Southern Germany and Austria, Including Hungary and Transylvania (2024)

From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia

{{Template}}Southern Germany and Austria, Including Hungary and Transylvania is a Baedeker guidebook.

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PREFACE.

The HANDBOOK FOR SOUTH GERMANY AND AUSTRIA, which is now issued for the fifth time, and corresponds with the nineteenth German edition, is designed to assist the traveller in planning his tour and disposing of his time to the best advantage, to render him as far as possible independent ofthe services of hotel-keepers , commissionnaires, and guides ,and thus enable him the more thoroughly to enjoy and ap preciate the objects of interest he meets with on his tour.The Handbook has been compiled almost entirely from the personal obseryation of the Editor, and most ofthe country described has been repeatedly explored by him with a view to procure the latest possible information; but, as many of the data in the Handbook relate to matters which are con stantly undergoing alteration, he will highly appreciate any corrections or suggestions with which travellers may favour him . Those already received, which in many instances have proved most useful, he gratefully acknowledges.

The routes describing the mountainous districts of S. Germany and Austria (Tyrol, Salzkammergut, etc. ), formerly included in this Handbook, have now, for the convenience of travellers, been published in a separate volume entitled “The Eastern Alps'.

The MAPS and PLANS, on which special care has been bestowed, will, it is hoped, render material service to the traveller in planning his tour.

-TIME TABLES. Information as to the departure oftrains , steamboats, and diligences is seldom to be relied upon un less obtained from local sources. Full and accurate time tables are contained in ‘ Hendschel's Telegraph , published at Frankfort on the Main, and issued monthly in summer, and in the ' Kursbuch”, published at Berlin , and issued several times a year. The best Austrian publication of the kind is Waldheim's Conducteur', which appears at Vienna monthly.DISTANCES by road are given approximately in English miles; but in the case of mountain -excursions they are ex>>vi PREFACE.pressed by the time in which they can be accomplished by average walkers. HEIGHTS are givenin Englishfeet ( 1 Engl.ft. - 0,3048 mètre = 0,938 Parisian ft. 0,971 Prussian ft.),and the POPULATIONS from data furnished by the most re cent census.HOTELS. The Editor has endeavoured to enumerate, notonly the first-class hotels, but others of a less pretending kind, which may be safely selected by the ' voyageur en gar çon' , with little sacrifice of comfort, and greatsaving of ex penditure. Hotel-charges, as well ascarriage-fares and fees to guides, are liable to frequentvariation, and generally have a strong upward tendency; but these items, which are statedeitherfrom the personal experience of the Editor or from data furnished by numerous travellers, will at least afford the traveller an approximateidea of his expenditure.. To hotel-keepers, tradesmen , and others the Editor begs to intimate that a character for fair dealing towards tra vellers forms the sole passport to his commendation, and that advertisem*nts of every kind are strictly excluded from his Handbooks.CONTENTS.I. Language. Money II. Passports. Custom Houses III. ConveyancesIV. HotelsAbbreviationsPage.xiiixivxivxviXvi.1315151719191920202223 23Wurtomberg Route.1. From Heidelberg to Stuttgart by Bruchsal 1. Maulbronn .2. FromZuffenhausen to Calw and Horb 2. Stuttgart and Environs 3. From Stuttgart to Wildbad .1. From Pforzheim to Calw2. From Pforzheim to Carlsruhe3. Excursions from Wildbad 4. From Stuttgart to Friedrichshafen ,1. From Geislingen to the Swabian Alb 2. From Ulm to Kempten 3. From Aulendorf to Isny 4. From Aulendorf to Herbertingen5. Veitsburg . Waldburg 5. From Stuttgart to Tübingen and Horb 1. Bebenhausen . Wurmlinger Capelle 2. The Baths of Imnau6. From Stuttgart to Böblingen and Schaffhausen 1. From Eutingen to Freudenstadt .2. From Rottweil to Villingen3. Hohentwiel7. The Swabian Alb .8. From Tübingen to Hechingen and Sigmaringen 1. Hohenzollern 2. The Upper Valley of the Danube 9. From Ulm to Radolfzell and Constance 1. The Bussen 2. From Mengen to Sigmaringen 3. From Schwakenreute to Aulendorf. Heiligenberg4. Excursions from Constance. Mainau . Meersburg. Ueber lingen 10. From Stuttgart to Hall by Heilbronn 1. From Heilbronn to Heidelberg 2. From Jagstfeld to Neckarelz 3. From Heilbronn to Durlach11. From Stuttgart to Hall and Crailsheim (Nuremberg) viâ Backnang1122844 EK999%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ngggg232525263031343535363639394142421. From Backnang to Bietigheim 2. From Crailsheim to Mergentheim 3. From Crailsheim to Nördlingen43434444viii CONTENTS.Route.12. From Stuttgart to Nördlingen and Nuremberg From Aalen to UlmPage.4446Bavaria .13. From Frankfort to Nuremberg by Würzburg .1. From Hanau to Eberbach 2. From Aschaffenburg to Mayence direct 3. From Aschaffenburg to Amorbach 4. From Lohr to Wertheim5. From Gemünden to Elm 6. From Gemünden to Schweinfurt 14. From Würzburg to Heidelberg1. From Lauda to Wertheim2. From Königshofen to Mergentheim3. From Osterburken to Jagstfeld 4. From Neckarelz to Meckesheim15. From Leipsic to Nuremberg by Bamberg1. From Plauen to Eger .2. From Hof to Steben 3. From Hof to Eger .4. From Hochstadt to Stockheim 5. Banz. Vierzehnheiligen .16. From Würzburg to Bamberg and Baireuth . Kissingen 1. The Ludwigsbad Wipfeld 2. Excursions from Bocklet 3. Excursions from Brückenau 4. From Kissingen to Meiningen 5. From Kissingen to Gemünden 6. Konigsberg 7. From Baireuth to Weiden 17. The Fichtelgebirge18. Franconian Switzerland19. Nuremberg20. From Nuremberg to Hof by Schnabelwaid. Fichtelgebirge RailwayFrom Schnabelwaid to Baireuth .21. From Nuremberg to Augsburg 1. From Nördlingen to Dombühl 2. From Donauwörth to Neu- Offingen 22. From Nuremberg to Ratisbon .The Walhalla 23. From Ratisbon to Donauwörth (and Augsburg )1. Kelheim and the Befreiungshalle 2. The Danube from Kelheim to Weltenburg .3. From Ingolstadt to Augsburg .24. FromFrankforttoMunichbyAnsbach and Ingolstadt .1. Rothenburg on the Tauber 2. From Ansbach to Nuremberg. Heilsbronn 3. From Ansbach to Crailsheim 25. From Stuttgart to Munich 26. From Leipsic to Munich viâ Hof and Ratisbon 27. Munich28. From Munich to Lindau1. From Kaufering to Landsberg 2. From Augsburg to Buchloeផ្ត នឱនឪទិន និ888១៩៩៨ ជខ៥៥ឌទ ៩៩៥៥101103108108111157CONTENTS.ixRoute .Page.3. Excursions from Lindau 1604. The Lake of Constance 16029. From Munich to Salzburg 161Chiemsee. Adelholzen 16130. From Munich to Linz by Simbach 162From Braunau to Steindorf 16331. From Nuremberg to Furth ( and Prague)163From Neukirchen to Weiden .16332. From Ratisbon to Passau and Linz 1641. Excursions from Passau 1682. The Danube from Ratisbon to Linz 169 33. From Rosenheim toEisenstein by Mühldorf and Plattling.The Bavarian Forest .170Austria .34. ViennaI. The Inner City and the Ring- Strasse a. Church of St. Stephen . Graben, Kohlmarkt b. The Imperial Hofburg and its Collections c . The S.E. Part of the Inner City .d. The N.W. Part of the Inner City e . The Ring -Strasse .II . The Outer Districts35. Environs of Vienna .1. Schönbrunn. Hietzing. Penzing2. Brühl. Laxenburg. Baden 3. Kahlenberg and Leopoldsberg 4. Klusterneuburg. Dornbach. Neu -Waldegg 36. From Vienna to Linz1. Hadersdorf. Haimbach. Mauerbach 2. From St. Pölten to Leobersdorf 3. From Pöchlarn to Kienberg- Gaming 4. From Gaming to Göstling 5. From Gustling to Weyer 6. From Amstetten to Klein -Reifling. Waidhofen 7. St. Florian . Tillysburg .8. Excursions from Linz 37. The Danube from Linz to ViennaFrom Krems to Absdorf 38. From Linz to Salzburg1. From Attnang to Schärding 2. Excursions from Salzburg39. From Vienna to Gratz .1. Merkenstein2. Excursions from Gratz 3. From Gratz to Raab and Stuhlweissenburg. Bad Gleichen .berg40. From Gratz to Trieste175185185187192194197205226226226230 2322332332342342352352352362382382412422432482492502551. From Pragerhof to Kanizsa. Warasdin2. Baths of Rohitsch3. Baths of Neuhaus4. From Steinbrück to Agram 5. The Stalactite Caverns of Adelsberg 6. Excursions from Trieste255255256256257257258262XCONTENTS.Bohemia and Moravia .Route . Page.41. Prague 26342. From Dresden to Prague . 2751. From Bodenbach to Dux 2752. The Schneeberg:276 3. From Aussiy to Teplitz 27643. Teplitz and Environs 278Dux . Ossegg. Battle -field of Kulm 28144. From Prague to Carlsbad and Eger 2811. From Wejhybka to Kralup 2812. From Saaz to Dux 282 3. From Komotau to Teplitz 2824. From Brüx to Prague 2825. From Komotau to Chemnitz 2826. From Neusattel to Elbogen 2837. From Falkenau to Graslitz 2848. From Eger to Wiesau 285 9. Excursions from Eger. Franzensbad 28545. Carlsbad 28646. From Prague to Furth (Nuremberg, Munich)2891. Schloss Karlstein 289 2. From Zditz toProtiwin . Prschibram 2893. From Pilsen to Saaz and Eisenstein 29047. From Eger to Vienna 2911. From Budweis to St. Valentin 2932. The Krieger- Walhalla at Wetzdorf .29448. From Dresden (Berlin) to Vienna by Tetschen and Iglau 294 1. From Tetschen to Böhmisch- Leipa and Nimburg 2942. Excursions from Leitmeritz 2953. From Deutsch - Brod to Pardubitz 2974. The Thayathal 2985. From Znaim to Grussbach 29849. From Prague to Vienna 298a. Viâ Brünn 2981. From Böhmisch- Trübau to Olmütz 2992. From Brünn to Vienna viâ Grussbach 3023. From Brünn to Prerau 3024. From Lundenburg to Grussbach 303b. Via Gmünd 303c. Viâ Znaim 30450. From Pardubitz to Zittau 3041. Battle - field of Königgrätz 304 2. From Josefstadt to Liebau 3043. From Turnau to Prague 3064. From Reichenberg to Seidenberg 30651. From Vienna to Breslau 3061. From Prerau to Olmütz 3072. From Pohl to Roznau 3073. From Zauchtl to Neutit*chein 307 4. From Schönbrunn to Troppau and Jägerndorf 3085. From Oppeln to Vossowska 3086. From Brieg to Neisse and Gräfenberg 308Hungary and Galicia .Introductory Remarks 309CONTENTS.xiRoute, Page.52. The Danube from Vienna to Pest 311Excursions from Pressburg 313 53. Pest and Ofen . 31554. From Pest to Vienna 32555. From Vienna to Ofen by Neu-Szöny 3261. The Abbey of St. Martinsberg 327 2. From Stuhlweissenburg to Steinamanger 32856. From Pest to Fiume viâ Kanizsa and Agram 3281. From Siófok to Füred 3282. From Agram to Sissek 32957. From Vienna to Mohács by Kanizsa 330The Neusiedler See. Eisenstadt 33058. The Danube from Pest to Orsova 33259. From Pest to Orsova viâ Temesvár 3381. From Pest to Temesvár by Arad 3392. From Temesvár to Bazias 3403. The Hercules Baths of Mehádia 3404. From Orsova to Bucharest 34160. From Pest to Debreczin, Szathmár, and Marmaros Szigeth 341 From Debreczin to Miskolcz 34161. From Grosswardein to Essegg 343From Essegg to Villány .34362. From Pest to Klausenburg 34363. From Pest to Kaschau and Eperies 3441. From Hatvan to Szolnok 3452. From Füzes- Abony to Erlau 3453. From Miskolcz to Diósgyör. Baths of Tapolcza 3454. From Eperies to Bartfeld 346 5. From Eperies to Tarnów . Krynica. Zegiestów . 34664. From Kaschau to Marmaros Szigeth 3471. From Legenye - Mihályi to Przemysl 3472. Unghvár 3473. Munkács 34765. From Pest to Oderberg 3481. From Fülek to Miskolcz 348 2. From Bánréve to Dobschau: Aggtelek. Rogenau 3489. Neusohl. Schemnitz 34966. From Pressburg to Tyrnau and Sillein. Waag Valley . 350 1. From Tyrnau to Szered 350 2. Baths of Trentschin-Teplitz 35167. From Oderberg to Kaschau 3511. Baths of Korytnica 352 2. Dobschau 3533. Leutschau 35368. The Tatra Mountains 3541. Excursions from Schmeks. Kohlbach Valley, etc. 3542. Lake of Csorba 355 3. From Lucsivna to the valley of Mengsdorf 3554. The Kriván 3565. From Kesmark to the Steinbach and Weisswasser Valleys 3566. From Javorina to the Fischsee and the Five Lake Valley 357 7. Excursions from Zakopane. Magóra, etc. 357 69. From Vienna to Cracow . Wieliczka 358From Cracow to the Tátra Mts. 361xii CONTENTS.Route. Page.70. From Cracow to Lemberg and Czernowitz . 3611. From Przemysl to Stanislau 3612. From Lemberg to Odessa 3623. From Czernowitz to Bucharest 364Transylvania.Introductory Remarks 36571. From Arad to Hermannstadt 3681. The Gold Mines of Nagyág 3682. From Déva to Vajda Hunyad 3693. From Piski to the Hátszeg Valley and Petrozseny 3694. From Karlsburg to Abrudbánya .3705. Heltau . Michelsberg. Rothenthurm Pass 3726. From Hermannstadt by Fogaras to Kronstadt 37372. From Hermannstadt to Kronstadt 3731. Birthelm 3732. Vargyas Valley. Baths of Elöpatak 374 3. Excursions from Kronstadt. Rosenau. Törzburg. Tömög Pass. The Siebendörfer 3754. Land of the Szeklers. From Kronstadt by Sepsi Szent György to Kézdi Vásárhely and Tusnád 3765. From Kronstadt to the Baths of Borszék through the Upper Valley of the Alt and the Gyergyó Plain , and back by Székely Udvárhely to Schässburg 37673. From Klausenburg to Hermannstadt and Kronstadt . 377 1. From Klausenburg to Bistritz by Szamos Újvár and Deés 378 2. From Bistritz to Suczawa 3783. From Bistritz to Naszód and Rodna 3794. From Gyéres to Torda and Nagy- Enyed 3795. From Kocsárd to Maros Vásárhely and Bistritz 37974. From Kronstadt to Bucharest and Giurgevo 380Index 383sira!trictbotor FstraiwhoqueswaitHanexand20cert10to Maps.1. South GERMANY AND AUSTRIA: before the Title.2. The ENVIRONS OF STUTTGART: R. 2; between pp . 2, 3.3. The SWABIAN ALB: RR . 4, 5, 7-9; between pp. 26 , 27.4. The FICHTELGEBIRGE: RR. 11 , 20; between pp. 72, 73.5. The FRANCONIAN SWITZERLAND: R. 18; between pp . 76, 77.6. The BAVARIAN FOREST: R. 33; between pp. 170 , 171.7. The ENVIRONS OF VIENNA: R. 35; between pp. 226, 227.8. The DANUBE FROM PASSAU TO THE STRUDEL: RR. 36, 37; betweenpp . 238, 239.9. The DANUBE FROM THE STRUDEL TO VIENNA: RR. 36 , 37; between pp . 240, 241. 10. The DANUBE FROM VIENNA to Pest: RR. 52, 53 , 54; between pp . 310, 311 .11. The Tátra MOUNTAINS: R. 68; between pp. 354 , 355 . 12. HUNGARY AND GALICIA: after the Index. 13. TRANSYLVANIA: after the Index .mabechaanabbuthTIpa01Plans of Towns.Aschaffenburg, Augsburg, Baireuth , Bamberg , Brünn, Carlsbad , Con stance, Cracow , Gratz , Heilbrunn, Hermannstadt, Kissingen, Kronstadt,Laxenburg , Munich, Nuremberg, Pest and Ofen , Prayue, Pressburg,Ratisbon , Salzburg, Stuttgart, Teplitz , Trieste , Ulm, Vienna, Vienna (inner town), Würzburg.DEei08INTRODUCTION.16 s. 16 m.I. Language. Money .LANGUAGB. A slight acquaintance with German is very desirable for travellers who purpose exploring the more remote dis tricts of Southern Germany and Austria. Those, however, who do not deviate from the beaten track will generally find that English or French is spoken at the principal hotels and the usual resorts of strangers. At the same time it must be borne in mind that thosewho are entirely ignorant of the language must be prepared fre quently to submit to the extortions practised by commissionnaires,waiters, cab-drivers, etc. , which even the data furnished by the Handbook will not always enable them to avoid .Money. English sovereigns and banknotes may usually be exchanged at a small mium in the principal towns in Germany,and at a higher premium in Austria ( see below; at par, 11.20 marks 10 Austr. florins). Napoleons are also favourably received (20 fr. 8 fl. Austr. ). Those who travel with large sums should provide themselves with circular notes (of 101. each, issued by the London and other bankers), in preference to banknotes or gold , the value of the former being recoverable in case of loss .English, German, and French gold , and also English and Ger man banknotes, when converted into the paper currency of Austria,bear a premium of 10-20 per cent. Thus the average rate of ex change for a sovereign or a gold piece of 20 marks is 111/2-12 fi.,and for a Napoleon 9-91/2 fl. Those who desire to convert consider able sums into Austrian notes should be careful to employ nonebut respectable bankers or money- changers; and they will effect the exchangemore advantageously in the principal towns of Au stria itself than at Munich or other towns of Sonthern Germany.The Austrian florin, or gulden (=28. ), contains 100 kreuzers . The paper florin, silver pieces of 5 , 10, and 20 kr. , and copper pieces of 1 and 4 kr. are in most common circulation .The expense of a tour in Southern Germany and Austria de pends of course on a great variety of circ*mstances. It may, how ever, be stated generally that travelling in these regions is less expensive than in most other European countries . The pedestrian of moderate requirements, who has attained a tolerable proficiency in the language ,> and avoids the beaten track of ordinary touristsxiv PASSPORTS.7as much as possible , may succeed in limiting his expenditure to 8-10 s . per diem . Those, on the other hand, who prefer driving to walking, frequent hotels of the highest class , and engage the ser vices of guides, commissionnaires, etc. , must be prepared to ex pend 25-30 s . daily.II. Passports and Custom Houses .PASSPORTS are now unnecessary in Austria, as well as in Ger many and most of the other countries of Europe , but they are frequently serviceable in proving the identity of the traveller, procuring admission to collections, andobtaining delivery of regist ered letters. (See, however, p. 368.) The following are the prin cipal passport -agents in London: Lee and Carter, 440 West Strand;Dorrel and Son , 15 Charing Cross; E. Stanford , 55 Charing Cross;W. J. Adams, 59 Fleet Street.Custom House formalities are now almost everywhere lenient.As a rule, however, articles purchased during the journey, which are not destined for personal use, should be declared at the frontier.At the Austrian frontier , playing - cards, almanacs , and sealed letters are confiscated if found . Tobacco and cigars , the sale of which in Austria is a monopoly of government, are liable to aduty of 10-25 kr. per lb. , besides which a license- fee of 7-11 fl. is exacted. According to the strict rule, one ounce of tobacco and 10 cigars only are exempt from duty . Those who pay duty for cigars or other articles on crossing the frontier should preserve the 'Bol lette' or receipt; otherwise they may in some cases be compelled to pay the duty a second time (e. g. on entering a town where civic imposts are levied ).III . Conveyances.RAILWAY TRAVELLING in Germany is less expensive than in most other parts of Europe , and the carriages are generally clean and comfortably fitted up; but in Austria the fares are somewhathigher, and the carriages inferior. The second - class carriages,furnished with spring-seats, are often superior to those of the first class in England. The first - class carriages, lined with velvet, are comparatively little used , but are recommended to the lover of fresh air, as he will be more likely to secure a seat next to the window. The third - class travelling community are generally quiet and respectable, and the carriages tolerably clean. On a few rail ways there is even a fourth class, unprovided with seats. Smoking is permitted in all the carriages, except those ' Für Nichtraucher and the coupés for ladies . The average fares for the different classes in S. Germany are 13/5 d. , 11/5 d ., and 4/5 d. per Engl. M. respectively. The speed seldom exceeds 25 M. per hour, and as the railways are generally well organised and under the immediate supervision of government , accidents are of very rare occurrence .CONVEYANCES.XVOn many lines 20-50 lbs. of luggage are free, in addition to smaller articles carried in the hand. Over-weight is charged for at moderate rates. In all cases the heavier luggage must be booked, and a ticket prooured for it. This being done, the traveller need be under no apprehension as to the safety of his ' impedimenta' before he arrives at his final destination , where they will be kept in safe custody,generally gratis for the first day or two, until he presents his ticket.When a frontier has to be crossed the traveller is strongly recom mended to keep his luggage with him , and to superintend the custom - house examination in person . If luggage be sent across afrontier by goods- train or diligence the keys must be sent along with it, as otherwise it will be detained at the custom-house; but the pecuniary saving effected by such a course is far outweighed by the risk of vexatious delays, pilferage, and damage, for which it is difficult or impossible to obtain redress .DILIGENCES , termed ' Eilwagen' or 'Mallepostes’ in Austria,generally carry three passengers only, two in the intérieur, and one in the coupé. The latter alone affords a tolerable survey of the scenery traversed, and should if possible be secured in good time.In much frequented districts it is frequently engaged several days beforehand. The guards, who are often retired non- commissioned officers, are generally well - informed and obliging. The usual amount of luggage carried free by the Eilwagen does not exceed 20-30 lbs., over-weight being charged for by tariff. Passengers are moreover required to book their luggage two hours before the time of starting, and sometimes even on the previous evening; but these rules are seldom rigidly enforced .EXTRA - Post. The usual charge in Austria for a carriage for four personswith a moderate quantity of luggage is (according to tariff) 2 fl. 80 kr. for 2 horses, 80 kr. for the vehicle, and 70 kr.gratuity, i.e. in all 4 fl. 30 kr. (= 88 . 7d. ), per stage of 2 German miles (about 91/4 Engl. M.). The tariff, however, differs in almost every province. Return post- carriages are charged for at a lower rate . For a party of four persons posting is cheaper than travelling by diligence, and of course pleasanter.Travellers who are pressed for time should apply in writing atthe post- office from 12 to 24 hrs. before starting, and direct a' Laufzettel' to be forwarded to the different stations on the route .A change of horses will then be provided everywhere without delay.The fare for half the journey is usually exacted in advance .OMNIBUSES, called “Stellwagen ' in Austria, run on all the prin cipal high -roads of S. Germany. The average fare is 50-60 kr. per stage ( 91/4 Engl. M.), which they generally take 2 hrs. to accomplish.Cheapness and the advantage of becoming acquainted with the people of the country are the sole attractions these vehicles offer.As they generally halt at second or third - rate inns, those who travel by them are recommended to postpone the principal meal of the dayxvi HOTELS.until they arrive at their destination . The ‘Cabriolet in front is the best part of the Stellwagen, and may be engaged for three fares .89TELongtatioBerderesieEdificNorthIV . Hotels.Little variation occurs in the accommodation and charges of first - class hotels in the principal towns and watering - places through out Germany and Austria; but it frequently happens that in old fashioned hotels of unassuming exterior the traveller finds as much real comfort as in the modern establishments , while the charges are more moderate. The best houses of both descriptions are there fore enumerated .Where the traveller remains for a week or more at a hotel, itis advisable to pay, or at least call for his account every two orthree days , in order that erroneous insertions may be at once de tected . Verbal reckonings are objectionable. A waiter's arithmetiois faulty , and his mistakes are seldom in favonr of the traveller. Ahabit too often prevails of presenting the bill at the last moment,when errors or wilful impositions must be submitted to , for want of time to investigate them . Those who purpose starting early in themorning will do well to ask for their bills on the previous evening.A peculiarity of many of the Austrian inns is that they have a' Gastzimmer' for the humbler classes on the ground - floor, while the ' Salle à Manger for more distinguished visitors is on the first floor.The viands and liqnors supplied in these different apartments are generally the same, while the charges differ considerably . Pedes trians and travellers of moderate requirements willfind the country inns in Southern Germany very reasonable , 5-6 s. a day being generally sufficient to include every item .English travellers often impose considerable trouble by orderingthings almost unknown in German usage; and are apt to become involved in disputes owing to their ignorance of the language.They should therefore endeavour to acquire such a moderate pro ficiency in the language as will render them intelligible to the servants , and should as far as possible conform in their require ments to the habits of the country. For this purpose Baedeker's " Traveller's Manual of Conversation will be found useful.Valets-de-place generally charge 1 florin for half- a - day, and 2 fl. for a whole day.B241 9and I3towea moand1dailyonceasterconstGothscreebandstyleTenRechaAbbreviations .R. = Room. R. , L. = right , left.B. = Breakfast. ft . = English foot.D. = Dinner. N. = North northern , etc. A. = Attendance . S. = South , etc.L. = Light . E. = East, etc. M. = English mile . W. = West , etc. Objects of special interest, and hotels which are believed worthy of special commendation are denoted by asterisks .sidewaWURTEMBERG .

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1. From Heidelberg to Stuttgart by Bruchsal.69 M. Railway in 3-4/2 hrs .; fares 9 m. 10, 6 m ., 3 m. 90 pf. (express 10 m . 30,7m . 25 pf. ). Route viâ Heilbronn, see p. 41.The line traverses a fertile plain , within a short distance of the mountains. Stations Kirchheim , St. Ilgen, Wiesloch . As ( 15 M. )Langenbrücken (Ochs; Sonne) , a small place possessing sulphur baths, is approached , Kislau , once a château of the prince - bishops of Speyer, now a penitentiary for women, is seen on the right . 2012 M. Bruchsal ( *Badischer Hof; *Rose , * Keller, both near the station; *Railway Restaurant) is the junction of the Bâle line (see Baedeker'8 Rhine ). The town (11,373 inhab. ) was formerly the residence of the Bishops of Speyer, whose Schloss, a fine ' rococo'edifice, handsomely fitted up, and adorned with frescoes by Zick , is worthy of a visit . The castellated building on the left as the station is approached is a prison, erected in 1845.Beyond Bruchsal a tunnel of 140 yds . under the churchyard .241/2 M. Heidelsheim . 27 M. Gondelsheim , with the ruined castle and modern château of Count Langenstein .30 M, Bretten, a small town commanded by an ancient watch tower , was the birthplace of Melanchthon (1497-1560) , to whom a monument was erected here in 1864. Branch - lines to Durlach and Heilbronn, see p. 42. — 36 M. Maulbronn .Maulbronn ( 21/2 M. from the station; post-omnibus to the village twice daily in 25 min. ) possesses a Protestant Theological seminary , which was once a celebrated Cistercian abbey, and subsequently the seat of the 'mon astery school' founded by Duke Christopher in 1556. The * Abbey Church,consecrated in 1178 , is a fine Romanesque basilica with aisles . The lateGothic chapels on the S. side were subsequent additions . A Romanesque screen with two doors separates the choir of the monks from the nave;in front of the central niche are a richly-decorated throne and with a colossal crucifix dating from 1473. The choir , adorned with two handsome Gothic windows, contains 92 well-carved stalls in the late- Gothic style . Each of the transepts, on the N. and S. side of the choir respectively,contains three rectangular chapels . At the W. end of the church is a

• Vestibule ( “Paradies') with elegant late - Romanesque arcade -windows and fine vaulting. The * Cloisters on the N. side of the church are interesting.

The S. passage, in the transition style (1303) is the richest; the others,in the Gothic style, are simpler. In front of the N. wing of the cloisters is a tastefully- constructed well-house. Beyond it is the summer refectory (“Rebenthal') with fine vaulting. Other apartments (chamber of flagellation,chapter-house , audience saloon , residence of the superior) adjoin the E. side of the cloisters . On the W.' side is the winter or lay-refectory, divided into two parts by seven double columns . The entire structure, one of the best preserved of the older monasteries of Germany, has been restored under the superintendence of Landauer. The train now passes through a tunnel of 357 yds . , by which thewatershed between the Neckar and the Rhine is penetrated . 40 M.BAEDEKER'S S. Germany. 5th Edit. 1an altar2 Route 1 . CALW .-Mühlacker, junction for Pforzheim (p . 13); 44 M. Illingen; 47 M. Vaihingen; 50 M. Gro88 - Sachsenheim . On the left rise the Strom berg and the Heuchelberg, two low, wooded chains of hills . The train next traverses the old Kraichgau and Salzgau, a fertile, undulating district , and crosses the profound valley of the Enz by a * Viaduct,115 ft. high , and 357yds.Iong, supported by 21 arches, in two series,one above the other (well seen from the station of Bietigheim ). At (541/2 M.) Bietigheim the line to Heilbronn and Hall diverges to the N. (see R. 10) . Beyond Bietigheim the line presents few at tractions. 561/2 M. Thamm . Farther on,immediately to the right,near (571/2 M.) Asperg, rises a vine-clad hill crowned by the small fortress of Hohenasperg, used as a state-prison , where Duke Charles confined the poet Schubart from 1777 to 1787 for having composed a satirical epigram on him. 60 M. Ludwigsburg, see p . 12.63 M. Kornwestheim; 641/2 M. Zuffenhausen .To CALW AND HORB, 561/2 M., railway in 33/4-41/2 hrs . ( fares 7 m . 20 ,4 m. 85, 3 m . 10 pf.). Stations Kornthal (p . 12) and Ditzingen; then (9 M.)Leonberg ( *Löwe), the birthplace of the philosopher Schelling ( p. 124) , which possesses an early-Gothic church of the 15th cent. , and is noted for afine breed of large dogs resembling the now extinct St. Bernard race. 16 M.Weilderstadt ( Krone; Löwe ) , with the late- Gothic Church of St. Peter &St. Paul ( end of 15th cent.), was the birthplace of the astronomer Kepler (d . 1630 ), a * Statue of whomin bronze adorns the market- place . At (301/2 M.)Calw ( Waldhorn ), a town with 4662 inhab. and a considerable timber -trade,the line enters the deep and picturesque Nagold - Thal . Railway from Calw to Pforzheim in 1/2-3 /4 hr., see p .14.The line then leads through the Nagold - Thal ( several tunnels) , past Kentheim , to (32 M.) Teinach , situated at the union of the Teinach and Nagold. About 11/2 M. up the valley of the Teinach ( omnibus in 25 min . )are the charmingly -situated mineral-baths and hydropathic establishment of Teinach (* Bad - Hôtel zur Krone , with accommodation for 300 visitors ,“ pens . ' & R.50-80 m. per week; Hirsch; Zum Kühlen Brunnen ). 361/2M. Wild berg (Adler; Schwan) , an old town , is prettily situated on a hill partly surrounded by the Nagold . Then (42 M.) Nagold ( Post; Hirsch ) , a busy place in a broader part of the valley, commanded by the handsome ruins of the castle of Hohennagold , which was destroyed during the Thirty Years' War. Handsome modern Gothic church. The line now quitsthe Nagold - Thal, which here turns to the W., and ascends gradually through the Steinach- Thal to Gindringen . The train thenpasses through theHoch dorfer Tunnel, 1360 yds. in length, and reaches (481/2 M.) Hochdorf (1650 ft .),the culminating point of the line. Beyond (59 M.) Eutingen, thejunction for the Gäubahn ( p. 23), the train descends the narrow valley of Mühlen to the Neckar - Thal, and then crosses the river to (561/2 M. ) Horb ( p. 24 ).66 M. Feuerbach, beyond which the train passes through a tun nel of 1000 yds . under the Prag .69 M. Stuttgart, see below.From Carlsruhe to Stuttgart by Pforzheim , see p.14 .22. Stuttgart and Environs.Hotels. *MARQUARDT (Pl. a; D , 4 ) , conveniently situated near the station , R. from 2 m ., L. 50 , A. 70 pf. , B. 1 m. , D. at 1 o'clock 3 m. , at 5 o'clock 4 m. , pens . for a prolonged stay at lower charges. *ROYAL (Pl.b; D , 4 ), opposite the station, R., L., &A. 21/2 m.; * SILBER (Pl. d: E , 5) ,Dorotheen- Str. 2 and 4, good cuisine; *HÔTEL KRAUSS (Pl . f; D, 4 ), *OBER POLLINGER (Pl. g; D, 4 ), " TEXTOR (Pl. h; D, 4 ), all in the Friedrichs- Str.,M.ninngct,es.Attoht ,allesed20.N.ichineM.lerM.de,01ast and n. ent ors,ildtisusinsrtybits ago chionlen24). n theal Pl. 51.ERYousserResucaReiter serne12322STUTTGART .B с D1.Bahnhof D.4 .22. Markthalle E.5 .44. Synagoge .C.32Bibliothek F.4.5 .23. Marstali E34 45.Theater E.4 . Bürgerspital 3. C.5 . Monumente . 46. Turnhalle C.4 . ES .Casernen 24.Jubilaeums Säule 47.Waisenhaus E4 Zollamt 48. EberhdD.F.5 Herzogs .Reiterst 25. E.2 . 4.Garde C. C.4 . D.5 . 26. Schiller Hôtels B.C.6 .5.Infanterie C. a.Marquardt .F.3 D.4 . 6.Reiterc . El 27. Münze Museum .28B.C.3 Hospital Catharinen 7. Royal b.D.5 D.4 . Würtemberg c.König rKünster_F.3 29. Museumdbild E.3 . 1.5 . Minist 8.Finanz Lager C.4 ,30Musterdsuber E.5.2 9.Baugewerkschule 1.6 . 10. Hytas Gruppe F.1 . Alterthum (Verein ) Königsbau 11 D.4 . Krause E.F.5 .f D.4 . 31. Naturaliencabinet A.4 .8.Obergotlinger Heilanstalt 32.Olga 45. D.Palais 12.Kronprinzen.D.4h.Terter D.4 . Kirchen 34. Polizei 1.6 K.13.Englische14. Garnisonsk C.3 . F.6 .35. Polytech -Schule C.4 . 36. Post 1.4 . K.15. Hospital 1.5 .Prinzessin 37. Pala's Katholische K.16. DE.4 .38.Rathaus 1.6 . E.6 ..17.stLeonhardsK Reithaus 39. E.F.4 . 18.Stifts K. 1.5 . E.45 . 40. Residenz 19. Leibstall E.4 . Schlachthaus 41. B.3 . 20.Liederhalle B.4 .42. Schlass ultes , DE.5 . Minist.des 21. Auswärtigen 43. Stöndehaus D.5 . 1.5 .Thiergartenwonnungen Tatr Adler e.CD.6SC.5 .BUTleåCOURSEI.LeoneTENTINTIKonigesTRUubenraugamGerberTalleStadeMarGa spod Hoppenlau Gas -Zastle Flied bof barnisonsKirchéhahaSchellingDireysAina chloss ULOtriten Schul steh Marke PlatzMilit SpitatPlatz S ühz Rotheb REZOTE Infanterie Caserne shards Zumthaus 16 SAYA Ebe Longeze धM..PASee eder PLOT Taanien Stlitar Rlatz 2715 burg StrusseOThor Yübinger Silberbung8 Tenho HABEKarls LindeSAvon Anstuit GeographB D Tein FWagner &Debes ,Lipzig 300 400 1:5.000 Soo Meterin GmündCANNSTATTAuf der Stle ilg uwagenCOLReaWerkst192GBERahkhy CBurgholzhofMELMA ExercierplatsROSENSTEIN TEveekarStuttgCasfahMaereitentrag fajsburg Prag warefreeKidentialdeCentraGablenberg Vezrrenlo staadGüterAhah C.Kas ir cutsennizlaylishör10Lytserhalen opreme HadehofLuusbühí PKrieg liSCHLOSSteingrüßen taeuerbach'LoppenThiccBigSTUNTVKagernendeAtžol:DerindeBassinStat,lasenbe Both Degeflocha nang HeslachLebarseichesBerhaus Ausichtsturm 1.Horb1: 50.500 KilometerEnál.MileSTUTTGART. 2. Route. 3>>10 pf.near the station , and inexpensive; KÖNIG Von WÜRTTEMBERG ( Pl.c; D, 5) ,

• GALLMANN (or Bär), ADLER ( Pl. e; D , 6) , all in the Markt; Hirsch ,

Hirsch -Str. , near the Markt; HÔTEL GÁRNI REDWITZ , near the station ,with restaurant. Pensions. " Howitz , Schiller-Str. 3 , near the Park;

• SIGLE , Neckar - Str. 18; * HAUSSMANN , Blumen - Str. 27; *ERPF, Neckar Str . 48; * BUNZEL, Urban- Str. 46, near the park; also at " Alexander - Str.3C.

Restaurants , etc. *Marquardt, in Dannecker's old studio, in the Schloss platz; Fink, in the Königsbau (see below ), opposite the palace; Stollsteimer,Schul-Str., with view of the Königs- Str.; Bertrand, Calwer -Str. 7; * Weber & Fromm , Stifts -Str . 3 (old German wine-room ); Dierlamm, Friedrichs-Str.30, close to the station , with a small garden , Michoud, Kronprinz-Str. 6;Rau , Sophien- Str . 35; Hiller, Ledergässchen , behind the Hôtel Silber ( old German beer -saloon ); Redwitz , corner of the Friedrichs - Str. and Schloss Str.; Cassel, Rothe - Str. 14; Gutscher, Rothebühl - Str . 1 ( wine - room );Railway Restaurant; Café for Ladies, corner of the Olga- Str. and Charlot ten -Str. – Beer Gardens. * Stadtgarten ( p . 8); Textor, Friedrichs- Str. 50;Englischer Garten , above the horse-groups in the Anlagen , with fine view;

• Nill, Herdweg 10 (p. 10 ); Schützenhaus , Kanonenweg , with fine view;

Wulle, Neckar- Str. 60; Koppenhöfer, near the Silberburg (military music frequently); Liederhalle-Garten ( p . 8 ), frequent performances by a mili tary band.Cabs . Per 1/4 hr. for 1-2 pers . 60 pf. , 3-4 pers . 80 pf. , 1/2 hr. 1 m . or1 m . 20, 1 hr. 1 m. 80 or 2 m . 10 pf., half-day ( 6 hrs.) 10 m ., whole day ( 10 hrs.) 14 m .; to Berg , Rosenstein , or the Schützenhaus 1 m. or 1 m.40 pf. , to the Jägerhaus 4 m. 30 or 5 m . 20 pf. In driving to the railway station, theatre, concerts, or at night, the driver may demand the fare in advance. In driving by time he is bound to show his watch to the hirer.Tramway every 10 min. through the principal streets to Berg, and every 20 min. to Cannstatt. Good cars . Fare in the town 10, to Bergoutside 15, inside 20, to Cannstatt 20 or 25 pf. , from Berg to CannstattRailway Station at the corner of the Schloss - Str. and Friedrichs- Str.( Pl. D, 4) , one of the finest structures of the kind in Germany.Post Office (Pl. 36; D , 4 ), opposite the station. Branch -offices: Pau linen -Str. 13 , Hauptstädter-Str. 19, Untere Neckar- Str. 121 .Telegraph Office at the railway -station (entrance by Friedrichs- Str .25) .

• Nill's Thiergarten, Herdweg 10 , 1 M. from the Schloss-Platz , con tains a small collection of animals (40 pf.; see above) and a skating rink.

Exhibition of modern pictures of the Kunstverein, Friedrichs-Str. 32;that of Herdtle & Peters, Rothebühl- Str. 1b, daily 9-5, Sun. 11-5 (40 pf. ).The Exhibition of the Kunstgewerbeverein in the Königsbau (p . 4) con sists of an extensive selection of modern works of industrial art (open daily , adm: 30 pf. ) .Theatre daily: closed from the middle of June till the middle of August.Theatre at Berg, see p. 10 .Baths. Charlotten - Bad, Charlotten- Str.; Bathing Establishment (warm and Turkish baths) , Rothebühl- Str. See also p . 10.British Chargé d'Affaires , Mr. Gould. United States Consul, Mr. George L. Catlin , Urban-Str. 29.English Church (Pl. 13) in the Olga- Strasse; services at 8.30 a.m.,11 a.m. , and 6 p.m. Chaplain , Rev. W. G. Parminter, Alexander- Str. 3C. Wesleyan Church , Sophien - Str.; service at 10.30 a.m. Methodist Chapel at Cannstatt (p . 10) .Stuttgart (892 ft.), the capital of Wurtemberg , with 117,303 inhab. , is a city of very modern origin , nearly all the important build ings belonging to this century, and all its collections, with the ex ception of the Library and the Cabinet of Natural History, being also of recent growth . The city possesses few ' lions' , but it is the most beautifully situated of the German capitals , surrounded by picturesque vine - clad and wooded heights. In the modern revival1 *4 Route 2 . STUTTGART.Palace.of Renaissance forms of art, it has taken a prominent place through its numerous talented architects.The town is intersected from S.W. to N.E. by the handsome Königs- Strasse, 3/4 M. in length , formed in part by filling up the old moat. In this street , opposite the Schloss - Platz , rises the imposing Königsbau (Pl. 11; D , 4) , 440 ft. long and 135 ft. wide ,erected by Leins in 1856-60 . In front is an Ionic colonnade, brokenby two projecting Corinthian porticoes. The lower story comprises acafé and an arcade with shops , above which are concert and ballrooms. (The hollow iron columns of the large concert- room are utilised for heating purposes . ) Exhibition of the Kunstgewerbe verein , see p. 3. Adjoining the Königsbau is the extensive Palaceof Prince William. On the right , farther on , are the Bazaar, the Kanzlei ( government-offices ), and the Ministerium ' of the Exterior.Then on the left , at the end of the street , the Legionscaserne (p. 8) , at the corner of the Marien- Strasse , opposite which is the Kleine Bazar' , containing numerous attractive shops.The extensive * SCHLOSS - Platz is adorned with a Column (Pl . 24;E, 4) , 59 ft. high , erected in 1841 to the memory of King William ,and crowned with a Concordia in bronze , 15 ft. high , from a design by Hofer. At the corners of the pedestal are represented the 'Lehr stand' , ' Nährstand' , 'Wehrstand ' ( i.e. the teachers , the bread -win ners, and the defenders of the country ), and Commerce , also by Hofer. The reliefs on the pedestal represent the confirmation of the constitution , the battles of La -Fère - Champenoise and Brienne,and the storming of Sens , and are cast in bronze from designs byWagner. The genii at the base of the two neighbouring fountains,representing the rivers of Wurtemberg , are by Kopp. A military band plays daily in the kiosk in the middle of the square , at the hour of relieving guard (12 to 12.30 p.m.) . The new Palace (Pl . 40; E, 4, 5 ), begun in 1746, and completed in 1807, consists of a central building adorned with a gilded crown ,and of two wings, and contains about 360 apartments. The ' marble' ,the ' blue' , the 'white', and the dining rooms are best worth see ing. Cards of admission obtained daily from the intendant.The ground floor contains a series of large *Frescoes by Gegenbaur,executed in 1843-45 , chiefly from the history of Count Eberhard im Bart ( d . 1496) , most of the cartoons of which are in the Museum (p . 6) . Among the pictures may be mentioned: Pollak, Oriental woman with carrier-pigeon;E. Stöckler , Lady of the 18th cent. (water- colour). Sculptures:Dannecker,Bacchus , Venus. Few of the others are original works . Then china from the factories of Ludwigsburg and Meissen , Sèvres porcelain presented by Napoleon I. , Pompeian antiques , etc. The private apartments of the king ( special permission necessary ) contain a collection of upwards of 500 Majolica vases of the 16th cent. ( from Faenza and Urbino), purchased at Venice in the 18th cent . by Duke Charles Eugene .The N. wing of the palace adjoins the Theatre (Pl . 45) . On the E. side of the palace are the Private Royal Stables (Pl . 19) , and at the end of the Königs- Strasse are the Royal Mews.The Old Palace (Pl . 42; D, E, 5) , on the S. side of the SchlossStiftskirche. STUTTGART. 2. Route. 5Platz , erected by Tretsch in 1553-701, forms an irregular quadrangle,with round towers at the corners and a court surrounded by arcadesin the middle . On the S. side is the entrance to the tasteful GothicChapel. In the court rises the equestrian Statue of Count Eber hard im Bart (Pl . 25) , a Count of Wurtemberg (a. 1496) who was created a duke by the Emp. Max, by Hofer. This palace contains the office of the Obersthofmeister, or chief intendant of the palace( see p. 10; office-hours 8-9 a.m. from 15th April to 15th Oct.,Sundays and holidays excepted). In the E. tower the second flooris reached by an inclined plane instead of a staircase,In the Schiller- Platz , which adjoins the Old Palace on the W.,rises the * Statue of Schiller (Pl . 26; D, 5), designed by Thorvaldsen ,and erected in 1839 by subscriptions from all parts of Germany.On the S. side of the Schiller - Platz is the * Stiftskirche (Pl . 18) ,Prot . since 1532, in the Gothic style, erected 1436-95, and restored by Heideloff in 1841. Towers unfinished . Reliefs on the S. Portal:Christ bearing the Cross , Christ and the Apostles.

• Stained Glass of 1848-51, from drawings by Neher: in the choir the Nativity, Crucifixion, and Resurrection; in the organ -choir King David. By the N. wall of the choir, eleven * Stone Figures of Counts of Wurtemberg,

dating from the close of the 16th century. In the choir is the painted stone monument of Count Albert von Hohenlohe (d. 1575; generally covered) .Gothic pulpit in stone, of the 15th cent., with reliefs, disfigured by bronz ing. In the N. aisle an old relief in stone , representing Christ as the Judge of the world (above), and the Wise and Foolish Virgins ( below) .A few paces to the S. lies the Market Place (Pl . D, 5, 6 ), the central point of the old part of the city, with a few patrician dwell ing-houses of the 16th cent, and the Town Hall (Pl . 38) , a build ing of no pretension .The Neckar - Strasse, Olga - Strasse, Kriegsberg - Strasse, Goethe Strasse, upper Marien-Strasse , and Reinsburg - Strasse are the finest of the new streets . At the beginning of the Neckar- Strasse, on the right , is the Palace of the Princesses (Pl . 37; E, F, 5 ), with apleasant garden , adjoining which are the State Archives ( No. 4).The * Cabinet of Natural History (Pl . 31), which occupies themiddle and upper floor and the N. wing (Neckar- Str. 6 ) of the building of the Archives, is accessible daily, 11-12 and 2-3 o'clock (in summer on Sundays and holidays 11-1 and 2-4 , and on Wed.and Sat. 2-4). It contains a valuable collection of silver ores, geological specimens from different parts of Wurtemberg, fossils, thirteen teeth of a mammoth found near Cannstatt, zoological specimens chiefly from Africa, skeletons, and other objects of interest. Thecollections are divided into two sections , the one general , the other referring to Wurtemberg alone .The large building opposite , with four wings and three courts,is the Academy (Pl . E, 4, 5), the seat in 1775-1794 of the Carls Schule, founded by Duke Charles , where Schiller received his ele mentary education (p . 12) . The dining-hall contains the King's Private Library. On the ground floor are guard - rooms.6 Route 2. STUTTGART. Museum of Art .

>The royal Library (Pl . 2) , Neckar-Str . 8 , open every week day 10-12 and (except Saturdays) 2-5, contains 350,000 vols . , 3800 MSS. , 7200 Bibles in more than 100 different languages, and 2400 specimens of early printing . A large addition has been made at theback of the old building , from designs by Landauer.Connected with the library is the Collection of Coins and Antiquities (Neckar-Str . 10) , containing 17,000 coins and medals (accessible by giving notice at the library on the day previous; open without previous application , Sat. 2-4 , Wed. 5-6 ). Beyond thelibrary are the extensive new Law Courts , erected by Landauer,with a fine vestibule and jury court. The colossal groups of Law and Justice on the attic - story are by Kopp.Farther down the Neckar-Strasse , in a new building with wings opposite the Mint , is situated the * Museum of Art ( Pl. 29; Sun. 11-1 , 2-4; Tues. , Wed. , Frid . 10-12, 2-4; in winterWed.and Sun. only; engravings on Tues., Wed., and Thurs. 2-4; stone monuments on the ground floor, Sun. 11-12; on other days , fee) .On the ground floor, Plaster Casts. Room I.: Niobe group , Doorsof the Baptistery at Florence. Room II .: Venusde'Medici , Laocoon. Room III .: Drunken Faun , Capitoline Venus, Apollo Belvedere, Borghese Gladiator,Diana of Versailles, Venus of Miló . Room IV .: Ægina groups (see p. 148 ),Castor and Pollux , Minerva of Velletri . In the THORVALDSEN MUSEUM models and casts of that great master's works, presented by himself (d .1844 ): Christ, the Apostles, kneeling Angel , Ganymede, Cupid and Psyche,Procession of Alexander; also Canova's Graces , Rauch's statues of Victoria,Michael Angelo's Moses , Rietschel's Pietà. In the DANNECKER CABINET originals and casts by this master ( d. 1841), among which is a celebrated bust of Schiller in marble. The hair was partially inutilated by the master himself when suffering from a fit of mental aberration . Also a room containing numerous Roman inscriptions and sculptures found in Wurtemberg.Distributed throughout the rooms are seven cartoons for Gegenbauer's frescoes in the palace ( see p. 4 ).Picture Gallery on the upper floor ( 700 pictures). 1st Saloon. In the centre * Bathsheba , a statue in marble by Kopf. ( N.) * 4. Giov. Bellini,Pietà; *5. Titian , Mary Magdalene; 8. Tintoretto, Venetian Senator; 10. Titian ,St. Jerome; * 11.Giulio Romano, Madonna della Seggiola; * 12. Pordenone,Judith with the head of Holofernes; * 14. Palma Vecchio , Madonna and saints; 18. P. Veronese , Lady in Venetian costume. ( E.) 24. Bellini,Madonna; * 63. Caravaggio, The Tribute -money. 5. ) 35. C. Dolci, The Virgin; 38. Bellini, Madonna.CABINETS: 1. ( W.) 88. Caravaggio , Soldiers playing dice. II . (W. )134. Palma's School, Three female half - figures; (E.) 103a. A. van Dyck ,Portrait of De Crayer, the painter. III . ( E.) 139. Palma Vecchio , Portrait of a woman; 146. P. Veronese, Madonna; 148. Titian , Madonna; ( W.) 161 .Raphael (copy ) , Portrait. Cabinets IV . and V. contain nothing of im portance. - V1. (W.) * 237. Schick , Apollo among the shepherds; 238.Schick, David playing before Saul; 248. Schick, Noah's sacrifice; (s .) 242.Wächter, Job and his friends; 244. Wächter, Bacchus singing; * 243. Koch ,Landscape after a storm; 245. Reinhart, Italian landscape.2ND SALOON . (N.) 358. Frans Hals , Man with a falcon; * 359. Everdingen , Landscape; 348. Rembrandt, Portrait of an old woman; 344. Kupetzky ( d. 1740) , Portrait of himself with spectacles , the face quite different from different points of view; 339. Van der Baan , Half -length portrait. ( W )332. Rembrandt, Portrait of a boy; 333. Van Dyck , Dead Christ; 327 .Andrea del Sarto, Holy Family; 329. Palma Vecchio, Holy Family; 330 .Guido Reni, St. Sebastian; 324. Fra Bartolommeo, Coronation of the Virgin;។Anlagen. STUTTGART. 2. Route. 7320. Portrait of Mona Lisa , after Leon. da Vinci; 321. Velazquez, Duke of Olivarez and his gardener; 316. Murillo, Portrait of a boy. ( S.) 297. Metsu ,Portrait; 299. Andrea del Sarto , Portrait of the artist Galeazzo Campi;293. Wynbrant van Geest, Dutch domestic scene; 287. Vander Helst, Portrait;284. Titian, Portrait of ' Andrea Doria; 280. Mierevelt, Dutch burgomaster;275. Rembrandt , St. Paul in prison ( 1627 ). (E.) 263. Zurbaran , St. Clara taking the veil; 262. Rubens, Penitent Magdalene; 292. Mierevelt, Portrait .3RD SALOON. Dutch and old German masters , particularly of theschools of Ulm and Augsburg. Several works by Zeitblom; 368, 457. L. Cranach, Portraits; 451. Cranach , Judith; 447. Holbein the Elder, Portrait.( E.) 391. Cranach ,Portrait; 398. Roger van der Weyden, Bathsheba bathing;406. Holbein the Elder, Mocking of Christ. ( S.) 410. Holbein the Elder ,Woman praying; 409. Holbein the Younger, Portrait; various works of Holbein's school; 413. Winged altar-piece, master unknown. In the middle of the room: 670. Brion, Wedding procession in Alsace.CORRIDOR. Small Dutch pictures, etc. (E.) 460. Salv. Rosa, Landscape.(N.) 616. J. le Duc, Guard -room; 487. Teniers, Peasant whistling; 526. G. Dou, Portrait; 547. Ruysdael (? ) , Portrait; 561, 573. Netscher, Portraits.4TH SALOON. Modern Masters. 702. J. Schrader, Shakspeare brought before the justice for deer-stealing; 703. Kirchner, View of Genoa; 698.Ebert, Children bathing; 662. R. Langer, Francesca da Rimini and Paolo,from Dante; *663. C. Häberle , Suppression of the Wurtemberg monastery of Alpirsbach in 1648; 705. Ed. Schleich , Landscape; (W.) 684. Rustige,The Countess of Rudolstadt taking the Duke of Alva prisoner; * 649.B. Neher, Descent from the Cross; 648. Neher, The young man of Nain is raised from the dead; *694. Kaulbach , Battle of Salamis, a sketch in colours; (N.) 659. Rustige, Emp. Otho I. after the conquest of the Danes;678. F. Dietz, Scene outside the gates of Leipsic in 1813; ( E. ) A. Feuer bach , Iphigeneia; 714. Faber du Four, Battle of Champigny; A. Bra Animal- paintings; 660. Riedel , Medea; 704. Schleich , Landscape. TheadjacentCabinets VII. and VIII. also contain modern pictures. In CAB. VII .: 695. Schirmer , Landscape; 675. A. Rethel , Finding of the dead body of Gustavus Adolphus at Lützen; 687. Rottmann , The Hintersee; 707. De fregger, The wounded huntsman; 641. Hetsch, Cornelia, the mother of the Gracchi, with her sons; 626. Andr. Achenbach , Dutch scene; 688. Th . Schütz, Harvest-dinner. – CAB. VIII.: 633. Rottmann, Epidaurus at sunset;

• 664. A. Bäuerle , The orphans; 709. Tiesenhausen ,' View on the Baltic;

639. Gudin , After the storm.On the E. side of the Neckar- Strasse are the * Anlagen , or Schloss Garten . These charming pleasure- grounds, embellished with finegroups of trees, flower-beds, and sheets of water, and extending to a length of about 2 M. (nearly to Cannstatt) , are adorned with modern sculptures in marble.Eight marble statues by the upper pond are copies by Hofer of antiques and modern works (beginning on the side next the palace) . Minerva and Telemachus , after Bienaimé, Venus of Milo and Discus-thrower , Apollo Belvedere and Diana of Versailles , Venus after Canova, and Germanicus (Louvre ). Above the conduit which feeds the pond , on the side next the palace , is a colossal group by Dannecker, representing water and meadow nymphs. Adjacent , in the Botanical Garden: Venus Kallipygos, Venus after Thorvaldsen , Capitoline Venus, Venus of Arles. In thefirst 'Rondel of the main avenue: Count Eberhard and the shepherd ( from Uhland) ,a colossal group by Paul Müller. About 3/4 M. farther on in the main avenue is the Abduction of Hylas ( Pl . 10); 200 paces farther two Horse tamers, both groups by Hofer.The Polytechnic School ( Pl. 35; C, 3) , in the Alleen - Strasse,erected in the Italian Renaissance style by Egle in 1860-65, is oneof the best institutions of the kind in Germany. The façade is em bellished with medallion - portraits of Schinkel , Redtenbacher, Be>8 Route 2.H.STUTTGART. Stadtgarten .SomeLterنارPl .acjabankstreeReinEnglthetrigemanreadableMuscertfor7blinger, and Syrlin . The new wing facing the Stadtgarten was completed from Tritschler's designs in 1879; to the right and left of the door are statues of Dürer and Kepler. Between the Corinthian columns on the upper story are ten allegorical statues representing the professions for which a technical education prepares the stu dent; above are two admirable allegorical representations of Art and Science, by Th . Bechlar of Munich . On the W. side of the Alleen- Platz is the * Stadtgarten (Pl . C, 4),with its well - kept flower - beds , adorned with marble statues ofSilenus with Bacchus , and Fortuna , both copies from the antique by Hofer (admission Sundays 20, week-days 30 pf.; to the concerts on Tues., Thurs., Sat. , and Sun. afternoons, 50 pf.; restaurant).On the W. side of the garden is the Gewerbehalle, or main building of the Exhibition of 1881 , now containing the Exchange ( businesshour 2-3 p.m. ). Adjacent, in the Kanzlei- Strasse , is the new Architectural and Engineering School ( Pl . 9; C , 4) , a handsome edificewith a Mansard roof and fine courts , by Egle. In the LindenStrasse, farther to the W., are the Gymnastic Hall (Pl . 46) and the Garrison Church ( Pl . B, C, 4) , a brick edifice in the round - arch style by Dollinger, with a dome and towers at the angles.In the vicinity is the Liederhalle (Pl . 20; B , 4 ) , the property of a vocal society , with large concert-rooms . The new hall , built by Leins in 1875 , is the largest in Germany, having an area of 1600 sq . yds . In the open vestibule facing the garden are plastermodels of the statues of Schiller at Marbach and Uhland at Tübin gen . The garden (open to the public) contains a colossal bust of Uhland in bronze , and marble busts of G. Schwab and * FranzSchubert.The Museum of Wurtemberg Antiquities , Kronen-Strasse 20 (Sun. 11-12.30 and 2-4, Wed. 1.30-4, free; other days and hours ,fee) includes a fine Collection of Porcelain. The Collection of the Wurtemberg Antiquarian Society has lately been incorporated with this museum .The Industrial Museum (in the Legionscaserne , Pl . 30; C,D , 6) , a very comprehensive collection of Wurtemberg products (upwards of 40,000 specimens), is open during the usual business hours, and on Sundays and holidays from 10.30 a.m. to 12.30 p.m. (admission gratis) . Connected with the Museum (entrance by the court) are an Art-Library, with a large stock of artistic and technical works , and an Educational Collection of Industrial Products.On the exterior of the choir of the late-Gothic Church of St. Leonhard (Pl . 17; E, 6) is a Mt. Calvary, a fine sculpture of the 15th century. In the late-Gothic Spitalkirche ( Pl. 15; 0,5) , erected in 1471-93 , and restored in 1841, is a model of Dannecker's large marble statue of Christ (p . 100) . The cloisters contain the tomb of Reuchlin (d . 1522) , the erudite friend of Melanchthon. In the vicin ity is the Synagogue (Pl . 44) , in the Moorish style, with two handGnaCenyseve& SLpict>uyГianc10HedaethStHasenberg. STUTTGART. 2. Route. 9some domes ,> erected in 1861. In the Feuersee (Pl . B, 7 ) , farther to the S.W. , is the handsome modern * Church of St. John, built by Leins in the Gothic style, and occupying an admirable site; the interior is richly painted . - In the vicinity, at the corner of the Böblinger- Str. , stands the new Roman Catholic * Marienkirche (P1, C, 7, 8 ), an early -Gothie edifice with two towers, by Egle. The adjacent suburb of Heslach possesses a new Romanesque church by Wolff.Among the other Modern Buildings of Stuttgart the follow ing are the finest: the Post Office (p . 3) , by Tritschler; the Vereins bank near it , by Gnauth; the Deutsche Reichsbank in the same street ( Friedrichs-Str., No. 22), by Beyer; the * Villa Siegle in the Reinsburg - Str., by Gnauth; the English Church in the Olga-Strasse, English Gothic, by Wagner; the imposing Public Schools, between the Schloss- Str. and Kasernen - Str. and Lange-Str. 57; the Lud wigsspital ' Charlottenhilfe', Lindenspür-Str.; the Office of the Com mandant, in the Goethe- Str. , etc. The Museum (Pl . 28; D, 5) , the property of a club , containsreading-rooms , restaurant, &c . (introduction by a member, avail able for one month ). The * Silberburg- Garten, belonging to the Museum , is a pleasant resort at the S.W. end of the town (con erts on Thurs., and dancing once a fortnight in summer; tickets for strangers at the hotels). In the grounds below the Silberburg is a marble bust of E. Mörike, the poet , by Rösch .In the Fangelsbach Cemetery stands the War Memorial, designed by Gnauth , and representing Germania dispensing wreaths. The CentralCemetery , on the Prag ( p. 2) , containing a Gothic burial chapel and several handsome mausoleums, commands a beautiful view .An * EXCURSION TO THE HASENBERG BY THE NEW GÄU RAILWAY will be found interesting (seats should be taken to the left ). On quitting the station , the line ( for Böblingen , Freudenstadt , etc .; see p . 23) describes a sharp curve round the brick -works on the Prag- Aecker, and then runs southward in the direction of the vine- clad Kriegsberg, which juts out prominently into the valley. The gradient is very steep, amounting to 1 in 52 ft. A tunnel , 590 yds . long, is soon passed through, and we obtain to the left an unexpected * View of the town, with the domeof the new garrison- church rising conspicuously in the foreground , and the picturesque chain of hills opposite. The train continues to ascend the slopes of the valley , passing through gardens and vineyards, and describing a wide circle round the town. The view increases in attraction as agreater elevation is attained. After 20 min . the Vogelsang- Thal is crossed by a viaduct 130 ft. in height, and the train stops at the station on the Hasenberg ( 1210 ft. above the sea, 394 ft. above the station at Stuttgart),which lies at the corner of the wood. This point commands an extensive view of the town , the valley of the Neckar , and the Wurtemberg low lands. Still finer views are obtained from the * Jägerhaus ( Restaurant),and from the (°/4 hr. ) stone * Belvedere Tower, 130 ft. in height, erected in 1879: the view extends as far as the Wartthurm at Heilbronn and the Melibocus; to the s . the entire chain of the Swabian Alb, with the Hohenstaufen , Rechberg, Neuffen , Achalm , and Hohenzollern. From the Jägerhaus through the woods to the Gais- Eiche, 1/4 hr. The direct path from the Jägerhaus to Stuttgart descends abruptly in 20-25 min ., passing on the right the reservoir of the new aqueduct and the Reinsburg, with the Karls-Linde , a hill affording a fine view , immediately to the S. of Stuttgart. - To reach the town from the Hasenberg station we first follow10 Route 2 . CANNSTATT. Stuttgartthe new and winding Rothebühl- Strasse, partly laid out in avenues, and then the Schloss -Strasse , which descends in a wide curve to the Palace .The Feuerbacher Heide, 1/2 M. to the N.W. of the town, is another point of interest. To reach it we may either proceed bythe Herdweg,past Nill's Garten ( p .3 ), or by the interesting little railway village ',consisting of the dwellings of the railway officials. By the poplars , 3/4 M. to the N.E. of the nearer summit , stands the Weissenhof, an inn and restaurant with a garden . In returning we may choose the upper road by the Galgensteige, or the new road passing the Central Cemetery.Charming walk through the Charlotten -Strasse and Gaisburg -Strasse to the * Uhlandshöhe (1/2 hr. ). The route commands a series of lovely views of Stuttgart and the valley of the Neckar, the finest points being the pavilion at the top and ' Uhland's Lime-tree'. A similar point is the Schillerhöhe, on the Bopser, outside the Wilhelmsthor, reached by the Neue Weinsteige , a continuation of the Olga-Strasse , commanding beautiful and varied views during the winding ascent . - The * Burgholz , 4°/2 M. from Stuttgart and 21/4 M. from Cannstatt (refreshments at the Burg holzhof ) affords a striking view up the valley of the Neckar.a>Cannstatt (* Hôtel Hermann , cards of admission for the various royal palaces; Vier Jahreszeiten, Hôtel Merz , both at the station;Restaurants Weissinger, Rössle, Krone) , a town with 16 ,205 inhab. ,situated at the extremity of the Anlagen , 21/4 M. from the Palace at Stuttgart, is a favourite resort of the citizens. Tramway and carriages, see p . 3. The railway ( 8 min. ) penetrates the Rosenstein ( see below ) by a tunnel 450 yds . long, and crosses the Neckar. AtCannstatt the Neckar becomes navigable . The warm saline and cha lybeate springs attract a number of patients, while the mildness of the climate , the pleasant situation of the town , and the educa tional advantages it affords , have contributed to render it a favourite residence for strangers . The terrace and garden of the Hôtel Her mann and the Cursaal ( concerts frequently at both) afford pleasant and fashionable afternoon lounges . The Cursaal , on the Sulzerain ,with the Wilhelmsbrunnen , the most important of the mineral springs , is the chief morning rendez-vous of visitors . A whey-cure establishment, a restaurant, a reading- room , the Karl- Olga-Bad, and a Trinkhalle are immediately adjacent. An avenue of chestnuts leadsfrom the Sulzerain to the Wilhelmsbad (see below) . Near the Cur saal is a bronze Equestrian Statue of King William I. (d . 1864) ,by Halbig, erected in 1875. In the Uffkirchhof is the grave ofFerdinand Freiligrath, the poet ( d . 1876) , marked by a bronze bust by Donndorf.SANITARY ESTABLISHMENTS. That of Dr. Veiel is for cutaneous diseases .Sanitary calisthenic establishments of Dr. Tritschler and Hofrath v . Ebner .That of Dr. Ruehle for nervous and mental affections . Dr. Naedelin'sinstitution for female disorders . Dr. Fischer's sanitary establishment , at Wilhelmsbad. PRIVATE Schools: Prof. Kleemann , Dr. Klose, Hr. Hirsch ,Frl. Abele and Dietter , etc. * POPULAR FESTIVAL , with exhibitions,races, etc. , beginning on 28th Sept., and lasting 3-7 days.The Sprudel, welling forth like that of Carlsbad , and other mineral springs on the island between Cannstatt and the village of Berg (Grüner Hof; sion Funk ) , on the left bank of theNeckar, have given rise to a number of bath - houses (e . g . Leuze'sand Environs. WILHELMA. 2. Route. 117aInselbad , where a band plays at 6 a.m. ) . On a slight eminenceabove the village rises the modern Gothic church , built by Gaab in 1855, with an elegant open tower . The “ Stuttgarter Mineralbad'( inn ), situated at the tramway terminus at the extremity of the village, contains a swimming-bath and a pleasant garden ( favourite open-air theatre; tramway back to Stuttgart after the performance ).There is a another swimming-bath on the Neckar near the HôtelHermann .The Royal Villa , on the neighbouring eminence , a modern Renaissance building , built by Leins in 1846-53 , and surrounded with gardens and hot-houses, commands a charming view . Tickets of admission obtained at the office of the Obersthofmeister, at the Alte Schloss (ground -floor, 8-9 a.m .; see p . 5 ).In the interior the Carnival and October Festival at Rome, two large pictures by Müller; then, Nicaise de Keyser , Daughter of Jairus; Kaminski,old beggar with his son; Bohn, All Souls' Day, and Solitude; Tenerani,Psyche in a sitting posture. In the garden statues of the four seasons by Kopf, and busts in bronze of Nicholas, Emperor of Russia, and his consort,by Rauch.The Rosenstein , a villa in the Roman style on the adjacent hill , with colonnades, built in 1823-29, is also accessible by ticket as above ( fee ).Statuary in the interior: Wagner , Pan and Bacchante; A. Wold', En chantress kneeling; in the chief saloon , with frieze by Weitbrecht, represent ing rural occupations: Wagner, Psyche and Ganymede; Dannecker, Cupid;Tenerani, Venus holding a bow; Hofer, Cupid breaking his bow; Rosetti,Esmeralda teaching her goat to read.The best Pictures are arranged in nine rooms on the N. side of the building (catalogue to be obtained of the steward): 10. Hetsch, Female head; 13, 14. C. Vernet, Sea - pieces; 24. Palma Vecchio, Petrarch and Laura;25. Domenichino, Cleopatra; 35. Correggio (?) , Susanna; 40. P. Bordone,Pomona; 61, 62. Backhuizen , Cattle; 63. De Keyser, Raphael's Fornarina;65. Neher, Roman ' Pifferari'; 72. Calame , Landscape; 77. A. Werner,Palace of the Doges at Venice; 82. Van Hoove, Palace at the Hague; 88 .Schelfhout, Sea-piece; 94. Riedel, Girl making wreaths; 97. Bamberger, Sor rento; 98. Riedel, Peasant-woman of Nettuno; 100. Ebert, Lago di Garda;112. Müller, Faust and Helen; H. Vernet, 119. Prayer in the desert, 121 .Post of the desert; 123. G.Bohn, St. Elizabeth; 127. Guf'ens, Two Italian women; 184. Steuben , Esmeralda; 137. Gegenbauer, Shepherd and flute player; 140. Rottmann, Messina; 141. Peters, Mömpelgard; 149. Feuerbach,Roman woman; 152. Funk, Schloss Tirol; 153. Calame, The Lake of Brienz;158. Gegenbaur, Italian woman; 162. Maes, Neapolitan woman praying;166. Gurlitt, Ácropolis; 171. Peters, Château Misox on the Bernardino.Also Frescoes by Dietrich, History of Bacchus; and by Gegenbaur, Olympus (in the dome) .At the N. base of the hill is the * Wilhelma, an edifice in the Moorish style , erected for King William I. in 1842-51, and com pleted shortly before his death (tickets , see p . 5; fee ).The first building which the visitor reaches in the well-kept gardens is the Festsaalbau , containing a single saloon sumptuously fitted up . Itis connected by means of circular colonnades with two Pavilions (that to the right contains a Picture Gallery , of Oriental subjects only, including two works by Horace Vernet) and with the Chateau itself on the upper terrace . In the centre of the latter is the audience-chamber, on the right a drawing-room , on the left the king's study. There are also bedrooms ,dressing-rooms , and a bath - room (with a fine stalactite ceiling) .The2>>12 Route 2. SOLITUDE.tasteful decorations of the different apartments in various styles were chiefly executed by artists of Stuttgart . At the back of the château several other terraces rise to the plateau of the hill, on the summit of which is a Belvedere, another structure in the Moorish style surmounted by adome, and commanding a charming view. The lower terraces within the colonnades are embellished with beautiful flower- beds , fountains , andgroups of animals in marble and bronze by Hofer.At Hohenheim , another royal château, 6 M. to the S. of Stutt gart, erected by Duke Charles in 1768, there is an admirable agricul tural school . Extensive view from the top . A visit may also bepaid on the same day to the model - farms of Klein -Hohenheim ,Scharnhausen , and Weil (with a considerable stud) . Permission to inspect them is obtained at the office of the royal domains in Stutt gart, Friedrichs- Str. 26. Weil is 11/2 M. from Esslingen ( p. 15) .Near stat . Untertürkheim (p . 15) rises the Rothenberg ( 1350 ft .),where King William (d . 1864) erected a Greek chapel , on the site of the ancient ancestral castle of the princes of Wurtemberg, to serve as a mausoleum for his consort Queen Catharine (d . 1819), a Russian princess, and himself. In the interior the four Evangelists by Dan necker , and other sculptures . Service on Sundays in accordance with the Greek ritual. Beautiful view. Instead of the steep, stony,and shadeless ascent from Untertürkheim , we may choose the routefrom Obertürkheim (see below), either by Uhlbach or direct, which is but little longer and very much pleasanter. A still more extensive prospect is obtained from the Katharinen -Linde, about 1/2 hr.higher up, towards the S. E. Charming walk hence to (3 M.) Ess lingen (p . 15).Obertürkheim ( Ochse; rail . stat. , p. 15) , with the oppositevillage of Wangen (Krone), is another favourite point for excur sions from Stuttgart. A footpath leads from Stuttgart through thewoods direct to Wangen in 1/2 hr. , commanding beautiful views of the city in ascending, and of the Neckarthal in descending .The Solitude, 6 M. to the W. of the city , built in 1767 by Duke Charles, was in 1770-75 the seat of the Carls - Schule, where Schiller received the rudiments of his education , before its trans ference to Stuttgart ( p . 5) . Schiller's father was inspector of the gardens here. The grounds and park command an extensive prospect, including the dome of the Schloss . A whey- cure establish ment at the Solitude attracts visitors in summer. In the vicinity isa well-stocked deer-park , with the ' Bärenschlösschen' (a shooting box) and the Bären - See. Deer fed at 11 a.m. , wild boars at 6 p.m.(cards of adm , at the office of the royal chasse , in the Academy at Stuttgart). Kornthal, 41/2 M. from the Solitude (rail . , see p . 2) , is the seatof a sect resembling the Moravians, and like them possessing severalgood schools. The *Inn belonging to the community is well- knownfor its wines (Cape of Good Hope, Jerusalem , etc. ).Ludwigsburg ( Bär ), a dull town with 16,100 inhab . , 9 M. to the N. of Stuttgart ( reached by railway in 1/2 hr .), is the military depôt2..PFORZHEIM . 3. Route. 13of Wurtemberg , and contains an arsenal , gun -foundry, barracks ,military schools, &c. It was founded at the beginning of last century by Duke Eberhard Ludwig (d.1733) , whose statue adorns the market place , as a rival of Stuttgart, and was considerably extended by Duke Charles, who resided here in 1764-85. The streets are broad and regularly built. The Palace, which contains 460 rooms and agallery of the portraits of sovereigns of Wurtemberg, is surrounded by extensive , well-kept grounds. The balcony of the Emichsburg ,an artificial ruin , commands a fine view . A subterranean vault con tains a representation in wax of Count Emich , an ancestor of the royal House of Wurtemberg, carousing with a Capuchin . In the cel lar is a Cask with a capacity of 20,000 gallons. At the S.E. ex tremity of the Schloss-Garten is the Churchyard , containing Dan necker's monument to Count Zeppelin (d . 1801 ) , the minister of King Frederick , erected by order of the latter.The N. prolongation of the grounds is the Favoriten - Park,connected by an avenue of poplars with the ( 11/2 M. ) Seegut ( or Monrepos), a royal château with an admirably managed farm .Marbach (Post) , a small town on a height on the right bank of the Neckar, about 6 M. to the N.E. of Ludwigsburg, was the birthplace of Schiller ( b. 10th Nov. , 1759; d . 9th May, 1805) . The house in which he was born was purchased by subscription in 1859, and has been restored as far as possible to its original condition . It contains various reminiscences of the illustrious poet . Close to the town is the Schillerhöhe, a park commanding a beautiful view , and contain ing a colossal bronze * Statue of Schiller, by Rau, erected in 1876.The viaduct which carries the line across the Neckar from Backnang to Bietigheim (p. 43) is an interesting specimen of railway engi neering.3. From Stuttgart to Wildbad.511/2 M. RAILWAY viâ Pforzheim in 3-4 hrs.; fares 6 m .70 . , 4 m . 45 , 2m. 85 pf., express 7 m. 70, 5 m . 45 pf. ( viâ Calw in 41/2 hrs., see p . 2 ). From Stuttgart to ( 29 M.) Mühlacker, see p. 2. Beyond (311/2 M.)Enzberg the line enters the dominions of Baden , and crosses the Enz. 33 M. Niefern; 35 M. Eutingen .371/2 M. Pforzheim (810 ft.; * Hôtel Autenrieth; Schwarzer Adler; Rappen ), a busy , manufacturing town, lies at the confluence of the Enz, the Würm , and the Nagold ( 24,000 inhab . ) . The staple commodities are gold and silver wares, in producing which 10,000 workmen are employed. Near the station is the * Schlosskirche,erected in the 12th- 15th centuries.Inthe choirare the statues of the Margraves Ernest (d. 1604 ), Jacob ( d. 1590 ), and Carl II. (d. 1577). Carl II. was the first prince of this line who embraced the reformed faith . Then the statue of his wife Kuni gunde , graving of Brandenburg (d. 1558 ); Countess Palatine Anna ( d . 1587); Margr. Albert of Brandenburg , celebrated for his . numerous campaigns, who died here ( in 1557) under the imperial ban; also Margr.214 Route 3 .WILDBAD.Bernhard (d . 1553) . On a large sarcophagus are the recumbent figures of Margr. Ernest ( d. 1558 ) and his wife Ursula ( d . 1538 ). Beneath a Gothic covering is the bust of the Grand Duke Charles Frederick ( d . 1811 ) .The market- place is embellished with a Statue of MargraveErnest (d . 1558 ) , the founder of the extinct ' Baden - Durlach Ernestine' line .FROMPFORZHEIM to Calw , 17 M. , railway in 1 / 2-3/4 hr. ( fare 2 m. 20,1 m . 45, 95 pf. ). The train diverges to the left from the Wildbad line at Brötzingen , the first station (see below) , crosses the Enz, penetrates the water shed between the Enz and the Nagold by means of a tunnel, 490 yds. long,and enters the beautiful wooded Nagoldthal. After passing through an other tunnel the train stops at stat . Weissenstein ( " Sonne), commanded by a picturesque ruined castle. then traverses the Zelgenberg Tunnel, whichis 560 yds. in length , and near stat . Unterreichenbach crosses the Nagold.12 M. Liebenzell ( Unteres Bad; Oberes Bad), a watering-place with warmsprings of long established repute, pleasantly situated, and overlooked by a ruined castle . 141/2 M. Hirsau (Hirsch; Schwan ) , with a celebrated ruined monastery (the original Benedictine convent, founded in 830, was destroyed by Melac in 1692) . 17 M. Calw. From Calw to Stuttgart, gee p. 2; to Horb , see p . 2.From PFORZHEIM TO DURLACH ( Carlsruhe), 16 M., railway in 1 hr. ( fares 2 m. 50 , 1 m. 70, 1 m. 10 pf. ) . The line skirts the N. slopes of the Black Forest Mts. and traverses the fertile valley of the Pfinz. Stations Ispringen,Ersingen , Königsbach , Wilferdingen (Krone), Söllingen , Berghausen, Grötzingen (junction for Bretten and Heilbronn , p . 42). At Durlach ( Carlsburg ), atown of 7474 inhab . , the train reaches the Baden main line; see Bae deker's Rhine .The railway to Wildbad continues to follow the picturesque green valley of the Enz. 39 M. Brötzingen; 401/2 M. Birkenfeld .431/2 M. Neuenbürg ( Post) is a picturesquely situated town, the greater part of which was rebuilt after a fire in 1783. Above it , on awooded eminence skirted by the Enz, rises the Schloss, erected by Duke Christopher in 1658 on the site of an older building, and now the seat of the authorities of the district . Adjacent is the so-called Fruchtspeicher , the ruins of a castle with some Roman remains.The train crosses the Enz , passes beneath the Schlossberg, and then recrosses the river. 46 M. Rothenbach; 48 M. Höfen; 49 M. Calm bach (*Sonne) , with a handsome modern church. 511/2 M. Wildbad. Hotels. "BAD- HÔTEL; * BELLEVUE; * KLUMPP,or BÄR , charges at these, R. 2-3 m. , D. 3-5 m.; * HÔTEL FREY; KEIM , D. 2 m .; HÔTEL DE RUSSIE; Ross; KRONE. Also several Hotels Garnis and lodging-houses. Beer at Mick's. Visitors' Tax for a stay of a weekor more, 8 m.Wildbad ( 1476 ft . ), a celebrated watering-place (3600 inhab . ) ,situated in the narrow , pine-clad ravine of the Enz, possesses warm alkaline springs , used as a cure for gout and rheumatism . The greater part of the town lies on the right bank of the Enz, whilethe station is at the lower end of it on the left bank . In the Cur platz, at the end of the Haupt-Strasse , are the handsome new Curhaus or Bad-Hôtel , with reading and ball rooms and a café (music 8-9 a.m. and 6-7 p.m. ) , and the large Badgebäude, with its ad mirably equipped baths. The Springs ( 90-100° Fahr.) rise in the baths themselves , and their efficacy is chiefly ascribed to theirbeing thus used in a fresh and natural condition at the fountain2ESSLINGEN . 4. Route . 15head . Most of the patients (about 6500 annually ) prefer the system of bathing in common, as at Leuk in Switzerland . There are threewell-arranged public baths for each sex ( 1 m. ) , as well as a num ber of private baths ( 1 m. 80 pf. ) . Between the Enz and theBellevue Hotel stands the new Trinkhalle , a tasteful iron struc ture in the Renaissance style, with a band - pavilion in the centre .The new Katharinenstift, a bath for the poor, is a building in the round-arch style. There are pleasant walks and grounds on both sides of the village , on the banks of the Enz; on the S. ( upper)side past the new Roman Catholic church as far as the (1 M.) Wind hof, a café; on the N. (lower) side to the (1 M.) garden "Zum kühlen Brunnen ', a favourite resort .EXCURSIONS . A road ascends the Enzthal to (71/2 M.) Enzklösterle (Wald horn) , see Baedeker's Rhine. By the small Wildsee , which traditionhas peopled with water -sprites , to the Kaltenbrunn shooting-lodge (* Inn ),9 M .; thence to the Hohtohthurm (3625 ft . ), a fine point of view , ' /4 hr.Tó (41/2 M.) Eyachmühl, ( 21/4 M.) Dobel, and (3 M.) Herrenalb .The following is a very interesting excursion for a whole day (one horse carr. 9 , two-horse 14-15 m .), and is alsorecommendedto pedestrians.Viâ Calmbach ( see above) to (21/4 M. ) Reichenbach ( Löwe) . Thence, leaving the main road, by a by- road to ( 6 M. ) Röthenbach (view of Hohenzollern from the height as the village is approached; carriages should be sent on from this point to Teinach ), and ( 21/4 M. ) Zavelstein ( Lamm) , with apicturesque ruined castle, the tower of which commands an extensive view .Descent to ( 11/2 M.) Teinach ( p. 2); thence down to the ( 1 M.) Nagoldthal ,and by Kentheim to ( 3 M.) Calw (p. 2; also railway from this point); then (1/2 M.) Hirsau, and (33/4 M.) Liebenzell (p. 14) . Thence back to Wildbad by Schömberg and Calmbach .4. From Stuttgart to Friedrichshafen .123 M. RAILWAY to Ulm in 21/4-4 , to Friedrichshafen in 6-8 hrs .; fares 15 m. 85, 10 m. 50,6 m .75 pf. ( express 18 m.5, 12 m. 70 pf. ) . The line skirts the Anlagen , passes through the Rosenstein Tunnel, and crosses the Neckar to (21/2 M.) Cannstatt (p. 10) . Fine view of Cannstatt and the valley of the Neckar, in the distance the Swabian Alb; retrospect of the Royal Villa, the Rosenstein , and the Wilhelma with its gilded dome . 5 M. Untertürkheim , at the foot of the Rothenberg (p . 12); 6 M. Obertürkheim (p. 12). This districtis one of the most beautiful and fertile in Swabia. The train crossesthe Neckar and reaches 9 M. Esslingen (* Hôtel Pfähler zur Krone ), prettily situated on the Neckar, with 16,600 inhab . (including the suburbs 21,500) ,once one of the most important of the free imperial cities , and still partly surrounded by walls . It was founded by the Emp. Frederick II .in 1216. Sparkling Neckar-wine is largely manufactured here .Kessler's Machine- factory is the most extensive in Wurtemberg.Other branches of industry also flourish at Esslingen .In the market-place is the church of St. Dionysius, a basilica in the transition style , founded in the 11th cent . , and partly altered in the 14th and 15th , which possesses a fine screen and ciborium of 1486, St. Paul's Church , also in the market, in the16 Route 4 . GÖPPINGEN. From Stuttgart>-early- Gothic style , was completed in 1268 , and is now used by the Roman Catholics. Opposite the present town-hall , which was ori ginally the palace of Count Alexander of Wurtemberg, the poet, is the Old Rathhaus, erected in 1430 and formerly known as the 'Stei nerne Haus' . It is surmounted by the imperial eagle under a gilded balcony , and the vane on the turret is also in the form of an eagle .Farther on in the same direction is the Wolfsthor, on which the lion of the Hohenstaufen is still to be seen hewn in stone .The most commanding building in the town is the fine late Gothic * Liebfrauenkirche, erected in 1406-1522 and restored by Egle in 1862. Admirable reliefs on the three portals, especially that ofthe Last Judgment on the S. Portal. The interior, with its slendercolumns, contains some fine stained-glass windows . Adjacent to theorganı - loft are the tombstones of Hans and Matthæus Böblinger,two of the architects of the church . Fine perforated tower , com pleted in 1520, 247 ft. in height; beautiful view from the top .The once imperial castle of Perfried above the town commands avery fine view . The Maille , an island in the Neckar laid out as a promenade, is embellished with a bronze bust of Carl Pfaff,the historian .On quitting Esslingen the train recrosses the Neckar. 14 M. Plochingen ( Waldhorn; Krone) lies near the confluence of the Fils andNeckar. Upper Neckar Railway to Tübingen and Rottweil, see R. 5 .The line now follows the Fils (comp . Map , p . 26 ). 17 M. Reichenbach; 20 M. Ebersbach . On a height near (23 M.) Uihingen rises the château of Filseck; on the river lies Faurndau, formerly a Benedictine monastery, with an ancient Romanesque church .The conical Hohenstaufen (p . 26) , the loftiest and most conspicuous spur of the Alb , now becomes visible to the left. The village of Staufen, 20 min. walk from the summit, is 5 M. from Göppingen;one- horse carr. in 11/2 hr . , 4 m. , two - horse 5 m.26 M. Göppingen (* Apostel; * Post), a well-built modern town with 10,850 inhab . , re - erected after a fire in 1782 , containsseveral weaving factories. The government- buildings were formerly a ducal castle , erected by Duke Christopher in 1562 with the stones of the ancient castle of Hohenstaufen . At the S.W. corner of thecourt an artistically-hewn spiral stone staircase ( “ Traubenstieg', vine stair) ascends to the tower. About 41/2 M. to the S. lie the bathsof Boll .281/2 M. Eislingen (to the left the Hohenstaufen and the Rech berg with its chapel , p . 26). To the N. , opposite (31 M.) Süssen (pp. 26, 45) , rises the round tower of the ruined Staufeneck. About 3 M. to the S. of (331/2 M.) Gingen rises the Kuchalb, a mountain spur commanding an extensive view (rustic inn) . To the right ap pear the long ranges of the Alb; to the left, on an eminence, are the rugged ruins of Scharfeneck . To the E. is the Eibachthal with thevillage of Eibach and a château of Count Degenfeld .21..1? .I .. 한 7CD ULM .TORS[13.800KarlsHeumaganplatz Pabrik Meter .hoGeniedirection 1.Gouvernement 2. 3.HospitalD.3 .D.3 .D.3 . Dante TERhörle bredHahBahnhof2Kirchen . Minster 4. D.3.5.Dreifaltigk6.WengenkircB.2Kornhaus 7.8.Nacer Bar B.3 .9.Oberunt D.2 . 10.Oberumtsb.2 .0.312. Readanstalt C.3 . Regierung 13. A.2 .14. Stadtbibliothek15Theater .D.2OrthausTürkRathhani .PussstedLaL Moer BahnhofLagerhausVinsterplattalegMün AUS DOLLSGlobal SHATI TospitalvarSUNAdlerbastet93 AnkerBacau2VERSITES obeTestingsSchopperplätzeKaserne banholkützenstra000agodaBalmhoffriedenSefirSartGasthöfe .a.Mussischer Hofb.Europäischer Hof Kronprinz c.Bamstark d.Lowe e.4.2.A.2D.3 .B.3 .B.2.KaserneWtheTygThothceinGernhundetThewhicwhere30oftheforclose toandthenthehighcalled ( sable,abotheSwabiwooded lithence weby the Raleads by R.Ilofty spuThe 1tain, adniew of theIngerThakit thewe as61.)Wiestwicedaicomp.:Geislin 1552.to Friedrichshafen . ULM . 4. Route . 1738 M. Geislingen (Post, moderate), a busy town in a narrow ravine at the base of the Alb , where bone and ivory wares are carved and turned. The late-Gothic Marienkirche, founded in 1424 ,contains choir - stalls carved by Jörg Syrlin the Younger (1512) . On a rock above the town rises the tower of Helfenstein , destroyedin 1552.Geislingen is a good starting- point for a visit to the SWABIAN ALB (comp. p. 26) . We ascend the valley of the Fils on foot or by diligence (twice daily, in 23/4 hrs. ) to Bad Veberkingen , (31/2 M.) Deggingen , and (5 M.) Wiesensteig ( Post ). About 3/4 M. beyond' Deggingen we see to the left the baths of Ditzenbach , with a chalybeate spring. From Wiesen steig we ascend on foot to the (3/4 hr. ) * Reussenstein , a picturesque ruined castle on a precipitous rock , commanding a charming view of the Neid linger - Thal. We then proceed along the ridge to the (1/2 hr.) Heimen stein , a dark, rocky hollow , a few paces below which we obtain a fine view of the Reussenstein and the valley . From the Heimenstein our route leads by Randeck and Ochsenwang (Inn , rustic) to the ( 1 hr . ) * Breitenstein ,a lofty spur of the Alb Mts., descending precipitously to the plain . Then by the Rauberhof and the ruins of the Rauberburg to the (1 hr .) Teck,whence we descend to Owen (p. 27) .The line quits the Filsthal and ascends the Geislinger Steig, awooded limestone hill , in which fossils abound, to the tableland of the Swabian Alb (R. 7 ), the watershed between the Neckar (which falls into the Rhine) and the Danube . The ascent is very consider able , about 350 ft. in 3 M. ( 1:45 ). Far below, to the right , isthe high - road. The train crosses the Rauhe Alb, as this lofty plain is called (stations Amstetten , Lonsee , Westerstetten , Beimerstetten),and then descends into the valley of the Danube. The outworks of the fortifications of Ulm soon become visible . The train passesclose to the (r.) Wilhelmsburg , the citadel of Ulm , on the spot where 30,000 Austrians under General Mack , when surrounded by the French after the battle of Elchingen (p . 46) , surrendered as prisoners of war.581/2 M. Ulm . Hotels: RUSSISCHER HOF (Pl . a) , at the station ,R. from 2 m ., B. 1 m. , D. 21/2 m ., A. 50 pf.; HÔTEL DE L'EUROPE ( Pl. b) ,to the left of the station , R. 11/2 m. , B. 75 , A.50 pf. - In the town: * KRON PRINZ (Pl. C); BAUMSTARK (Pl. d ); GOLDENER LÖWE (Pl. e); HIRSCH; PE TERSBURGER HOF. - Restaurant on the Wilhelmshöhe, a fine point of view.Beer at th Württemberger Hof, Platzgasse; Strauss , Hirsch - Strasse;Beer Saloon near the chief guard -house.Ulm (1204 ft . ), with 32,773 inhab ., formerly a free imperial city of great importance, as its external aspect still indicates , and from 1842 to 1866 a fortress of the Germanic Confederation , hasbelonged to Wurtemberg since 1810 (garrison 5000) . It lies on the left bank of the Danube, which is here joined by the Blau, augmented by the Iller above the town, and from this point downwards is navig able. The river is the boundary between Wurtemberg and Bavaria ,to which Neu - Ulm on the opposite bank belongs .The *MÜNSTER (Prot .; Pl. 4) , a church with double aisles,founded in 1377, and built at intervals down to the beginning of the 16th cent., but still uncompleted, is one of thefinest Gothic cathedrals in Germany. The massive and beautifully decorated * Tower in theBAEDEKER'S S. Germany. 5th Edit. 2>18 Route 4 . ULM. From Stuttgartcentre of the W. façade, with the magnificent triple vestibule between the projecting buttresses , is a most imposing structure , 334 ft. in height ( projected height 495 ft. ). It commands an extensive view from the Sentis to the Zugspitze , while the Alps of Glarus are also visible in clear weather . The work of perfecting and restoring the structure has been in progress since 1843. The buttresses along the whole length of the church have been finished , the towers of the choir have been rebuilt, and the principal tower is to be com pleted as soon as possible .The INTERIOR originally consisted of a nave with two aisles , all of equal breadth , but in 1507 the latter were divided by slender round pillars and covered with star vaulting , so as to form four aisles . The church is the largest in Germany , after the cathedral of Cologne (length 139 yds. , width 55 yds.; nave 141 ft ., aisles 72 ft . in height) . The sculpturing on the portals is worthy of inspection. On the principal W. portal are the Creation , the Fall , Apostles , etc .; on the S.W. side - portal the Last Judgment; on the S.E. side- portal the history of Mary. The principal W. entrance first leads to the Vestibule of the Nave, erected in 1851, with good modern stained glass and the magnificent Organ , the largest in Germany , built in 1856 (100 stops) . _By the second pillar of the nave is the * Pulpit , executed by Burkhard Engelberger about 1500 , the * Cover beautifully carved in wood by J. Syrlin in 1510. Farther on, to the left of the entrance to the choir , is the * Ciborium of 1469 , 93 ft. in height,beautifully sculptured in stone by the 'Master of Weingarten' . Above the triumphal arch is a large fresco of the Last Judgment, attributed to Her lin (? 1470 ) , and till lately concealed by the whitewash . The * Choir Stalls, by Jörg Syrlin the Elder, 1469-1474 , whose bust adjoins the shrine of the saint , are boldly carved'in oak. The busts on the N. side below embody paganism , the relief-busts Judaism , above which is Christianity in the pointed arches. On the S. side are Sibyls below women of theOld Testament in the middle and women of the New Testament above.High altar by M. Schaffner (1521). Fine old stained glass in the choir of 1480. The s. aisle contains the octagonal Font, with bustsof prophets,mottoes, and armorial bearings , by Syrlin the Elder ( 1470 ). On the walls and pillars are numerous escutcheons of Swabian families. The octagonal Holy Water Basin round the E. pillar is in the late -Gothic style, by Burkhard Engelberger ( 1507 ). The S. ( Besserer`s) Chapel contains a beautiful portrait of Eitel Besserer by Martin Schaffner ( 1516 ). The Sacristy contains adelicately - executed * Altar- piece of 1484 , attributed to M. Schön. Thesacristan lives on the right side of the principal entrance ( fee 70 pf. -1 m. ).In the market is situated the Rathhaus (Pl . 11 ) , erected at the beginning of the 16th cent . in the transition style from late-Gothic to Renaissance. Handsome hall on the 3rd floor. Remains of fres coes of the 16th cent. on the exterior . The Fischkasten , a beautiful fountain at the S.E. corner, is by Syrlin the Elder ( 1482 ).A little to the W. is the Neue Bau (Pl. 8), erected in 1591 on the site of an old imperialpalace, and now containing government offices. The quadrangle , decorated in sgraffito , contains a fountain in the centre with St. Elizabeth . An old patrician dwellinghouse in the Taubengasse has lately been fitted up as an Industrial Museum , containing ancient sculptures in stone and wood , works in iron , Renaissance furniture , early German and other paintings,engravings , drawings, etc. The Stone Bridge at the beginning of the Hirsch - Strasse affords a picturesque survey of the Blau , en closed by mediæval wooden houses.to Friedrichshafen . BIBERACH . 4. Route. 19p . 158 ).FROM ULMto Kempten, 541/2 M., railway in 3 hrs. ( fares 7 m. 5 , 4 m .70 pf. , 3 m. ). Stations Neu - Ulm , Senden ( junction for Weissenhorn ). To the right, on the opposite bank of the Iller, lies Ober- Kirchberg, with a châ teau of Prince Fugger. The line now follows the course of the Iller.Stat. Voehringen. At stat . Illertissen ( Hirsch) is a well- preserved castle, said to be of Roman origin. Near stat. Altenstadt the extensive château of Illereichen . Stations Kellmünz, Fellheim , Heimertingen. Then (33 M. ) Mem mingen ( * Bairischer Hof; Falke), an old town with 8400 inhab. , a free city of the Empire down to 1802, and still partly surrounded by walls.Hops are extensively cultivated here. The principal church contains 67 * Choir-stalls, carved in the richest late-Gothic style , and dating from the close of the 15th cent., probably by Jörg Syrlin (branch-line to Buchloe,- Stations Grönenbach (the village 1 M. from the station ) , Diet mannsried, Kempten (p. 158 ).From Ulm to Aalen , see p. 46; to Sigmaringen and Radolfzel , see R. 9.The line now ascends for a short distance on the left bank ofthe Danube , and passes the influx of the Iller . 63 M. Einsingen .At (65 M.) Erbach is a château of Baron Ulm . The as yet insignificant Danube is now crossed , and a flat and uninteresting district tra versed . Stations Risstissen ( with the château and park of Baron Staufenberg ), Laupheim , Schemmerberg, Langenschemmern, Wart hausen ( with the château of Herr v . König ).811/2 M. Biberach (Deutscher Kaiser and Württemberg. Hof atthe station; Ente; Post; Rad), with 7500 inhab . , once a free townof the Empire, is still surrounded by walls and towers . Wieland ,who was born (1733) in the neighbouring village of Ober -Holzheim ,held a civil appointment here in 1760-69.The country now becomes more attractive, and part of it is pictur esquely wooded. 841/2 M. Ummendorf; 86 M. Schweinhausen; 89 M. Essendorf; 931/2 M. Schussenried, with the district lunatic asylum.At (97M. ) Aulendorf (* Löwe)is the château of CountKönigsegg, with deer- park and garden commanding a fine view of the distant Alps.FROM AULENDORF To Isny, 35 M. , railway in 2 hrs. ( fares 4 m. 60, 3 m .5, 1 m. 95 pf.). 5 M. Waldsee, picturesquely situated between two small lakes , with a Schloss and Gothic church (15th cent.). Next stations Ross berg, Wolfegg (with a château of Prince Waldburg -Wolfegg) , Kisslegg (junction for Wangen ), Leutkirch (a manufacturing town with 2400 inhab. ),Friesenhofen. Then Isny, chief town of a district of the same name, pictur esquely situated on the Argen ( fine carved altar in the Protestant church of St. Nicholas). The line is being prolonged to Memmingen.FROM AULENDORF TO HERBERTINGEN, 17 M., by a branch - line in 1 hr.( fares 2 m. 25 , 1 m. 50pf. , 1 m.) . Stations Altshausen (to Pfullendorf and Schwakenreute, see p . 36 ) and Saulgau , a small town with an interesting Gothic church . At stat. Herbertingen the line enters the broad valley of the Danube (see p. 36 ).The line now follows the course of the small river Schussen ,which is occasionally visible as the train proceeds towards Friedrichs hafen . The churches in Upper Swabia are frequently roofed with zinc. The population is Roman Catholic. 101 M.Durlesbach; 104 M. Mochenwangen. To the left beyond (107 M.) Niederbiegen rises the old Benedictine abbey of Weingarten , with its three towers, founded in 1053 by the Guelphs, and now used as barracks. Pilgrimages are still made to the church . Towards the S. the Sentis and other mountains of Appenzell come in view .12 *20 Route 4 . FRIEDRICHSHAFEN.1101/2 M. Ravensburg (1456 ft .; Post), an ancient town with 10,500 inhab . , surrounded by vine-clad heights , once subject to the Guelphs , then to the Hohenstaufen , and finally a free town of the empire, still preserves a picturesque, mediæval exterior , and is surrounded by pinnacled walls and towers of various forms. The most slender of the latter is termed the Mehlsack ( “ sack of flour').The Protestant church, restored in 1862, is a good Gothic structure,with fine modern stained-glass windows.The Veitsburg ( 1719 ft .), 1/4 hr. from the town , commands an exten sive prospect, embracing the Lake of Constance , the Alps of Appenzell and of the Vorarlberg. A still finer point of view is the *Waldburg( 2520 ft .), 1 hr. to the E. , the well-preserved ancestral castle of the family of that name (“ Truchsess von Waldburg').Beyond Ravensburg another glimpse of the Alps is obtained .The line traverses parts of the Seewald. 1131/2 M. Oberzell; 116 M. Meckenbeuern . Tettnang, with the extensive château of the extinct Counts of Montfort, lies to the left . The Lake of Constance now soon becomes visible .123 M. Friedrichshafen . Hotels. * KÖNIG VON WÜRTTEMBERG,1/4 M. to the N. of the station, recommended for a prolonged stay; *KRONE,with garden, on the lake; SONNE . * Leuthy's Restaurant.The train goes on from the station to the quay, whence steamers ply 4-5 times daily to the chief places on the lake.Friedrichshafen (1320 ft.), a busy commercial place of modern origin , with 3100 inhab ., and a harbour, as its name indicates, was founded by King Frederick of Wurtemberg, who connected Buchhorn ,the most diminutive of ' imperial cities' , with the monastery of Hofen , now the palace , and gave the place its modern name. The Palace contains a few pictures by modern Wurtemberg masters, such as Gegenbaur and Pflug. A pavilion in the palace- garden commands a charming prospect . The historical , prehistorical , and natural history collections of the Bodensee Verein , in the old Hôtel Belle vue, deserve a visit. The lake-baths attract numerous visitors insummer. On the bank is the Kurhalle, with pleasant grounds.Lake of Constance and steamboats upon it, see pp. 39, 160.75. From Stuttgart to Tübingen and Horb.Comp. Map, p. 26.64 M. RAILWAY in 41/4 hrs. ( fares 8 m . 35 , 5 m. 55 , 3 m. 55 pf. ); express in 23/4 hrs. ( fares 9 m. 50 , 6 m. 70, 4 m. 70 pf.).To ( 14 M.) Plochingen , see R. 4. 181/2 M. Unterboihingen. To the right in the valley, near Köngen , the Neckar is crossed by avery ancient stone bridge , from which Duke Ulrich is said to have leaped in 1516 in order to escape from the troops of the Swabian League by whom he was pursued . Branch - line to Kirchheim unter Teck (p . 27) . To the left rise the Alb Mts . , in the centre of which is the Hohenneuffen with its imposing ruins (p . 27). 221/2 M. Nür tingen (Krone) , a manufacturing town (pop. 5370) on the right bank of the Neckar; 25 M. Neckarthailfingen. The line now quitsTÜBINGEN. 5. Route. 21>the Neckar for some distance. Near ( 28 M. ) Bempflingen, fine views of the Alb , in which Teck and Hohenneuffen (p. 27) are the most conspicuous points, are obtained to the left .From (30 M. ) Metzingen (* Sprandel, at the station; Grüner Baum ) a branch - line diverges to Dettingen and (61/2 M.) Urach (p . 28 ). The Erms is crossed here. The * Floriansberg ( 1598 ft . ),21/4 M. to the N.E. , commands a beautiful view . 331/2 M. Sondel fingen . The line sweeps round the Achalm (p . 29) and reaches 36 M. Reutlingen (* Kronprinz; * Ochs, in the market- place;Lamm , at the station ), once a free imperial town , an industrial place , with 16,600 inhab . , on the Echaz, the water of which is con ducted through all the streets . Some of the old houses are picturesque.The ancient ramparts and fosses have been converted into long,well-built streets . In front of the station is a monument to Frederick List ( d. 1846), the eminent political economist, who was born here,in a house in the Wilhelms-Strasse ( indicated by a tablet). The Gothic (Prot.) * Church of St. Mary, the finest in Wurtemberg , was erected 1272-1343 , and restored in 1844 , on which occasion some very early frescoes were discovered in the baptistery. The *Font of 1499 is admirably and richly sculptured in stone; the reliefs in the niches represent the Baptism of Christ and the Seven Sacraments .The * Holy Sepulchre in the nave (about 1480) is also highly interest ing. The sacristan's house adjoins the W. portal , on the S. side .

• Lucas's Pomological Institution and the Refuges of Pastor Werner merit a visit . Excursion to Schloss Lichtenstein , see p . 29.

38 M. Betzingen is much frequented by artists in summer on account of the picturesque costumes of the people . At (401/2 M.)Kirchentellinsfurt the line crosses the Echaz and re- enters the valley of the Neckar. To the right Lustnau, with a fine church ,45 M. Tübingen ( Traube, R. 1-11/2 m. , D. 1 m . 20 , B. 75 pf.; Lamm; Goldner Ochse, near the station , indifferent ), with 11,800 inhab. , situated on the slopes of a hill on the Neckar, possesses a university, founded by Duke Eberhard in 1477, the theological and medical faculties of which enjoy a high reputation (1000 stu dents) . Melanchthon was a lecturer here before he was moned to Wittenberg . The Stift, a Protestant seminary with about 100 pupils , founded in 1537 by Duke Ulrich, is established in an old Augustinian convent. The Roman Catholic Wilhelmsstift, with 130 students, occupies the Collegium Illustre , which was founded in 1587 as a school for sons of the nobility . The Town Hall was erected in 1508 and restored in 1877. The house looking down on the Neckar bridge was the residence of Ludwig Uhland , who died here in 1862. Near the station, on the ' Wöhrd' , is a bronze * Statue of the poet, by Kietz , erected in 1873. His grave in the cemetery is marked by a monument of granite .The late-Gothic Stiftskirche, erected 1470-1529, contains some fine old stained glass in the *Choir, and twelve monuments with rem.suma22 Route 5 . ROTTENBURG .>>cumbent stone figures , chiefly ofWurtemberg princes, among whom are Duke Eberhard im Bart (d . 1496) , the founder of the university , and Duke Ulrich (a . 1550) . An old German winged picture here was painted by Lazarus Bertsch in 1574.The lower part of the town is unattractive . The University,Hospital, and other important buildings are in the new and handsome Wilhelms- Strasse in the E. part of the town . The university possesses a picture - gallery ( containing a Correggio and a Murillo ) and other collections, among which that of Fossils, in the old building nextto the Stiftskirche , deserves attention . It contains a fine ichthyo saurus, 24 ft. in length . The Botanical Garden contains a Monument in honour of the poet Hölderlin , presented to the univer sity by the sculptor Andresen in 1881.The spacious Schloss, situated on a hill commanding the town,erected by Duke Ulrich in the Renaissance style in 1535 , with arichly decorated portal (outer entrance) of 1603 , contains the ad mirably arranged library, the observatory, the chemical laboratory,and a collection of casts . The cellars , which contain an immensecask , a deep well formerly descending to the Neckar , and some torture - chambers, are shown to visitors . Fine *View from the small bastion at the back of the Schloss (reached from the court of the Schloss by the low passage behind the well); also from the Oester berg opposite the Schloss .From Tübingen to Hohenzollern and Sigmaringen, see R. 8.About 3 M. to the N. of Tübingen, on the old Stuttgart road, lies the well- preserved Cistercian monastery of Bebenhausen, founded in 1183, one of the finest Gothic structures in Swabia. The building was tastefully re stored in 1873-75 , and is now used as a royal hunting- residence . The summer-refectory with a collection of ancient arms and armour , the winter- refectory with its Gobelins , and the present dining- hall with its collection of majolica ( over 300 pieces), are all worthy of inspection . The beautiful cloisters date from 1460-1496 . Restaurant on the high - road.On a height ( 1562 ft . ) , to the N.W. , rises the ( 11/4 hr. ) Wurmlinger Capelle, commanding a very extensive prospect. Its praises have been sung by Uhland and other poets. (The chapel may be reached by apleasant path through the wood from the Schloss at Tübingen , following the top of the hill.) To the left , at the platform / M. beyond the bastion, a view is obtained of the Hohenzollern .48 M. Kilchberg. 511/2 M. Rottenburg ( Bär; Kaiser ),ancient town ( 7100 inhab . ) picturesquely situated on the Neckar,and connected by two bridges with the suburb of Ehingen , is anepiscopal see . The late- Gothic Church of St. Martin should be inspected . The Bischofshof, formerly a Jesuit monastery , contains acollection of Roman antiquities found in the Roman station of Sumelocenna , which once stood here . The inmates of the new Prison are employed in the manufacture of silk . Hops are exten sively grown here .The railway crosses the Neckar and follows the left bank of theriver. Vineyards gradually give way to pine- forest. 531/2 M. Nie dernau . The baths of that name lie in a valley on the oppositebank of the Neckar . The line now crosses the Neckar, and nearanBÖBLINGEN . 6. Route. 23(55 M.) Bieringen the Starzel . To the right beyond a long tunnel rises the château of Weilerburg , with its handsome tower , commanding a fine view . On a pine- clad eminence to the left of ( 591/2 M.) Eyach stands the ruin of Frondeck .In the Eyachthal, 21/2 M. to the S., lie the prettily situated chaly beate baths of Imnau (* Badhaus , R. 1-2 m . , ' pens.' 2'm . 10 pf. to 2 m.80 pf.) , which are chiefly visited by ladies. The bath establishment iswell fitted up , and contains mineral , pine- cone, saline, Turkish, and va pour baths . Pretty walks and excursions . Omnibus, etc. , in waiting at stat. Eyach.62M.Mühlen . 64 M. Horb. From Horb to Stuttgart viâ Böb lingen , and to Schaffhausen viâ Immendingen , see R. 6; to Calw and Pforzheim , see pp. 2 and 14; to Freudenstadt, see below .6. From Stuttgart to Böblingen and Schaffhausen .123 M. RAILWAY. Express in 53/4 hrs. ( fares 15 m. 80 , 9 m . 50, 6 m.30 pf.). This railway forms the most direct line of communication from Stuttgart to Central Switzerland (express from Stuttgart to Zürich in 73/4 hrs ., with through -carriages), and to the Baden Oberland (see below ).From Stuttgart to (5 M.) the station on the Hasenberg, see p. 9 .Just beyond the station the train penetrates a spur of the Hasenbergby a sbort tunnel, and then ascends (1: 100), high above the suburb of Heslach and the gradually contracting valley. Pretty views to the left. The line leads through the woods on the Heslacher Wand,and is carried across three deep gorges by means of lofty embank ments. At (9 M. ) Vaihingen , the train reaches the culminating point of the Filder, the fertile upland plain to the S. of Stuttgart.( Hohenheim , p . 12, lies 6 M. to the E.) In the background rise the summits of the Swabian Alb . The Schönbuchwald is now traversed to (151/2 M.) Böblingen ( Waldhorn; Bär ) , an old Wurtemberg town of some importance, with an ancient castle , pleasantly situated on two large ponds. It possesses extensive sugar-works and con siderable weaving- factories. The * Waldburg, a popular restaurant,1/2 M.above the town , with a wooded park , commands a beautiful view , embracing the Swabian Alb.19 M. Ehningen , where the Würm is crossed; 23 M. Nufringen .251/2 M. Herrenberg ( Post) , another old Wurtemberg town, lying in the midst of the fertile Gäu (fine view from the Schlossberg) .The undulating district now traversed by the railway offers no points of special interest. 28 M. Nebringen; 31 M. Bondorf;331/2 M. Ergenzingen; 36 M. Eutingen , the junction of the line to Calw and Pforzheim (p . 2) .FROM EUTINGEN TO FREUDENSTADT, 181/2 M. , railway in 11/2 hr.; fares 2 m . 40, 1 m. 60 pf. , 1 m. ( from Stuttgart in 23/4-4 hrs .; fares 7m. 5, 4 m.70 pf., 3 m . ). The line turns to the right , and as far as ( 21/2 M. ) Hoch dorf coincides with the Nagold railway (p. 2) . It then ascends steadily and enters the Black Forest. Stations: Altheim , Bittelbronn , Schopfloch,Dornstetten. The valleys of the Kübelbach and Aach are crossed by lofty viaducts . Then181/2 M. (54 M. from Stuttgart) Freudenstadt (* Schwarzwald Hotel, at the station , suitable for a prolonged stay; Post or Löwe; Linde , good224 Route 6 .HORB. From StuttgartTheBAY SPAsongen.zvenkasstazzling2. a 3Thelinewith 330mainonthestatining the TThe liwine) , a loftily -situated Wurtemberg town (5947 inhab .) , the capital of adistrict , founded in 1599 by Protestant refugees from Styria, Carinthia,and Moravia. For the present it forms the terminus of the railway. Apoint about 1/2 M. from the town , near the Roman Catholic church , com mands a * View of the Swabian Alb , Hohenzollern , etc. The railway is to be prolonged from Freudenstadt to Alpirsbach and Hausach (see Baedeker's Rhine) . Good roads lead from Freudenstadt overthe Kniebis to Oppenau on the W. , and through the Murgthal to Gernsbach and Wildbad (p. 14) on the N. The train now descends the narrow valley of Mühlen and crosses the Neckar.42 M. Horb ( Zum Kaiser; Krone; Post ) , a well-built town on the left bank of the Neckar, the seat of the district- authorities, with a large church in the transition style . On the bill an ancientwatch-tower and a pilgrimage - chapel.Railway by Tübingen and Plochingen to Stuttgart , see R. 5.The train follows the broad and smiling valley, and for a short distance traverses Prussian territory. 46 M. Neckarhausen . The river is now crossed , and the valley contracts . To the N. above Fischingen rises the extensive ruin of Wehrstein . 50 M. Sulz (Wald horn) , a small town of picturesque appearance , and conspicuous from a considerable distance, with disused salt-works and a Gothic church . Then a tunnel , to the left beyond which rises the ruin of Geroldseck on an isolated eminence. Near (56 M.) Aistaig pleasant glimpses of the valley are enjoyed . 58 M. Oberndorf (Post; Hirsch),a prosperous village on the right in the valley. The old Augustinianmonastery is now a gun - factory.Diligence hence twice daily in 23/4 hrs. to Schramberg, and in 21/2 hrs.to Alpirsbach, see Baedeker's Rhine.61 M. Epfendorf; 64 M. Thalhausen . The journey hence to Rott weil is the most interesting part of the route . The line is carriedover four bridges and through four tunnels , and finally passes by along tunnel through the hill on which Rottweil is situated . The station , where there is an extensive engine - factory , is 1/2 M. from the town. _The saline springs of Wilhelmshall lie 11/2 M. to the S. 68 M. Rottweil (* Wilder Mann, or AltePost; Lamm; Neue Post;Rail. Restaurant, D. with wine 2 m. 80 pf. ), an ancient town (6000 inhab . ) with well- preserved walls and towers , was a free town of the Empire and the seat of an imperial court of justice down to 1802. The *Heilig -Kreuz-Kirche, a fineGothic structure ( 12th - 14th cent . )has been restored by Heideloff. The Kapellenkirche, with its fine Gothic tower of 1374, was entirely remodelled at the beginning of last century . Some good carvings on the S. side and in the panels of the doors are the sole relics of the original structure. The Chapel of St. Lawrence in the old cemetery contains a collection of mediæ val carvings , chiefly of the Upper Swabian school . In the centre is a mosaic from a Roman bath , representing Orpheus. The Hoch thurm ( 148 ft . ) , a substantial structure of solid masonry , rising from the highest part of the town on the W. side , commands an exten sive view .Danube.mingen.aschingerTheDarbe2TheVLOThetafra:TheeVWMETears WtamanLop. Aat theto Schaffhausen . TUTTLINGEN . 6. Route. 257>FROMROTTWEIL TO VILLINGEN , 17 M., railway in 1 hr. ( fares 2 m .20, 1 m. 45, 95 pf. ). Stations Deisslingen, Trossingen, Schwenningen ( the source of the Neckar is 3 M. to the S. ) . A lofty plain , the watershed between the Rhine and Danube, is next traversed . Beyond stat. Marbach the line descends the Brigachthal to Villingen (see Baedeker's Rhine).The line crosses the Neckar and enters the broad Primthal. Tothe left several picturesque glimpses of the Hardt, Linsenberg, and other spurs of the Alb. 721/2 M. Neufra. The line ascends, and then traverses a high-lying, well-cultivated plain , called the Baar . 75 M. Aldingen . To the left rises the long Heuberg ( 2894 ft . ) , with the Dreifaltigkeitskirche on the nearest peak, adjacent to which is a bel vedere tower ( ascended from Spaichingen in 11/4 hr.; splendid * Pa norama). To the right in the distance is the flattened cone of the Hohenkarpfen. 77/2 M. Spaichingen (*Alte Post; Neue Post) , astraggling village . 80/2 M. Rietheim. 821/2 M.Wurmlingen (Belle vue) , a small town on the Faulenbach , 1/2 M. from the railway .The line describes a long curve, and crosses the Danube.851/2 M.Tuttlingen ( Post; Hecht; Müller, at the station) , a town with 8300 inhab . , re-erected since a fire in 1803, lies on a broad plain on the right bank of the Danube, and is 3/4 M. distant from the station . Above it rise the ruins of the Honburg, destroyed dur ing the Thirty Years' War, commanding a pleasant view .The line continues to traverse the broad and fertile valley of the Danube, which it crosses by an iron bridge near ( 1101/2 M. ) Möh ringen . 92 M. Immendingen (Falke) is the junction for Donau eschingen ( see Baedeker's Rhine).The railway again crosses the Danube , gradually ascends its S. bank, penetrates the hill which forms the watershed between theDanube and Rhine by means of deep cuttings and a tunnel , and descends to (95 M.) Hattingen ( Hauser). After a farther descent through deep cuttings, a long tunnel, and over lofty viaducts, the line runs along the high E. slopes of the hills . 99 M. Thalmühle .The wooded Valley of Engen is now descended to ( 102 M.) Engen ,an ancient little town, where the mountains are quitted .The railway now skirts the Höhgau , a group of volcanic peaks ,the highest of which, the Hohenhöfen ( 2854 ft.), rises to the W. of ( 1031/2 M.) Welschingen . 106 M. Mühlhausen . 107 M. Hohenkrähenlies at the foot of a bold rock (2116 ft.) of that name, crowned with fragments of a ruined castle . 1101/2 M. Singen (* Krone, 1/2 M. from the station) lies at the base of the Hohentwiel.The fortress of “ Hohentwiel ( 2273 ft.) , a small ' enclave' of Wurtem berg in the Höhgau, rises on a lofty and detached volcanic cone, 3/4 M. to the N.W. of Singen (31/2 M. from the station) . It was defended with success by the Wurtemberg commandant Wiederholt during the Thirty Years' War. In 1800 it was destroyed bythe French. The imposing ruins command a superb view of theLake of Constance, the Tyrolese Alps , and those of Switzerland as far as Mont Blanc. Indicator and telescope at the top . A guide , the key , and a ticket for the tower (40 pf. ) are procured at the * Inn halfway up.114 M. Gottmadingen; 1171/2 M. Thayingen; 120 M. Herblingen .26 Route 7 . HOHENSTAUFEN .Swabian Alb .123 M. Schaffhausen (* Krone, R. 21/2 fr .; * Riese, Rheinischer Hof, Hôtel Müller, all three near the station; * Post; *Railway Restaurant) is a picturesque old Swiss town (12,000 inhab .) on the right bank of the Rhine, formerly a free town of the Empire, and now the capital of the Canton of that name . The Fäsenstaub,a pleasant promenade , embellished with a statue of the historian , Johannes von Müller ( d . 1809) , a native of Schaffhausen , com mands a fine view of the Rhine and the Alps .The " Falls OF THE RHINE are most conveniently visited by proceeding by railway from Schaffhausen to stat. Neuhausen , 21/2 M. distant. See Bae deker's Switzerland .7. The Swabian Alb .This district, forming the central part of Swabia , is a wooded range of limestone mountains, intersected by picturesque valleys , bounded on the W. by the Black Forest , on the N. by the valley of the Neckar, and on the s. by the Danube. The portion adjoining the Danube , a lofty and sterile plain , is appropriately termed the RAUHE ALB (i.e. bleak , incle ment) . The mountains on the side towards the Neckar are picturesquely grouped, affording numerous views , and the valleys are luxuriantly fertile and partly clothed with fine beech - forest , while many of the towns are antiquated and interesting. Inns generally good and inexpensive . Pedes trians desirous of deviating from the usual route of tourists will find many attractions in this district.The most interesting points , which may visited in five days , are:Rechberg and Hohenstaufen , the Lenninger Thal and the Teck, Hohenneuffen ,the Uracher Thal, Reutlingen with the Achalm , the Honauer Thal and Lichtenstein , Tübingen, Hohenzollern .First Day. By the first train from Stuttgart to Gmünd (p . 45) .Thence by a good road (on which the omnibus to Süssen runs, see p . 45) to the (4 M.) summit of the upper * Rechberg (2316 ft. ).On the broad plateau of the mountain stands a much frequented pilgrimage -chapel ( refreshments at the parsonage , but no quarters for the night). The view is preferred by many to that from the Hohenstaufen . It embraces a wide tract of fertile and undulating country, sprinkled with towns and villages, stretching to the N. as far as the Welzheimer Wald , from the old - fashioned town of Gmünd in the foreground to the distant Ellwangen . To the W. ,beyond the old castle of Rechberg , rise the Hohenstaufen and the Black Forest Mts.; towards the S.W. extend the mountain ranges of the Swabian Alb; and in clear weather the Tyrolese and Swiss Alps are distinguishable towards the S.E. and S. The traveller now proceeds to visit the ruins of the castle ofHohenrechberg (burned down in 1865) , situated on the lower peak of the mountain . Thence by a path , which cannot be mistaken,along the crest of the hill in 11/2 hr. to the village of Hohenstaufen (*Ochs, rustic, but clean; Lamm) , situated on the slopes of the * Hohenstaufen (2237 ft . ) , to which a path ascends from the village in 20 minutes. Near this path is a small Church , now partly restored, the sole relic of the epoch of the Imperial House of Hohenstaufen ( sacristan , who lives in the vicinity, small fee ).T

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Swabian Alb . LENNINGER THAL . 7. Route, 27The gable was restored in 1859 and adorned with the imperial eagle ,surrounded by the names of the emperors of this illustrious family ( 1138 1254 ), which became extinct by the premature death of the ill- fated Con radin in Italy. Above are the armorial bearings of the seven ancient electorates of Germany; beneath, those of the former kingdom of Jerusa lem; then those of the other countries ( Burgundy, Holland, Denmark , Po land, Sardinia , Naples, &c . ) over which the emperors held supremacy. On the N. wall is an old fresco, almost obliterated, of Frederick Barbarossa,with inscription , probably of the 16th cent. , recording that the emperor,'amor bonorum , terror malorum ', was in the habit of entering the church by this door (now walled up) .Of the ancient castle on the summit of the hill scarcely a trace is left; it was destroyed during the War of the Peasants in 1525,and the stones were afterwards employed in constructing the castle at Göppingen (p . 16) . Extensive prospect .A pleasant road, traversing woods for a considerable way, leads from the village of Hohenstaufen to (51/2 M.) Göppingen (rail . stat . , p. 16 ) . Thence by evening-train viâ Plochingen and Unter boihingen ( p . 20) to Kirchheim unter Teck (Post; Löwe) , a small town possessing a handsome palace , and prettily situated in the Lauter thal in the midst of the Alb Mts . The night should be spent here .Active pedestrians should walk from the village of Hohenstaufen to ( 11/4 hr.) Eislingen ( p. 16 ), take the train to ( 3/4 hr. ) Geislingen , and walk thence by Wiesensteig to Owen (comp. p . 17 ).SECOND Day. Excursion to the * Lenninger Thal, one of the most beautiful in the Alb, extending 12 M. to Gutenberg , a verypleasant drive . From Owen (*Post or Krone , moderate) , a small town about halfway to Gutenberg , with a handsome restored Go thic church , the traveller should ascend ( in 1 hr . ) to the ruined castle of *Teck (2552 ft . ), the ancestral residence of the Dukes of Teck (picturesque view; the “Sibyllenloch' is a lofty grotto on the brink of the rock on the W.) . On an imposing rock near Ober- Lenningen rise the remnants of the Wielandstein . From Gutenberg the pedestrian should proceed by Schlattstall and Grabenstetten (with guide) to the Beuren Rock and Hohenneuffen ( in 3 hrs . ) , without descending into the valley (carriages drive by Owen and Beuren to Neuffen ).The * Beurener Fels , or Rock of Beuren (ascended by a good path from Owen or from Beuren in 1 hr. ) , is a prominent mass of rock commanding a beautiful view of the plains of Wurtemberg ( Black Forest, Melibocus , Donnersberg, &c . , in the background ).Hence across the elevated plateau by Erkenbrechtsweiler in 1 hr. to .

• Hohenneuffen (2398 ft .), a conical and conspicuous height ,

crowned by the imposing ruins of an ancient stronghold, demolished as unsafe in 1802. Fineview with charming foreground ( restaurant at the ruins in summer).Urach may be reached hence in 21/2 hrs . by traversing the table land and passing the village of Hülben, without descending into the valley . It is pleasanter, however, to descend by a good path through the wood to the cheerful town of Neuffen (Hirsch) . Thence28 Route 7 . HOHEN- URACH.Swabian Alb .over the Sattelbogen in 11/2 hr . to Dettingen in the Urach valley ( p. 21), and by train in 1/4 hr. to Urach . Of the three last-mention ed points of view, Teck may best be omitted where time is limited . THIRD Day. Urach ( 1510 ft .; * Post) is an old -fashioned little town . The Church of St. Amandus was built in 1472, and the mon astery in 1477 by Count Eberhard im Bart , whose confessional inthe church is adorned with good carving. The church also contains a beautiful font, executed in 1518 by Christoph of Urach. In the Schloss , erected in 1443 , partly of wood , is a hall , called the " Goldene Saal, containing reminiscences of the Counts, afterwards Dukes of Wurtemberg . The fine Gothic Fountain in the market place dates from the same period as the ‘ Fischkasten' at Ulm (p . 18).Railway to Metzingen in 31 min . , see p . 21 .The * Uracher Thal from Dettingen to Seeburg , 6 M. above Urach, vies in beauty with the valley of Lenningen; the slopes are richly clad with beech - forest. Near Dettingen rises the conspicuous Rossberg (2572 ft . ); farther up, the Kugelberg, in a side-valley on the right; then Hohen - Urach and the Thiergartenberg .Beyond Urach the road ascends by the course of the Erms, with its numerous mills , into the Seeburger Thal, a picturesque, rocky,and well-wooded valley . Above the Georgenau rises the ruined Hohenwittlingen , beneath which is the fine stalactite cavern of Schillingsloch. Farther on , the ruins of Baldeck . In the upper and wildest part of the valley , between lofty walls of rock , lies the small village of Seeburg. The Erms, though only 50 yds , from its source,drives a mill here. The excursion from Urach to Seeburg is best made in an open carriage (one-horse carr . there and back about 21/2 m. ) .The most attractive excursion from Urach is to (3/4 hr. ) Hohen Urach (2138 ft . ) and to the waterfall. The summit is crowned with extensive ruins and affords a good view, but is inferior in interest to the Hohenneuffen . Beneath the second gateway of the castle , tothe left , is the chamber in which the ill - fated poet Frischlin was imprisoned; in attempting to escape he was dashed to pieces on the rocks below (1590) . A path through beautiful beech -wood leads hence to (1/2 hr.) a grassy terrace , from which the * Waterfall of Urach is precipitated to a depth of 80 ft. By retracing our steps from the castle to the ( 10 min .) last finger - post ( ‘ Auf die Festung')and proceeding a few paces to the right, we reach another finger post, whence one path leads straight on to the top of the fall, an other to the right to the foot of it . The best point of view at the foot of the fall has been named the ‘Olga- Ruhe', in commemoration of a visit of the Queen of Wurtemberg. The trains stop if desired at the entrance to the lateral valley containing the fall.Hence back to Urach in 1/2 hr.From Urach the traveller may proceed by railway viâ Dettingen and Metzingen (p. 21 ) to Reutlingen ( in 47 min . ). Pedestrians

Swabian Alb . LICHTENSTEIN . 7. Route. 29.should select the far more attractive route over the hills ( 3 hrs . ,guide desirable ). On their return from the waterfall, they should turn at the base of the Kugelberg into the other branch of the side - valley, to Güterstein, formerly a Carthusian monastery, now astud - establishment; then a steep ascent by the " Wasserweg' toSt. Johann ( Inn, fair ); or direct thither from the waterfall by the zigzag path to the right. On leaving the wood at the ( 1/2 hr . ) top of the hill , the path leads straight on past a stone hut called the Rutschenhof. The traveller should, however, first follow the slope to the right as far as the boundary - stone, where he will obtain acharming view of the peaceful valley , with Hohen - Urach, Hohen neuffen , and Teck, one of the finest prospects in the Swabian Alb.From the stone hut to St. Johann , 3/4 hr . From St. Johann in20 min . more the *Grüne Felsen ( “ green rock’; 2651 ft. ) , a delight ful point of view, is reached: we first follow the path indicated by a finger - post as leading to Glems , and almost immediately reachanother notice - board on a tree to the right . From St. Johann apretty path descends to Eningen (* Bazlen ) , a busy manufacturing market- town at the base of the Achalm, and to Reutlingen ( p. 21 ) .Fourth Day. From Reutlingen to the summit of the * Achalm ( 2300 ft.), an isolated mountain, about halfway up which a sheep farm of the king of Wurtemberg is situated . The sheep, 600 in number, find excellent pasture on the higher slopes of the moun tain . On the summit a lofty tower with a huge vane. Admirable *View: Tübingen Castle , Lichtenstein , entire chain of the Alb,Hohenneuffen , Rechberg , and Hohenstaufen; picturesque fore ground , below the spectator Reutlingen , to the S. Eningen . The carriage - road to the Achalm, diverging from the Metzingen and Urach road , is much longer than the footpath , by which the summit is easily attained in 11/4 hr.: from the post- office the Garten-Strasse (10 min. ) is ascended to the left, at the end of it to the left again;in 10 min . the base of the mountain is reached , and the path passes under a bridge; after 3 min. , an ascent to the left towards the sheep -farm , which is attained in 1/4 hr .; thence by winding paths to the summit in 1/2 hr. Key of the tower (40 pf. ) kept at the farm;view from the foot of the tower almost as good as from the top .Delightful excursion from Reutlingen, one of the most attractive in Swabia, to Schloss * Lichtenstein (2985 ft .), or the ' Schlösschen ',3 hrs. to the S. of Reutlingen . This modern château , erected in 1842 by Count William of Wurtemberg , Duke of Urach (d . 1869) ,stands on an isolated , rocky peak , rising 850 ft. above the Honau valley (shown to strangers by cards of admission obtained at thepalace of the duch*ess of Urach , in the Neckar-Strasse at Stuttgart).The road , flanked by numerous fruit - trees , traverses a manu facturing district , and leads to Pfullingen (Hirsch) , with two paper-mills , Unterhausen ( Adler), Oberhausen (Krone ), and (6 M.)Honau ( * Brewery; two-horse carr. from rail . stat . Reutlingen to30 Route 7 . NEBELHÖHLE.Honau 10 m. and gratuity) . To reach the castle we now retrace our steps for about 60 yds . , then diverge to the left , passing betweenhouses and ascending over a meadow; after 5 min . we enter abeech-wood and then follow a steep but well-kept zigzag path to (1/2 hr . ) the castle. Or we may drive as far as Oberhausen only,and then ascend to the right by a good carriage-road on the wooded W. slope . After 1/2 hr. the road is quitted at a cutting in the rock ,a few steps are ascended to the left, and after 8 min . in a straight direction the forester's house is reached ( refreshments), adjoining the entrance to the castle ,The castle is approached by a drawbridge, by which a cleft in the rock is crossed. The interior is tastefully fitted up in the mediæval style ,and adorned with a number of fine old German pictures of the Swabian school by Wohlgemuth , Holbein , Schön , &c . There are also numerousantiquities, weapons, and suits of armour, but the principal attraction is the * View obtained from the lofty tower ( 129 ft . ) . In fine weather, to the S. beyond the plateau of the Alb , the Swiss and Tyrolese Alps are visible, the Glärnisch, Churfirsten, Sentis, Vorarlberg Mts . , and Zugspitze; to the N. , far below , the picturesque green Honauer Thal, through which the Echaz 'andthe Albstrasse wind; beyond it the Achalm and the extensive plain. Even the Königsstuhl at Heidelberg is said to be visible . On a projecting rock outside the château the count has erected a monument to the novelist Hauff (d. 1827), by whose pen the old castle of Lichtenstein has been immortalised.TheNebelhöhle, a stalactite grotto, 200 yds. long and 75 ft. high, 3 M. to the W. of Lichtenstein , is frequently visited , but the brilliancy of the stalactites has been sullied by the smoke of the torches. Adm. 35 pf.each person , guide 1 m ., each torch 45 pf. , Bengal fire 50 pf.; key and guides at the Krone at Oberhausen . A national festival is held here on Whitmonday.The Carlshöhle, near Erpfingen , 2 hrs. walk from Pfullingen (see above),is a more interesting grotto , the stalactites being still uninjured . A carriage road leads through the Honauer Thal , ascends the Honauer Steige , and passes Engstingen; carriages can drive almost to the grotto. The principal curiosity here is the resemblance of the stalactite formations to Gothic architecture, human figures, etc. Near the entrance are two boxes filled with human and bears' bones. In returning , the route by Lichtensteinto Pfullingen (6 M.) should be selected.In the evening by railway (p . 21) from Reutlingen to Tübingen in 1/2 hr .FIFTH Day. From Tübingen (p . 21) to the Hohenzollern and to Sigmaringen , see R. 8.8. From Tübingen to Hechingen and Sigmaringen .Comp. Map, p. 26.54 M. RAILWAY in 3/4 hrs.; fares 7 m. 5, 4 m. 70 pf., 3 m. Tübingen , see p . 21. The Hohenzollern Railway diverges to the left at the station , and sweeps in a wide curve through the Steinlachthal , which dotted with numerous well- built villages ,and supports a sturdy and robust race of peasants (picturesque costume ) . To the left are the small Bläsibad and the round Bläsiberg, with an old chapel of St. Blasius. The Steinlach is crossed near (5 M.) Dusslingen . The picturesquely - formed hills of the Swabian Alb on the left are now more closely approached; theHECHINGEN. 8. Route. 31most prominent summits are the Rossberg , the broad - backed Farrenberg , and the precipitous Dreifürstenstein; in the back ground the Salmandinger Chapel is visible. Near ( 10 M.) Mössingen the Steinlach is again crossed . On a hill to the left stands the ancient Belsener Chapel; to the right are the sulphur-baths of Se bastiansweiler. Beyond ( 13 M.) Bodelshausen , the highest point of the railway , the train crosses the Prussian frontier ( in front rises the Hohenzollern ), and descends to 151/2 M. Hechingen (* Linde, omnibus at the station , two-horse carr. to Hohenzollern Castle 6 m. and gratuity; Rad; Löwe,nearest the station; beer at the Museum ) , which was formerly the residence of the Princes of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, but became Prussian in 1850 , when the principality of Hohenzollern was mediatised . It is an old town with 3500 inhabitants (500 Jews ),situated on the lofty slope of the valley of the Starzel . The Parish Church, erected in 1783, contains a relief by Peter Vischer, represent ing a Count of Zollern and his wife. The Protestant Church on theS. side of the town is a small, but elegant modern structure in the pointed style . On the road , 5 min. farther, is the Villa Eugenia ,with gardens, the property of the prince.The train crosses the Starzel , passes through several cuttings ,and reaches (19 M.) Zollern , the station of which is built in the same style as the castle . A good road leads hence to the (21/2 M.)castle of * Hohenzollern (2840 ft.), which is grandly situated on an isolated wooded eminence of the Swabian Alb. This magnificent pile was erected by Frederick William IV. in 1850-55 as a royal château , and finally completed in 1867. The bold and skilful construction is as admirable as the situation .The old castle which occupied this site was destroyed in 1423 and restored in 1454 , but at the beginning of the present century little of it remained except the chapel. An inscription over the 'Adlerthor' alludes to the history of the edifice; above it is_the Prussian eagle; below , an equestrian figure representing the Elector Frederick I. Passing through the Adlerthor the visitor enters the ' Rampenthurm ', within the narrow limits of which three bold and ingeniously contrived curves and a winding tunnel lead to the gate -tower situated 75 ft. higher. The balustrade above the entrance to the tunnel is adorned with two lance- bearers in stone. Thesummit of the precipitous rock is enclosed, in accordance with the ancient plan of the castle , by walls 45-65 ft. in height, in the form of a heptagon,and provided with bastions and corner turrets. Within this enclosure stands the modern castle , a winged edifice with five towers, two of which rise to a height of 120 ft. above the external walls. The two lowest of the five stories of the building are vaulted and designed for purposes of de fence. The towers are adorned with the arms of the Zollern family. On the tower of St. Michael , above the balcony of the apartments of the Em press , is a representation of St. Michael and the Dragon in bronze . The style of the entire structure is that of the latter part of the 14th cent. ,which has been strictly adhered to, notwithstanding the serious difficulties encountered in constructing the approach to the castle and providing it with fortifications. The garrison consists of a company of infantry.To the left in the upper Burghof is the Burggarten , adorned with abronze statue of Fred. William IV . beneath a Gothic canopy. Opposite,to the right, is the Wehrhaus, or barrack , containing a restaurant. Adjoining32 Route 8 .HOHENZOLLERN. From Tübingenit is the Protestant Chapel, in the Gothic style . To the left (S. ) rises the Michaelsthurm with the relief - portraits and armorial bearings of the different lords of the castle. Adjacent to it , towards the E., in the di rection of the garden , is the Roman Catholic Chapel of St. Michael (see below) . In the centre of the quadrangle rises the handsome Königslinde.A lofty flight of steps by the Wehrhaus, adorned with a statue of the Count Zollern whor*built the castle in 1454 , leads to the apartments ofthe interior. The Stammbaum - Halle , or genealogical hall , containing ge nealogical trees , coats of arms , etc., is first entered . Beyond it is the sumptuous * Grafensaal, in the Gothic style, borne by eight columns of red marble, and overladen with gilding and painting. On the right of this saWehrhaus M ਵਾਰ ਮਲ.denBurghof Gartilen1>loon is the Kaiserhalle, borne by a central pillar, embellished with eight painted statues of German emperors by the windows; opposite them , on the W. side of the hall, is the Bischofshalle, with two statues and 28 me dallion portraits of prelates of the house of Zollern. Adjoining the Grafen saal on the W. is the Library , a low apartment with carved bookcases and * Frescoes by Peters illustrative of the history of the castle. From the library the visitor proceeds to the right to the Markgrafenthurm , which contains the sitting- room and bedroom of the emperor. The Roman Catholic Church of St. Michael is the only part of the earlier structure now extant.It contains some interesting stained glass from the monastery of Stetten.Another attraction is the very extensive view from the Wartthurm ,or Treppenthurm , on the W.side of the court, to which a winding stair case ascends. It embraces the green hills of Swabia; W. the towns ofBalingen and Rottweil, beyond them the Black Forest, withthe Feldberg,its most conspicuous mountain; S.W. the Jura; S. and E., in the im mediate vicinity , the wooded slopes of the Alb. The castellan's houseis on the right side of the tower ( fee 1 m. ) . A little farther to the E. rises the Zellerhörnle , a spur of the Alb plateau , 210 ft. higher than the Hohenzollern . An attractive path leads to the E. along the Trauf, as the summit of the wooded mountains is termed, in 21/2 hrs. to Starzeln ( * Höfle ) , on the high- road to Gamertingen and ( 22 M.) Sigmaringen .Beyond this point the Zollern long remains in sight. Stations Bisingen and Engstlatt. Then (26 M.) Balingen ( Schwan; Adler ),a manufacturing town on the Eyach, with frequented sulphur-baths.to Sigmaringen . SIGMARINGEN. 8. Route. 33The line now turns to the S. E. and enters the highest part of the Swabian Alb district. To the right rise the Schafberg, the Oberhohenberg, and the bold and lofty Lochenstein, in primæval times a pagan sacrificial station . At (29 M. ) Frommern begins the mountainous part of the railway, the gradients varying from 1:60 to 1:45. To the right of (31 M. ) Laufen an der Eyach are the Grat and Gräblensberg, to the left the rock of Schalksburg . The train now passes through a cutting in the rock , with the Thiegberg on the right and the Heersberg on the left. Beyond ( 331/2 M. ) Laut lingen the line enters a new amphitheatre of mountains , and soon reaches its culminating point (220 ft. ), which is also the watershed between the Rhine and the Danube. It then descends gradually to 37 M. Ebingen ( 2360 ft.; Bär; Adler) , an ancient town , pictur esquely surrounded by hills , with manufactories of velvet , spin ning factories, and an extensive trade in herbs . The tower on the Schlossfelsen (3250 ft.; reached by a good path in 3/4 hr. ) com mands a magnificent survey of the Alps from the Zugspitze to the Bernese Oberland. The train descends the narrow, winding valley of the Schmeie, and crosses the Prussian frontier beyond (41 M. )Strassberg , on a bold rock to the left of which is perched the châ teau of that name. Below Strassberg the valley is wild and imprac ticable , and presented great difficulties to the constructors of the railway , no fewer than 19 bridges over the Schmeie , besides countless cuttings through the projecting cliffs, having been necessary.At stat. Kaiseringen is a paper-mill. 45 M. Storzingen. Several narrow openings, to which fantastic names have been given the ‘Drei Burgen', 'Hexen - Küche', ' Bettel-Küche'), are now threaded .Beyond (481/2 M.) Oberschmeien the line is carried through another defile and two tunnels , and enters the valley of the Danube.Sigmaringen now comes into view, and the train runs in a narrow cutting through the rocks in the direction of the rocky Mühlberg.It then crosses the blue Danube and reaches54 M. Sigmaringen (1860 ft.; * Deutsches Haus; * Schach, both moderate ), a small, but important- looking place with 3800 inhab . ,the residence of Prince Charles Anthony of Hohenzollern, and seatof the Prussian administrative authorities. It contains a numberof handsome buildings , and has been greatly improved by the laying out of new streets and promenades .The handsome Schloss, on a rock rising abruptly from the Danube ,contains an admirable * Museum , chiefly formed by Prince Charles Anthony, and surpassing most collections of the kind both in extent and choiceness. The modern Kunsthalle, in which the collections are exhibited, consists of a fine Gothic hall, with frescoes by Müller of Düsseldorf , and two cabinets . Excellent catalogues by Hr. Lehner. The Museum is open daily from 10 to 12 and 2 to 4;admission 40 pf.The COLLECTION OF PICTURES (210 works) chiefly illustrates the earlyBAEDEKER'S S. Germany. 5th Edit.3>>34 Route 8 .SIGMARINGEN .11- - - - - - --1012German school, the Swabian masters being particularly well represented .Nos. 81-86 . Wings of a large altar- piece: Annunciation, Nativity, Circum cision of Christ, Adoration of the Magi, and the Procession to Calvary,by M. Schaffner; 132-139. Scenes from the life of the Virgin , by Barth .Zeitblom; 158-164. Seven scenes from the history of the Virgin , by Hans Schülein (three masters of Ulm , who flourished in the 16th century ).The Lower Rhenish School, especially that of Cologne, is also numerously represented (192, 46 ). The best oftheearly - Flemish works are: 2 and 4.Annunciation , by Gerard David; 29. Virgin Mary, with a background of tapestry, and 38. Virgin Mary, in a landscape, by Roger van der Weyden (?).- The other sections of the museum contain specimens of mediæval and Renaissance carved work ( statuettes , reliefs , furniture) , works in metal,jewelry, textile works , glasses, enamels, and a rich collection of Italian majolica , French porcelain , and Dutch, Rhenish, and Swiss pottery .In the upper rooms is an extensive Palaeontological Collection ( 2000 objects ).The Library, with its valuable books, incunabula , and Mss. ,the Armoury, and the other richly furnished rooms of the palace also deserve inspection (private apartments shown in the absence of the family only ).In the Karl-Platz , in front of the old House of the Estates, is a colossal bronze bust of Prince Charles (d . 1853) , erected in 1869 .On the Brenzkofer Berg (1/2 hr. ) , on the opposite (N.) bank of the Danube, is the War Monument, in memory of the natives of Sigmaringen who fell in the campaigns of 1866 and 1870-71. It represents Germania holding an oak -wreath and standing on a lofty pedestal. The platform commands a charming view of the town and environs . At the foot of the hill isthe Zollerhof, a favourite restaurant , with a garden . On a neighbouring elevation stands the pretty Villa Teufel in the midst of finely laid out grounds ( open to the public ). — The Mühlberg is another fine point of view .Excursion by Laiz ( Adler) to the ( 2 M.) * Park of Inzigkofen. The precipitous and wooded s . bank of the Danube is ascended by steps, and laid out in delightful grounds. The current of the river is here so im perceptible , that it resembles a lake. The village of Inzigkofen contains two inns .The Valley of the Danube (one- horse carr. to Beuron 8 , two- horse 12-14, to Tuttlingen 12 or 20 m. ) above this point is rocky and picturesque .The road on the left bank follows the windings of the river, and leads through eight tunnels. It passes the former monastery of Gorheim, the village of Laiz ( see above) , the beautiful ruin of Dietfurt on the opposite bank , and the picturesque village and château of Gutenstein , also on the right bank . 9 M. Thiergarten (Inn) , with disused iron - works; 3/4 M.ruin of Falkenstein; 21/4 M. Neidingen; 21/4 M. Hausen , with a lofty ruin near it, where a stone bridge crosses the Danube. The road , however, on the left bank is still followed; 11/2 M. Langenbrunnen , above it the old château of Wernwag, the property of Prince Fürstenberg , commanding amagnificent prospect (* Inn at the top). On the opposite bank, farther on,is seen the handsome castle of Wildenstein , now used as a forester's house,entered by a drawbridge crossing a deep moat. On the road stands the handsome Chapel of St. Maurus, erected in 1868-71. 41/2 M. Monastery of Beuron ( *Gasthof zum Pelikan ) , on the right bank of the Danube , which is now crossed by a covered wooden bridge (the pedestrian may quit the road at a small house before the village is reached, and cross the river by a ferry, thus effecting a saving of 11/2 M. ) . The monastery was suppressed in 1875. The handsome church contains fine ceiling-paintings by Weg.scheider. A footpath to the left in the neighbouring wood leads to the ( 20 min . ) Petershöhle, a spacious grotto entered by wooden steps . FromBeuron the road leads along the ridge to (13/4 M. ) Friedingen , Mühlheim ,and ( 9 M.) Tuttlingen (rail . stat., see p . 25 ).From Sigmaringen to Ulm and Radolfzell, see R. 9.35m.9. From Ulm to Radolfzell and Constance.RAILWAY from Ulm to (86 M. ) Radolfzell in 6 hrs. ( fares 11 m . 25 , 7 m . 45, 4 m. 80 pf.); from Radolfzell to ( 121/2 M. ) Constance in 1 / 2-3 /4 hr. ( fares 1 m. 60, 1 m. 5 , 70 pf.).Ulm , see p. 17. The line diverges to the left from the Stutt gart railway (R. 8) before quitting the fortifications , leads to the W. for a short distance across a barren upland plain , and at ( 11/4M .)Söflingen enters the smiling valley of the Blau. On the left , near (4 M.) Herrlingen , lies Klingenstein , with a château of Hr. von Andlaw. The weather-beaten rock protrudes at various points in fantastic forms from the wooded sides of the valley . On the right rises the ruined castle of Gerhausen , opposite which stands the castle of Ruck . The train crosses the Blau and arrives at10 M. Blaubeuren (Post; Ochs) , an ancient town with 2600 in hab. , lying picturesquely in a basin to the right. The * Blautopf,a clear, light-blue pool , 65 ft. in depth , just above the town , is the source of the Blau, The late -Gothic church of the old Benedictine Abbey , now a theological seminary , contains some choir stalls (much injured ), carved by Jörg Syrlin the Elder, and an elaborately carved high -altar, embellished with statues by Syrlin the Younger and paintings (history of John the Baptist) of the Swabian school.The line leads through the valley of the Ach to ( 14 M.) Schelk lingen , with a ruined castle , beyond which it enters the Schmiechen thal. 17 M. Allmendingen; 201/2 M. Ehingen ( Würtemberger Hof,at the station; Kreuz; Kronprinz; Traube), an old town with 4100 inhab. , near the confluence of the Schmiechen and the Da nube. The Church of St. Blasius, in a debased Renaissance style ,has an old Gothic tower.The line now traverses the wide valley of the tortuous Danube.23 M. Dettingen; 251/2 M. Rottenacker; 28 M. Munderkingen , asmall and ancient town encircled by the river. 30 M. Untermarchthal, On the other side of the river are the imposing buildings of the old monasteryof Obermarchthal, the property of the Prince of Thurn and Taxis. 32 M. Rechtenstein, with the ruins of the castle of the Steins of Rechtenstein , is the prettiest point on the railway . The train now passes to the right bank of the Danube , which it again crosses both before and beyond stat . Zwiefaltendorf: 381/2 M. Unlingen; to the left rises the Bussen ( see below ). 40 M. Ried lingen ( Post ), an ancient place on the left bank of the Danube,3/4 M. from the railway .A pleasant excursion ( 2 hrs.; carriage -road ) may be made hence to the top of the * Bussen ( 2484 ft.), an isolated bill rising out of the upper Swabian plain , and commandinga view of the whole of Upper Swabia , and of the Alps. On the hill is a pilgrimage-church , at its base the Federsee.44 M. Ertingen , with a castle of the Prince of Thurn and Taxis.47 M. Herbertingen , junction of the branch - line to Aulendorf (p . 19). 51 M. Mengen (Siegerist; Railway Restaurant ), a small3 *36 Route 9 .HEILIGENBERG.From Ulmtown on the Ablach, The railway forks here , the branch on theright leading to Sigmaringen , that on the left to Radolfzell.FROM MENGEN TO SIGMARINGEN, 6 M., railway in 22 min. ( fares 80,55, 35 pf. ) . Nearstat. Scheer the train passes through a short tunnel, and crosses to the left bank of the Danube. Stat. Sigmaringendorf. The train then recrosses the river and reaches ( 7 M. ) Sigmaringen (see p. 33 ).The line to Radolfzell follows the Ablachthal. 54 M, Zielfingen.561/2 M. Krauchenwies (*Goldner Adler ), the old castle of which serves as a summer-residence of the Prince of Hohenzollern; in the Andelsbach , which flows through the park, are some interestingerratic boulders. (Branch - line from Krauchenwies to Sigmaringenviâ Josefslust, 51/2 M. in 24 min. )59 M. Göggingen; 61 M. Menningen. 63 M. Mösskirch ( Adler;Sonne), a well-built little town, with a château of Prince Fürsten berg. The old church contains an altar-piece by H. Schäufelein ,and some monuments of the 16th century. 661/2 M. Sauldorf;69 M. Schwakenreute.FROM SCHWAKENREUTE TO AULENDORF , 30 M. , railway in 2-3 hrs.71/2 M. Aach- Linz; 10 M. Pfullendorf (Schwan; Restaurant in the Rother Ochs), a very ancient town, with an open-work Gothic tower ( to Heiligen berg, see below). Then stations Burgweiler, Ostrach , Hosskirch - Königseck (11/2 M. to the S. E. of which is the partly preserved castle of Königseck ),and ( 254/2 M.) Althausen , the junction of the Herbertingen and Aulendorf line ( p. 19).A very inte ing excursion may be made from Pfullendorf to (9 M.)Heiligenberg (* Post, or Adler, ' pens. 41/2 m. ) , an insignificant place, with the extensive château of Prince Fürstenberg, which contains a magnificent hall 111 ft. long and 40 ft. broad , with a beautifully -carved wooden * Ceiling (16th cent. ), probably the finest in Germany. A number of well-executed modern bronzes, older works in chased silver , and family -portraits are preserved here . The chapel also possesses a ceiling in carved wood .

• • View from the castle, which rises conspicuously 1000 ft. above the Lake of Constance (p. 39), strikingly beautiful. E. the Vorarlberg Mts . , beginning with the Hochvogel, the snow - clad Alps of Switzerland , Scesaplana,

Kamor, Hohe-Kasten , Altmann, Sentis, Churfirsten, Glärnisch, Tödi, Wind gelle, Titlis , Finsteraarhorn , Schreckhörner, Wetterhorn , Éiger , Mönch,and Jungfrau; then the volcanic Höhgau, and the Belchen and Feldberg in the Black Forest; in the foreground the extensive and picturesque Linzgau,beyond it the Lake of Constance. The same view is enjoyed from several parts of the flower- garden, on the left of the road to the castle; also from the * Freundschafts-Höhlen , a number of grottoes , 1/4 hr. to the N.w. of the inn. The walk may be prolonged through the beautiful beech- wood, and the inn regained by another path .FromHeiligenberg by Salem and Mühlhofen to Veberlingen or Meer's burg (p. 39) , 9 M. At ( 71 M. ) Mühlingen the line enters the wooded ravine of the Stockach. 73 M. Zizenhausen; 76 M. Stockach (Krone; Post) , apicturesque little town, near which the French under Jourdan were defeated by Archduke Charles in 1799. The train then passes through smiling green valleys, and leads by Nenzingen , Wahlwies,and Stahringen to(86 M.) Radolfzell ( * Schiff; Krone), an old town on the Unter- See, with a Gothic church of 1436 , where the line unites with the Bâle and Constance railway .The railway from Radolfzell to Constance intersects the neck of land between the Unter - See and the Ueberlinger - See (p. 39), and

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Siegesdenkmal C.4 ILStadthaus A.B.412.Stadtkanzlei B.4.5,13.Telegr.Bureau .C.514.Theater C.3 .15.Wessenberghaus B.3.daunataDIB!3ca271371 TisANLatzgasseRheMartensSite OTOSSSSSSenberguSEHUTSTT70CeritPoste 00015teplianLanswerterPlatz Weuchtthern hullerMili zgasselperPlatzKEN ParadiesstKanzleistr, Marktstätteolnud .TussenstHusserstr.ObMara leStaismundsgasseBalmhofBadedraleBahnho Pfründhausstr.Schweizerringa B.O.dan str Bodan Hafenstr.Plata tev.kreužtingenstrkesteParluettinofenstr.THURGABLEwedenstraRedEristofer weiheshGasthöfe:a Inset - Hôtel C.3.b Konstanzer Hof 1.1c Hôter Halm C.5 .d Hecht C.4 .e Adler C.4 .f Badischer Hof . B.5 .g Krone 0.4Winterthur C Ramanshorn DSüden Wagner & Debes,LepaABnit v . gilt Anstalt v .TEAto Constance . CONSTANCE. 9. Route. 37passes stations Markelfingen , Allensbach , and Reichenau. On the island of Reichenau in the Unter-See (visible from the train) are the buildings of a Benedictine abbey, which was suppressed in 1799. The island is joined with the mainland on the E. by a mole.The train crosses the Rhine by an iron bridge , adorned with statues.121/2 M. Constance. -Hotels. * Insel-Hôtel (Pl. a) , in the old Do minican monastery , well fitted up, with handsome dining-room , R. and L. 31/2, A. 3/4, B. 1 m . 20 pf.; * CONSTANZER HOF ( formerly Bad-Hôtel, Pl . b) , an extensive building with a large garden, on the N. bank of the lake, above the Rhine bridge; both of these have a view of the lake; * Halm ( Pl. c) ,opposite the station; * HECHT (Pl. d ); ADLER, or Post ( Pl . e ); *BADISCHER HOF (Pl. f); KRONE ( Pl. g ), Schiff, Falke, second - class, moderate charges.- Café Barbarossa, with rooms to let; Café Schnetzer, in the market-place.Swimming Baths in the lake , well arranged. - At Kreuzlingen ( p . 38 ),3/4 M. from Constance, * HÔTEL- PENSION HELVETIA, 4-5 fr. per day; Löwe.Constance ( 1335 ft.), a free town until 1548, but after the Refor mation subject to Austria, has now only 14,800 inhab . ( 1400 Prot . ) ,though it once numbered 40,000. It is situated at the N.W. ex tremity of the lake , at the point where the Rhine emerges from it .The episcopal see, over which 87 bishops in succession held juris diction , was suppressed in 1802. Three years later, at the treaty of Pressburg, Constance was adjudged to Baden.The *CATHEDRAL (P1 . 4; B , 3), founded in 1052, was rebuilt in its present form at the beginning of the 16th century . Gothic tower erected 1850-57; the perforated spire is of light grey sandstone;on either side is a platform commanding a charming view .On the Doors of the principal portal are* Bas-Reliefs, in 20 compart ments, representing scenes from the life of Christ, carved in oak by Sim.Haider in 1470. The * Choir Stalls with grotesque sculptures, are of the same date. The organ -loft , richly ornamented in the Renaissance style ,dates from 1680. In the nave ( Romanesque) , the arches of which are sup ported by 16 monolithic pillars ( 30 ft . high, 31/2 ft. thick ), sixteen paces from the principal entrance, is a large stone slab, a white spot on which always remains dry, even when the remaining portion is damp. Huss is said to have stood on this spot whenthe Council of 6th July, 1415, sentenced him to be burnt at the stake. In the N. chapel, adjoining the choir, isa Death of the Virgin , coloured stone figures life- size, 1460. Adjacent is an elegant spiral staircase. —The Treasury (custodian 1/2-1 m. ) contains a mis sal embellished with miniatures, 1426. On the E. side is a crypt, contain ing the Chapel of the Holy Sepulchre, with a representation of the sepulchre in stone, 20 ft. high, dating from the 13th century. On the exterior of the N. side , two aisles of the * Cloisters still exist , from which an idea of the richness of the architecture may be formed .The WESSENBERG- Haus (Pl . 15) contains books , pictures , andengravings , bequeathed to the town by the proprietor J. H. v.Wessenberg ( d. 1850), who for many years acted as the chief super intendent of the diocese . The engravings may be inspected daily(9-12 and 2-5) , the books on Mon. and Sat. from 2 to 4 and onSun, from 11 to 12.The CHURCH OF ST. STEPHEN ( P1.6; B , 4 ), a late -Gothic building of the 15th cent . , near the cathedral , with slender tower , contains some interesting wood -carving and sculptures, but the exterior hasbeen disfigured by modern restoration .238 Route 9 . CONSTANCE.The Wessenberg- Strasse leads hence to the S. to the Obere Markt,at the corner of which stands the house ‘ Zum Hohen Hafen' (Pl . 2) ,where Frederick VI., Burgrave of Nuremberg , was created Elector of Brandenburg by Emp. Sigismund , 18th April , 1417. Adjacent to it is an ancient building with arcades , styled by an inscription‘ Curia Pacis ', in which Emp. Frederick I. concluded peace with the Lombard towns in 1183 ( now the Café Barbarossa ). — A little to the W. is the new Protestant Church (P1 . 5; A, 4) .The STADT-KANZLEI, or Town Hall ( Pl. 12), erected in the Re naissance style in 1593, has been recently decorated on the exterior with frescoes illustrative of the history of Constance. The apartments of the ground -floor contain the valuable Municipal Archives ,comprising 2800 documents , the most interesting of which date from the period of the Reformation . Fine inner court. Part ofthe interesting collection of stained glass formed by M. Vincent is now exhibited in the shop of Sartori , the bookseller, opposite the town-hall. - In the Rosgarten (Pl . 8) , formerly the guild-house ofthe butchers, is the *Rosgarten Museum , a rich and well- arranged collection of antiquities relating to Constance ( from lake -dwellings, etc. ) and of objects of natural history ( adm . 40 pf. ). In themarket-place is a War Monument ( figure of Victory) , by Bauer.The Kaufhaus, or Merchants' Hall (Pl . 1 ) , by the lake , erected in 1388, contains the great Council Chamber, supported by massive oaken pillars , where the conclave of cardinals met at the time of the Great Council ( 1414-18) . The hall was restored in 1866 and decorated with frescoes illustrative of the history of the town , by Pecht and Schwörer (adm . 20 pf. ). The upper floor contains acollection of Indian and Chinese curiosities (40 pf.).The ancient Dominican Monastery, in which Huss was confined,situated on an island in the lake , near the town, has been in part converted into a hotel ( Insel-Hôtel, see p. 37) . The well - preserved Romanesque cloisters , and the adjoining refectory with its graceful vaulting, repay inspection .The house in which Huss was arrested , the second to the rightof the Schnetzthor, bears a memorial-tablet with his effigy, put upin 1878. Adjoining it is an old relief , dated 1415 , with satirical verses. In the suburb of Brühl to the W. of the town , 1/2 M. beyond the Protestant Church (Pl . 5) , is the spot where Huss and Jerome of Prague suffered martyrdom , indicated by a huge mass of rock with inscriptions .The new grounds of the Stadtgarten on the lake , between the harbour and the Dominican island , afford a pleasant walk and acharming view of the lake and mountains. A bust of the Emp.William has been placed here.The abbey of Kreuzlingen , on Swiss territory , 3/4 M. beyond the S. gate , is now a school . The church contains a curious piece of wood -carving, with about 1000 small figures, executed last century .7UEBERLINGEN . 9. Route. 39A fine view of the lake and of the Vorarlberg and Appenzell Alps is obtained from the " Allmannshöhe ( 3/4 hr.) , with belvedere, pension , andrestaurant, situated 5 min . above the village of Allmannsdorf, on the road to the Mainau . Among other pleasant objects for a walk may be men tioned the Loretto - Kapelle ( 1/2 br. ); the Jacob , a restaurant with a fineview (1/2 hr.); and the Kleine Rigi, above Kreuzlingen ( 3/4 hr . ).In the N.W. arm of the Lake of Constance ( Ueberlinger See) , 312 M. from Constance, is situated the beautiful island of * Mainau , formerly the seat of a lodge of the Teutonic Order , as a cross on the S. side of the castle indicates. It is 41/2 M. in circumference, and is connected with the mainland by a bridge 650 paces in length. Since 1853 it has been the pro perty of the Grand Duke of Baden , and is now entirely covered with plea sure grounds . Steamboat from Constance in 55 min .; rowing - boat (in 1 hr., a pleasant trip ) 5 m. and gratuity; carriage and pair 8 m .; pedes trians take a shorter route, leading partly through pleasant woods.On the N. bank of the lake, opposite Mainau ( steamboat in 40 min .),lies Meersburg ( 1463 ft .; Schif'; Wilder Mann , both on the lake; Löwe),commanded by an ancient castle, long an episcopal residence and now con taining an extensive collection of mediæval antiquities (adm . on week days 8-12 and 2-6, Sun. 2-6; tickets , 1 m. , obtained from the castellan ) .The church- yard contains the tomb of the celebrated Mesmer ( d . 1815) , the discoverer of mesmerism. The wines of Meersburg are the best on the lake . From Meersburg the steamer plies in 3/4 hr. more to Ueberlingen (* Löwe; Bad -Hotel , with shady garden , both on the lake) , an ancient place, once a town of the Empire, containing several mediæval buildings.The " Rathhaus is a richly -decorated Gothic structure. The hall with itscarved wood- work is an object of great interest. The 39 statuettes on the walls, representing the various elements of the German Empire ( 3 spirit ual and temporal Electors , 4 Margraves of the Empire, Landgraves,Counts, Barons, Knights , Burghers , and Peasants) , date from the begin ning of the 15th century. Opposite to them are portraits of the Emperors,beginning with Rudolf II . The adjacent Münster , of the 14th cent., with double aisles, contains an altar with fine wood- carving of the 17th cen túry. The Library contains a Historical Collection and a Cabinet of Na tural History.In the suburbs , by the lake , is a Bath Establishment of some repute,with chalybeate water. Fine views of the lake from various points. The Appenzell Mts . are visible hence; also , to the S.E. , the summits of the Ræticon Mountains .Railway to Schaffhausen and Bâle , see Baedeker's Rhine, or Bae deker's Switzerland .410. From Stuttgart to Hall by Heilbronn .RAILWAY to ( 33 M. ) Heilbronn in 11 / 2-2 hrs . ( fares 4 m . 25, 2 m. 85 ,1 m. 85 pf. ); to ( 66M. ) Hall in 21/ 2-33 /4 hrs. ( fares 8 m. 60, 5 m. 70, 3 m. 70 pf. ) .From Stuttgart to ( 14 M.) Bietigheim , see p . 2. The line follows the course of the Enz for a short way, and then crosses it just be fore its influx into the Neckar , near ( 18 M. ) Besigheim ( Sonne; Waldhorn) , a small town, probably of Roman origin, with two hand some towers , the remnants of mediæval castles . About 6 M. to theN.W. is the Michelsberg ( 1280 ft. ), on which stands a very ancient chapel, said to have been once a Roman temple of Luna. The line now follows the Neckar, passes through a tunnel (700 yds . ) beyond (22 M.) Kirchheim , and returns to the river at 25 M. Lauffen , the old castle and church of which stand pic turesquely on two rocks , separated by the river. Beyond ( 281/2 M.)Nordheim , on a height to the left, rises the Heuchelberger Warte,40 Route 10 . HEILBRONN. From Stuttgart>>As Heilbronn is approached , the vine-clad Wartberg becomes vis ible on the N. , while the Schweinsberg (see below), embosomed in trees , is seen overlooking the town on the S.E.33 M. Heilbronn . Hotels. * EISENBAHN - HÔTEL (Pl . a) , at thestation, R. 13 /4-3 m. , D. 21/2 m ., B. 80 pf., good restaurant; " Falke or Post ( Pl . b ) , *Rose (Pl. c), both in the Markt.Cafés -Restaurants. Vörg zur Harmonie; Deutsches Haus; Kantleliner;

• Hägele; Frank'sche Brauerei. Wine Rooms. * Zehender, Kram - Str .;
• Belz; Albrecht, in the Allee; " Rätz, Lohthor- Str.

Heilbronn , formerly a free town of the Empire , is now an im portant commercial and manufacturing place with 24,446 inhab. ,charmingly situated on both banks of the Neckar . The site of the old fortifications is occupied by a pleasant Avenue , encircling the old town, beyond which suburbs are springing up in every direction .To the left, in approaching the town from the station, the visitor observes the Custom House and the Wilhelms- Canal; to the N.W.the Winter and Wood Harbours . The town is entered by a new iron bridge . The late - Gothic Rathhaus ( Pl . 13; B, C , 3) in the market-place , with its lofty flight of steps , contains a curious clock constructed by Habrecht in 1580. The building figured prominently in the feuds between the town and Götz von Berlichingen , immortalised by Goethe . In the council - chamber his “ iron hand' is said to have distributed blows which effectually cured ' headache , toothache , and every other human malady . ' Letters from him , from Franz von Sickingen , the intrepid Reformer, and others are shown in the Archives. The old - fashioned house ( Pl. 6;B, 3) , at the corner of the Markt-Strasse and Market, on the left,is pointed out as that in which ‘ Käthchen of Heilbronn' was born .The story , however, is based on an unfounded tradition .The * Church of St. Kilian (Pl . 9; C, 3), founded in 1013 , is the finest edifice in the town. The nave, a remnant of a basilicawith pointed arcades , is all that remains of the original structure .The present church , in the late-Gothic style, was built in the 15th cent .; the tower, 217 ft. in height, was completed in 1529 in the Renaissance style. The choir ( 1480), with fine articulated pillars and network vaulting , contains a winged * Altar- piece in carved wood, representing the Nativity and Resurrection of Christ and theDeath of the Virgin , executed by Tilmann Riemenschneider in 1498, and a fine ciborium . Behind this church is the Heilbrunnen (Pl . 11 ), or healing well , from which the town derives its name.On the right side of the Sülmer- Str. , farther N. , is the Hafen markt , with the tower of the Church of the Franciscans (Pl . 7),which was destroyed by the French in 1688. In the simple Gothic Church of St. Nicholas (Pl . 10 ) the first Protestant divine service was celebrated in 1525. The Schiller - Haus opposite was occupied by the poet in 1793-94 . At the back of the church of St. Nicholas is the house ( Pl. 12) of Dr. von Mayer (a . 1878), a native of Heil bronn and the discoverer of the mechanical theory of heat .>1A B Jagstfeld TalHEILBRONN .1: 15.0000 100Meter.100 50 200 300 rassYlossKrankenhaus cer hafenperkhibachPInsbergerstr.WintermsAlteFriedhofhaenIzolla PBanh Bahnhofstrasse Kosskampterrametrasse MarktTaastriLors Tonnerrestr:Frankfurterstr .CANNONSS7)Mönch LOZSIT:hoThoisirSNStegigerstr.Achtungstr auterre

4 .Stonestrasseenthuri ere kostenbergstr weuhausstr.WollusZellengefängniss 5RAWANΗοZuckerflorikAN a SSeSU1.Archiv C.3. 8.Kathol.K.2. Deutschhaus B.4 . 9.Kilians -K 3. Götzenthurm B.4 . 10. Nikolai-K 4.Gymnasium D.3.11. Kirchbrunnen 5.Histor:Museum B.3. 12.Mayerhaus 6.Katchenhaus B.3.13 . RathhausKirchen: 14. SynagogeZFranziskaner - K.C.3. 15. Theater Ruine )B.3.4 .C.3.C.2 .C.3.C.2..B.C.3.C.4 .D.3.Seckarhalde. 1to Hall. HEILBRONN . 10. Route . 41One of the most interesting historical edifices in Heilbronn is the Deutsche Haus ( Pl. 2; B, 4) , with the Roman Catholic church , originally erected as the emperor's palace, afterwards in the hands of the Teutonic Order , and now occupied by the courts of law. Emperors, kings , and princes lived here in state , and the Heilbronn Contract was concluded here in 1633. The oldest part of the buildings is the lowest story of the church - tower, in the Romanesque style. Opposite is the old Schönthaler Hof, now the Restaurant zum Deutschen Hause ( see above) , where as aquaint inscription at the door relates , Charles V. once lived ' for six weeks and recovered from an illness by using the Heilbronn waters.In the Allee are the new building of the Harmony Club ( Fl . C, D, 3) , with a fine hall and a garden, and the Synagogue (Pl. 14 ,C, 4), a handsome edifice in a Moorish style. The former contains an exhibition of modern pictures belonging to the Kunstverein . In the vicinity are the Prison (Pl . D, 5) and the new Gymnasium (Pl . 4; D , 3). The Historical Museum (Pl . 5; B , 3) contains acollection of antiquities , including numerous prehistoric objects found in the neighbourhood of Heilbronn .The Diebsthurm , commonly known as Götzens Thurm , in which Goethe represents the knight to have died (he was really imprisoned here for one night only in 1519) , is a lofty , square tower on the Neckar above the bridge, and is conspicuous from the railway .The town Water Works, with steam pumping - apparatus andhigh-level reservoir, at the base of the Wartberg, deserve the inspection of engineers . The Cemetery , containing some interestingold tombstones, is tastefully laid out . The Wartberg, rising 522 ft. above the Neckar, may be ascended in 3/4 hour. On the top are an old watch -tower and an inn, the cen tral point of the busy labours of the vintage . The tower commands a charming view of the Neckarthal. - The summit of the Schweinsberg (816 ft.) is reached by a pleasant, shady path in 1 hr . , and commands an exquisite and extensive *Panorama, embracing the Alb chain on the S. , the Black Forest and Vosges on the S.W. ,the Haardt Mts . and Donnersberg on the W. , the Odenwald and Spessart on the N. , and the Löwenstein Mts. on the E. FROM HEILBRONN TO HEIDELBERG , 42 M. , railway in 2-3 hrs. ( 5 m.45 , 3 m. 60, 2 m. 30 pf. ) . At Neckarsulm , a pleasant little town with an old lodge of the Teutonic Order, thetrain approaches the Neckar, and near Kochendorf it crosses the Kocher. From ( 7 M.) Jagstfeld ( * Brauninger's Bad-Hôtel , with terrace on the Neckar) , a saline bath at the mouth of the Jagst, a branch - line runs to Osterburken, on the Heidelberg and Würz burg railway ( see p. 56; to Neckarelz, see below) . Near Jagstfeld are the saline springs of Friedrichshall. Wimpfen (im Thaľ and above it ' Wimpfen am Berg' , with the saltworks and saline baths of Ludwigshall ( * Bad- Hôtel zum Ritter; Hotel Hammer, with fine view ), are 'enclaves' of Hessen . The fine Gothic church in the valley was erected in 1262-78 . Wimpfen am Berg is said to occupy the site of the Roman station Cornelia , which was de stroyed by the Huns under Attila. The directors of the saltworks have a good collection of Roman antiquities found here.The line crosses the Neckar here , and traverses an undulating and partly wooded district. 12 M. Rappenau (*Gasthof zur Saline) also possesses salt-springs. Several unimportant stations . Then (23 M. ) Sinzheim , where Turenne defeated the Imperial forces in 1674. The line traverses the Elsenz thal. At (30 M. ) Meckesheim ( Railway Hotel; Deutscher Kaiser"; Rail . Re.42 Route 10 . HALL .2staurant), on the Elsenz, it unites with the railway to Neckarelz (p. 56 ).33 M. Mauer; 35 M. Bammenthal; 36 M. Neckargemünd , the junction of the Würzburg line ( R. 14); thence to Heidelberg, see p . 57.FROM JAGSTFELD TO NECKARELZ, 11 M. , railway in 40 min . ( fares 1 m.50, 1 m . , 65 pf. ), affording a charming run through the vine-clad Neckar thal with its numerous castles. 2 M. Ofenau , with the salt- springs of Klemenshall. Farther on , the village and château of Heinsheim are passed on the left bank, then the ruins of Ehrenberg and Guttenberg . 5 M. Gun delsheim (Prinz Carl) , the lowest-lying place in Wurtemberg. The train then penetrates the Michaelsberg by a tunnel 950 yds. long , and reaches ( 7 M.) Hassmersheim . To the right , above ( 8 M.) Neckarzimmern, rises the castle of Hornberg , where Götz von Berlichingen died in 1562. 11 M. Neckar elz , the point of junction with the Würzburg -Heidelberg railway (R. 14).FROM HEILBRONN TO DURLACH , 42 M. , railway in 3 hrs. (fares 5 m.60, 3 m. 80 , 2 m. 40 pf. ) . The line traverses the ancient Kraichgau. 7 M. Schwaigern possesses an interesting late - Gothic church. 11 M. Gemmingen .15 M. Eppingen , on the Elsenz , formerly a free imperial town . Near (19 M.) Sulzfeld rises the Ravensburg. 29 M. Bretten is the junction for Bruchsal and Stuttgart ( p. 1) . Then stat. Wössingen , Jöhlingen , Grötzingen (p . 14) , and Durlach.The train crosses the Wilhelm's Canal and three arms of theNeckar, passes through a long tunnel (1111 yds . ) , and reaches 37 M. Weinsberg (* Traube), an ancient and historically mem orable town . The ruined castle of Weibertreu ( “ woman's faithfulness” ) , on the height, was the scene of the events on which Bürger founded one of his ballads . Justinus Kerner , the poet (d . 1862) , occupied a house at the foot of the hill. Near it is amonument to him . The handsome Romanesque church, a basilica with pointed arcades , contains a small picture of 1659 , represent ing the women quitting the castle . During the War of the Peasants in 1525 the most savage atrocities were committed here .The train now traverses the fertile and populous Weinsberger Thal. On a hill to the right, near (401/2 M.) Willsbach , stands the small town of Löwenstein, commanded by the ruined castle of the Löwenstein-Wertheim family. In a narrow valley at the N.W. foot of the hill lies the Thausser Bad , with springs containing Epsom salts and sulphate of lime; at the N.E.base is Lichtenstern , a Pro testant Reformatory for children , formerly a nunnery. Beyond(43 M. ) Eschenau the train descends into the valley of the Brettach,which it crosses near ( 461/2 M. ) Bretzfeld .49 M. Oehringen (Römischer Kaiser), pop. 3700, is a pleasant town on the Ohrn , with a château of the Prince of Hohenlohe Oehringen, below which are cellars of vast size . The Gothic Stifts kirche, containing monuments of the Hohenlohe family and good stained glass , is interesting . 531/2 M. Neuenstein; 561/2 M. Wal denburg, both containing châteaux of the Hohenlohe family . Beyond (591/21M.) Kupfer the train reaches the culminating point (1378 ft . )of the line , and then descends to (62 M.) Gailenkirchen and the valley of the Kocher, passing through two tunnels .66 M. Hall, or Schwäbisch - Hall (* Lamm; * Adler ), an ancient town on the Kocher (pop . 9200) , has a picturesque appearance from the station . The Gothic Church ofSt. Michael ( 1427-1525) containsMURRHARDT. 11. Route . 43mediæval carving. On the left bank of the Kocher is the Church of St. Catharine , a building of the 14th cent . , containing a tine high altar. The interesting church (12th cent. ) of the old Benedictine abbey of Komburg , situated at Steinbach, 11/2 M. to the S. of Hall ,and now tenanted by invalid soldiers , possesses an embossed altar covering ( antipendium ) in gilded copper, dating from 1130, and a huge candelabrum of the same period .Salt is largely manufactured here . The salt- water is conveyed in pipes from the Wilhelmsglück mine (9 M. ) , which is more interesting than those in the Salzkammergut, and more resembles those of Wieliczka (R. 69). Descent by a long flight of steps (680 ), or by a slide . The long galleries and spacious halls , glittering with crystals of salt , are imposing.Pure rock -salt is excavated here. Where the salt is less pure , it isobtained by filling portions of the mine with water, which in a few weeks becomes saturated with salt , and is drawn off and evaporated .From Hall to Crailsheim and Murrhardt ( and Stuttgart), see R. 11 .11. From Stuttgart to Hall and Crailsheim ( Nuremberg) vià Backnang .RAILWAY to Hall, 50 M. , in 31/4 hr. ( fares 6 m. 50 , 4 m . 30, 2 m . 80 pf.),to Crailsheim viâ Hessenthal 62 M. ( from Crailsheim to Nuremberg 561/2 M) .This railway forms the shortest line of communication between Stuttgart and Nuremberg, but is not traversed by express trains ( see R.12) . From Stuttgart to (8 M.) Waiblingen , see p . 44. The MURR RAILWAY here diverges to the left from the Remsthal Line ( R. 12),and crosses the profound valley of the Rems by a lofty viaduct and a long iron bridge. 101/2 M. Neustadt, close to which is the favourite watering - place of Neustädtle. A tunnel 390 yds . long is then passed .12 M. Schwaikheim; 14 M. Winnenden, a busy little manufacturingtown , with the château of Winnenthal, now a lunatic asylum . 16 M. Nellmersbach. Beyond (17 M.) Maubach the train enters the valley of the Murr and reaches19 M. Backnang ( Post), a manufacturing town with extensive tanneries , and the interesting Gothic -Romanesque church of the canonry which was founded here about 1116 .. From BACKNANG TO BIETIGHEIM , 151/2 M. , branch- railway in 11/2 hr.The line follows the valley of the Murr to stations Burgstall and Kirchberg,then quits the valley, and near Marbach (p . 13) crosses the Neckar by aviaduct 100 ft . high ( fine view). Stat. Beihingen (junction for Ludwigsburg ).Then ( 151/2 M.) Bietigheim (p. 2 ).Beyond Backnang the train crosses the Weissach and descends into the peaceful Murrthal , which is bordered with forests. 22 M. Steinbach; 23 M. Oppenweiler , with the château of the knights of Sturmfeder, and the hoary Reichenberg. 251/2 M. Sulzbach, where the mediæval château of Lautereck is now a farm - house. The train crosses the Murr and arrives at29 M. Murrhardt, a small and ancient town, formerly the seatof a Benedictine abbey . The Walderichskirche, built on the site and with the remains of a Roman fort, and the Stadtkirche , formerly the abbey- church, will repay a visit. The * Walderichskapelle,-44 Route 11 . CRAILSHEIM.adjoining the N. tower of the Stadtkirche 7, is a gem of the late Romanesque style. The fountain in the market- place is surmounted by a statue of one of the Dukes of Wurtemberg.The end of the Murrthal is of historic interest as the site ofthe boundaries of the Roman empire , of which all traces have disappeared. Beyond stat. Fornsbach the train penetrates the watershed by a tunnel 578 yds . in length , enters the Roththal near stat. Fichtenberg, threads another tunnel, 590 yds . long, and reaches the Kocherthal and stat. Gaildorf. The Kocher is crossed by a lofty bridge. Stations Oedendorf and Hirschfelden; opposite the latter,on the left bank of the Kocher, lie the salt-mines of Wilhelmsglück (p . 43). Then (451/2 M.) Hessenthal , junction of the lines from Hall, Backnang , and Crailsheim ( Hall, p . 42, is 41/2 M. distant).The next stations are Sulzdorf, where the Bühlerbach is crossed ,Grossaltdorf, Eckartshausen , and Maulach , with a chalybeate spring.62 M. Crailsheim (* Lamm; Hôtel Faber), on the Jagst, a town of 4642 inhab. , with a handsome Rathhaus and the château of Hohen lohe , now occupied by the district- authorities. The Church of St. John, a Gothic edifice of the 15th cent. , contains a winged altar with paintings by Wohlgemuth, and a ciborium of 1499.FROM CRAILSHEIM TO MERGENTHEIM , 36/2 M., railway in 3 hrs. ( fares 75, 3 m. 15, 2 m. 5 pf.). Stations Satteldorf, Wallhausen, Roth am See,Blaufelden, Schrozberg ( a large village) , Niederstetten (an old town with walls and gates, the residence of Prince Hohenlohe -Jagstberg ) , Laudenbach,Weikersheim (a wine-growing place, prettily situated on the Tauber ), Mar kelsheim , Igersheim . Then Mergentheim , see p. 55.FROM CRAILSHEIM TO NÖRDLINGEN 40 M., railway in 3 hrs. (fares 5 m . 5, 3 m. 35, 2 m. 15 pf.); to ULM (68 M .; by Aalen and Heidenheim )in 41/4 hrs. ( fares 8 m. 80 , 5 m. 85, 3 m. 75 pf.). The line ascends the Jagstthal towards the S .; stations Jagstheim , Stimpfach, and Jagstzell, where the Jagst is crossed. Then (13 M.) Ellwangen ( Adler'; Post), an old town (pop. 4500) with a castle on the height above it, formerly the capital of a small ecclesiastical principality , suppressed in 1803. The Stiftskirche,founded in 770, and rebuilt in 1124 , is a Romanesque basilica; thecrypt under the choir is in admirable preservation, the interior was embellished with pleasing stucco - ornaments in the 17th century. On the walls are two epitaphs in bronze by Peter Vischer of Nuremberg. About 3/4 M. from Ellwangen lie the favourite mineral baths of Schrezheim . At ( 184/2 M.)Goldshöfe the train reaches the Remsthal Railway ( R. 12 ).From Crailsheim to Ansbach and Nuremberg, see p. 106.4 m.12. From Stuttgart to Nördlingen and Nuremberg.RAILWAY (Remsthal Line) to (71 M.) Nördlingen in 4 ° / 2 hrs. ( fares 9 m. 30, 6 m . 15 , 3 m . 95 pf. ); thence to ( 62 M.) Nuremberg (Bavarian Railway) in 31/2 hrs. ( fares 7 m . 90 , 5 m. 25 , 3 m . 35 pf. ). Express train from Stuttgart to Nuremberg in 43/4 hrs. ( fares 19 m. 10, 13 m . 85 pf.).The Remsthal Railway diverges to the left from the Stuttgart and Ulm line beyond (21/2 M.) Cannstatt ( p. 10 ), and ascends in long windings the hill which separates the valleys of the Neckar and the Rems. From the culminating point a fine retrospect is obtained of Stuttgart and the valley of the Neckar. 6 M. Fellbach ( Traube ).The line now descends toGMÜND . 12. Route. 459wines ,8M. Waiblingen ( Post; Lamm) , a town of great antiquity ,whence the imperial Salic line , as well as the succeeding House of Hohenstaufen , derived their appellation of Waiblinger , corrupted by the Italians into Ghibellini , once so celebrated as the name of a faction . The late-Gothic church , outside the town, erected 1459 88 , possesses a fine tower . (To Murrhardt , see R. 11.)The populous , fertile, and picturesque REMSTHAL begins here. Beyond (11 M.) Endersbach a handsome viaduct. To the right,in a lateral valley , are Beutelsbach and Schnaith , producing good th former with a very ancient church; to the left liesGross- Heppach (Lamm ). On the height to the left of ( 14 M.) Grun bach is the village of Buoch, which commands a fine view of the Swabian Alb; to the right is the Schönbühl, with a reformatory for boys. 17 M. Winterbach .181/2 M. Schorndorf ( Hirsch ), an old town once fortified, possessesan interesting Gothic church, with very fine portal and choir of 1477 . Near (21 M.) Urbach the train crosses to the right bank of the Rems. 221/2 M. Plüderhausen; 24 M. Waldhausen , where the Emp.Frederick Barbarossa is said to have been born (p. 27) . The vine culture ceases . To the N.E. of (27 M.) Lorch , on the Marienberg ,rises the Benedictine monastery of that name, founded by the Ho henstaufen in 1102, and partly destroyed during the War of the Peasants, but recently restored . It contains several tombs and mon.. uments of the Hohenstaufen . The Wäscher Schlössle , 3/4 M. from Wäschenbeuern (Hirsch) , a village between Lorch and the Hohen staufen , on which their castle stood (p . 26) , was the cradle of that illustrious race . A glimpse of the Hohenstaufen is obtained to the right, as the train emerges from a short cutting just beyond Lorch ,and soon after a similar view of the double-peaked Rechberg.311/2 M. Gmünd, or Schwäbisch -Gmünd ( Rad; DreiMohren; fine view of the Hohenstaufen, Rechberg, and Stuifen from the station ),formerly a town of the Empire (pop. 13,700 ) , possesses threechurches of great antiquity, and an extensive museum of industrial products. Jewellery is the staple manufacture of the place . The Arlers were once celebrated as architects here ( p . 268 ). The Gothic Kreuzkirche was erected by Heinrich Arler in 1351-77 (completed 1410); sculptures of the portal of 1380, carving of the altar of the 15th century. The Romanesque Church of St. John contains an old picture in which the ancient castle of Hohenstaufen is represented .Outside the town is the pilgrimage-church of St. Salvator, with two chapels hewn in the rock . The monastery of Gottes - Zell is now aprison .Omnibus from Gmünd to Süssen ( p . 16 ) twice daily in 3 hrs . (fare 1 m. 40 pf. ). Ascent of the Rechberg, see p . 26.38 M. Unterböbingen . The Rosenstein (2398 ft . ), crowned with the ruins of a castle, ascended in 1/2 hr. from (401/2M .) Möglingen,commands a magnificent view of the entire Alb. At (431/2M .) Essin 246 Route 12.AALEN.gen the line crosses the watershed (1719 ft.) between the Rems and Kocher, and then descends into the Kocherthal.47 M. Aalen ( Krone ), once a free imperial town (pop. 6600 ), lies at the confluence of the Aal and the Kocher.FROM AALEN TO ULM, 45 M. , by railway in 21/2 hrs. ( fares 5 m. 75,3 m. 85, 2 m. 45 pf. ). Stations Unterkochen , Oberkochen. Then (9 M.)Königsbronn , with considerable iron -works , situated at the point where the Brenz takes its rise in the picturesque Brenztopf or Königsbrunnen .The train then follows the smiling Brenzthal. 12 M. Schnaitheim; 14 M. Heidenheim ( * Ochs; * Krone; Taube ) , a thriving industrial town with 6200 inhab ., commanded by the picturesque ruins of Hellenstein . Then stations Mergelstetten , Herbrechtingen, with an early -Gothic church- choir, and Gien gen, an old town on the Brenz, the Gothic church of which possesses two towers. Beyond stat. Sontheim the line quits the valley of the Brenz and turns S.W. to Nieder - Stotzingen . The following stations are Rammingen ,Langenau , a well-built little town with 3650 inhab ., Unter- Elchingen , the scene of the battle (14th Oct. , 1805 ) from which Ney acquired his ducal title , and Thalfingen . The train then crosses the Danube and reaches (45 M. )Ulm ( p. 17) .The line now runs towards the N. along the right bank of the Kocher . At (481/2 M. ) Wasseralfingen (Zur Eisenhütte) are exten sive iron-works ( interesting little rack -and -pinion railway ascending to the shaft on the hillside) . The train here quits the Kocherthal and ascends a sharp incline to (511/2 M.) Goldshöfe ( junction for the Ellwangen and Crailsheim line, p. 44) , where it diverges to the E. On a height to the right, between ( 54 M.) Westhausen and (57 M.)Lauchheim, is the Kapfenburg , once a Teutonic Lodge. Beyond Lauchheim the line is carried through the watershed between theRhine and the Danube by means of deep cuttings and a tunnel (710 yds . ), and enters the narrow and picturesque Eger - Thal. Above Bopfingen to the right , rises the ruin of Flochberg , to the left,the Ipf ( 2237 ft.).64 M. Bopfingen (König v . Württemberg ), once an imperial town .The Gothic Church of St. Blasius contains a winged altar-piece by F. Herlen ( 1477) and a ciborium by H. Böblinger (1510).The line now enters the Ries ( p. 90). 76 M. Trochtelfingen;68 M. Pflaumloch.71 M. Nördlingen , p . 89. From Nördlingen to Nuremberg,see R. 21 .NABAVARIA .1>913. From Frankfort to Nuremberg by Würzburg .145 M. RAILWAY in 6-11 hrs.; express fares , 21 m . 70, 15 m . 10 pť.;ordinary, 18 m . 85 , 12 m, 55 , 7 m. 80 pf. - Trains for Hanau now startfrom the w. Station, on the left bank of the Main , as well as from the E. , or Hanau Station , generally corresponding with the others at Hanau . Frankfort, see Baedeker's Rhine. Soon after the E. Station is quitted , Bornheim is passed on the left, while Offenbach ( see be low) is seen on the opposite bank of the Main . 3 M. Mainkur;6 M. Dörnigheim - Hochstadt; 9 M. Wilhelmsbad, with pleasant pro menades . On the Main , about 1/2 M. to the S. , is Philippsruhe,a château of Landgrave Ernest of Hesse . The train next crossesthe Kinzig .FROM FRANKFORT ( W. Station ) To HANAU, 13 M. , railway in 1/2 hr. ( fares 1 m. 60, 1 m. 20, 80 pf.). The train crosses the Main below Frankfort.2 M. Sachsenhausen , a suburb of Frankfort; 3 M. Oberrad. 5 M. Offenbach ( Stadt Kassel ), a manufacturing town with 28,600 inhabitants , which owes its prosperity to French refugees who settled here at the end of the 17th and the beginning of the 18th century. Offenbach fancy - goods rival those of Paris , Vienna, and Berlin , and it also possesses important machine factories, foundries, and manufactories. The townis commanded by the old castle of Isenburg, built in 1564-72. 9 M. Mühlheim; to the left, on the Main , is the village of Rumpenheim , with a château of the Landgrave of Hesse -Cassel. 129/2 M. Klein - Steinheim . The train then crosses the Main ,and enters the E. station of Hanau .11 M. Hanau ( * Adler, opposite the post-office; Riese; * Carlsberg),a pleasant town , in the fertile Wetterau , with 23,040 inhabitants .The more modern part of the town owes its origin to Flemish and Walloon Protestants , who were banished from the Netherlands on account of their creed in 1597. The handicrafts practised by them ,such as the manufacture of silk and woollen goods , and of gold and silver trinkets, still flourish . In the Parade- Platz is the house inwhich the brothers Jacob ( 1785-1863) and William Grimm ( 1786 1859) were born; it is distinguished by a marble tablet, and is now used as a police - office.FROM HANAU TO EBERBACH , 55 M. , railway in 21/4-3 hrs . ( fares 7 m .5,4 m. 70, 3 m. 5 pf.). The train crosses the Main. Stations Klein - Auheim ,Hainstadt , ( 6 M.) Seligenstadt, with an interesting old Benedictine abbey.121/2 M. Babenhausen is the junction for Aschaffenburg and Darmstadt ( p . 19), and (22 M.) Wiebelsbach for another line to Darmstadt. The line then enters the Odenwald and ascends the valley of the Mümling. 251/2 M. Höchst;33 M. Michelstadt (Löwe). 36 M. Erbach (Burg Wildenstein; Preiss; Adler),the residence of Count Erbach , whose château contains a valuable * Col lection of armour and antiquities. Beyond (40 M.) Hetzbach - Beerfelden the train passes through the Krähberg - Tunnel, 3400 yds. in length , and de scends the valley of the Itterbach to (55 M.) Eberbach , on the Neckar (p . 56 ). For fuller particulars , see Baedeker's Rhine.From Hanau to Fulda and Bebra (for Leipsic and Berlin) , see Baedeker'sN. Germany.248 Route 13 . ASCHAFFENBURG. From Frankfort2->The district between Hanau and Aschaffenburg is uninteresting . To the left rises the Hahnenkamm . To the right Steinheim , asmall town on the Main with a conspicuous castle , is visible in the distance . 121/2 M. Gross-Auheim; 151/2 M. Kahl; 181/2 M.Dettingen, where the English , Hanoverian ,Austrian , and Hessian troops , commanded by George II . of England , defeated the French ,27th July , 1743. This was the first success decisively gained byAustria in the War of Succession . 22 M. Klein - Ostheim .251/2 M. Aschaffenburg (* Freihof, R, 2 m. , B. 75 pf. , D. 2 m.;

• Adler, R. 1 m. 50, B. 75 pf.; *Goldnes Fass, R. from 1 m. 20, B. 70 pf.; Georgi, Eisenbahn -Hôtel, both at the station), with 12, 200 inhab. , was for centuries the summer-residence of the Electors of

Mayence, but since 1814 has belonged to Bavaria. The Schloss, with its four lofty towers (191 ft. ), erected 1605-14, contains a library with valuable 'Incunabula' , and several books of the Gospels with well - executed miniatures (the finest is by Glockenton, an artist of Nuremberg, 1524); also a collection of 20,000 engravings and 382 pictures , several of them valuable, by Cranach, Grien, Grünewald ,and a number of Dutch masters .The * Stiftskirche (Pl . 14 ), or abbey - church , a Romanesque basilica , was founded in 980, but frequently altered and enlarged .Cloisters of the 12th century .The INTERIOR was skilfully restored in 1881-82. In the right aisle is a *Monument in bronze, with a gilded sarcophagus said to contain the relics of St. Margaret, and dating from 1540. In the choir is a monument of Albert of Brandenburg , Elector of Mayence , cast in 1525 during his life time, by P. Vischer, and opposite to it a Madonna by Joh. Vischer. To the right of the principal entrance is a large monument in alabaster of the last Elector, Frederick Charles Joseph ( d . 1802 ). The church also possesses three valuable paintings by M. Grünewald, who lived for some time at Aschaffenburg (Resurrection, Pietà, and St. Valentinian , belonging to the altar- piece in the Pinakothek at Munich) .The secular buildings attached to the Stiftskirche now contain the Municipal Collections , which are open to the public on Sun. from 10 to 12 and to strangers at other times on application to Herr Broili , the director . They consist of Roman antiquities found at Aschaffenburg ( votive tablets, altars , vases, bronzes) , prehistoric relics of the stone age , minerals of the district of Aschaffenburg ,reminiscences of the electoral period , etc.If the traveller on leaving the station turn immediately to the right, then outside the gate to the right again , and follow the di rection of the old fosse, he will reach the * Pompeianum (Pl . A, 2),a villa erected by King Lewis in 1824-49 in imitation of the ' House of Castor and Pollux' at Pompeii , and adorned with mural paintings .A mosaic on the wall was presented by Pope Gregory XVI . View from the platform ( fee ).About 3/4 M. to the E. of the town is a beautiful wood called the Fasanerie. - About 2 M. to the W., on the left bank ofthe Main, which is here crossed by a bridge, constructed in 1430, is the Schöne Busch (comp.the Plan), a royal park with a château, orangery, and inn.>BWitDDarmstadt RenauBahnhofBahnhofstMiltenberga Se Zollamt cuirasseLOtra&.seSITO $$ e ProsuAGURFrohsinresir GoticOMTL21ORUSPartuperantisch Βμήμματα2Haus பாரியாErthalstr

Bad lofgemüseeritrickeriSteingaSchlossKORSentaSchloss-PNmainadere ered1,3 SchultedgeLepaTasseExerzierplatzTeum - ictSandst3Wiraburgastr' sStr(Winterhalen70eBetgoSAeran4 LFrankfurt SaheehatiaineITEidschönenBuschElisabethen HospitaWolthofOberet SP tererAschaffen5Gas FreischaftsAnstalt DW Chechut.sufregardeHe Philosophy ASCHAFFENBURG .Speisesaal1: 13.00030 100 200 19MeterWachthauscherPOURSche1.Bezirks-Gericht B4. Kirchen:bdITRAGET 2. Bildotgs Anst. C.3. 10.AgatharkircheB.2.3.Casino B.C.3 . 11.Pfarrkirche B -3 . Dörfchen 1.Eng Fräulein -Inst. B.3. 12. Prot.Pfarrk.B.3.5.Porstscaite D.4.13.Sandjairche . D.3 .B.Gewerbeschule B.12. 14.Stiftskirche . C.3 .7.Kapuzinerldoster A.2. 15.Studienk . B.3.8.Kaserne C.D.2.16.Rathaus C.4 . Kgl Park 9.krankenhaus D.4 . t7 Theater B.3. SCHÖNBUSCH.ArBambergD WÜRZBURC .urter10023ResidenzPlatzWaisenmanito SenestDimiliarlorpromeBahnhofpl.inRavleOb.OntKITAowoteICURECongo PlateParadePLEIBahnhof Burua A.2.uPost2.Bank C.2 . 15,300: B.2. 300 3.Bürger Spual sod Meter Frohnfeste 4. 4CD. 5.Frrichthalle B.2 .6.Gewerb -Schule C.2 .7.Grijmnasım D.3 8.JuliusspitalAB.2.3KirchenSuprkhard 9.D.4 .10. Dom C.2.3 11. Haugerk . A2 12. Marion Kar B.313. Michesk . D.2 .14. Neubau R. D.2.3 15. Peters K. D.216.Mewununster C.3 .12. Protectant.k . D.2 .KlösterB.2.3 18. Dominikaner19. Franziskaner D.3 . 20. Post u.Telegraph .B.12 C.1 .Wolunang 21. Praesident322. Reyierung D.223. Residenz .c.124. Seminar D.2.25. Theater B.226.Universitat D2.3.B.3Echters Denkmal 27. JuliusHarmonie 28. 2.C. Hôtels .a.Russ .Hof B.2h Sächs Hof Wittetsb ib.Kronprinz.c..Hof 4c.Mirtemb C.3B.3.k.Schwan a.Rüymer C.2 .1.Landsberg B.2B.2 e.Frink .Zuf Kapsus f.Adler B.383Dominio Marla de.P1Casernemfanrio ne43HolzmUnteresMaingiaiSeloymienJuhi'thMarqueகேBaderollamderTh Krone Vienpf PartsStaats aren Kaserne 03Marienberg ngamto Nuremberg. LOHR, 13. Route. 49FROM ASCHAFFENBURG TO MAYENCE, 461/2 M., by the direct railway in 3 hrs. ( fares 6 m. 25, 4 m. 15, 2 m. 70'pf.). The direct through - trains from Mayence (and Cologne) to Munich and Vienna travel over this line.9 M.Babenhausen is the junction for Hanau and Eberbach ( p . 47). Darm stadt, the principal station, and Mayence, see Baedeker's Rhine.FROM ASCHAFFENBURG TO AMORBACH, 28 M., railway in 2 hrs . (fares 3 m. 70 , 2 m . 45 , 1 m. 60 pf.) . Soon after quitting the station the line sweeps round towards the s ., passing the Fasanerie (see above) on the left. It then traverses the fertile district on the right bank of the Main ,where vines and fruit-trees are extensively cultivated. 4 M. Obernau;51/2 M. Sulzbach , about 31/2 M. to the E. of which , in the Sulzbachthal,lie the picturesque baths of Sodenthal, with saline springs containing bro mine; 9 M. Kleinwallstadt; 11 M. stat. Obernburg, opposite which , on the other side of the river, is the little town of that name, with a busy tim ber -trade and active vine- culture. At (15 M.) Wörth , a small town with anold château, the train crosses the Main . 16 M. Klingenberg; the small town , known for its excellent red wine and fire-proof clay , lies on the opposite bank. 181/2 M. Laudenbach. 20/2 M. Kleinheubach (Adler), with a château and park belonging to Prince Löwenstein -Wertheim -Rosenberg.The chapel of the château is decorated with " Frescoes by E. Steinle. On the other side of the river lies Grossheubach , a little to the S.E. of which is the Franciscan monastery of Engelsberg, with a pilgrimage-church (view ).221/2 M. Miltenberg ( Engel; Riese), a prosperous little town of 3600 in hab. in a charming situation, stretching for a considerable distance between the river and the wooded height on its bank . Its quarries of variegated sandstone were known in the time of the Romans. The old château of the Electors of Mayence, built in the 15th cent. and destroyed in 1552,contains a good collection of antiquities and objects of art (admission free ). The Municipal Collection of Antiquities is exhibited in an old hospi tal. The town contains several interesting examples of timber-architectore (e.g. the 'Riese Inn) and some gate- towers. In the adjacent woods (1/2 M. to the E. of Kleinheubach) are the so-called Hain- or Hunnen - Säulen ('columns of the Huns' ), fourteen gigantic columns of syenite, the remains of a quarry of the Roman period, which appears to have been suddenly abandoned The train then passes Weilbach and reaches ( 28 M.) Amor bach ( Badischer Hof; Hecht ), a small town with 3300 inhab. and the seat of the Prince of Leiningen , whose handsome château of Wald - Leiningen is in the vicinity .The line now ascends towards the N.E. Beyond (32 M.) Laufach it passes through the long tunnel (1 M.) of ( 361/2 M.) Heigenbrücken and attains the elevated tract of the Spessart Mts . , one of the most extensive forest - districts in Germany. Numerous sequestered valleys are traversed , and cuttings in the red sandstone passed through. Beyond (45 M.) Partenstein the line descends into the Lohrthal ,and at (49 M.) Lohr (* Post; Röder ), a small manufacturing place ,reaches the Main , which it follows till Würzburg is reached.FROM LOHR TO WERTHEIM, 23 M. , railway in 14/4 hr. (fares 3 m ., 2 m. ,1 m. 30 pf.). The train ascends the pleasant valley of the Main, following the right bank ofthe winding river. 4.M. Rodenbach; 51/2 M. Neustadt am Main, with a fine Benedictine convent, reconstructed in 1862 and now occupied by the district -authorities. 91/2 M. Rothenfels (Anker, good wine),with large quarries and achâteau of Prince Löwenstein -Wertheim -Rosen berg. 11 m . Hafenlohr; 124/2 M. Marktheidenfeld (* Krone ), where a hand some bridge crosses the Main . Just before reaching ( 16 Ú. ) Trennfeld we observe, on the right, the château of * Triefenstein , once an Augustinian provostry and now the property of Prince Löwenstein -Wertheim -Freuden berg; the château , which lies in a beautiful park , is very handsomely fitted up ( tapestry , collection of arms) and commands a charming view .21 M. Kreuzwertheim; 23 M. Wertheim , see p . 55 .Near (58 M.) Gemünden the line crosses the Franconian Saale,BAEDEKER'S S. Germany. 5th Edit. 450 Route 13. WÜRZBURG. From Frankfortwhich here falls into the Main. The little town lies picturesquelyon the slopes of the Spessart and Rhön Mts . , commanded by the ruins of the Schorenberg, which was destroyed in 1243. The red road ascending the wooded hills to the left leads to Hammelburg (p . 68; diligence daily in 31/2 hrs . ) .From GEMÜNDEN TO Elm , 281/2 M., railway in 11/2 hr. ( fares 3 m . 80 ,2 m . 90, 1 m. 90 pf. ) . The line runs through the pleasant Sinnthal; Stations Rineck , Burgsinn, Mittelsinn , Jossa ( to Brückenau , see p . 68), Sterbfritz,Vollmerz (in the neighbourhood to the E. the ruins of Steckelburg, once the seat of Ulrich von Hutten ); then Elm, a station on the Bebra -Hanau Railway (see Baedeker's Northern Germany).From GEMÜNDEN TO SCHWEINFURT, 311/2 M. , railway ( Wernthal Bahn ),in 13/4 hr. Beyond (2 M.) Wernfeld (seebelow ) the line turns to the left and enters the fertile and smiling Wernthal, through which it runs, now on one , now on the other side of the stream . 4 M. Gössenheim , 21/2 M. to the N. of which is the ruined castle of Homburg; 7 M. Eussenheim;11 M. Thüngen, with a château; 14 M. Müdesheim; 17 M. Arnstein , a small town with an old château; 21 M. Mühlhausen . The line now quits the Wernthal, passing Schloss Werneck ( p. 65 ) on the N.E., and at ( 25 M.)Weigolshausen joins the railway from Würzburg to (311/2 M.) Oberndorf Schweinfurt (p . 65 ).The valley of the Main expands . 591/2M . Wernfeld. 66 M. Karl stadt, once the fortified frontier-town of the ancient episcopal see of Würzburg, and still surrounded with walls and towers , is said to have been founded by Charles Martel, and extended by Charle magne . Professor Bodenstein , the first of the Puritanical icono clasts , is mentioned in the history of the Reformation as ‘ Karlstadt ,from having been a native of this place . On the opposite hill the ruined Karlsburg. Laudenbach on the left bank of the Main has achâteau of Prince Wertheim, which was destroyed during theWar of the Peasants . 71 M. Retzbach; 73 M. Thüngersheim;: 77 M. Veitshöchheim , with a royal château and park . Opposite the wine producing Steinberg lies the old monastery of Oberzell, now a man ufactory.81 M. Würzburg . Hotels. *RUSSISCHER HOF (Pl. a; B, 2) , Untere Theater -Str. , near the station, R. 2, B. 1, L. & A. 1 m .; * KRONPRINZ VON BAYERN (Pl. b; C, 2 ), Residenz-Platz'; *WÓRTTEMBERGER HOF (Pl . C; B , 3) ,in the Markt , R. & A. 2 m., B. 80 pf., D. 24/2 m. * FRÄNKISCHER HOF(Pl . e; B, 2 ), Spiegelgasse; SCHWAN ( PÍ. K; C, 4 ), Büttnersgasse, with view of the river, well spoken of; *ADLER (Pl. f; B, 3 ), Marktgasse; RÜGMER ( Pl. d; C , 2), near the theatre and the post-office; * LANDSBERG ( PÍ. 1; B, 2) ,Semmels- Str. - WITTELSBACHER HOF (Pl. i); PFEUFFER'S HÔTEL GARNI.Restaurants. Haderlein , Dominikaner-Platz , with garden; Goldene Traube, Julius-Promenade; " Bürgerspital (Pl. 3; B , 2) , wine-room , Sem mels- Str ., at the corner of the Obere Theater -Str. , closed at 5p.m. BEER. Platz'scher Garten , to the right, outside the Rennweger Thor ( Pl.C , 1 ), concerts several times weekly; Letzter Hieb, a garden -restaurant about 3/4 M. farther on, with fine view; Hutten'scher Garten , outside the Sander-Thor (Pl . E, 3 ), etc. Cabs. From the station to the town: with one horse , 1:2 pers. 60,3-4 pers . 80 pf.; with two horses 70 or 90 pf. Drive in the town, 40 and 60 , or 50 and 70 pf.River Baths. Spengler , Burkarder- Str.; Dr. Wirsing , Strohgasse;

• Tivoli, in the Main Suburb, with garden and restaurant.

Würzburg (560 ft .), one of the most ancient and historically important towns in Germany (51,000 inhab . , 5000 Prot. ), and of7to Nuremberg.WÜRZBURG. 13. Route. 51very interesting exterior, was formerly the seat of a prince -bishop and is now the capital of the district of Lower Franconia. The first bishop, Burcardus, was consecrated by St. Boniface in 741 ,and from that date down to 1803, when Würzburg was incorporatedwith Bavaria, an uninterrupted line of 82 bishops ruled the diocese.The bishops soon attained to great wealth and power, and were made dukes of Franconia in 1120. In the 17th and 18th cent. thesee of Bamberg was often subject to the bishop of Würzburg. From 1805 to 1813 Würzburg was the capital of a state of the Rhenish Confederation . The fortifications were removed in 1869-74.The extensive royal * PALACE (Pl. 23; C , 1) , formerly the residence of the bishops , was erected in 1720-44 in imitation of that of Versailles . It is 550 ft. long, 290 ft. deep , and 70 ft. high ,and contains 7 courts, 283 rooms, a chapel , and a theatre.The principal STAIRCASE , in the central structure, to the left, is very imposing; its lofty ceiling is adorned with a fresco by G. B. Tiepolo , re presenting Olympus and the four quarters of the globe. The ceiling painting in the large KAISERSAAL , depicting the marriage of Emp. Fred erick I. and Beatrice of Burgundy, which took place at Würzburg in 1156 , is also by Tiepolo. The CeLLARS , probably the most spacious in Germany, contain 200 casks of excellent Franconian wine produced by the royal vineyards. The palace is open to the public daily, 8-5; visi tors ring in the back -court of the left wing. Adjacent is the office of the cellarer .The * Palace Garden , laid out in 1729 and afterwards frequently altered, is a favourite promenade.In the wide Hofstrasse , which leads from the palace to the ca thedral, is the Maxschule (Pl. 6) , a Gothic building with wings,containing the commercial and grammar schools and the collections of the polytechnic and historical society ( third floor ).The principal church is the CATHEDRAL (Pl . 10; 0, 2, 3) , in the Parade-Platz , an extensive cruciform basilica in the Roman esque style , consecrated in 1189 , extended and embellished in.1240 (to which date the four towers belong).The INTERIOR was marred by restoration during the 18th century. It contains numerous monuments of bishops , the finest of which are those of Bibra ( d. 1519) and Scherenberg (d. 1495) , by the 6th and 7th pillars on the right side of the nave, executed byRieſenschneider (p. 62) . The left aisle contains several fine brasses with low reliefs , among which that of Peter von Aufsess (d. 1522) may be specified (at the 9th pillar). On the left side of the nave is a font of 1279. The altar- pieces date from the 17th and 18th centuries .Adjoining the cathedral on the N. is the Court House , next to which rises the Neumünster Church (Pl. 16; C, 2 ), dating from the 12th century . The red rococo façade was constructed in 1711-19 by Pezani , the dome was added in 1731. The well-proportioned interior was decorated with stucco and gilding in the 18th century . The Leichenhof ( Pl. C, 3) , a small square between the Neu münsterkirche and the cathedral, was the old burial - ground of Würzburg. In it is a Mount of Olives of the 18th century. On the exterior of the choir of the Neumünsterkirche is a tablet erected-4 *52 Route 13 . WÜRZBURG. From Frankfort7in 1848 to the memory of Walther von der Vogelweide(d. 1230),the greatest of the mediæval German minstrels , who was interredin the old cloister. Of the two inscriptions that in German is by King Lewis I.A sum of money was left by the minstrel for purchasing food for the birds , and a vase was placed on the top of the original tomb for this purpose. The new monument is similarly provided, but the bequest has long since been diverted to the use of the canons themselves.We now proceed to the MARKT (Pl. B, C, 3), in which rises the * Marienkapelle (Pl. 12) , an elegant Gothic structure, with beauti tiful portal and slender tower, erected in 1377-1441 , and restored in 1856. The reliefs on the three portals (Annunciation, Last Judgment, Virgin enthroned) are coeval with the church. The sta tues adjacent to the S. portal and in the choir are by Riemen schneider. The tasteful cap of the tower was added at the recent restoration . Adjoining the church on the right is the house Zum Falken , handsomely decorated in the rococo style.To the S.W. of the market-place lies the old Rathhaus ( Pl. C, 3),the most venerable part of which, the so - called Grafeneckartsthurm ,dating from 1456, faces the Domstrasse . In the same street is the Vierröhren - Brunnen , a fountain erected in 1733. The Domstrasse leads to the Main bridge, see below,The Stifthaug Church ( P1. 11; A, 2 ), near the station, with two towers and a lofty dome , was built in 1670-91 by Petrini, in the rococo style . The interior is overladen with gilding .In the vicinity are the extensive buildings of the * Julius- Spital (Pl . 8; A, B, 3 ), an admirably organised hospital and school of me dicine. The Anatomie, added in 1852, contains a number of medical collections . The property of the hospital is computed at 9 million marks ( about 450,000 1. ); 600 persons , of whom 300 are patients,are daily boarded and lodged here. The Statue ( P1. 27; B, 3 ) of the founder , Bishop Echter v . Mespelbrunn (d. 1617) , in the Julius Promenade , is by Schwanthaler. Behind the hospital lies the Bo tanical Garden .In 1582 the same bishop founded the UNIVERSITY ( Pl. 26; D, 2, 3) , which is attended by 900 students, chiefly medical. It pos sesses zoological, mineralogical, geological, andphysicalcollections,and also a museum . The library contains 200,000 volumes The University Church ( Neubaukirche ), built in 1587-91, exhibits acurious mixture of the Gothic and Renaissance styles . - In the vicinity is the Protestant church of St. Stephen (P1, 17; D, 2 ), the interior of which is tastefully decorated in the rococo manner ( 1782-89); it was originally the church of a Benedictine abbey .The Bridge ( Pl. C, 4 ) over the Main , 650 ft. in length , con structed 1474-1607, is adorned with statues of saints. On the left bank, above the bridge, rise the grey towers of St. Burkard (Pl . 9;D, 4) , the only church of Würzburg which has retained its ancient exterior intact , erected in 1033-42 in the Romanesque style andto Nuremberg. KITZINGEN . 13. Route. 53restored in 1168. The late -Gothic choir dates from 1494-97. In theinterior, however, it has shared the same fate as the other churches . The nave contains a late-Romanesque offertory - box in sandstone,and the S. transept a carved altar of 1590.The Burkardergasse leads through a vaulted passage below the choir of St. Burkard to the Burkarder- Thor ( Pl . D, 2 ). The first road which diverges from the Mergentheim road to the right beyondthe gate is the ' Leistenstrasse' , in the vicinity of which a good variety of wine named the Leistenwein is produced . The second road diverging to the right from the high - road (at the garden restaurant of Leimsud) leads to a Station Path , which ascends in 10-12 min, to the NICOLAUSCAPELLB ( Käppele') , an octagonal pilgrimage- chapel, built in 1748-92 and containing some good altar pieces. The terrace in front of the church affords a fine * View of the town and fortress, now somewhat interrupted by the trees.On the hill opposite Würzburg , 426 ft. above the river , rises the fortress of MARIBNBERG , constructed about 1650 on the site once occupied by a Roman fort and afterwards by an episcopal castle , which was captured by Gustavus Adolphus in 1631. To reach the fortress we cross the bridge, turn to the right , and then ascend to the left by the ' Erste Schlossgasse' ( 12 min. ). We apply to the guard above the second covered gateway and are conducted to several fine points of view (fee 50 pf. ).In 1525 the insurgent peasantry lost time and broke their strength in a vain attempt to capture this castle, after which the episcopal troops entered thetown and executed 60 of the ringleaders . Near Würzburg the Archduke Charles defeated the French General Jourdan in 1796. In 1866 the campaign of the Prussian army of the Main terminated at Würzburg with the bombardment of the fortress ( 27th July) . The armistice was con cluded on the following day.Railway to Bamberg, see R. 16; to Munich, see R. 24; to Heidelberg,see R. 14.The line to Ansbach (p. 103) and Gunzenhausen diverges here .The next stations on the Nuremberg line are ( 86 M.) Rottendorf and (90 M.) Dettelbach; the town of Dettelbach lies on the Main,3 M. to the E. 951/2 M. Kitzingen ( * Schwan; Rothes Ross; Stern ), on the right bank of theMain , a prosperous commercial town, with 7000 inhab .,famous for its beer, is connected by an ancient stone bridge, 885 ft.long, with Etwashausen on the left bank of the Main . In 1525 the Margrave Casimir caused seven of the burghers to be executed in the market- place, and many others to be deprived of sight , as a punish ment for their participation in the insurrection of the peasantry .On a hill near the station, 3/4 M. to the S.W. of the town , are the town Waterworks, the water of which is pumped up from the Main by steam - power. The Neue Schiesshaus , on the hill above the sta tion , commands a charming view of the vine-clad hills of the Mainand of the Steigerwald with the Schwanberg .The line crosses the Main by a handsome bridge , 70 ft. high54 Route 13 . FÜRTH.2and 870 ft. long, and leads towards the S.E. through a hilly district,passing near the base of the Schwanberg. Stations Mainbernheim (where the Main is crossed ), Iphofen , Markt- Einersheim , Hellmitz heim, Markt- Bibart, Langenfeld, and (120 M.) Neustadt an der Aisch ,a hop -trading place, with remains of ancient walls and towers (3600 inhab .).BRANCH RAILWAY by Dottenheim and Ipsheim to ( 10 m. ) Windsheim ,a small and ancient town on the Aisch , formerly a free town of the em pire , and still surrounded with walls .Beyond (125 M.) Emskirchen the line crosses the Aurach by afine viaduct, 132 ft . in height . 128 M. Hagenbüchach; 134 M. Sie gelsdorf ( branch - line to Langenzenn ); 1361/2 M. Burgfarnbach, with a château of Count Pückler and a brewery of high repute . Therailway now crosses the Rednitz (to the right the Alte Feste , see below).140 M. Fürth ( Hôtel Kütt; Eisenbahn - Hôtel) is a thriving commercial and manufacturing town (31,000 inhab . , 3000 Jews) , vying with Nuremberg in its staple commodities of toys and fancy -articles.The very extensive manufactories of gold-leaf and of mirrors areworthy of a visit . The modern Rathhaus with its lofty tower is aconspicuous building. The Gothic Church of St. Michael (14th cent . )contains a beautiful late-Gothic *Ciborium, 25 ft. in height. TheRednitz, which unites with the Pegnitz below the town and forms theRegnitz, is crossed by a railway and a suspension-bridge .On an eminence on the Rednitz, 2 M. to the S.W. , lies the Alte Feste,near whichthe battle between Gustavus Adolphus and Wallenstein, which compelled the Swedish monarch to retreat , was fought on 4th Sept. , 1632.The head- quarters of Gustavus were at the inn " Zum Grünen Baum ', in the street now named after him. Six different attacks on the intrenchedcamp of Wallenstein proved unsuccessful. Extensive view from the tower,near which is a large garden- restaurant much patronised by the Nurem bergerg.Between Fürth ( junction for the line to Bamberg , p . 65) and (5 M.) Nuremberg, besides the government -railway, trains also run hourly ( in 1/4 hr. ) on the Ludwigsbahn ( station at Nuremberg out side the Spittler-Thor) , the oldest line in Germany ( 1835 ). The railway crosses the Ludwigs-Canal before (141 M. ) Doos, runs for some distance parallel with it , and then turns to the E. into the (145 M.) Nuremberg station (p . 78 ).A tramway- line between Fürth and Nuremberg was opened in 1881.714. From Würzburg to Heidelberg.99 M. Railway in 41/2-63 /4 hrs.; fares 12 m. 80 , 8 m. 50 , 5 m . 50 pf.The line coincides with the Munich line as far as (3 M.) Heidingsfeld (p . 103); here it diverges to the right, and ascends slowly through a monotonous hilly region. 61/2 M. stat . Reichenberg; thevillage lies in the valley to the left, and is overlooked by a handsome château on the mountain-side . 10 M. Geroldshausen . The Baden frontier is crossed just before the train reaches (14 M.)WERTHEIM. 14. Route . 55Kirchheim . The line now descends , and beyond (17 M. ) Wittig hausen is carried through some deep cuttings and a tunnel . Thewoods and meadows of the valley of the Grünbach are then travers ed , till at (201/2 M.) Zimmern a vine - growing district is reached .221/2 M. Grünsfeld , an old town , part of the walls of which are still standing. The handsome church contains a fine monument to aCountess von Wertheim (a . 1503) . Beyond ( 251/2 M. ) Gerlachsheim the train crosses the Tauber, and proceeds to the left to ( 27 M. )Lauda (* Railway Restaurant) , the junction for the line to Wert heim.FROM LAUDA TO WERTHEIM , 191/2 M. , railway in 14/4 hr. ( fares 2 m . 60,1 m. 70 , 1 m. 10 pf. ). The line traverses the smiling valley of the Tauber.21/2 M. Distelhausen; 5 M. Tauberbischofsheim , the scene of an engagement between the Prussian and Wurtemberg troops in 1866; 71/2 M. Hochhausen;12 M. Gamburg, with an old castle . The train now crosses the Tauber twice, passes through two tunnels, and reaches ( 15 M.) Bronnbach , wherethere is an old Cistercian abbey, with a transition- church of the 12th century. 17 M. Reicholzheim. Then 191/2 M.Wertheim (* Badischer Hof, in the town; * Held , on the Main ,with river-baths, garden, and fine view; Löwe, Ochs, Löwensteiner Hof,for single travellers) , an old town with 3800 inhab ., the residence ofPrince Löwenstein -Wertheim -Freudenberg, is prettily situated at the influx of the Tauber into the Main, at the foot of a wooded hill , which is crowned by the extensive and tolerably well preserved ruins of a castle destroyed during the Thirty Years' War. Numerous quaint- lookinghouses of the 16th century. The situation of the town, with the imposing red sandstone ruin above it, somewhat resembles that of Heidelberg . The church contains a few fine monuments of the 15th and 16th centuries .Pleasant excursions may be made from Wertheim up and down the Main and into the valley of the Tauber. – From Wertheim to Lohr, see p . 49.281/2 M. Königshofen (Deutscher Hof ), an old town at the con fluence of the Umpfer and the Tauber, is the junction of the line for Mergentheim and Crailsheim . The insurgent peasants suffered a defeat here at the hands of the Truchsess of Waldburg during the Peasants' War in 1525.FROM KÖNIGSHOFEN TO MERGENTHEIM , 6 M. , railway in 18 min. ( fares 60, 40 , 30 pf.) . Stations Unterbalbach , Edelfingen . Mergentheim ( Hirsch,in the town; Deutscher Hof, at the station) is an old town on the Tauber,where the Master of the Teutonic Order resided down to 1805. Pop . 3700 .The extensive Schloss contains the natural history cabinet of Duke Paul of Wurtemberg. St. John's, in the late -Romanesque style (12th cent.), is the most interesting of the churches. The Karlsbad, near the town, with springs containing Glauber's salts, has lately come into notice ( Cursaal and Trinkhalle). From Mergentheim to Crailsheim , see p. 44.The line quits the Tauber, and turns to the W.into the Umpfer thal. 31 M. Unterschüpf; 33 M. Schweigern; 34 M. WölchingenBoxberg. At Boxberg are the insignificant ruins of a castle, quite recently destroyed . The church of Wölchingen (to the right) , acruciform pillared basilica in the transition-style of the 13th cent. ,possesses handsome portals and noteworthy Romanesque capitals .It contains some tombstones of the 14th and 15th centuries . Thetrain passes through a tunnel and reaches (41 M.) Eubigheim ,a prosperous - looking and prettily-situated village. The line then traverses the Kimachthal to Hirschlanden , Rosenberg, and (481/2 M. )56 Route 14 . OSTERBURKEN.2Osterburken ( Kanne ) , an ancient town on the site of a Romanfortress .· FROM OSTERBURKEN TO JAGSTFELD, 231/2 M. , railway in 11/4 hr. ( fares 3 m. 15, 2 m. 10 , 1 m. 35 pf. ) . The line crosses the Kirnach , and traverses the valley of that stream to Adelsheim , a small town on the E. spurs of the Odenwald. The Seckachthal is then followed to Sennfeld , Roigheim , and (10 M.) Möckmühl, an old town , still surrounded with walls and towers,at the influx of the Seckach into the Jagst, which was bravely defended by Götz von Berlichingen against the Swabian League in 1519; at the N. end of the little town are the extensive ruins of the castle. --The trainnow crosses the Jagst, and follows the left bank to Züttlingen , Neudenau ,Unter -Griesheim , and Jagstfeld (p . 41) .The Baden railway diverges to the right from the Wurtemberg line , passes through a tunnel , and begins to traverse pleasant wooded and grassy valleys , forming the S.E. ramifications of the Odenwald. 50 m. stat . Adelsheim , about 21/4 M. distant from the town of that name (see above). The line now leads through the Seckachthal , threads two tunnels , and reaches (53 M.) Seckach, athriving village with a modern Gothic church. Several more tun nels. 56 M. Eicholzheim; 57 M. Schefflenz; 60 M, Auerbach . Near (62 M.) Dallau the Elz is crossed . " 63 M. Neckarburken . 66 m.Mosbach /* Prinz Karl; Badischer Hof; Railway Restaurant) , anold and busy little town on the Elz.671/2 M. Neckarelz, at the confluence of the Elz with the Neckar.From NECKARELZ TO MECKESHEIM , 20 M. , railway in 1-11/ 2 hr. (fares 2 m. 50, 1 m. 70 pf. , 1 m. ) . The train crosses the Neckar and threads three tunnels, passing the small château of Neuberg on the right. Stations Asbach, Aglasterhausen, Helmstadt, Waibstadt (with a Gothic church ). We then follow the Schwarzbachthal. 151/2 M. Neidenstein , with a château;17 M. Eschelbronn . 20 M. Meckesheim , the junction of the Heilbronn and Heidelberg railway ( see p . 42) .From Neckarelz to Jagstfeld (and Heilbronn ), see p. 42 .The line now follows the course of the Neckar. Beyond (70 M.)Binau the train passes through a tunnel, 1/2 M. long . 72 M, Neckar gerach , with important quarries; on the hill is the ruined Minne burg, destroyed in the Thirty Years' War. 74 M. Zwingenberg, with a picturesque castle, now restored and the property of the grand -duke.80 M. Eberbach (* Leininger Hof; * Krone), an old town with abrisk trade in timber (4000 inhab.), is the junction for Hanau ( p. 41 ). The Katzenbuckel ( 1959 ft.), the highest of the Odenwald Mts . , commanding a very extensive view , may be ascended hencein two hours. Beyond Eberbach the train traverses the Feuerberger Tunnel, 330 yds. in length , and reaches (85 M.) Hirschhorn ( *Zum Naturalisten ), picturesquely situated at the foot of the imposing castle of that name . 87 M. Neckarhausen . 89 M. Neckarsteinach (*Harfe, with a garden on the Neckar), with four old castles of the valiant race of the Steinachs , surnamed the Landschaden (ʻland scourges' ). The Mittelburg, one of the castles , has been restored in the mediæval style. Opposite, on a lofty wooded hill , rises the ancient castle of Dilsberg. The train now crosses the Neckar .93 M. Neckargemünd ( Hirsch ), at the point where the NeckarALTENBURG. 15. Route. 57is joined by the Elsenz , and the junction of the line to Meckesheim and Neckarelz (see p. 56 ). The woods on both banks are occasion ally interrupted by quarries of red sandstone. Opposite ( 951/2 M. )Schlierbach is the abbey of Neuburg. A number of handsome villas are passed before Heidelberg is reached. At Heidelberg the train stops first at the Carlsthor station ( for the upper town) , and then passes through a long tunnel below the Schlossberg to the (99 M. )principal station (see Baedeker's Rhine).15. From Loipsic to Nuremberg by Bamberg.222 M. RAILWAY, express in 91/2 hrs. (fares 37 m. 10,27 m . 70 pf. ) , ordi nary trains in 13 hrs. ( fares 31 m . 60 , 23 m. , 16 m. 10 pf. ) . Express from Leipsic to Munich by Nuremberg in 14 hrs. (fares 58 m. , 43 m. 20 pf.); to Lindau by Nördlingen and Augsburg in 181/3 hrs. (fares 75 m . 30 pf. , 56 m .).Departure from the Bavarian Station. 51/2 M. Gaschwitz; 9 M. Böhlen; 13 M. Kieritzsch, where a branch diverges to Chemnitz .24 M. Altenburg ( Hôtel de Russie; * Hôtel de Saxe; Thüringer Hof), with 26,241 inhab. , is overlooked by the ducal Schloss , with its late -Gothic church (1410 ),situated in a fine park. The Museum ,near the station , contains a collection of old Italian pictures , besides copies , casts, and upwards of 300 Greek and Etruscan vases .36 M. Gössnitz, junction for Glauchau and Chemnitz on the E. ,and Gera on the W .; 42 M. Crimmitzschau; 481/2 M. Werdau ( junction for Zwickau ), all manufacturing towns , with extensive spinning and weaving industries. To the left , on a wooded hill stands thechâteau of Schönfels. 54 M, Neumark, junction for Greiz.59 M. Reichenbach ( Lamm; Deutscher Kaiser), with 16,500 inhab. ,is another busy manufacturing place. Carriages are changed here for Eger (see below) .The train now crosses the profound Göltzschthal by an imposing viaduct with four series of arches, 728 yds . in length and 285 ft.high in the middle. Far below, to the left , are the small town and castle of Mylau . 621/2 M. Netzschkau; 66 M. Herlasgrün ( branch line to Oelsnitz, see below ). The line then crosses the deep , wooded Elsterthal by another lofty viaduct .741/2 M. Plauen ( * Deil’s Hôtel; Grüner Baum; Engel), a manu facturing town on the Weisse Elster , with 35,082 inhab. , is the capital of the Voigtland. The old castle of Radschin was anciently the seat of the Voigt ( advocatus regni).FROM PLAUEN TO EGER , 46 M., railway in 21/2-31 /2 hrs. (fares 5 m. 90,4 m. 40, 2 m. 90 pf. ). This line , formerly traversed by most of the quick through -trains from Leipsic to Munich , leads through the picturesque Elsterthal, a hilly district with numerous manufactories. 2 m. Neundorif;6 M. Weischlitz (junction for the Elsterthal Railway to Greiz and Gera);71/2 M. Pirk; 12°/2 M. Oelsnitz (branch to Auerbach and Zwickau ); 201/2 M. Adorf ( branch to Chemnitz). Then (221/2 M.) Elster ( Hotel de Saxe, with the Cursaal; * Bauer; Wettiner Hof ) , a pleasant watering-place, with alka line and saline springs.The train now quits the Elster and crosses the watershed between the Elster and the Eger. 31 M. Brambach. At (37 M. ) Voitersreuth , the58 Route 15 . CULMBACH. From Leipsic52Austrian frontier-station , luggage is examined . 42 M. Franzensbad (p . 285 ) ,junction for Hof (see below ). 461/2 M. Eger ( p . 284; * Railway Restaurant);routeshenceto Carlsbad and Prague, see R. 44, to Pilsen and Vienna, see R.47 .82 M. Mehltheuer; 851/2 M. Schönberg. Beyond (901/2 M.) Reuth the train enters Bavaria. As Hof is approached , the blue outlines of the Fichtelgebirge (see Map, p . 72) become visible to the left.104 M. Hof (* Hirsch , at the station; * Lamm; Goldner Löwe;Rail. Restaurant), a well-built town on the Saale, with 21,000 in habitants . Gothic Rathhaus of 1563. On the Theresienstein ( * Restau rant) is the pretty public park . About 1/2 M. farther off is the La byrinthenberg, with a ruined castle and a belvedere. The rounded summit of the Döbraberg (2325 ft.) is visible to the W. , in the Franconian forest.From Hof a diligence plies daily in 4 hrs . to (151/2 M. ) Steben (2130 ft .; * Kur- Hotel; Anker; Pension Spörl),the most loftily situated chalybeate bath in Germany. The little town (1000 inhab . ) was almost entirely burned down in 1877 and has been rebuilt in an improved style. In 1796-97 Alexander von Humboldt filled the post of mining superintendent here;the house he occupied is denoted by a tablet. Excursions may be made from Steben to the * Höllenthal , to the Langenauer - Thal, and to Blanken berg, picturesquely situated on the Saale. Steben may also be reached from the N. by Eichicht and Lobenstein.From Hof to Wiesau (Ratisbon and Munich ), see p . 108. FROM HOFTO EGER , 39 M. , railway in 33/4 hrs. ( fares 4 m. 90 , 3 m. 30 , 2 m . 10 pf. ) . Stations Oberkotzau, Rehau, Selb , Asch ( Post), Franzensbad (p. 285 ). 39 M. Eger, see p. 284.The line traverses a hilly district, in the vicinity of the winding Saale . 109 M. Oberkotzau , junction for the new Fichtelgebirge Railway to Nuremberg by Schnabelwaid (p . 108 and R. 20 ); 112 M. Schwarzenbach; 1161/2 M. Seulbitz . From (120 M.) Münchberg (* Bayr.Hof) a carriage may be taken to Weissenstadt (p . 74 )over the Wald stein in 3 hrs . (7-8 m. ) 1261/2 M. Stambach. On the left rise the Grosse Waldstein (p. 74), Schneeberg (p. 74 ), and Ochsenkopf( p. 73),the highest summits of the Fichtelgebirge. 131 M. Stat. Falls Gefrees; the village of Gefrees lies in the Lübnitzthal , 3 M. to the E. 133 M. Markt- Schorgast lies in the valley to the right to Berneck, see p. 72 ). The construction of the line here is an ob ject of interest (gradient at first 1: 40; descent to Neuenmarkt 575 ft. ); cuttings , embankments, and dark ravines follow each otherin rapid succession . To the left in the distance is Himmelkron, the church of which is pointed out by tradition as the burial- place of the Countess of Orlamünde ( the ' White Lady' , d. about 1300 ), from whom a branch of the Brandenburg family is descended .138 M. Neuenmarkt ( junction for Baireuth , whence the line continues in one direction to Weiden, and in another to Schnabel waid and Nuremberg , see p. 72 and R. 20 ). 142 M. Unter- Stein ach , 3 M. to the N.W. of which lies the town of Steinach . Country picturesque, especially near (146 M.) Culmbach ( *Goldner Hirsch;

• Rail . Restaurant) , celebrated for its beer, formerly the residence of the Margraves of Brandenburg - Culmbach , on the Weisse Main ,

commanded by the Plassenburg , now a prison .

7to Nuremberg. LICHTENFELS. 15. Route . 592 m. ,mNear (149 M.) Mainleus , the Weisse and Rothe Main unite to form the Main , the broad valley of which is now traversed as far as Bamberg. At their confluence lies Schloss Steinhausen . 1521/2 M. Mainroth; 1551/2 M. Burgkunstadt, a little town with an old Rath haus and Schloss. Near ( 159 M.) Hochstadt the train crosses the Main , which here receives the Rodach from the N.FROM Hochstadt to STOCKHEIM , 154/2 M., a branch -line in 11/2 hr. ( fares 1 m. 35 , 85 pf.). The line runs through the pretty Rodachthal. Stations Redwitz ( at the entrance of the romantic Steinachihal), Ober- Langen stadt, Küps (a considerable village with a castle of the Von Redwitz fa mily ). 10 M. Kronach (Goldner Wagen or Post; Sonne ), a small town (3000 inhab .) picturesquely situated at the confluence of the Hasslach and Rodach , formerly fortified and bravely defended during the Thirty Years'War, the birthplace of the painter Lucas Cranach (1472). Above the town is the extensive fortress of Rosenberg. Thence through the Hasslachthal by stat. Gundelsdorf to Stockheim , near which there are valuable coal- mines.158 M. Lichtenfels (866 ft.; Anker, at the station; Krone), isthe junction of the Werra line (to Coburg and Eisenach , see Bae deker's N. Germany). Themonasteries of Banz on the right( 11/4 hr. ,carr . there and back 6 m .) and Vierzehnheiligen on the left (1 hr.,carr, there and back 41/2 m .) are conspicuous objects in the landscape . The pedestrian desirous of visiting both should proceed first from Lichtenfels to Vierzehnheiligen ( 1 hr. ), and thence to Banz (1 hr. ) and (1/4 hr. ) stat . Staffelstein (see below ).The once celebrated Benedictine Abbey of Banz , founded in 1096, was dissolved in 1803. The extensive buildings on a wooded height , 400 ft.above the Main ( 1380 ft. above sea-level), now belong to Duke Max of Ba varia . * View from the terrace . Valuable collection of fossils found in this neighbourhood , among which are fine specimens of the ichthyosaurus ,colossal belemnites, ammonites, etc. The collection of Egyptian antiquities is unimportant. A Descent from the Cross, a relief in silver , pre sented by Pope Pius VI. to his godson Duke Pius of Bavaria , is errone ously attributed to Benv. Cellini. * Inn at the château , suitable for aprolonged stay.Opposite Banz, at the same elevation, is the monastery- church of Vier zehnheiligen ( Hirsch ), the most frequented shrine in Franconia, visited by about 50,000 pilgrims annually. The church , with its two towers, was rebuilt in the rococo style in 1743-72. In the centre of the nave is an altar which marks the spot, where, according to the legend, the 14 ‘Noth helfer ' ( i.e. saints who help in time of need) appeared to a shepherd -boy in 1446, and gave rise to the foundation of the church. Looking through this altar from the high-altar, the visitor obtains a striking glimpse of Banz. In the two W. chapels are numerous thank -offerings , such as figures in wax,etc. - Visitors to Banz are not recommended to go to Vierzehnheiligenalso unless they mean to extend their excursion along the ridge to the ( 3 M.) chapel (Restaurant) on the verge of the precipitous Staffelberg.Near (162 M. ) Staffelstein the Staffelberg (1775 ft. ) rises abruptlyfrom the valley , surmounted by a chapel and commanding a view extending to the Schneekopf in the Thuringian Forest. Then onthe opposite side the Veitsberg ( 1515 ft . ), crowned with a chapel and ruined castle,and also affording a magnificent view . 1651/2 M. Ebensfeld; 169 M. Zapfendorf; 173 M. Breiten -Güssbach . Before the train reaches Bamberg ( see below) the line from Schweinfurt ( Würzburg, Aschaffenburg, Kissingen, etc. ) joins ours on the right,60 Route 15 .BAMBERG. From Leipsic184 M. Bamberg . Hotels. * BAMBERGER HOF (Pl. a; C, 3) , GrüneMarkt,R. from 14/2 , B.1 , D. 21/2, L. and A. 1 m .; DEUTSCHES HAUS ( Pl. b;D, 2 ), Königs-Str ., R. from 19/2, D. 2 m ., B. 80 pf.; * DREI KRONEN (Pl . d;C, 4 ), Lange-Str. Second - class: * ERLANGER HOF (Pl. c), at the station;GOLDNER ADLER ( Pl . e) , Königs-Str.Restaurants . Messerschmidt, Kapuzinergasse; Fischer , corner of theLange- Str . and the Promenaden-Str. (good Franconian wine at these);Schuberth, Tambosi ( with shady garden ), both on the Promenade. The beer gardens on the Stephansberg , Kaulberg , and Jakobsberg are much fre quented on summer- evenings; some of them command fine views.Cab into the town , with one horse 75 pf., with two horses 11/2 m.; to the Jakobsberg 1 or 2 m. , to the Michaelsberg 11/4 or 2/2 m. Withinthe town: '/4 hr. 50 pf. or 1 m. , 1/2 hr. 1 or 2 m. ,1 hr. 2 or 3 m .Post Office, Schiller - Platz . Telegraph Office, Au-Str. 17.Swimming Baths at the Theresienhain (p. 64 ), above the town.Bamberg (775 ft.), a handsome- looking town with 30,000 inhab .( 3000 Prot.), is situated in a very fertile district on both banks of the Regnitz, at its junction with the Ludwigs- Canal (connecting the Main and the Danube, but comparatively little used) and about 3 M. above its confluence with the Main . The town, which acquired municipal privileges before 973, was in 1007 made the seat of abishop , who was raised to the rank of archbishop in 1854. Since 1802 Bamberg has belonged to Bavaria . About half of the town is built upon a row of small hills , the highest point of which is crowned with several churches.The road from the station to the town to the cathedral 1 M.)traverses the 'Gärtnerei- Vorstadt, or garden -suburb. At the begin ning of the Königs - Strasse, on the left, is the old church of St. Gangolph (Pl. 5) , founded in 1063 , originally a Romanesque basilica,with a Gothic choir, but disfigured by alterations .The E. branch of the Regnitz is crossed by two bridges, the Sophienbrücke and the Kettenbrücke. The former, an iron bridge built in 1867 , leads to the modern part of the town (p. 64), but the chief stream of traffic flows across the Kettenbrücke, or chain -bridge ,constructed in 1828-29, from which the Hauptwach -Strasse runs to the S. to the Maximilians - Platz and the Grüne Markt.In the MAXIMILIANS- Platz, on the right, is the extensive Priests Seminary ( Pl. 19). In the centre rises an imposing Fountain , exe cuted in 1880 by Miller of Munich , and adorned with statues of Maximilian I. of Bavaria , Emp. Henry II . , his wife Cunigunde,Archbishop Otho the Saint, and Emp. Conrad III . ( with the banner of the Crusade). The old Church of St. Martin , which formerly stood here, was removed in 1803 .Farther on is the GRÜNB Markt, the principal street of the old town , where the vegetable -market is held in the forenoon . On the right stands the old Jesuit church of St. Martin (Pl . 2; C, 3) , built by Andr. Pozzo in the Renaissance style in 1686-1720. The interior,152 ft. long, 50 ft. wide, and 74 ft. high, is roofed with lofty bar rel vaulting.To the right diverges the Jesuiten-Strasse, in which (No. 8),>7isNoraB с Wiirdburg DHof FBAMBERG1GestabrikBalmhof92Kirchen:Dom 1. B.4.2.SiMartinsk . .C.33.StMichaelsk . .A3..Pfarrk +Obere B.4.3 . 5.SGangolf! D.E. 2.6.S!Jacob A.+Stefansk 7. C.3 .Alter Hof 8. B.L.Bauhof 9. E.1.2 .10. Bürger spital A.3.IlBathhaus19. Prohnfeste B.3.t.13. Erthal's Standbild B.+14. Post 0.+.13. PriestersenanarC.3 .16. Casernen B.3.C4.D. 1. .17. Residenz ,neue B.418. Theater D.u.19. Schönleins Denkan . 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to Nuremberg. BAMBERG . 15. Route. 61adjoining the church, is the Lyceum, formerly a Jesuit college. In the colonnade at the back of the court are the entrances to the Lin der Cabinet of Natural History (10-12; on the right) and to theLibrary (on the left). The latter, formed by the combination of the old Jesuit library with collections from several convents , now con tains 120,000 vols, and upwards of 3000 MSS.The library is open daily (except Sun. , Sat. , and holidays) 8-12 and 2-4; during the summer-holidays visitors are admitted from 9 to 12. Some of the most interesting contents of the library are exhibited under glass in the principal hall . Among these are several Gospels and missals of the Carlovingian period , including the so -called ' Bible of Alcuin ', probably written at Tours; prayer-books of Henry II and his wife Cunigunde, with fine Byzantine ivory diptychs of the 11th cent.; also numerous miniatures,rare printed works, and interesting drawings, water-colours, etc. , including several ascribed to Dürer (?) .Farther on in the Grüne Markt, to the left, is a Fountain , with a figure ofNeptune, erected in 1698. The Obstmarkt, a prolongation of the Grüne Markt, leads to the Steinbrücke, a bridge over the left arm of the Regnitz, completed in 1455 and embellished in 1715 with a Crucifixion in stone. On an artificial island adjoining the middle of the bridge stands the –Rathhaus (Pl. 11; 0, 4), erected in its present form in 1746 56; the exterior is covered with allegorical frescoes in the taste of the period. The old tower at the end of the bridge, with its elegant rococo balconies, also deserves notice. - A little lower down is aniron bridge, constructed in 1858. Above is another iron bridge cross ing from the right bank to the Geierswörth , an island on which stands an old episcopal palace, now used as a court of justice. The two chief bridges afford fine views of the river and town. - Fromthe Rathhaus bridge the Carolinen-Str. ascends direct to the CARO LINBN - PLATZ, which is surrounded by the cathedral, the old epis copal palace, and the present residence of the archbishop.The * Cathedral ( Pl. 1; B, 4) with its four towers, one of the finest Romanesque edifices in Germany (312 ft. long, 92 ft. wide,and 86 ft. high ), was founded by Emp. Henry II. in 1004 , but dates in its present form from the close of the 12th, and the be ginning of the 13th century. The W. choir , with the transept in front of it , is of later origin, perhaps dating from 1274, when an indulgence was granted to the promoters of the building, andthe nave provided with its pointedceiling. The four towers are 265 ft.in height; the two to the E. are in a pure Romanesque style , but the open - work turrets on the W. towers reveal the influence of theearlyFrench -Gothic style. A fifth tower, which formerly rose from the roof of the nave, was removed in 1766. The sculptures on the portals and in the interior are among the best examples of the German plastic art between the late - Romanesque and the early Renaissance periods.The sculptures on the PRINCIPAL PORTAL ( Fürstenthor ), which re sembles the Goldene Pforte' of Freiberg Cathedral, represent the Last Judgment , the Apostles , and symbolical figures of the Church and the62 Route 15. BAMBERG. From LeipsicSynagogue . The two smaller portals to the right and left ofthe E. CHOIR are also embellished with sculptures: those on the left door, the usual entrance to the cathedral , include figures of Adam and Eve , ss. Peter and Stephen, and the Emp. Henry II . and his consort Cunigunde.The * Interior (closed from 11 to 2) was judiciously restored by King Lewis I. in 1828-37 and relieved of the inharmonious decorations added inthe rococo period (. The sacristan, whoexhibits thechoir-stalls and treasury ,lives beyond the W. choir, entrance in the Carolinen - Platz; fee /2-1 m .).In the centre of the Nave is the * Sarcophagus of the founder Henry II.( d. 1024 ) and his consort Cunigunde (d. 1038), executed in a stone closely resembling marble by Riemenschneider, a distinguished sculptor of Würz burg, in 1499-1513. The reliefs on thesides represent scenes from their lives:1. The Empress proves her innocence by walking over red -hot plough -shares;2. She pays the workmen who erected the church founded by her; 3. The Emperor cured of an illness by St. Benedict; 4. He implores pardon for sin;5. His death. - Modern Pulpit by Rotermundt.To the left of the approach to the E. choir is an Equestrian Figure of Emp. Conrad III. , who died at Bamberg in 1153 and was buried in the cathedral (or perhaps of Stephen, King of Hungary, who was baptized here) . The stone screens separating the E. choir from the aisles are adorned with interesting sculptures, representing the Apostles and Pro phets ( in pairs) , St. George and the Dragon, and the Annunciation , all executed in the 12th century . The three fine statues on the N. side (Ma donna, Sibyl , an angel ) date from the end of the 13th century. Adjacent is the monument of the last prince -bishop ( d. 1808 ). The E. CHOIR contains the monument of the prince -bishop George II. ( d . 1505 ), executed in Peter Vischer's work -room , and the sarcophagi of Bishop Otho II . (d. 1196;Romanesque) and Bishop Günther (d . 1066; 13th century). The figure of Christ, in bronze, over the altar, was designed by Schwanthaler; so also the 22 reliefs of saints on the altar. The choir - stalls are modern. - TheCRYPT , below the E. choir, is in a severe Romanesque style; the vaulting is supported by 14 circular and octagonal columns. It contains a draw well and the simple sandstone sarcophagus of Emp. Conrad III .In the W. Choir is the low marble sarcophagus of Pope Clement II . (d.1047), who had been Bishop of Würzburg , with reliefs of the 13th century ,The tomb of George III . (d . 1522 ), executed by Loyen Hering , is one of the earliest Renaissance monuments in Germany. Three other monuments in the W. choir were executed by Peter Vischer or his pupils. The choir stalls are of the Gothic period .In the S. TRANSEPT, to the left of the W. choir , is an ivory crucifix supposed to date from the 4th cent. , and said to have been presented to thechurchbyEmp.Henry II . in1008. TheAntonius- Capelle contains an altar- piece by Lucas Cranach (1513 ) representing the Madonna in a gar land of roses , with saints and portraits of Emp. Max I. , the pope , and other princes of that period. The doors at the end of the s . transept lead to the sacristy and to the Nagel- Capelle (Chapel of the Nail) , which was added in the 15th cent, and contains 64 monumental brassés ( 1414 1540 ), a carved reredos of the 15th cent. , and an Entombment after Ann.Carracci. The TREASURY contains, among other curiosities , a nail of theTrue Cross in a mounting of the 15th cent. , the skulls of Emp: Henry II,and Cunigunde, the Emperor's crown, his sword , drinking-horn , and knife, combs of the Empress, a sacerdotal robe embroidered by her, and the end of St. Otho's crozier.The W. side of the Carolinen - Platz is bounded by the pictur esque Alto Residenz, with a lofty gable and handsome bow-window and portal , built in the second half of the 16th cent. on the site of an older episcopal palace, in which the Lombard King Berengarius died in captivity in 966 , and Count Palatine Otho of Wittelsbach slew the Emp. Philip in 1208. In front of it rises a monument to the prince-bishop Von Erthal (d . 1797), erected in 1865 .to Nuremberg. BAMBERG . 15. Route. 63The N. and part of the E. side of the square are occupied by theNeue Residenz (Pl. 17) , or New Palace, erected by Bishop von Schönborn in 1698-1704. The French Marshal Berthier, Prince ofNeufchâtel, lost his life here in 1815, while staying with his fatherin-law, the Duke of Bavaria , by falling from one of the windows.A white cross on the E. wall indicates the spot . In Oct. , 1806,Napoleon's headquarters were at the palace , from which he issuedhis declaration of war against Prussia .The Obere Carolinengasse, between the two palaces, leads from the Carolinen-Platz to the right to the Jakobsberg and the St. Ja kobskirche (P1 . 6; A, 4 ), a flat - roofed Romanesque church of the 11th cent. , with a Gothic choir of the 14th century. In 1771 the W. choir was replaced by a rococo façade , and in 1866 the whole church was restored , Beyond the E. choir, to the left, is the wellknown Porcelain Painting Establishment of C. Schmidt.We now continue our walk to the * Michaelsberg ( Pl. 10; A, 3),on which stand a conspicuous church and other buildings belonging to a Benedictine abbey founded by Emp. Henry II. The court,which we enter by the W. gateway, affords a good picture of a med iæval convent on a large scale , though most of the present build ings date only from the 18th century.The CHURCH OF ST. MICHABL ( Pl. 3); a Romanesque edifice of the 12th cent. , with Gothic additions , was entirely restored last century in the taste of the period .The INTERIOR contains the monuments of several bishops ( 16-18th cent . ) ,transferred hither from the cathedral . Behind the high - altar is that of St. Otho (d. 1139 ), dating from the 14th century; at the back is a painted statue of the saint , probably a relic of an earlier monument. The altarcontains his pastoral staff , mitre , and chasuble. The handsome rococo choir -stalls were executed in the 18th century.The S. E. wing of the abbey-building now contains the municipal GALLERY OF ART, consisting of about 500 pictures , mostly of no great value , and numerous small works of art in ivory, alabaster,and wood. Entrance adjoining the steps ascending to the church (adm. 50 pf. , catalogue 60 pf.).VESTIBULE. Large piece of tapestry of the end of the 15th cent. , with scenes from the Passion . Rooms I & II . Early German Masters,represented by 64 paintings by M. Wohlgemuth , Hans von Kulmbach, Hans Baldung Grien, Math. Grünewald, Lucas Cranach, and others. - Rooms III& IV . contain (according to the catalogue) 61 pictures by A. del Sarto,C. Dolci, M. Caravaggio , Sassoferrato , C. Maratta , Tiepolo , and other Italian masters, and 11 pictures by Spagnoletto and other Spanish painters. Rooms V, VI , & VII. Dutch and Flemish Masters of the 16th and 17th cent. , including C. de Crayer , Honthorst, Jordaens, Sal. Ruys dael, and Jan van Goyen. Roon VIII. French School. Room IX .Heller Collection: 319. Corn . Janszon van Keulen , Portrait; 322. A. Dürer,Head of St. Paul, a study. - Rooms X, XI, & XII, contain modern works, chiefly by natives of Bamberg and obscure Munich masters. No. 489 is a Head al fresco ' by Cornelius. The collection also includes water colours, crayon sketches, and miniatures.On the N. side of the church is the old abbe an almshouse . To the left are the secular buildings , which are occupied10V764 Route 15 . FORCHHEIM. From Leipsic2by a brewery and restaurant. The Convent Garden , laid out in the 18th cent., affords a fine *View of Bamberg ( Café , much visited in the evening ).To the W. of, and a little above the Michaelsberg, are the small church of St. Getreu and the Lunatic Asylum.From the Theresien - Platz a street ascends past the Obere Brücke (see above) to the S.W. to the Kaulberg, on the lower part of which , to the left, stands the Gothic * Obere Pfarrkirche (St. Maria , Pl. 4; B, 4, 5) , erected in 1320-87 and restored in the interior in the Jesuit style. The raised choir is flanked with handsome chapels. Good wood - carving on the organ by Veit Sto88 (1523). On the N. side is the Ehethür ( ' wedding-gate”), with an elegant porch borne by two slender columns .Beautiful walk to the( 1/2 hr.) * Altenburg ( cab with two horses 6m. ) . We follow the Kaulberg - Strasse, and ascend beyond the gate by a well-shaded road , and finally by footpaths. * Café at the top.The Altenburg, probably founded in the 17th cent. and after 1251 a castle of the bishops, was destroyed in 1553 by Margr. Albert of Brandenburg -Baireuth, but afterwards partly restored . Fine view from the tower (162 steps; afternoon light most favourable ). The restored chapel contains monuments ofthe16th cent. and stained glass .The Theresienhain (P1 . D, 5), a park on the S. side of the town on the Ludwigs- Canal, affords pleasant walks; it may be reached from the new town in 10-15 min . by the Sophien-Brücke (p. 60),the Sophien-Str. and the Hain - Str., or from the old town by the Geierswörth -Str . and the Müblendamm. Near the centre of the park is a popular café, and at the end of it , 2 M. from the town, is the prettily -situated village of Bug, also with a good café . Swim ming baths , see p . 60.Very pleasant excursion to Banz and Vierzehnheiligen (p . 59 ). -conian Switzerland, see p. 76.The environs of Bamberg resemble a vast orchard and kitchen garden, of which, however , little is seen from the railway. Pine plantations and hop -gardens are traversed . The railway , high-road,Regnitz , and Ludwigs-Canal run parallel to one another. 191 M. Hirschaid; 195 M. Eggolsheim . To the left on the height near Forch heim rises the Jägersburg , once a hunting - lodge of the bishops of Bamberg.199 M.Forchheim ( Schwan; Bayr. Hof; Zur Eisenbahn ), once a frontier- fortress of the bishops of Bamberg , was a place of some importance in the time of Charlemagne, and during the middle ages was the seat of several diets . Pop. 4000. The old Church con tains twelve scenes from the Passion, of Wohlgemuth's school. The spacious Schloss , of the 14th cent. , is now occupied by public offices. The rapid Wiesent falls into the Regnitz here. - Excursion to Franconian Switzerland, see p . 76.To the right, near (203 M.) Baiersdorf, are the ruins of ScharfenFranܕto Nuremberg. ERLANGEN. 15. Route. 65eck , destroyed by the Swedes in 1634. Beyond a tunnel of 374 yds .the Regnitzthal and Ludwigs-Canal are seen on the left.2081/2 M. Erlangen ( 1060 ft .; * Wallfisch; Blaue Glocke; Schwan;beer in the Gute Quelle; Rail. Restaurant) , with 14,876 inhab .(3000 Rom. Cath. ) , possesses a University ( 500 stud . , principally of theology), founded in 1743 by Margrave Alexander of Branden burg-Baireuth. In front of the building , which was originally the palace of the margraves, is a Statue of the founder by Schwanthaler. The Library contains several curiosities , including a Bible with miniatures of the 12th cent . , and a valuable collection of drawings by Netherlandish and German masters of the 15-16th cent . , in which Dürer is represented by about 20 sketches. The drawings , many of which are unfortunately injured, were perhaps collected by the artist Sandrart . The natural history collections are contained in the same building. The aula is hung with numerous portraits. The beautiful palace - garden , which now belongs to the university, contains an unfinished statue of the Great Elector and a large fountain with 45 statuettes said to be portraits of the first French refugees who settled here. The Holzmarkt is adorned witha bronze statue of Dr. Herz .The town is indebted for its regular construction to a fire in 1706, which destroyed most of the houses, and for its prosperity to French Protestants , who, being exiled from their country in con sequence of the revocation of the Edict of Nantes (1685) , transferred their industrial pursuits hither, and also to German Protes tants who took refuge here when the French devastated the Palatinate . Part of the town-walls has been removed to make way for the railway - station . The beer of Erlangen is in high repute . - TheAltstädter Berg, an outlying spur of the Franconian Jura, affords several pleasant walks; at Whitsuntide a large church fair is held at its base.The line crosses the Ludwigs Canal , and beyond stat . Vach unites with the Würzburg railway (see p. 54); to the right rises the Alte Feste ( p. 54). The Regnitz is then crossed; fine view of Fürth to the left. 217 M. Fürth, and thence by Doos to (222 M.)Nuremberg, see p. 54 .16. From Würzburg to Bamberg and Bairouth .Kissingen.RAILWAY to (62 M.) Bamberg in 21/9-51/4 hrs. (fares 15 m. 20, 10 m. 10 ,6 m. 50 pf.); from Bamberg to (59 M.) Baireuth in 31/4-61/2 hrs. ( fares 7 m . 60 , 5 m. 5 , 3 m . 20 pf.); express /sth higher. Beyond (5M .) Rottendorf ( p. 53), junction for Nuremberg, the line turns towards the N.E. 101/2 M.Seligenstadt; 14 M. Bergt heim (376 ft. above Würzburg, 257 ft . above Schweinfurt); 17 M. Essleben; 20 M. Weigolshausen, where the direct line to Gemünden ( p . 50) diverges ( to the left the lunatic asylum of Werneck ); 23 M.BAEDEKER'S S. Germany. 5th Edit, 566 Route 16. SCHWEINFURT. From WürzburgBergrheinfeld . 261/2 M. Oberndorf-Schweinfurt (Rail. Restau rant) , junction for the Gemünden (p . 50) , and Kissingen and Mei ningen lines (see below).About 2 M. to the S.E. of Weigolshausen , in a pleasant and pictur esque situation on the Main , lies Ludwigsbad Wipfeld (Curhaus, with rooms), with sulphur- springs and peat-baths containing sulphur and min eral constituents . Omnibus from Schweinfurt railway- station in 11/2 hr.;one- horse carr. from Weigolshausen or Seligenstadt 41/2 m .28 M. Schweinfurt ( *Rabe; * Deutsches Haus; * Krone, nearest the old station; Anker; Löwe) , with 13,000 inhab. , once a free town of the Empire. The handsome Rathhaus dates from 1570, the Jo hanniskirche from the 13th cent.; both have recently been restored .The Gymnasium , or grammar - school , was founded in 1631 by Gustavus Adolphus , whilst master of the town; in 1881 it was transferred to a handsome new building to the N. of the town .Machine-works, dye-works, and manufactories of sugar, etc. , flourish here . The poet Rückert was born in the Rückert- Str. at Schwein furt in 1788. A pleasant walk may be taken to the chief reservoir of the water-works , which commands a fine view of the town and environs.9-FROM SCHWBINFURT To KISSINGEN.14 M. Railway in 1 hr.; fares 2 m. 10, 1 m. 40, 90 pf. ( to Meiningen ,50 M., in 3 hrs .; fares 6 m . 50, 4 m. 30 , 2 m. 80 pf. ) . The railway diverges to the right from the Würzburg line at Oberndorf- Schweinfurt (see above). 51/2 M. Oberwerrn; 71/2 M.. Poppenhausen; 10 M. Ebenhausen , where the line to Meiningen (p . 68) diverges . It then skirts wooded hills , passes the ruin of Bodenlaube (a favourite excursion from Kissingen), and enters the valley in which this famous ' Bad' is situated .151/2 M. Kissingen . Hotels. * CURHAUS (Pl. 4); *RUSSISCHER Hof ( Pl . a ); *Hôtel VICTORIA (Pl. b ); *HÔTEL KAISER (Pl . c ), all adjoining the Curgarten; *SANNER (Pl. d) , open situation, dear; * ENGLISCHER HOF ( Pl . e) , in the town . HOLZMANN (Pl. i ) , Schmitt ( Pl . k ), both on the opposite bank of the Saale; ZAPF ( Pl. 1 ) , at the station , these three moderate. Second class: WITTELSBACHER HOF (Pl. f ), PREUSSISCHER HOF (Pl. h) , Post (Pl . g) , all in the town, and open in winter also. — HÔ tels Garnis: G. Hering jun . , Dr. Diruf, Villa Vier Jahreszeiten , Villa Altenberg, Villa Martin , Villa Diana, Villa Monbijou, Braun, all prettily situated on the right bank of the Saale . In the town: Frau von Balling,Gaetschenberger , with gardens; Hailmann, adjoining the Curgarten; Rieger ,Fleischmann , Villa Krumpf ,' these three in the Kurhaus-Str . The fol lowing are more moderate: Richter, D. Vay , Gleissner , Fürstenhaus,beyond the Saale; Will , Bergmann , in the town. Restaurant Feder:beck; wine at Ziegler's and Dauch's, in the market. Carriage with two horses to the salt-baths 11/2 m. , to Bocklet 5, Brückenau 15 , Gemünden or Lohr 25 m.; with one horse one-third less. For short drives in the town and environs there are fiacres with a fixed tariff.Reading Rooms at the Curhaus ( gratis ) and at the Casino by the Actien Badhaus (adm . for non- subscribers 50 pf.); also Hailmann's , by the Cur garten (per week 21/2, per month 6 m .).Theatre ( Pl. 13 ) daily during the season.Tax payable by patients whose stay exceeds a week: 30 m . for the head of a family, and 10 m . for each additional person , or 20 and 6 m. , 1to Baireuth . KISSINGEN. 16. Route. 67or 10 and 3 m. respectively , according to the rank of the parties. Children under fifteen and servants pay one-half less .Baths at the Curhaus and at the new Actien - Badhaus (see below).Bathing- hours 10-1 a.m. and 3-6 p.m.Kissingen (643 ft. ), the most frequented ' Bad' in Bavaria (3210 inhab. ), is picturesquely situated in the valley of the Franconian Saale, and surrounded by wooded mountains. The healing properties of the waters were known as early as the 16th cent . , and the Prince Bishops of Würzburg took the place under their protection . At the beginning of the present century , however , Kissingen was still asmall, unimportant village . The growing repute of the springs and increasing number of visitors have rapidly contributed to convert the place into a handsome and well-built town . It is now visited by about 10,000 patients annually , many of whom are English and Russians .The extensive Curgarten between the Curhaus and Cursaal,the principal promenade, is embellished with a Hygeia who imparts to the Rakoczy and Pandur their healing influence , and a statue of King Maximilian II . , both in marble, by Arnold, a native of the place. Onthe S.side are the most important drinking springs , the Rakoczy (300,000 bottles of which are annually exported) and the Pandur, a powerful salt-water impregnated with iron , and also used for baths; on the N. side is the Maxbrunnen , resembling Selters water. From 6 to 8 a.m. , the hour for drinking the waters , the Cur garten presents a lively scene , and a band plays in fine weather.After 8 it is deserted until the afternoon . From 6 to 8 p.m. theband again plays, and the fashionable world re-assembles .Opposite the garden , on the right bank of the Saale , stands the Action - Badhaus (Pl . 1 ) , a large edifice of one story , built of red sandstone, with two wings ( left, baths for ladies; right , for gentle men) , and an engine-house in the centre . Adjacent is the new Casino, with a reading-room and restaurant. A tablet on thehouse of Dr. Diruf, on the right bank , commemorates the at tempted assassination of Prince Bismarck in 1874.Pretty walk to the ruins of ( 20 min . ) Bodenlaube (p . 66) , the S. tower of which dates probably from the Roman era . The road to itpasses an interesting old lime-tree at Unterbodenlaube (the footpath is recommended for returning ). Other well-kept walks lead to theAltenberg , the Staffelsberg with its lofty oak , the Wichtelshöhlen,the Cascadenthal and Altenburger Haus, the Claushof, etc.During the German war of 1866 Kissingen was the scene of several well - contested engagements between the Prussians and Bavarians. The latter were, however , eventually obliged to yield. Considerable damage was done to several of the principal buildings, to the no small conster nation of the visitors. A few bullet-marks may still be observed on the houses on the farther bank of the Saale . Near the cemetery, ' /2 M. from the Curhaus, is a handsome monument in memory of the fallen .The Saline Springs with the extensive evaporating- sheds are situated on the Saale, about 11/2 M. to the N. , and are reached by75 *68 Route 16 . BOCKLET. From Würzburgwalks on both banks of the stream . A handsome bath - house hasbeen erected over the * Artesian Well, which is 330 ft. in depth (containing two per cent of salt , temperature 67° Fahr. ) and fre quently rises to a height of 10 ft. in its covered reservoir. A statue of Prince Bismarck has been set up in the vicinity.At the village of Hausen , 1 M. farther up the Saale , is the Schön bornsprudel, a shaft upwards of 2000 ft. in depth , by which it was in tended to reach an extensive stratum of salt . The work has, however,been given up , as it proved prejudicial to the other mineral springs at Kissingen. A square tower, 100 ft. in height , rises over the shaft and is open to visitors from 4 to 6 p.m. Bocklet, another watering- place with powerful chalybeate springs and mud-baths , quieter and less expensive than Kissingen, is pret tily situated on the Saale , 3 M. above Hausen . Rooms may be ob tained at the Curhaus, in * Schlereth's Hotel , and in numerous pri vate houses. Pleasant grounds with fine old trees .

• Schloss Aschach , on the Saale, 1/2 M. to the S. of Bocklet, restored in the mediæval style , contains a collection of old goblets , carving, and other curiosities (feé 11/2-2 m. for a party ). Another attractive excursion

may be made through the Saalethal to ( 6 M. ) Neustadt (see below) .Brückenau ( Bairischer Hof; Schloss Hotel; Post; Sinnthalhof),to which a diligence runs daily from Kissingen in 43/4 hrs . , the third of these Franconian baths , is pleasantly situated in the grassy valley of the Sinn , enclosed by wooded mountains. The Curhausand handsome Cursaal are 2 M. from the village.Beautiful excursions in the neighbourhood. The ascent of the Kreuz berg (2750 ft . ), the highest of the Rhön Mts., crowned with a Franciscan monastery, is recommended ( to the N.E., 4 hrs. ) . As far as Wildflecken the Sinn is followed; thence to the top (with guide) in 11/2 hr. Extensive view of N. Franconia as far as the Fichtelgebirge , and W. as far as the Taunus. The hills around Würzburg and the Steigerwald intercept the view towards the S.; to the N. the chain of the Thuringian Forest and the heights above Fulda. Jossa , a station on the Fulda and Gemünden railway (p. 50 ) , isreached by diligence from Brückenau (daily) in 23/4 hrs.FROM KISSINGEN TO MEININGEN, 481/2 M., railway in 3 hrs. ( fares 6m. ,4 2 m . 60 pf.). Beyond Ebenhausen (p . 66 ), the first station, the line diverges to the left from the Schweinfurt railway , and leads by Rotters hausen to ( 18 M.) Münnerstadt, a small town on the Lauer, with an inter esting church in the transition style. 21 M. Niederlauer; 24 M. Neustadt ( * Goldner Mann ) , an antiquated town charmingly situated on the Saale.Near it ( 3/4 M.) is the * Salzburg, an ancient palace said to have been built by Charlemagne and now one of the largest and most picturesque ruins in Germany. At the foot of the hill lie the baths of Neuhaus, with saline springs impregnated with carbonic acid. A short way beyond Neustadt the line quits the valley of the Saale and turns to the left into that of the Streu . It passes stations Unsleben and Mellrichstadt, a small town with an old church disfigured by restoration , crosses , at (39 M.) Rentwerts hausen , the low watershed between the Saale and the Werra , and de scends to (41 M.) Ritschenhausen and (481/2 M. ) Meiningen (see Baedeker's N. Germany ).FROM KISSINGEN TO GEMÜNDEN, 231/2 M. The road descends by Euer dorf on the Saale, passes the well- preserved ruin of Trimberg, Langen dorf, and Fuchsstadt, and reaches 12 M. Hammelburg (* Post; Schwarzer Adler ), a very ancient town on the Saale , presented by Charlemagne to the Abbey of Fulda, which was almost entirely burned down in 1844. The interesting Rathhaus and them. ,KASESRYMarktgasseMarktpl .imannsrerLuaCorsaaterstrass3Actien - 1Badhaus UMCEBUNG von KISSINGEN .1: 150.000 1. IlometerCrossenbrachBichcbgKleurbrachiBriberysbrunttolienmithlen dosterhausen Welkom SACO ausen Motoros Sad Friedrich una munu salinet Osturnibrenda SildanSimbs 23BadhaustaStaffelsholte NESSUNGEN Lindles-MühleStationsby Alie Burg BITMazurBodenlauber KISSINGEN SEMIR .Teter .mulBahnhof1: 9.600 . Lindlesman WAS 100 100 ReiterWesenA BSchweinfurt 1 Actin - Badhaus2. Corrersationssaal deArkadenbau3. Kgl. Bezirksamt &Bade - Commissariat 4.Kgl.KurhausB.3.7.Krug-Magazin B.3.B.2. & Kgl.Post & Telegraphen -Amt D.2C.A. Mineralquellen .9. Rakoczy B.3. a . Russischer HofB.C.2 . 10.Pandur B.3. b . Hôtel VictoriaCasthöfe .B.3. 8. Sächs. HofKirchen5. Kathol . K.6. Protest. K.11. Macbrunnen B.2 . c . Hôtel KaiserC. 1. 12.Standbild Max II . B.2. d. Hôtel ScannerC.3. 13. Theater 1.2 . e . Engl.Ioff . Wittelsbacher HofD.1.B.3.1. Preuss. Hof 0.2 .B.C.3 . i . Pers. Holemann A.1.B.4 . k. Splomitt A.C.2.1. lapff C.4 .C1Wagner & Debes, Leipzig Geograph .Anstalt vonBurgerreith BAYREUTH .1: 30.000 200 400 800Meter .HussengatWundersgud 800Grinbaitre CUL Wendethane Wagner Theater Brakreis - frenanstalt StranghofZucide hs .GEORGEN OrtetsguFabrik -Gebäude / elingnessFriedhofBalın hofStuckbergHammerstattFriedhof RotherBadeurustFantasieFlössangerEremitageSaland's Satrules SperftsgutKasemeSchwandosto Baireuth . HASSFURT. 16. Route . 69episcopal palace were unfortunately destroyed. On the slopes near Schloss Saaleck excellent wine is produced. Environs very picturesque.The road (diligence from Hammelburg to Gemünden daily in 3/3 hrs. )ascends , traverses a lofty plain commanding an extensive view , and descends past the monastery of Schönau into the valley of the Saale,where the scenery is remarkably attractive. 231/2 M. Gemünden ( p . 54 ).FROM SCHWEINFURT TO BAIRBUTH. The line now follows theMain . On the hill to the left is the château of Mainberg . Stations Schonungen , Gädheim , Ober - Theres . To the left lies the old châteauof Theres , originally founded as a palace of the Babenberg family in 900 , converted into a monastery in 1043 , and dissolved in 1803;near it stands a modern château .411/2 M. Hassfurt (Post) , a small watering-place with walls and handsome gateways , possesses a fine Gothic chapel , the * Marien Capelle, or Ritter - Capelle, dating from the 14th century and recentlyrestored. On the exterior of the choir is a triple series of armorialbearings of the illustrious families belonging to an ecclesiastical brotherhood of nobles , founded in 1413, which contributed to the expense of building the chapel (in all 248 ). Others are carved on the pillars and on the vaulting in the interior .Diligence from Hassfurt daily in 1 hr. to Königsberg , a small town in the Duchy of Coburg , with 2400 inhab. , the birthplace of the cele brated mathematician Johann Müller,,surnamed Regiomontanus ( d. 1476) ,to whose memory a fountain was erected here in 1871.To the left of (46 M.) Zeil, another walled town , rises the ruined fortress of Schmachtenberg, erected in 1438, destroyed by Albert of Brandenburg in 1552. On the left bank of the Main, opposite (50 M.)Ebelsbach, lies the small town of Eltmann , commanded by the an cient watch - tower of the stronghold of Waldburg , erected a thou sand years ago . 54 M. Staffelbach; 58 M. Oberhaid . To the rightthe towers of St. Michael's, the Altenburg , and finally the town of Bamberg , with the four cathedral - towers , successively become visible . The Main is then crossed .62 M. Bamberg, see p. 60. From Bamberg to ( 108 M.) Neuen markt, see pp. 59, 58. The railway now turns to the S. , traversing the broad valley of the Rothe Main as far as ( 111 M.) Trebgast. It then runs through a narrow valley, which afterwards expands , to ( 114 M.)Harsdorf and ( 1181/2 M. ) Bindlach. Near Baireuth extensive meadows are traversed . Avenues ofpoplars on the left, and the Wagner Theatre and the extensive lunatic asylum of the district on the right are conspicuous objects. The suburb of St. Georgen is passed. At the station a large cotton - factory.121 M. Baireuth . Hotels. * Sonne, Rennweg; ANKER, Opern-Str.;

• REICHSADLER, Markt; SCHWARZES Ross, Ludwigs- Str., unpretending.

Restaurants. Angermann, Kanzlei- Str. (beer ); Bencker , Schierbaum ,in the market- place ( wine).Baths. Bad Rosenau; Funk; Städtische Bade- und Schwimmanstalt, all in the Ziegelgasse.Post Office, at the railway- station. Telegraph Office , Markt 80 .Cabs. Per drive in the town ( 1/4 hr. ) , with one horse, 1-2 pers . 40,>70 Route 16 . BAIREUTH . From Würzburg3-4 pers . 60 pf.; with two horses 50 or 75 pf. To the Wagner Theatre and the Bürgerreuth , with one horse 2, with two horses 3 m.; to Roll wenzelei, Oberkonnersreuth , or Geigenreuth (a chalet adjoining the Fan taisie Park) 2 or 3 m .; to the Eremitage 3 m ., with two horses 4-5 m.; to the Fantaisie, 4-6 m. Gratuities included in these fares.Baireuth (1180 ft . ), with 22,200 inhab . ( 2700 Rom. Cath . ) , the capital of Upper Franconia , was the residence of the Margraves of Brandenburg - Culmbach down to 1769 , and is indebted for its pre sent handsome appearance mainly to Margrave Christian (d . 1655),who transferred his seat from Culmbach hither , to George William (d . 1726), and to Frederick (d . 1763) , husband of the talented sister of Frederick the Great . Under the last-named prince numerouslarge and handsome buildings were erected . The Baireuth line be came extinct in 1769 , and the principality fell to the Ansbach family. Margrave Alexander ceded his rights to Prussia in 1791; in 1806-10 the principality was under the French sway, and has since belonged to Bavaria . Most of the buildings are comparatively mo dern , few having survived the devastation occasioned by the siege of the Hussites in 1430, and a conflagration in 1621 .The Residenz, or Old Palace (Pl . 1 ), begun in 1454 , completed in 1588, burned down in 1758, and soon after rebuilt, is now oc cupied by public offices. The lofty octagonal Tower, erected in 1603,affords a good survey of the environs (key kept by the sacristan ,Rennweg 291; fee 30 pf. ). The Palace Church , built in 1672,burned down in 1758, and rebuilt the same year, is Roman Catho lic . In front of the Palace stands a Statue of Maximilian II. in bronze , erected on the 50th anniversary of the incorporation of the principality with the kingdom of Bavaria .The NewPalace (Pl. 2), now fitted up as a royal residence , was erected by Margrave Frederick in 1753. The Palace Garden and Park serve as public promenades . At the extremity, on the right, is a drill-ground. The large Fountain in front of the Palace , formerly in the court of the old Residence , bears an equestrian Statue of Margrave Christian Ernest ( d . 1712), a marshal in the imperial ser vice, erected in 1700. The four river-gods in sandstone at the foot of the pedestal represent the four rivers (Main , Naab, Saale , Eger)which rise in the Fichtelgebirge , and quatuor orbis ad partes ruunt . - On the S. side of the Schlossplatz is the Gymnasium; in front of it stands Schwanthaler's Statue of Jean Paul ( d . 1825;Pl . 3), whose house in the handsome Friedrichs-Strasse is indicated by an inscription . He and his son are buried in the Cemetery to the W. of the town, the grave being marked by a huge block of granite .The Gothic Stadtkirche ( Prot .; Pl . 4), begun in 1439 , contains several pictures by Riedel, a native of Baireuth . Beneath thechurch is the Fürstengruft, in which most of the princes from the 17th to the 18th cent . are interred . The spacious Opera House (Pl . 5), erected by the Margrave Frederick in 1747 in a very sumptuous style , has recently undergone a thorough renovation.77to Baireuth . BAIREUTH . 16. Route. 71.>Near the old railway-station is the tasteful little Renaissance structure occupied by the Harmonie Society. The principal street is embellished with several fountains. Many of the houses possess handsome oriel windows. · The House of Richard Wagner (d . 1883) ,Rennweg 2831/2, built in 1873-74 by Wölfle, stands in the midst of a large garden. It bears the inscription: ' Hier wo mein Wähnen Frieden fand, Wahnfried sei dieses Haus von mir benannt . Above is a sgraffito drawing by Krausse, representing Wotan as a wanderer.To the N. of the town , about 1/2 M. from the station , is the Bürgerreuth, a restaurant which commands a fine view of Bamberg and the environs . The singularly - shaped peak towards the E. is the Rauhe Kulm near Neustadt. Above Baireuth rises the Sophienberg (or Kulmberg ); farther to the right are the Lindenhardt and Vols bach forests, the spurs of the Franconian Jura. On the hill near the Bürgerreuth stands the Theatre, erected for the performance of Richard Wagner's operas . The Bürgerreuth is over-topped on the N. by the Hohe Warte, on which rises the Siegesthurm in memory of the war of 1870-71 , commanding an extensive view .St. Georgen, commonly called the ‘ Brandenburger', situated on a rising ground to the N.E. , is a suburb of Baireuth , founded by Margr. George William at the beginning of the 18th century . The road to St. Georgen passes through a tunnel below the railway,beyond which , on the left, stands the large Cotton Factory men tioned at p. 61. The road here divides , that to the right, flanked with handsome modern houses and fine maple and chestnut trees ,leading to St. Georgen. The linden avenue to the left , planted in 1723 , passes a large spinning- mill ( left ), the new District Prison ( right), and the St. Georgen Reformatory ( left), and reaches the Military Hospital, erected as the chapter-house of the knights of an ' Ordre de la Sincérité ', instituted in 1712 by the Margr. GeorgeWilliam. The meetings of the order were held in the church of St. Georgen , built in 1705-18. The balustrade of the choir is adorned with the arms of the knights down to 1767 . At the other end ofthe principal street is the Church of Gravenreuth .The Eremitage, 3 m. to the E. of Baireuth , a château with gardens,fountains, artificial ruins, etc. , was erected by George William in 1715 ( two-horse carr. 4 m. ). Ít contains a number of family-portraits , including Frederick the Great, as a child , and as king , and his sister the Margravine; among those in the lower part of the Schloss is that of the Countess Orlamünde (the White Lady ', p . 58 ). In the vicinity is the Grosse Bassin ,' an imitation of that at Versailles, surrounded by a temple of the Sun and its two detached wings. The fantastic construction of these buildings, the walls of which are inlaid with coloured stones, rock crystal , etc. is curious . The interior of the temple is sumptuously fittedup, and containshandsome columns of striped marble. Between the château itself and the buildings occupied by the courtiers (now a restau rant) is a pretty garden . Adjacent are the Roman theatre and the large water- tower, containing about1000 gallons of water for the fountains. Thewater -works play on Sunday at 5 p.m. (adm. gratis) and may be seen at other times for a fee of 2 m.About halfway to the Eremitage is a small inn , called Rollwenzel's>72 Route 17 . BERNECK .Haus, with a room where Jean Paul Richter used to write , containingsome memorials of him.The Fantaisie, a château 4 M. to the W. of Baireuth (two - horse carr.5 m ., incl. fee ), tastefully fitted up , was built in 1758 and in 1828 came into the possession of Duke Alex. of Wurtemberg (d. 1881 ). Among the objects of art the sculptures by the duch*ess Marie (d . 1839; née Princess of Orleans, daughter of Louis Philippe) deserve mention (guardian- angel ,bust of Joan of Arc) . The château is charmingly situated on the brow of a richly wooded hill , near the village of Eckersdorf. The gardens and park , with bath- house , pheasantry, fountains, etc., are kept in excellent order. The grounds attract numerous visitors from Baireuth (* Hôtel Fantaisie, by the park) . In the vicinity is St. Gilgenberg, a lunatic asylum,prettily situated.Eckersdorf lies on the direct route to the Franconian Switzerland (diligence daily in 4 hrs. to Waischenfeld , p . 77) . A pleasanter route for pedestrians is by Mistelgau , Glashütten , Volsbach , and Kirchahorn to Rabenstein (p. 77) in 4-5 hrs.FROM BAIREUTH TO WEIDEN , 23 M., railway in 13 /4-23 /4 hrs. (fares 4 m.65, 3 m. 10 pf. , 2 m. ) . To the left, as the station is quitted , are St. Georgen and the Eremitage , to the right wooded hills . Ŝtations Seybothenreuth ,Kirchenlaibach ( junction for the Fichtelgebirge Railway, p. 88 ), Kemnath Neustadt; on the right the Rauhe Kulm (see above) , on the left the S. spurs of the Fichtelgebirge. Farther up the valley of the Heide - Naab are stations Trabitz, Pressath , Schwarzenbach; thence through extensive pine forests ( Parksteiner and Mantler Wald ) to stat . Weiden (p. 109 ).From BAIREUTH TO (11 M.) SCHNABELWAID , a station on the Fichtel gebirge Railway, branch- line in 40 min.; see p. 88 .17. The Fichtelgebirge.DILIGENCE once daily from Baireuth to (91/2 M. ) Berneck in 2 hrs.From stat. Markt - Schorgast (p . 58 ) to ( 4 M.) Berneck omnibus daily in 40 min . -- From Berneck through the Goldmühlthal (valley of the Weisse Main) to Bischofsgrün, diligence daily in 13/4 hr. ( carr . 6-8 m. , incl. fee ).Then on foot over the Ochsenkopf and Schneeberg to Weissenstadt in 6 hrs.On foot to the summit of the Waldstein and back (21/2 hrs. ); from Weissenstadt by Wunsiedel to the Alexandersbad by carr. in 2 hrs.; as cend the Luisenburg with guide, and return to Wunsiedel (3 hrs. ) . From Wunsiedel by train in 10 min . to Holenbrunn , on the Fichtelgebirge Rail way , p. 109 – Two -horse carriage from Baireuth to Alexandersbad by Berneck, Bischofsgrün, Weissenstadt, and Wunsiedel in 8-9 hrs., 20 m.Guides may now usually be dispensed with by the experienced , owing to the exertions of the German Alpine Club and local associations in making paths and providing finger -posts . The following are recommended (4-5 m.per day): Dittmar at Weissenstadt , Georg Bauer at Wunsiedel, Timpert at Alexandersbad, and the Gottfrieds at Bischofsgrün.Baireuth , see p . 61. The road leads through St. Georgen (p . 61 )to (3 M.) Bindlach (p. 61 ) , where it begins to ascend , affording afine retrospect of Baireuth, Near Berneck we cross the Weisse Main .91/2 M. Berneck (1309 ft.; *Löwe; *Hirsch; Post; restaurants of Bube, with rooms to let , and Schmidt; or apply for rooms to Hr.Körbitz , the apothecary), most picturesquely situated in a narrow valley watered by the Oelsnitz, is a favourite summer-resort. A new Curhaus, with reading - room , music-room , and restaurant, has been erected in the principal street, beyond the post- office. There is also a Colonnade on the bank of the Oelsnitz , at the foot of the Schlossberg , where a band plays several times a week,A tax of 5 m, is exacted from visitors who stay more than four7BISCHOFSGRÜN. 17. Route. 73days . On the precipitous hill above the town are the ruins of twocastles of Berneck and of a chapel .A pleasant path along the Oelsnitz , gradually ascending the wooded hill , leads in 20 min . from the 'Löwe hotel to the * Obere Burg, a castle destroyed by the Hussites in 1430. Over the gate arethe arms of its former proprietors, the barons of Walenrode . Ac cording to an inscription the chapel was erected in 1480. Fine view from the castle; still finer from the Engelsburg , 10 min .farther on.Another beautiful excursion is to the ruined castle of Stein ,romantically situated the valley of the Oelsnitz , 3/4 hr. from Berneck . From Stein we may continue our walk viâ the Acker mannshof ( sheep -farm ) to ( 1/2 hr. ) Lützenreuth , on the road fromBerneck to Gefrees. Pearl-mussels are found in the Oelsnitz andneighbouring brooks in June and July , and about 200 pearls are obtained annually. The pearl- fishery is the property of the Crown.Omnibus from Berneck to Markt-Schorgast and Bischofsgrün, see above .A two-horse carr. may be hired for 12-15 m . a day, or 5-8 m . for half a day,incl. gratuity. Himmelkron, mentioned at p. 58, lies 41/2 M. to the w.The new road by Goldmühl to ( 9 M.) Bischofsgrün crosses the Oelsnitz (on the slope the arboretum Blüchersruhe, with its bel vedere), and then leads to the left into the * Goldmühlthal, or valley of the Weisse Main, which it follows as far as the Glasenmühle (see below ), passing a chalybeate spring 1/2 M. before reaching Bischofs grün. The shorter, but less interesting footpath leads along the E. side of the valley , at first ascending rapidly, then generally level and through wood , passing (3/4 hr. ) Bärenreut; 5 min. farther the path leads to the right towards the wood , 10 min . farther, to the right again . After 3/4 hr. more the highest point of the route is reached, and an extensive view is obtained; 1/4 hr . Wilfereut, then down by the Weisse Main to the Glasenmühle , and another ascent to (1 hr. ) Bischofsgrün (Schmidt; Puchtler), a village conspicuously situated at the base of the Ochsenkopf, 1000 ft. higher than Berneck.In the middle ages the village was famous for its stained glass , and Veit Hirschvogel , the celebrated master of the art, was a native of Bischofsgrün . Manufactories of coloured glass still exist here , but their sole products are beads, artificial coral , etc. The Ochsenkopf (3363 ft.) is ascended in 1 hr. (guide not indis pensable). The path leads through wood the whole way, and except at one place , the ascent is gradual . At the top the path traverses blocks of granite and passes the Schneeloch , a deep hollow where snow lies till June . From the Signal at the top we gain an exten sive view of the Fichtelgebirge , Franconian Switzerland , etc. , in cluding the Thuringian Forest on the N.W. The route by Warmensteinach to Bischofsgrün and the Ochsenkopf is 2 hrs. longer than the above, but is preferable. The road quits the valley of the Main beyond Goldmühſ, and ascends to the right in the valley of the Zoppatenbach to ( 20 min. ) Brandholz. The antimony , lead , and silver mines once worked extensively here , as numerous heaps of rubbish still74 Route 17 . WEISSENSTADT.>testify, are now quite exhausted . From this point in 13/4 hr. to Warmen steinach ( Lindner's Inn ), a charmingly-situated village . The wood -covered houses lie scattered along the slopes of the upper valley of the Steinach ,which extends about 4 M. farther s . (Sophienthal). The manufacture of glass articles and the polishing of plate- glass are the chief occupations of the inhabitants.A road leads hence through the Löchle (or Moosbachthal) , a romantic wooded ravine , to Crassemann (the innkeeper Ordnung recommended as aguide to the Ochsenkopf and the environs) , situated on an open plateau.Thence either to Bischofsgrün (33/4 M.) by a good road which cannot be mistaken, or direct to the summit of the Ochsenkopf (with guide) .The descent from the Ochsenkopf should be made towards the E. ,by the saddle which connects the Ochsenkopf and Schneeberg:25 min . , Source of the Main , an excellent spring , the only one for a long distance ( inscription; benches); 1/4 hr. , the Weissmainstein ,a group of rocks recently rendered accessible , affording a fine view of the Schneeberg and Nusshart, and towards the S. The Bischofs grün and Fichtelberg road, in the valley which separates the Schnee berg from the Ochsenkopf, is now followed to ( 3/4 M.) Weissmain Hochofen or Karges (beer ). The wood is here entered to the left, and after an ascent of 1 hr. theNusshart (2877 ft.), a group of huge blocks of granite rendered accessible by steps , is reached. The round hollows on the top of the rock are locally termed ' plates and dishes' . The (1/2 hr. )Schneeberg ( 3535 ft . ) is surmounted by a group of rocks , 30 ft. in height , termed the Backöfele ( “oven '), the summit of which is attained by means of a ladder. On the top is a hut built by the German Alpine Club. * View unbounded, except on the S.W. by the Ochsenkopf: S.E. the long Kösseine, to the left the Luisenburg; N.E. the Erzgebirge in the distance; N. the Rudolphstein , Weissenstadt,and the Waldstein; N.W. the Thuringian Mts . and the Gleichberge .Then a descent of 40 min . to the ' Drei Brüder ', three lofty groupsof granite slabs , of which that in the middle resembles a wolf; 7 min .,the * Rudolphstein (2848 ft . ), a huge and imposing group of graniterocks , the summit of which is reached by steps , commanding asuperb view , with more picturesque foreground to the N. thanfrom the Ochsenkopf or Schneeberg . The granite slabs are rounded by the action of the rain . A farther descent of '/2 hr. through wood,passing the Staff-Reizenstein monument, brings us to the plain, in which Weissenstadt lies 11/2 M. farther on . Several rock cellars areseen on the left, before the Eger is crossed .Weissenstadt ( 2077 ft.; Adler, or Post; guide , see p. 72) , asmall town rebuilt since a fire in 1823, lies in a somewhat marshy valley , on the Eger, which rises 6 M. to the S.W. Ackermann's stone - polishing establishment enjoys a high reputation . Excellent beer is brewed here .The * Grosse Waldstein ( 2874 ft.) may be ascended from Weissenstadtin 1 hr. (without guide). By the barns on the N. side of Weissenstadt,the path diverges from the road to the left at the last house , leads be tween two barns, passes some wooden huts, and reaches a road which is followed into the wood as far as a (3/4 hr.) direction - post on the left,zum Waldstein' . 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BaiersdeErlangen 3.ecclesiasterDiezhot Soranger MorladeGoog .Anst. WEL.DebrieALEXANDERSBAD. 17. Route. 75>The Waldstein (* Inn) is another group of granite rocks made accessible by paths and steps , surmounted by a glass pavilion commanding an ex tensive and picturesque panorama, with wooded foreground. The castle of Waldstein , of which fragments remain , a robbers' stronghold , was destroyed by the Swabian League in 1523 . We may now descend to the Source of the Saale , either direct by the Bärenfang (path pointed out by the forester) in 1/2 hr. , or by (1/2 hr.) Zell , 11/2 M. to the N. of the spring: 2 M. farther on the Gfrees andWeissenstadt road is reached. From Zell to Münchberg (rail. stat. , p. 58 ), 2 hrs.An unmistakeable path , 'diverging to the left from the Weissenstadt road atthe clearing, leads from the Waldstein to the (13/4 hr.) Epprecht stein ( 2600 ft . ), with a ruined castle commandinga beautiful view; thence by Buchhaus (refreshm .) or direct to 3/4 hr.) Kirchenlamitz ( 11/2 M. from the stat. , p . 109).The shadeless road from Weissenstadt to (51/4 M. ) Wunsiedel is not recommended to pedestrians. Two-horse carr. to Alexandersbad ( in 11/2 hr. ) 7-8 m .; diligence to Röslau ( p . 109) twice daily in 11/4 hr.Wunsiedel (1755 ft.; *Kronprinz; * Einhorn; Railway Hotel;Müller's Restaurant; one-horse carr. to Alexandersbad 3, two-horse 4 m .; guide to the Kösseine and Luisenburg 3 , to the Luisenburg alone 2 m. ) , a pleasant and well- built town on the Rösslau , re erected after a fire in 1834, was the birth - place of the novelist Jean Paul Fred . Richter (p . 70 ), whose bust has been placed in front of the house where he was born , adjoining the church . The Alexandersbad (1840 ft.; * Curhaus, with 80 rooms; Hôtel Weber ), 2 M. to the N.E.of Wunsiedel, is named after the last Mar grave of Ansbach - Baireuth . The chalybeate springs, impregnated with carbonic acid gas , combined with the pleasant scenery , attract numerous visitors. In the vicinity is a * Hydropathic Establishment,with pine- cone and mud -baths, etc. The * Luisenburg (1962 ft. ), so named after the visit of Queen Louisa of Prussia in 1805, formerly called Luchsburg, lies 2 M. to the W. of the Alexandersbad and 11/4 M. to the S. of Wunsiedel (guide from Alexanders bad 1 m ., to the Kösseine 2 m.; guide from Wunsiedel, see above). Those who prefer exploring the rocks withouta guide should in doubtful cases follow the paths strewn with sand. The Luisenburg is , as it were, amountain in ruins. Huge masses of granite of fantastic form are piled together in wild confusion , the result of disintegration; they are partly overgrown with thick moss , interspersed with pines and bushes, and are rendered accessible by steps , bridges, etc. Near the top is an Inn, with a good restaurant .This rocky labyrinth affords a beautiful walk, ascending in 1/2 hr. to the Rothe Kreuz. The finest point, however, is the " Burgstein (2241ft . ),20 min. farther, a group of rocks on the summit of the hill, with a plat form affording an unbounded view towards the N.E. , and W. The *Haberstein ( 2782 ft . ), 1/4 hr. farther ( halfway to the Kösseine,which is 3 hrs . from Alexandersbad), is another good point of view . The * Kösseine ( 3048 ft.) commands the most beautiful and extensive view in the Fichtelgebirge , embracing the greater part of the Upper Palatinate towards the s. (good water 10 min. below the summit on the E. side).Railway in 10 min. from Wunsiedel to ( 21/4 M.) Holenbrunn on the Fichtelgebirge Railway (p . 109).7618. Franconian Switzerland.The small hilly district dignified with this hardly appropriate title ( 1600 ft. above the sea- level ) , with its pretty valleys watered by the Wiesent,and its wooded heights , forming the w . spurs of the Fichtelgebirge , and situated nearly in the centre of a triangle formed by Nuremberg, Bamberg,and Baireuth , is principally indebted for its reputation to its remarkable STALACTITE CAVERNS , containing remains of antediluvian animals , speci mens of which are preserved in almost every museum in Europe. The limestone and dolomite rock -formations are also picturesque, occasionally assuming the most grotesque shapes.This district may be visited from Nuremberg in 11/2-2 days. The finest points are accessible to pedestrians only. The services of a guide (seldom necessary) may generally be procured for 2-3 m. per day. Forchheim ( railway - station ), see p. 64; omnibus thence twice daily in summer (one-horse carr . 9-10 m .) through the pleasant Wiesent thal, by Reut, Kirchehrenbach, and Ebermannstadt in 21/2 hrs . to 101/2 M. Streitberg *Kurhaus & Goldenes Kreuz , baths and whey -cure, comfortable , high charges; the proprietor Dr. Weber has a good collection of the natural curiosities of the district;

• Goldener Bär, or Post, moderate; Goldener Löwe; Adler ), a pret tily situated village . Above it rises the ruined Streitburg , com manding a fine view. A still better point is the Guckhüll, 3/4 hr .

from Streitberg . Pleasant walk through the Lange Thal to the (3/4 hr . ) Schönsteinhöhle, a grotto with fine stalactites (guide for one pers . 1 m. , for several 30 pf. each) .Diligence to ( 21/2 M.) Muggendorf three times daily in 25 minutes .Good road through the Wiesentthal. On a rock to the left is the extensive ruin of Neideck .Muggendorf (*Kurhaus; * Hôtel Schüler; Stern; Wolfsschlucht),prettily situated , is a good centre for excursions . ( Johann Sponsel is a good guide, fee 2 m. per day . )Below Muggendorf (1/2 hr.) is the Rosenmüller's Höhle , the entrance to which is visible to the left from the road (guide and lights for 1-6 pers.21/2 m. ). It contains fine stalactites and fossil remains of animals. The Oswaldshöhle (1/2 hr.) may be visited also , if time permit. Near it are the Wun dershöhle and Witzenhöhle. The latter is said to contain a heathen altar (?) .At Muggendorf the road divides . The branch to the right leads through the Wiesentthal to ( 33/4 M.) Burg Ga reuth and (3 M.)Gössweinstein (p. 77) . The road to the left crosses the hills towards the E. to (3 M. ) Toos. From Toos a road leads to the right , just beyond the village, to ( 21/4 M. ) Engelhardsberg, 1/2 M. from which rise the bold Adlerstein and the Quakenschloss, a jagged grauwacke rock . To the N. of the village rises the ( 1/2 hr . ) * Riesenburg, a wild group of dolomite rocks rendered accessible by paths and bridges (key at the village , 30 pf. ) . Charming view of the Schotter or Schauder - Thal,into which we now descend . In 1/4 hr. the poor Toos Inn is reached ,where a key of the Riesenburg is also kept.Here begins the picturesque Rabenecker Thal , watered by the Wiesent, and enclosed by dolomite rocks of most fantastic forms.The traveller quits the road (which goes on to Waischenfeld , 41/2 M.)at a mill (11/2 M.) , ascends past the partly preserved Burg RaGÖSSWEINSTEIN. 18. Route. 777beneck to the level hill - top, passes ( 1/2 hr . ) Schönhof, and reaches(1/2 hr. ) Bury Rabenstein (Inn ), a pinnacled castle restored in 1836,looking down upon the Ahornthal, 160 feet below .The custodian shows the remains of antediluvian animals found inthe caves, and conducts the visitor to the ( 1/4 hr. ) Sophien or Rabenstein Cavern , the most interesting in the district owing to the abundance of the fossil bones and the perfection of the stalactites it contains. An hour is required to explore it (fee 2 m. and upwards , according to the number of candles required) . The Ludwigshöhle on the opposite side of the Ahorn thal hardly merits a visit.The traveller should now cross the hill separating the Ahornthal and Wiesentthal to ( 1 hr. ) Waischenfeld ( Kraus; Hoffmann ), pleas antly situated on the Wiesent, and environed with watch - towers and ruined castles .The Försterhöhle (1/2 hr.; key at Kraus's Inn; one pers . 11/2 m ., eachadditional visitor 40 pf.) has a dome-shaped vault, and contains good stal actites. - Post-omnibus hence to Baireuth ( p. 69), daily in 33/4 hrs. ( 2 m.).Pedestrians are rəcommended to walk back from Rabenstein viâ (21/2 hrs. )Gössweinstein to (3 hrs . ) Streitberg. Thus: from Rabenstein back towards Schönhof for a few min . , then to the left by a footpath to Ober - Ailsfeld , crossing a hill , finally skirting the wood and descending to ( 2 hrs . ) Tüchersfeld, a village most picturesquely situated on the Püttlach . A carriage - road leads through the romantic valley of the latter to (3 M. ) Pottenstein (Distler), a prettily-situated little town, with a considerable ruined castle .At Tüchersfeld the road crosses the Püttlach and ascends rapidly to ( 1/2 hr. ) Gössweinstein (* Zur Fränkischen Schweiz , moderate),where there is a large pilgrimage -church . The Schloss commands a *View ( from a projecting rock with a balustrade) of the greater part of the Franconian Switzerland , including the beautiful valleys of the Ailsbach , Wiesent, and Püttlach (in the latter Schloss Potten stein ), which converge at Tüchersfeld .Another hour may be devoted to the Ludwigshöhe and the Kreuz. The Oelberg on the way to the former affords à pleasing view. Аpicturesque path leads over the hill to ( 11/4 hr. ) Pottenstein (see above) . Near Burg Gailenreuth , 1 hr. from Gössweinstein, is situated the Gai lenreuth , or Zoolith Cavern (the forester at the castle acts as guide; one pers. 11/2 m. , each additional pers. 30 pf. ), which has attained a European celebrity in consequence of the investigations of Cuvier and other eminent naturalists. It consists of three or four stories , one above the other, each containing various chambers where numerous remains of bears, lions,wolves , hyænas , etc., are still found. These wild beasts probably lived in the caves to which they brought their prey, and where they afterwards themselves died. There are several other caverns here of the same character, such as the Kapps- Höhle ( difficult of access) , containing beautiful stalactites . Scientific men are strongly recommended to visit these inter esting and instructive caves; the ordinary traveller will probably be satisfied with the Sophienhöhle (see above). From Gailenreuth the traveller returns to Muggendorf in 1 hr. by Baumdorf and through the Wiesentthal .78919. Nuremberg.Hotels . * BAVARIAN HOTEL ( Pl. a), R.2 m. and upwards, B. 1 m. D.3m .,L. and A. 14/2 m.; * STRAUSS (Pl. c ), similar charges; * GOLDNER ADLER ( Pl. g) , R., L., and A. 3 m. , B. 1 m ., D. 2 m. 70 pf.; * ROTHES Ross (Pl. b),Ř. 2 , D. 3, L. and A. 14/2 m.; * WÜRTTEMBERGER HOF (Pl. i), near the station, R. 21/2 m . , D. 21/2 m. , B. 80 pf., L. and A. 1 m .; ROTHER HAHN ( Pl. e), near the church of St. Lawrence, R. 11/2 m . , B. 80 pf.; *WITTELS BACHER HOF, Königs-Str. (Pl. F, 6); DEUTSCHER Hof, Pfannenschmidt-Str .,

• BLAUE FLASCHE ( Hôt. Marquard ), Hall- Platz; HERZOG Max, Königs- Str. ,

moderate charges.Restaurants. * Wartburg, Weinmarkt; * Wiener Restauration; Him melsleiter, Karolinen- Str.; Föttinger, Kaiser -Str.; Täublein , Webers -Platz;Café National, Markt; Café Métropole , Kaiser -Str.; Mercur, Hall-Platz.Wine. * Giessing, Hintere Rath hausgasse; * Segitz, Brunnengasse; Döring, near the chapel of St. Maurice; Wolf, Häfner-Platz; Nassauer Keller , opposite the church of St. Lawrence; Haslinger, Königs-Str. 60; Treuheit, Spitalgasse 8.Beer. On the left bank of the Pegnitz: Mohrenkeller, near St. Lawrence;

• Wolfsschlucht, by the Theatre; Schellmann , Lorenz-Str. On the right bank:
• Leistlein , near St. Sebaldus; Albrecht Dürer , Dürer- Platz; Täublein;

Bratwurst-Glöcklein , at the back of the Moritzcapelle , and many others.Cafés. Café Métropole , see above; Mailand , Kaiser- Str.; National,in the market; Mercur, Hall-Platz; Segitz, Königs-Str.; Föttinger , Kaiser Str. - Ices: Eisenbeis, Königsbrücke;Scheuermann, Schustergassé.Newspapers at the Museum (Pl. 25 ), near the Königsbrücke. Introduction bya member; application may be made to Herr Heinrich Schrag, book seller, opposite the N. side of the church of St. Lawrence.Baths at the Schüttinsel, on the E. side of the town.Cabs. For 1/4 hr. 1 pers. 40, 2 pers. 60, 3-4 pers. 80 pf.; same from station to town; travelling -bag 10, box 30 pf. Porter into the town forluggage under 1 cwt. , 30 pf.Tramways through the town and to Fürth (1/2 hr.; 30 pf. ).Post Offices at the railway- station, and in the Fünferhaus at the back of the Rathhaus. Branches at the Spittler- Thor and Wöhrder- Thor.Telegraph Offices at the station and in the Tuchhaus adjoining the Frauenkirche.Theatres. Stadt- Theater ( Pl. 37), by the Lorenzkirche. SummerTheatre at the Deutsche Hof, Pfannenschmidt-Strasse.Permanent Exhibition of the Dürer Association (modern pictures) in the same building as the Telegraph Office, by the Frauenkirche , open to members daily (except Sat.) 10-4; strangers are also readily admitted.Nuremberg Wares. * Wahnschaf'e, in the Josephs- Platz, carved wood of superior workmanship , not expensive; Leger , Kaiser - Str. 2; C. Quehl,Fleischbrücke 2, etc. Imitations of ancient Works of Art , in clay ( stoves), metal, papier-maché, and wood ( furniture): Fleischmann , in an old baronial mansion in the Hirschelgasse. - Fancy Articles in wood,in the Renaissance style (caskets , frames , etc.): Schmid - Daler & Co., Hir schel - Str. 21. Ivory Carving: Behl, Kaiser-Str.; Ziener & Ellenberger,Winkler- Str. 36 . Fancy Goods: J. G. Kugler , L. Döhler, Kaiser -Str.;Benda, in the Strauss . Antiquities: Pickert and Mössel, both in the Dürer Platz; Geuder, opposite the Rathhaus; Rotermundt, Burg-Str. , Benda, in the Strauss . Photographs of Paintings by Dürer and other Nuremberg artists: H. Schrag and S. Soldan , booksellers, near the church of St. Lawrence.- Lebkuchen ( a kind of gingerbread) , a specialty of Nuremberg, may be purchased of Metzger, at the back of the Rathhaus; Häberlein , opposite The W. Portal of St. Sebaldus; Ottenberger, Ludwig- Str. 1 , etc. American Consul. Mr. G. Henry Horstmann.English Church Service in summer at the Bavarian Hotel .Principal Attractions: St. Lawrence (p . 81), Frauenkirche , especially the Portal ( p. 81) , Schöne Brunnen (p . 82) , St. Sebaldus (p. 82) , Burg (p. 84) , Germanic Museum ( p . 86) . Nuremberg , Germ . Nürnberg ( 1148 ft . ), pop . 99,000 ( 9500>

NÜ.AB DAnlage KälbergBachhydronJohannisG.mnsJohannis Feldelsehirchhof Johann St.JohannesThuergant ThMäh!Weidenmühle0LeuK.Weidenme Nem TallerZULUD2SAGasthöfe ein KI a .BairischerHof b RothesRossc Strauss1.3 .D.2 .D. 4 Exereier PLimiliansPlataபன்WerksGarten e RotherHahn E.4 .f WittelsbacherHof C.4 .6 Goldner Adler_ E.3 .ħ Deutscher Hof E.4 .i Würtemberger Hof_F.5.6.Max087Trödel20Contumaz Gant3 Hupfelshof BärensehangeBleicheCaserneBereier 11Turnhallto MohrenThWithAdiWazersuaTesetberg Rose BärenschanzsWenkanserKarolin LordenGJosephsPIinerPILudwig'sStr.SINOSDeutsch38rette Otrasse17 HausFürthNümbergerEisenbahnyt39JOSETGJacobs SchlehenIwigsSchaSpittler The wytyFabrigo 1024OSTURGICOS5Rochuthetop VorstadtGigstenhof FärbeStrasseBrothenburgStadtGrabean119 Balınhöfe 1. Staatsbahnhof F. 6 .2.Fürth - Nürnberg B. 5. 14.German.Museum D.E.5.3.Bark E.3. 15.Gymnasium F.2. 4Bibliothek E.2. 16 Hallgebäude Mauth ) E.4.17. HaisNassau E. 4.18. JustizPalast D.2.3 6.Fleischbank E.3.19.Krankenhaus D.5 .7. Casernen A. 3. C. 4. 20.Kunstgewerbschule F.2 .6 8.Deutsches Haus C.4.9.Dürer's llaus 1.1. 22.Jarimil.Samunt. E.2 .10.Dürer Sturdbild E.2.IL Gänsemännchen E.3.12.Erzgiesserei Lenz ) C.1. 24.Krafft'sches Haus E.2 .25.Museum ( Gesellsch . E.3.០០UltramFab.sltnessLeyno BanderasWinburroAB BGeograph . Anstalt vonINBERGE F GHDO14Mas.Stadtgraben Max Ph .Panieron88eWitosBeiWeber)AmLauferTheΠαιmani Scina27 PlatzMomenb eckstr .Veuss.LauderMUZBeckonkladwährdeth ,sienTrauerPL .Wöhrders.72SomeATTELINGJuderКотелтипаoObstMitletts Garten SchumanSpitiangFackert GartenSpitalSSDSchütt Insel Cramertale Eisengiesserei k!onnenbemilit,PegnitiarthurKidTarrarensySifavisch EndearterithorGraben49Blions1.5.41Maren33ras26. Palms Hans D.E.2 27. Peller (Fuchs HS F.1.2 .28. Perman Bunstansst.d Dürers Verein E.3 .29. Petersen'sche Hans E.1.30. Post 31. Rathhaus E.2 . 32.Schloss ( Burg)D.E.1 .33. SchönerBrunnen E. 2.3 .34. SchwimmAnstalt H.3 .33. Stundb.Melanchton 1.2 .37. Theater F.4.1 38. Telegraph F.6.1 39. Wiss'schesHaus E.2.B.E.3.41. WohnhsPet . Fischer F. t .42. Zeughaus 1.4Platz StrasBefort MarienStrasseblestri40. Wohnh Hans SachsFtalent!rasse30its RegensburgbouezBahnhofplatz138-15 CUSTKBahabolKirchen43. Aegidien E. 44. Deutschhaus i .45. Frauen R. 46. Heiliggeistk .47. Heiligkreuzhap .48. S! Jacob49. SLorenza 50. s Moritzk .51. Sy Sebaldusk .52.SynagogeG HF.2C.4 .E.3 .F.3 .C.1.6 C.4E.E.2E.2 .F.3 GalgenhofE FWagner A Debes , Leiprig

History. NUREMBERG . 19. Route. 79Rom . Cath . , 1500 Jews), was an independent imperial town down to 1806, since which it has belonged to Bavaria . There is probably no town in Germany whose external appearance is still so mediæ val , or so well calculated to convey an idea of the wealth, im portance, and artistic taste of a ‘ City of the Empire' .This town, which owes its origin to the ancient castle , is first men tioned in history in the year 1050. Early in the twelfth century it became one of the free towns of the empire , and was often the residence of the Emperors Henry IV . and Barbarossa , from whom, as well as from Frede rick II. (1219) and Louis the Bavarian (1314-47), it received many valuable privileges. The government was originally vested in the patrician fami lies . These, however, were expelled by the civic guilds in 1348 , but only to return and obtain a firmer grasp of the reins of power in the following year. The office of Burggrave, originally merely a deputy governing in the name of the emperor, was first held by Frederick I. (d. 1218 ) of the Zol lern family under the Emp. Henry VI. These governors soon acquired independent power, and in 1363 styled themselves Fürsten' , or princes;but when , in 1415, Frederick VI. was invested by the Emp. Sigismund with the margraviate of Brandenburg, they formally ceded the citadel to the town ( comp. p. 84 ). This gave rise to constant dissensions and bitter feuds between the citizens and the margraves Albrecht Achilles (1449) and Frederick ( 1502), but did not interfere with the continuous growth of the prosperity of the town, which at the beginning of the sixteenth century had become, next to Augsburg , the chief seat of the trade between Ger many, Venice, and the East. At this period, too, it attained its zenith of distinction in the sphere of art as well as of politics.To this time belong most of the interesting old PRIVATE DWELLINGS,which render Nuremberg so quaint and picturesque. The general ap pearance of these lofty houses, with their high - peaked gables, is certainly of a mediæval type, but the articulation and ornamentation are borrowed from the Renaissance, and the careful and lavish decoration of the courts in the interior betrays the same influence. The best examples are Tucher's House , Hirschelgasse 9; Funk's House , Tuchergasse 21; and Peller's House , in the Aegidien - Platz.The zeal with which the art of SCULPTURE was cultivated is wellexemplified by the numerous interesting figures of saints and coats of arms of the 14th - 16th centuries, observed onthe house -fronts. One of the finest, a statue of the Virgin , at Hirschelgasse 1306, has often been ascribed to an Italian artist, on account of its beauty and delicacy of form . An other similar figure of Mary at the foot of the Cross , now in the Germanic Museum ( p. 86 ), ranks among the finest productions of its time, but, like the preceding, is the work of an unknown master.At the head of the Nuremberg workers in stone stands AdamKrail,who flourished here after 1492, and died at Schwabach in 1507. His prin cipal works are the Stations on the way to St. John's Cemetery, the taste ful tabernacle in St. Lawrence's, and the reliefs at the Frauenkirche, St. Sebalduskirche, and Aegidienkirche. Of artists in wood the chief is Veit Stoss (d. 1532 ), who also exercised his craft in Poland , and may perhaps have been a Pole by birth; his chef-d'ouvre is in the church of St. Law rence ( p. 81). Both of these masters are firmly rooted in the traditions ofmediæval art, and are of thoroughly conservative tendencies. The brass founder Peter Vischer (d . 1529 ), on the other hand, breathes the spirit of the Renaissance , and is endowed with a lively fancy and a delicate sense of form . His sons and Pancraz Labenwolf (d . 1550 ) also produced much meritorious work. Among the specialities of Nuremberg art in the 16th cent. were the cutting of medals and goldsmiths' work, the most cele brated die - cutters and goldsmiths being Ludwig Krug, who flourished at the beginning of the 16th cent. , Peter Flötner (d. 1546 ), Hans Lobsinger,and particularly Wenzel Jamnitzer ( 1508-85 ).PAINTING was sedulously cultivated as early as the 14th cent. , as is proved by the altar- pieces in the Frauenkirche. The Imhoff altar- pieceܪ80 Route 19 .NUREMBERG Forlifications. .of the Coronation of the Virgin in the Church of St. Lawrence dates from the first half of the 15th cent., and resembles the productions of the Co logne school. Towards the end of the same centary Michael Wohlgemuth ( 1534-1519 ) was the most prominent of Nuremberg painters. In order to understand the wide-spread fame of the Nuremberg school we must keep in view that printing had recently been invented , engendering a taste for illustrated books, engravings , and wood -cuts; for the importance of Nurem berg art lies not so much in the products of the paint-brush as in the fan tastic but thoughtful creations embodied by means of the pencil and the graver. The characteristic tendency to depth of thought and meaning shows itself in the pictures of Albrecht Dürer ( 1473-1528) , a pupil of Wohlgemuth,and the greatest painter whom Nuremberg has produced. Nuremberg itself,however , now affords no satisfactory survey of his fertile genius; the only certified examples of his brush in his native town are the lifelike and highly finished portrait of Hieronymus Holzschuher, the 'Hercules (a youthful work) , portraits of Emp. Charlemagne and Émp. Sigismund ( freely retouched ) , a Pietà, and replicas of the Four Temperaments ( see p . 129) , all in the Germanic Museum . His best works are to be seen at Vienna and Munich. None of Dürer's pupils developed their activity toany great extent in Nuremberg itself , where, indeed, painting rapidly declined . On the other hand the artistic handicrafts , such as the en graving of medals and the fabrication of artistic cabinets , flourished here till far on in the 18th century, and are now again practised with grow ing success .The principles of the Reformation found favour at Nuremberg as early as 1525, and in the following year Melanchthon founded the Gym nasium . The discovery of the sea - route to India somewhat impaired the prosperity of the town; it suffered still more severely during the Thirty Years' War, and during the 18th cent. its decline was accelerated by the feeble rule of the patrician families. Since 1806 , however, when Nurem berg became a Bavarian city , it has prospered greatly , and it is now the most important seat of trade and manufacture in South Germany. Hops form the most important article of commerce.The Fortifications, the most interesting feature of the town,date from the middle ages, and are still in fair preservation . They consist of a rampart encircling the city , provided at intervals with towers of various forms , and of a dry moat 35 yds . wide and 35 ft .deep . The most picturesque parts are near the eitadel , at the influx and efflux of the Pegnitz, and by the gates . A walk round the walls is strongly recommended, on account of the variety and beauty of their architectural effects . The four round towers at the Neue,Spittler, Frauen , and Laufer gates were built in 1555-68. Severalof the finest parts of the fortifications have recently been removed.The Pegnitz divides the town into two nearly equal parts , the Lawrence and the Sebald sides . It is crossed by several Bridges.The Suspension Bridge on the W. side of the town was one of the first of its kind in Germany. The single - arched Fleischbrücke is an imitation of the Ponte Rialto ’ at Venice . Two obelisks on theCarlsbrücke, one with a dove and olive-branch , the other with the imperial eagle , are memorials of a visit of Emp. Charles VI .From the Railway Station ( Pl. 11; E , 6) the traveller enters the town by the Frauenthor in a straight direction , and in 5 min . reaches the church of St. Lawrence . Pursuing the same direction , and crossing the Königs- Brücke, he next arrives at the Frauenkirche; then to the left , past the Schöne Brunnen, to the Rath haus, St. Sebald's ,Frauenkirche. NUREMBERG. 19. Route. 81Dürer's statue, Dürer's house , and the Burg. This order is ac cordingly observed in the following description .The Gothic ( Prot.) church of * St. Lawrence ( Pl. 49; E, 4), the finest in Nuremberg, was erected at the end of the 13th and the be ginning of the 14th century. In 1403-45 the nave was widened, and in 1439-77 the choir was rebuilt on a larger scale by Conrad Roritzer.The whole edifice was carefully restored in 1824 under the super intendence of Heideloff. Magnificent W. * Portal (of 1332) with numerous sculptures; above it a superb rose window, 30 ft. in diameter. The N. Tower, with its roof of gilded copper, erected in 1283, and burned down in 1865 , has since been re -erected with strict adherence to the original form . The sacristan, who lives in the Pfarrgässchen , L. 49, is generally in the church in the fore noon (40 pf. ) .INTERIOR. Beautiful stained glass in the eleven windows of the choir,recently restored; the finest that to the right of the choir, with representation of the genealogy of Christ. The four Evangelists adjoining this on the right are modern. The greatest work of art which the church possesses is the * CIBORIUM, or receptacle for the host, in the choir, beautifully executed in stone in the Gothic style. It is in the form of a tower, 65 ft . in height,tapering upwards, and terminating in a crooked finial. It rests upon three kneeling figures, which represent the sculptor Adam Krafft and his two assistants, who were occupied in the work from 1493 to 1500. In front of the altar, suspended from the roof, is a curious work in carved wood with numerous figures , Veit Stoss, representing the Salutation. The Gothicbrass candelabrum in the choir is worthy of notice. Handsome modern pulpit and high -altar by Heidelot and Rotermundt.The Tugendbrunnen , a fountain on the N.W. side of the church,with numerous figures in bronze, was executed in 1589 by Wurzelbauer.The Lorenzer Gasse leads to the E. from St. Lawrence to thenew Marien-Suburb . On the right, near the church , is the Theatre (Pl . 37); in the Peter - Vischer - Gasse, opposite to it , is Peter Vischer's House ( Pl. 41), indicated by an inscription.The Bavarian Industrial Museum in the Königs-Str . (directorDr. Stegmann) contains a collection of models and a permanent ex hibition of products of the industrial arts (open on Sundays 10-1 ,on week-days 10-12 and 2-5 , in winter 2-4; closed on Saturdays) .The institution also comprises a designing-room , with a large col lection of models , a library, and a reading - room (open on Sun days 10-1 , week- days 9-12 and 2-6 , in winter 2-4; closed on Saturdays ).The Gothic (Rom . Cath. ) * Frauenkirche ( Pl. 45; E, 3) , in the market-place, open 7-10 a.m. , was erected in 1354-61 on the site of a synagogue destroyed during the persecutions of the Jews . Beautiful façade. The W. *Portico , with its rich sculpturing, was added at a later date. The interior contains an * Epitaphium of the Pergen storfer family of 1498, by A. Krafft; in the left aisle an altar - piece with wings, representing the Virgin and Child with saints, by Wohlgemuth. The high - altar- piece, a winged picture on a gold groundBAEDEKER'S S. Germany. 5th Edit. 6>82 Route 19 . NUREMBERG. St. Sebaldus.

(Crucifixion , Annunciation, Resurrection), is the finest work of the Nuremberg school in the first half of the 15th century. Old stainedglass , with numerous armorial bearings of Nuremberg families.In the Gänsemarkt, at the back of the Frauenkirche, is a quaint little fountain-figure in bronze , by Labenwolf, termed the * Gänse männchen ( ‘ little goose-man’; Pl . 11 ) , a peasant carrying a goose under each arm .In the vicinity is the house of the poet Hans Sachs (Pl . 40; F , 3),in the street named after him. In the adjoining Spital- Platz a Mon ument to his memory was erected by public subscription in 1874; it consists of a sitting figure of the poet in bronze , cast by Lenz from a model by Krausser. On the E. side of the Platz is the newSynagogue (Pl . 52) , built by Wolf in the Moorish style in 1869-74.The * Schöne Brunnen (Pl . 33) , opposite the Frauenkirche,erected in 1385-96 , by Meister Heinrich der Balier, and entirely restored in 1821-24, is a Gothic pyramid 63 ft. in height, adorned with numerous figures. The * Statues below represent seven electors and nine heroes (Charlemagne, Godfrey de Bouillon , Clovis; Judas Maccabæus, Joshua, David; Cæsar, Alexander, Hector ); those above,Moses and the seven prophets . On the N.W. side of the iron rail ing round the fountain is a small movable iron ring, which the tra velling apprentices of Germany regard as the cognisance of the city .Wiss's House (Pl . 39), between the Schöne Brunnen and the Rathhaus, was erected in the Gothic style by Heideloff in 1853.The Rathhaus (Pl . 31; E, 2 ), 290 ft. in length , was erected in 1616-19 in the Italian Renaissance style .The great hall belongs to the older part of the building , erected in 1340 , and is adorned with badly -preserved frescoes by Dürer, repre senting the triumphal procession of the Emp. Maximilian, town -musicians,and Calumny (after Apelles); it also contains stained glass by Hirsch vogel, etc. On the central buttress is represented an execution by the guillotine (1522 ) , which proves that this instrument is not a modern in vention , as is generally supposed. The ceiling of the long corridor in the second floor is adorned with a relief in stucco representing a tourn ament held at Nuremberg in 1446 , executed by Kern in 1649. On the wall a plan of Vienna in 1749, said to have been presented by Empress Maria Theresa. One of the rooms contains a large painting by Sandrart,representing the Banquet in the Rathhaus on the occasion of the Peace of Westphalia, with forty -seven portraits; at the table in front are Octavio Piccolomini, the Count Palatine Charles Gustavus, afterwards King of Sweden , and the Elector Palatine Charles Lewis.The Fountain in the court is by Labenwolf, 1552. The gallery in the S.E. corner of the court, resting upon curious carved consoles,and provided with Gothic balustrades , is part of the building of 1427, and was executed by Hans Behaim . Beneath the Rathhaus are subterranean passages leading to the old dungeons , which the cu rious visitor may inspect.The Gothic (Protestant) church of * St. Sebaldus (Pl. 51 ),with its two choirs, was erected in the 13th cent. on the model of the cathedral of Bamberg. The W. choir is Romanesque, the nave is in the transition-style , while the present E. choir was re- erectedSt. Maurice. NUREMBERG. 19. Route. 83>in the pure Gothic style in 1361-77. The sacristan is generally to be found in the church (40 pf. ); visitors knock at one of the side -doors.EXTERIOR. The visitor should inspect the N. Portal, or ‘ Bride's Door';the sculptures in half-relief on the buttresses of the E. choir, representing the Passion;the ' Schreyer Monument' (opposite the Rathhaus), a magnificent Entombment with numerous life- size figures in stone, executed in 1492 by Adam Krafft, his master -piece; the Last Judgment over the S. entrance.INTERIOR. In the E. choir reliefs attributed to Adam Krafft, but bearing the monogram of Veit Stoss: Last Supper, Christ on the Mt. of Olives,and the Kiss of Judas . Near them the Markgrafenfenster', a fine stained glass window executed by Hirschvogel in 1515, representing the Margrave Frederick of Ansbach and Baireuth , with his wife and eight children;also several good altar -pieces , especially a winged picture on the N. wall,painted in 1513 by Hans v. Kulmbach , from drawings by Dürer, probably the master's finest work; Crucifix , and wooden figures of the Virgin and St. John, over the high - altar, by Veit Stoss. Modern high- altar in wood ( 1821) by Rotermundt and Heideloff. -- ** St. Sebald's Monument (eight tons in weight, for which the administrators of the church paid 3145 florins),regarded by Kugler (History of Art) as the most exquisite gem of German art, is the master-piece of Peter Vischer, the celebrated artist in bronze,and was completed by him, with the assistance of his five sons , in 1519,after thirteen years' labour. The twelve Apostles in niches around the sarcophagus containing the relics of the saint are admirable; twelve smaller figures of church - fathers and prophets above , about seventy fantastic re presentations of genii, mermaids, animals, etc. , below , also meritminute examination. The miracles performed by the saint are the subject of the reliefs below the sarcophagus. In a niche beneath , on the side towards the altar, is the artist himself with apron and chisel, a beautifully - executed statuette . Near the fine modern wooden pulpit is an Entombment , attributed to Dürer , with the armorial bearings of the Holzschuher family.The Löffelholz -Chapel, at the W. end of the nave , contains a curious and interesting copper font, of the beginning of the 16th century.The Parsonage of St. Sebald, on the N. side , with its pictur esque Gothic bow -window , dating from 1318 , was once occupied by Melchior Pfinzing (d . 1535), provost of St. Sebald, and author of the " Tewrdannkh ' , an allegorical narration of the wooing of Mary of Burgundy by the Emp. Maximilian I. Opposite St. Sebald's , on the N., is the pretty Gothic chapel of St. Maurice (Pl . 50) , erected in 1354. The collection of pictures formerly exhibited here has been removed to the Germanic Mu seum (p. 87).A house to the S.W. of St. Sebald's , at the corner of the Winkler - Str., bears an inscription designating it , by order of King Lewis, as once the dwelling of the bookseller “ John Palm , who fell a victim to the tyranny of Napoleon in 1806' . The patriotic Palm had published a pamphlet on the ' Degradation of Germany,written in a tone displeasing to the Emperor, who accordingly caused him to be condemned by a court-martial and shot (p. 163) . —The Winkler-Strasse , traversing the site of the rased Augustinian monastery, contains the new Courts of Law, designed by Solger .On the building opposite Palm's house, over the gateway of the old Stadtwage, or civic weighing-house, is a good relief by Krafft,of 1497, indicative of the object of the building. In the vicinity is the house in which Dürer was born, with inscription.66 *84 Route 19 .NUREMBERG Burg . .>

• Dürer's Statue ( Pl. 10) was designed by the eminent Rauch ,

after Dürer's portrait of himself in a painting at Vienna (see p . 208 ).About a hundred paces farther on in the Bergstrasse is Dürer's House (Pl . 9), at the corner of the Albrecht-Dürer- Strasse , No. 376 , near the Thiergärtner - Thor, and immediately below the Burg. It is now the property of a society , and is marked by a medallion . It con tains a collection of antique furniture and utensils , and also co pies of Dürer's paintings. The custodian exercises the craft of aglass- stainer.In the Adler- Strasse (Pl . D, E, 3) rises the War Monument, by Wanderer, consisting of a granite column, surmounted by a figureof Victory.The * Burg , or Castle ( Pl . 32; D, E , 1 ) , founded in 1024 by Emp. Conrad II . , and extended by Frederick Barbarossa in 1158,presented to King Max by the city , and by his order restored in 1854-56 in the Gothic style , rises on a sandstone rock to the N. of the town. The castellan Kellner (an artist in stained glass) lives on the right by the castle-gate ( fee ).The venerable Lime-tree in the court, said to have been planted by the Empress Cunigunde, wife of Emp. Henry II. ( 1002-24 ), marks the spot on which justice was anciently administered. A niche in the wall containsa statue of_the Saxon ambassador Glansdorf , who died at Nuremberg during the Thirty Years' War. In the Audience Chamber are a few old German pictures , and a collection of objects from India. The KaiserCapelle ( see below ) contains numerous reliefs in wood. – A beautiful and extensive prospect, with varying foreground , is obtained from the windows of some ofthese apartments, but thefinest point of view is the new balcony on the N.W. side of the castle. The Heidenthurm , by the castle- gate,contains two late - Romanesque chapels , one above the other: the lower,St. Margaret's Chapel, served as the mausoleum of the Burggraves; the upper, St. Ottmar's Chapel, or the Kaiser- Capelle , with groined vaulting resting on slender marble columns with Romanesque capitals , was used for divine service. The Vestner - Thurm , on the side towards the town ( custodian 30 pf. ) , is another fine point of view. Near it is a well , into which candles are lowered to show its great depth , while light is also reflected on the surface of the water by means of a mirror (30 pf.).To the right of the entrance is a Collection of Instruments of Torture ( adm. 30 pf.). On the E. wall of the castle, by the pentagonal tower, two hoof-shaped impressions are shown, which are said to have been left by the horse of a robber -knight who was brought here as prisoner in the 16th cent. , but escaped by leaping over the moat. This incident gave riseto a sarcastic proverb: The Nurembergers hang no man , unless they have caught him '. - The pentagonal tower was the original fort round which the dwellings of Nuremberg clustered . It now contains a collection of antiquities , including the celebrated 'Iron Virgin' , a hollow figure with projecting iron spikes in the interior , into which'the victim was thrust.Magnificent view from the platform.The Count of Zollern was invested by Rudolph of Hapsburg in 1273 with the dignity of Burggrave ( i. e . governor of the castle) ofNuremberg. The Burggrave Frederick VI. , from whom the present royal family of Prussia descends , was created Elector of Brandenburg by the Emp. Sigismund in 1415 ( comp. p . 79) .The ground - floor of the old Dominican monastery at the lower end of the Burgstrasse contains the Rotermundt Collection of castsSt. Ægidius. NUREMBERG. 19. Route. 85of old Nuremberg sculptures and antiquities ( for sale; admission gratis) . The upper floor contains the Town Library ( Pl. 4; open Tues. ,Thurs., Sat., 10-12 ), comprising 40,000 vols . and 800 MSS., among which are several of great value; missals , and well-executed minia tures by Glockenton, a miniature - painter of Nuremberg; also early specimens of typography, e . g . the Rationale of Durandus (1459),one of the first books printed by Gutenberg; autographs of Luther,Melanchthon, etc .; and various curiosities.On the S. side of the castle is the Thiergärtner - Thor (Pl . D, 1),beyond which , in the Burgschmiet- Strasse, is the Bronze Foundry of Prof. Lenz, comprising a collection of models. The road leads on past Kraffts Stations , with reliefs of the Passion in stone onseven pillars, and the ‘ Mt. Calvary' , also by Krafft, to (3/4 M.) St.John's Cemetery (Pl . A, 1 ) . The Gothic Heiligkreuz -Capelle (Pl . 47), of 1390 , on the left before the cemetery is reached ,contains a fine altar in carved wood, with an architectural top and double wings painted by Wohlgemuth (custodian 30 pf. ).The Holzschuher Chapel contains a good Entombment with fifteen life size figures by Krafft (Joseph of Arimathea is a portrait of Krafft himself ).Dürer, his friend Pirkheimer, Veit Stoss, Jamnitzer, and several other emi nent men are buried in this cemetery.The Cemetery of St. Rochus, another large burial- ground, con tains the grave of the celebrated Peter Vischer (d . 1529; ninth stone on the right). The chapel contains an interesting altar and stained glass windows after drawings by Dürer. The new Central Cemetery, in the Johannis- Suburb , is entered through a fine portal by Hase (1879) .St.Ægidius (Pl . 43; F, 2) , a Benedictine church , originally a Ro manesque basilica, erected in 1140, and burned down in 1696, was rebuilt in 1711-18 in the degraded style of that period . It contains an altar-piece by Van Dyck, the Body of Christ in the arms of the Virgin; at the back of the altar two reliefs in bronze by the sons of P. Vischer . Adjacent is the late- Romanesque Eucharius - Capelle,containing two altars by Veit Stoss. In the Gothic Tetzel-Capelle a Coronation of the Virgin in stone, by Krafft.In front of the adjacent Gymnasium, or grammar-school (Pl. 15),is a statue of Melanchthon, its supposed founder, by Burgschmiet ( 1826 ). The house of the well-known printer Anton Koberger ( flor. 1470-1513 ), Ægidien-Platz 13 , is denoted by a tablet placed here by the booksellers of Germany in 1880.Most of the larger Private Houses in Nuremberg possess hand some courts and interesting oriel or bow-windows . Many of them are also embellished with figures of saints at the corners (comp.p . 79) or emblems on the façade. The irregularity of the line which they form with the street contributes materially to the quaint picturesqueness of the town . The most interesting are the Nassau House ( Pl . 57) , opposite the church of St. Lawrence, built86 Route 19 .NUREMBERG.Germanicabout 1400; Kraffts House (Pl . 24 ), Theresien- Str. 573; Petersen's House (Pl . 29), in the Panier - Platz , erected in 1590; Tucher's House and Rupprecht's House, both in the Hirschelgasse, the latter with a large saloon in the early-Renaissance style of 1534; Fuchs's House (Pl . 27; formerly Peller's), in the Ægidienberg, with a rich Renaissance façade of 1605 and a beautiful court; Imhoff's House and Funk's House, both in the Tucher- Strasse.The Landauer Monastery (Pl . 20) is now a well -organised School of Art . The fine vaulting of the Chapel, erected in 1507, is sup ported by two spiral columns. For this chapel Dürer painted in 1511 his celebrated altar-piece of the Trinity, now at Vienna (p. 208 ).The * Germanic National Museum (Pl . 14; D, E, 5), an institu tion for the promotion of German historical research, founded in 1852, is established in a suppressed Carthusian monastery , a Gothic building of the 14th cent . with a fine church and extensive cloisters . The space has recently been enlarged by the addition of the Au gustinian monastery, formerly occupying the site of the Law Courts ( p. 83) , which has been removed and re- erected here. The insti tution includes artistic and historical collections, a library, and acollection of charters. Since 1866 the Museum has increased very materially in size and importance owing to the energy of the di rector Herr Essenwein and the munificence of private donors, and it now ranks among the finest of the kind in Germany. The objects of greatest general interest are exhibited to the public in 60 rooms,while the rest are reserved for the use of artists and students. TheMuseum is open daily, 10-1 and 2-4, 30, in winter 2-4 o'clock;adm. 1 m. , Wed. and Sun. free. Catalogue at the entrance .The GREAT CLOISTER contains casts of tombstones and mediævalarchitectural ornaments. On the right: Rooms II., III. Ante - Christianantiquities , flint and bronze weapons and tools , trinkets, weapons, etc. IV. ( Court) . Tiled floors, doors , and various architectural fragments.V. ( Passage ). Tiles. - VI. ( Court ). Renaissance furniture. Rooms VII- X .Stoves and stove- tiles . XI. Locksmith's work. – XII. ( corner- room ).This apartment is termed the ' Wilhelmshalle ', from a window presented by the Emp. William in 1860, representing the foundation of the monastery in 1381 by the Burggrave Frederick of Nuremberg, executed at Berlin from designs by Kreling. The original model of Luther's monument at Worms,by Rietschel. XIII- XXI. Casts of tombstones, monuments, etc. – XXII.Restaurant. - XXIII. Guns. — Rooms XXIV -XXIX . contain the MUNICIPAL GALLERY OF ART , formerly in the Rathhaus. The celebrated Rosenkranz,a large carving in wood by Veit Stoss; Coronation of the Virgin , relief in wood by Veit Stoss; several Wood -carvings ascribed to P. Flötner;Dog scratching itself, in bronze. * Frame for Dürer's altar-piece, formerly in the Landauer Monastery (see above) , executed in 1512 from the master's own designs, and already exhibiting him as a genuine Renaissance artist.Shrine of St. Sebastian; Figure of St. Wenzel, the model for a bronze statue by Peter Vischer in the Cathedral of Prague ( 1532; p. 268 ); * Ma donna , statue in wood (15-16th cent. ) . The following section of the Cloister contains stained glass , by Chris. Maurer and others . - R. XXX .,fitted up by ' Standesherren' , or nobles of the highest rank, contains a very complete historical collection of fire-arms and other weapons. - R. XXXi,decorated at the expense of the German Imperial Towns, is devoted to acollection of Costumes . — XXXII, XXXIII. Collection of models. XXXIV.Casts of ecclesiastical utensils of the middle ages . The CHURCH (No.Museum . NUREMBERG. 19. Route. 87XXXV.) contains collections illustrating the history of sculpture . On the S. side is a * Mural Painting by Kaulbach representing Emp. Otho III .opening the tomb of Charlemagne , symbolical of the object of the in stitution to bring to light the treasures of the past.The small chapels (Nos. XXXVI, XXXVII.) on the right and left of the choir contain ecclesiastical antiquities , among which (to the left) is the silver-mounted casket in which the imperial jewels were formerly de posited. R. XXXVIII. Household utensils, etc., of the middle ages;Gothic furniture and vessels. R. XXXIX . Glass, porcelain , majolicas, pottery , etc., of the 16th and 17th centuries. XL. Instruments of torture.UPPER FLOOR. Nos. XLI and XLII ( passage). Furniture and other dom estic articles of the 16-18th centuries. XLIII. Musical instruments .Rooms XLIV - LI. contain the PICTURE GALLERY , which is unsurpassed for its collection of works of the upper and lower German Schools ofthe 15th and 16th centuries. Meister Wilhelm of Cologne, Madonna with the pea -blossom;Meister Stephan of Cologne, Crucifixion with six saints; Rogier van der Weyden, Cardinal Bourbon; M. Wohlgemuth , Crucifixion; M, Zeitblom ,Pietà . A. Dürer , Pietà (the 'Holzschuher Panel' ); Hercules , a youthful effort; the celebrated ** Portrait of the Burgomaster Holzschuher, painted in 1526, one of the master's finest works; The Emperors Charlemagne and Sigismund ( both freely retouched ). Madonnas by Hans Holbein the Elder ,Sigismund Holbein , H. Burgkmair. Burgkmair , St. Sebastian and Emp.Constantine; Hans von Kulmbach , ss. Cosmas ' and Damian; Rembrandt,Portrait of a young man; Pieter de Hooch , Interior. Gallery LII. Illus trations of the costumes of the 16-18th centuries. LIII-LV, Scientific apparatus , calendars , and maps. – LVI. Monuments of extinct Nurem berg guilds. LVII- LIX . Collection of documents illustrative of the progress of calligraphy and printing; MSS. , incunabula, engravings.Lx. Commercial Museum , models of ships and waggons.The extensive Manufactories of Nuremberg are outside of the town . Cramer - Klett's establishment , chiefly for the manufacture of railway - carriages, outside the Wöhrder Thor, employs 3600 work men. On the S. side, beyond the Färber - Thor, near the railway,is Zeltner's extensive ultra -marine manufactory. Faber's lead-pencil manufactory is at Stein (p. 106), 6 M. from Nuremberg ( not shown to visitors). The largest breweries are Henninger's in the Maxfeld ,outside the Lauferthor (now in the hands of a company) , and Tucher's at the old Waizenbräuhaus' in the Waizen - Strasse,The most popular resorts near Nuremberg are the Köchert- Zwinger,at the Spittler - Thor, and the Rosenau , both on the W. side of the town,near Wiss's Turkish Villa . Pleasant excursions may also be made to (6 m .) the Alte Feste ( old fortress; comp. p. 54 ); to Mögeldorf ( p. 169), with its ine woods; to St. Jobst (p. 88; tramway); to Dutzendteich (p. 95 ), with a large pond on which a boat may be hired; and to the Nuremberg Switzerland (p . 88 ).4 m. ,20. From Nuremberg to Hof by Schnabelwaid .Fichtelgebirge Railway.104 M. RAILWAY ( Fichtelgebirgsbahn ) in 51/2 hrs.; fares 6 m. ,2 m. 55 pf.Nuremberg, see p. 78. The new railway soon after leaving the station diverges to the left from the lines to Ratisbon and Am berg, crosses the Pegnitz-Thal by means of a long embankment and88 Route 20. SCHNABELWAID .several bridges, and reaches (21/2 M.) St. Jobst. The line then skirts the base of the hills on the N. side of the Pegnitz - Thal,running parallel with the Amberg railway (p . 163) on the S. side of the valley. 6 M. Behringersdorf; 8 M. Rückersdorf; 101/2 M. Lauf, with a château on the right bank of the Pegnitz (also astation on the Amberg line ); 121/2 M. Schnaittach; 15 M.Reichen schwand, at the base ofthe Hansgörgl-Berg, with a château and park.17 M. Hersbruck ( Post; Goldne Traube ), a prosperous littletown on the right bank of the Pegnitz, at the base of the Michels berg, sur unded by hop-gardens. The station of the Fichtelgebirgerailway is on the N. side of the town; that of the Nuremberg and Amberg line (p . 163) lies 1 M. to the S. , on the left bank of the Pegnitz . A branch-line , traversing the Pegnitzthal obliquely, leads from the N. station at Hersbruck to Pommelsbrunn (see p . 163) .Near (201/2 M. ) Hohenstadt the line turns to the N. and enters the narrow and tortuous Obere Pegnitzthal. The Pegnitz is crossed twice . 25 M. Vorra . The train then crosses five bridges , traverses two short tunnels , and reaches (27 M.) Rupprechtstegen, the cen tral point of the Nuremberg Switzerland' . The * Rupprechtstegen Hotel, pleasantly situated on the slope to the left, is generally full in summer.The * Ankathal, with its beautiful woods and picturesque groups ofrocks , affords a pleasant walk. The path then crosses a lofty plain to ( 6 m. ) the ruin ofHohenstein, rising above the village of that name (inn);fine view from the wooden belvedere . – A walk may be taken on theleft bank of the Pegnitz to the castle of Hartenstein , mentioned in the ' Parcival' of Wolfram von Eschenbach.The train is now carried across ten bridges and through five tunnels (90 to 350 yds . in length) , which follow each other in rapid succession . Near stat . Velden the old town of that name is visible for a short time on the left. The valley soon begins to ex pand. 311/2 M. Neuhaus ( * Post ), commanded by the watch-tower of the old castle of Veldenstein , perched upon a lofty rounded knoll.Near the village of Krottensee , 11/2 M. to the E. , is a large * Stalactite Grotto , discovered and rendered accessible a few years ago ( adm. 1 pers .80, two or more persons 40 pf. each).The line crosses and recrossesthePegnitz several times . 331/2 M. Ranna; 37 M. Michelfeld; 411/2 M. Pegnitz, a district - town on the Pegnitz , which rises at Lindenhart, 9 M. to the N. The train now runs N. E. to (461/2 M.) Schnabelwaid.BRANCH -LINE TO BAIREUTH , 11 M. , in 40 min. (fares 1 m . 55, 1 m. 5,65 pf. ) . The line leads to (4 M.) Creussen in the valley of the Rothe Main,crosses that stream , and reaches (7 M.) Neuenreuth. It then unites withthe railway from Weiden ( p. 72) and enters the station on the N. side of ( 11 M.) Baireuth (see p. 61 ).Beyond Schnabelwaid the train turns to the E. , and near (50 M. )Engelmannsreuth passes the watershed between the Pegnitz and the Nab by a cutting 880 yds . long. Beyond (531/2 M.) Vorbach the Hard is penetrated by a tunnel 490 yds . in length .58 M. Kirchenlaibach , junction for the Baireuth and Weiden>NÖRDLINGEN 21. Route . 89aline (p. 72 ). The train pursues a N.E. direction . Near (631/2 M.)Immenreuth the line crosses the Heidenab, and at Oberwappenöst it passes under the watershed between the Heidenab and theFichtelnab by means of a tunnel 935 yds , long. The valley of the latter stream is crossed near Riglasreuth by a lofty iron viaduct.70 M. Neusorg. Near Langentheilen the watershed between the Nab and the Röslau is pierced by another long tunnel. 75 M. Waldershof; 71/2 M. to the W. is the Kösseine (p. 75) . 77 M. Markt Redwitz, see p . 109. From this point to (104 M.) Hof, see R. 26.21. From Nuremberg to Augsburg.105 M. RAILWAY in 41/4-51/2 hrs.; fares 12 m. 60, 9 m. , 5 m. 75 pf.The train crosses the Ludwigs-Canal immediately after quit ting Nuremberg, and beyond (5 M.) Reichelsdorf the Rednitz. It then reaches9 M. Schwabach ( * Stern; * Engel), an old town with 7500 in habitants. The late-Gothic church of St. John, erected in 1469-95,contains a magnificent altar- piece with carvings by Veit Stoss and paintings by Wohlgemuth, executed in 1508, and also other paintings by Wohlgemuth, Martin Schön (Virgin in a garland of roses), Burgk mair, etc.; the Gothic ciborium, 42 ft. in height, dates from 1505.The Schöne Brunnen in the market-place was erected in 1716 and restored in 1856.Near (151/2 M.) Roth is an old château of the 14th century. Alittle farther on, the Swabian and Franconian Rezat unite to form the Rednitz . From ( 21 M.) Georgensmünd a branch - line leads in 25 min . to Spalt, a small town prettily situated on the Swabian Rezat , the birthplace of G. Spalatin (d. 1545) . On a wooded emi nence to the left rises Schloss Sandsee , the property of Prince Wrede. 27 M. Pleinfeld, on the Rezat, the junction for the Nurem berg andMunich railway (viâ Treuchtlingen , p. 106) . 33 M. Langlau.37M. Gunzenhausen , on the Altmühl, is the junction for the Würzburg and Munich line (see p . 106) . Beyond (42 M.) Cronheim the line reaches the Wörnitz. To the right of ( 46 M.) Wassertrüdingen rises the long Hesselberg. 54 M. Oettingen, a small town with 2900 inhab . , on the Wörnitz , is the residence of the Prince of Oettingen -Spielberg. Beyond (57 M.) Dürrenzimmern , the Ipf ( 2237 ft.), a hill near Bopfingen ( p. 46 ), the summit of which is said to have been levelled by the Romans, becomes conspicuous on the W. The village on the right near Nördlingen is Wallerstein ,with a ruined castle .62 M. Nördlingen ( Krone; Sonne; Hôtel Wüst , nearest the station ), formerly an imperial town, is still surrounded with walls and towers. Pop. 7800. The Gothic Hauptkirche, erected 1428-1505,contains a fine late -Gothic ciborium (1511-25), paintings by Schäufe lein ( Entombment) and Herlen , and some monuments. Fine pro90 Route 21 . DONAUWÖRTH. From Nurembergspect from the tower, extending over the Ries with its numerous villages, of which 99 are said to be visible . The late-Gothic Rathhaus contains a large mural painting by Schäufelein (1515) , representing the history of Judith and Holofernes; on the upper floor a collection of old German pictures, and autographs chiefly of the period of the Thirty Years' War (always accessible) .During the Thirty Years' War the Imperial army, under Ferdinand of Hungary and the Cardinal Infanta Don Fernando, gained a signal victory here over the Swedes under Bernhard of Weimar and Horn , 27th Aug.,1634 , a success of as great moment to the former as the victory of Lützen had been to the latter.Remsthal Railway from Nördlingen to Stuttgart, see R. 12.From NÖRDLINGEN TO DOMBÜHL. , 331/2 M. , 3 hrs . ( fares 4 m . 50, 3 m. ,1 m . 90 pf.). 24/2 M. Wallerstein , with a picturesque ruined castle, 4 M. to the N.W. of which lies Maiingen , with the valuable library and armoury of Prince Oettingen -Wallerstein . Then Marktoffingen, Fremdingen, Wilburg stetten . 18/2 M. Dinkelsbühl ( * Goldne Rose ) , an old imperial town on the Wörnitz , still surrounded with walls and towers (5267 inhab.) , was the birthplace of Chr. v. Schmid ( d . 1854 ), a popular writer for the young,to whom a statue has been erected in the market-place (comp: p . 93) .The interior of the late - Gothic Church of St. George (built in 1444-99 ),with its handsome ciborium and carved altars , will repay inspection.Stations Schopfloch , (27 M. ) Feuchtwangen, an old town with a Gothic ab bey -church , Dorfgütingen. 33/2 M. Dombühl, see p. 106 .Beyond (671/2 M.) Möttingen , with a château of Prince Waller stein , the line enters the Ries, a remarkably fertile tract , probably once the bed of a lake . 72 M. Harburg , the residence of Prince Wallerstein , is commanded by the well- preserved castle of the same name , picturesquely perched on a lofty rock . The fertile valley of the winding Wörnitz, which the train frequently crosses, is now traversed .791/2 M. Donauwörth (* Krebs; Post) is a small town on the Da nube , with 3900 inhabitants . The buildings of the suppressed Bene dictine Abbey of the Holy Cross are now the property of Prince Wallerstein . A chapel adjoining the abbey-church contains the sarcophagus of the ill - fated Mary of Brabant, consort of Duke Lewis of Bavaria, by whose order she was beheaded in 1256 on a groundless suspicion of adultery . The fortress of Mangoldstein, where the execu tion took place, to the right near the station , was destroyed by Emp.Albert I. in 1308, and the ruins were removed in 1818. A cross now marks the site . The Schellenberg, which rises above the station , was stormed with severe loss by Lewis of Baden in 1704. Its capture formed a prelude to the disastrous battle of Höchstädt (see below) .FROM DONAUWÖRTH TO NEU - OFFINGEN , 27 M. , railway in 2 hrs. (to Ulm in 4 hrs. ) . The line skirts the N. side of the town, turns to the S.W., and traverses the valley of the tortuous Danube. 5 M. Tapfheim;9 M. Blenheim, or Blindheim; 12 M. Höchstädt. The last two names recallmore than one fiercely contested battle. Here in 1083 Guelph I. of Ba varia was defeated and deprived of his duchy by Emp. Henry IV. In 1703 the Elector Max Emanuel of Bavaria and Marshal Villars gained avictory here over the Imperial troops under Count Styrum; but the Elec tor and Marshal Tallard were signally defeated , almost on the same spot,by Prince Eugene and the Duke of Marlborough, 13th Aug., 1704. Nearly a century later , on 19th June , 1800 , the Austrians under Kray here ento Augsburg . AUGSBURG. 21. Route. 91gaged the French under Moreau. Stat. Steinheim. 17 M. Dillingen ( Bayri scher Hof; Sonne ) , a thriving town of 5450 inhab. , which has belonged to Bavaris since 1802, formerly the seat of a university, suppressed in 1804 .The old château belonged at one time to the bishops of Augsburg. Between Dillingen and Lauingen is the Carolinen -Canal, 1/4 M. in length , con structed to avoid the bends of the Danube. 19 M. Lauingen, a busy town of 3930 inhab. , the residence during the middle ages of the Bavarian dukes of Pfalz - Neuburg , whose burial vault is below the Roman Catholic church.The early Gothic Hof- Thurm , 180 ft . high, with sixteen stories , was erected in 1478. A bronze statue of the celebrated scholar Albertus Magnus (1193 1280 ) , a native of Lauingen , was erected in the market-place in 1881.224/2 M. Gundelfingen, a small town on the Brenz, with the ruins of Hohen Gundelfingen Castle , destroyed during the Thirty Years' War. The line turns towards the s., crossesthe Danube , and joins the Ulm and Augs burg line ( p. 108 ) at (27 M. ) Neu - Offingen .From Donauwörth to Ingolstadt and Ratisbon , see R. 23.The train crosses the Danube , and then the Schmutter. To the left, on the opposite bank of the Lech, the plain of which the line now traverses , rises the church of Rain , where Tilly in his 73rd year , whilst defending the passage of the Lech against Gustavus Adolphus, received the wound of which he died at Ingolstadt, 23rd April, 1632. The train now passes Bäumenheim , Mertingen, Nor dendorf( right, the suppressed nunnery of Holzen , now a château of Count Fischler- Treuberg ), Meitingen (right, on the height, the castle of Markt, once a Roman fort, the property of Prince Fugger), Lang weid, and Gersthofen , and crosses the Wertach, near its union with the Lech .105 M. Augsburg. Hotels. * DREI MOHREN (Pl . a) , R. , L. , and A.from 3 m. , B. 1 m ., one of the oldest hostelries in Germany, lately, how ever, almost entirely rebuilt and sumptuously fitted up. Curious visitors'book, containing autographs of princes, generals, and many eminent men.

• GOLDNE TRAUBE (Pl. b ), R. 2 m ., B. 70 pf.; DREI KRONEN (Pl.h ), Ludwig Str. , good cuisine; WEISSES LAMM ( Pl . f ), * BAYRISCHER HOF (Pl. c ), these two near the station; MOHRENKOPF ( Pl. d ), Predigerberg; Eisenhut ( Pl. g ),

R. 1 m. , B. 50 pf. Restaurants and Cafés. Kernstock , Steingasse; CaféRestaurant in the Königs- Platz; Augusta and Stötter in the Fugger- Str.;Mussbeck, Bavaria , and Malsch, in the Maximilians- Str.; Bosch, Obstmarkt .Wine at * Metzler - Hofmann's, and the * Grünes Haus, both in the St. Anna Str. , and at * Pfaff's, Hinter der Metzg ( C. 182) . *Railway Restaurant.Baths. Oit'sche Badeanstalt , outside the Rothe Thor ( cold , warm,and vapour baths); Michaeler, Bäckergasse.Cabs. Per drive (1/4 hr. ) , 1-2 pers . 50 pf., 3-4 pers. 60 pf.; 1/2 hr. 1 m.and 1 m . 20 pf.; from the station 20 pf. additional. At night ( 10 p.m. to 6 a.m.) double fares. Each box 20 pf.Tramways traverse the principal streets of the town and extend to the neighbouring villages of Göggingen, Pfersen , Oberhausen , and Lechhausen.Augsburg (1340 ft .), with 61,400 inhab . (1/3 Prot . ), the Roman Augusta Vindelicorum , situated at the confluence of the Wertach and the Lech , is one of the most prominent towns in S. Germany.Its abundant water -power, utilised by a system of canals traversing the town, has led to the development of various industries , of which the manufactures of linen , cotton , and cloth are the most important.In the middle ages ( from 1268) Augsburg was a free imperial city, and the great centre of the traffic between N. Europe, Italy , and the Levant.It reached the height of its prosperity in the 15th and 16th centuries,and several of its citizens enjoyed princely wealth and power. Three daughters of Augsburgers were married to princes: Clara v. Detten to>>92 Route 21 . AUGSBURG. From Nuremberg>Elector Frederick the Victorious of the Palatinate; Agnes Bernauer, the beautiful daughter of a barber, to Duke Albert III . of Bavaria 165);and Philippina Welser to Archduke Ferdinand of Austria. Bartholomew Welser , another citizen , fitted out a squadron to take possession of Venezuela , which had been assigned to him as a pledge by Emp.Charles V. The Fugger family raised themselves within a century from the condition of poor weavers to that of the wealthiest merchants at Augsburg, or perhaps in Europe. They were the Rothschilds of their age,and likethem ennobled; and they frequently replenished the exhausted coffers of the emperors Maximilian I. and Charles V. A separate quarter of Augsburg, founded by Joh . Jacob Fugger ' the Rich' in 1519 , is still called the Fuggerei (Jacobi-Suburb , Pl. 9) , closed by its own gates, and consisting of fifty - three small houses, tenanted at merely nominal rent by indigent Roman Catholic citizens. At Augsburg Charles V. held his famous diets; that of 1530, at which the Protestant princes presented to the Emperor and the estates the ' Augsburg Confession', a reformed creed framed by Melanchthon; that of 1548, at which the ' Interim ' was issued;and that of 1555, by which a religious peace was concluded. The deli very of the Confession took place in a hall of the episcopal palace, which is now a royal residence.The present appearance of Augsburg still recalls its ancient magnificence . Most the houses are in the Renaissance style of the 16th and 17th cent . , and many of them are still adorned with well-preserved frescoes. The houses of greatest historical interest are indicated by tablets . The old fortifications have been removed, and handsome new streets have been ereoted on their site (comp . p. 95).The principal street is the handsome, broad Maximilians -Strasse (between the Maximilians-Platz and the Ludwigs-Platz), with its continuation, the busy Karolinen - Strasse. At the N. end of thelatter rises the Cathedral (Pl . 20), an irregular Gothic pile, origin ally a Romanesque basilica, begun in 995, consecrated in 1006, and altered 1321-1431 . It now consists of a nave with low vaulting, borne by square pillars , and double aisles separated by slender round co lumns with foliage - capitals. Both the choirs are raised . The N. and S. portals of the higher E. choir, with sculptures of the 14th cent . ,are worthy of careful inspection . The W. choir contains a very an cient episcopal throne and an ancient Gothic altar of bronze. In the nave hangs a fine bronze candelabrum of the 14th century. The bronze wings of the doors of the S. aisle , dating from about 1050,contain representations of Adam and Eve, the Serpent , Centaurs,etc. , in thirty - five sections. Among the tine stained -glass windows,ancient and modern , the best are those in the nave , dating from the end of the 10th or the beginning of the 11th century. The altar pieces of the first four side altars are good works by Holbein the Elder; the other altar- pieces arc by Zeitblom , Amberger, Wohlge muth, Burgkmair, andother masters of the Upper German School.On the posterior wall of the N. aisle is a ' Catalogus Episcoporum Augustensium ', comprising the portraits of the bishops from 596 down to the present day . The choir-chapels are separated from the choir by tasteful iron screens. The fine cloisters on the N. side ( late -Gothic, 1474-1510) contain tombstones, some of which are of great antiquity.>to Augsburg. AUGSBURG. 21. Route. 9326>To the W.of the cathedral, in the Frohnhof, which is adorned with a handsome War Monument by Zumbusch, is the Royal Palace ( Pl. 39);to the E. , in the Karolinen-Platz , the Episcopal Palace (Pl . 4 ).On the right, in the Karolinen- Str . stands the imposing Rie dinger House, the handsome court of which is fitted up as a winter garden . At the S. end of the street is the Ludwigs - Platz , the busiest part of the town, in the centre of which rises the Fountain of Augustus, the founder of thecity, whose statue was cast by the Dutch master Gerhardt in 1594. On the right is the Exchange (Pl . 5); on the left the Perlach - Thurm ( Pl. 33 ), a clock - tower,erected in 1063 as a watch-tower, heightened in 1615 , and surmounted by a vane consisting of a figure of Cisa, the ancient tutelary goddess of Augsburg. The * Rathhaus ( Pl. 38 ), a handsome edifice in the Renaissance style , was erected in 1616-20, by Elias Holl. On the gable in front is a large pine-cone in bronze, the heraldic emblem of the city . The lower vestibule contains an eagle, with gilded beak and claws, and busts of Roman emperors from Cæsar to Otho. The upper floor con tains an antechamber borne by eight columns of red marble, with afine Renaissance wooden ceiling and a statue of Chr. v . Schmid ( d. 1854; see p. 90 ), the educational writer. On the second floor is the Golden Hall’, 54 ft.in height, lighted by three rows of windows ,one above another, with panelled ceiling supported by the beams and lattice - work above, and pictures by Kager. The four adjoining rooms ( Fürstenzimmer) also contain fine wooden ceilings, artistic stoves ,and a few mediocre pictures . A visit to the model-room is interest ing . The tower commands a good survey of the city and environs .To the S.W. , in the Ludwigs - Platz , is the termination of the Philippine-Welser - Strasse , in which a Statue of Joh . Jac. Fugger (d . 1575) was erected in 1858. To the E. of the monument is the handsome house (Pl . 34) in which Philippine Welser was born, in dicated by an inscription . To the W. is the Maximilians -Museum (Pl . 32) , a Renaissance edifice of the 16th cent . , containing the collections of the Historical and Natural History Society and the Industrial Hall ( daily 10-1 and 2-4 , adm . 40 pf. ). The contents include portraits by Amberger, an Adoration of the Magi by Gum polt Giltlinger, a rare contemporary of Holbein, and other pictures;also coins, medals , wood -carvings, smith's work , and relics from lake-dwellings and tombs .Returning a few paces to the left we regain the Maximilians Strasse , where there are two fountains, the Mercury, and the Hercules, executed by Adr. de Vries in 1596-99 . – On the right is the magnificent Fuggerhaus ( Pl. 8), still the property of a Prince Fugger, adorned with modern frescoes by F. Wagner, illustrative of the history of the town and the Fugger family .Subjects of these scenes (from left to right): 1. Emp. Rudolph of Haps burg confirms the municipal privileges of Augsburg (1273 ); 2. Emp. Lewis the Bavarian takes Augsburg under his protection (1315 ); 3, Jacob Fugger-94 Route 21 . AUGSBURG. From Nuremberg11founds the Fuggerei ( 1519); 4. Emp. Maximilian 1. holding his court at Augsburg (1500 ); 5. Anthony Fugger interceding for the town with Charles V. ( 1547).Friezes with allegorical groups of children form a kind of frame to these paintings. Between the windows of the first floor are the armorial bearings of distinguished families of Augsburg. Over the principal portal is a Madonna.The office of the Chamberlain of the Fugger estates , at the backof the Fuggerhaus , contains the so - called * Fugger Bath Rooms, twosumptuous apartments in the Italian Renaissance style ( 1570-72) ,now used for the meetings and exhibitions of the Augsburg ArtUnion . Opposite is the Arsenal (Pl . 44) , an imposing edificewith a facade by Elias Holl . Above the portal , which bears theinscription “ pacis firmamento, belli instrumento ', is a bronze group ,by Reichel , of *St. Michael overcoming the Ancient Enemy ( 1607 ).At the S. end of the Maximilians - Strasse are the two churchesof St. Ulrich (Pl . 26) , one Protestant, the other, termed the * Church of St. Ulrich and St. Afra, Roman Catholic . The lofty nave of the latter was erected in 1467-99 , and in 1500 the foundation - stoneof the choir was laid by Emp. Maximilian I. Pictures of that period on the W. wall represent the ceremony and the procession of the Emperor with the estates and cardinals . The three handsome * Re naissance altars date from 1604. Below that to the right is a vault with a marble sarcophagus containing the remains of Bishop Ulrich ,patron of the see of Augsburg. The side- chapels are separated from the body of the church by fine screens of marble, wood, and iron . In the nave is a Crucifixion in bronze by Reichel and Neid hardt , cast at the beginning of the 17th century. The Fugger Chapel, enclosed by a beautiful iron screen , contains the * Tomb of Hans Fugger (1589), consisting of a marble sarcophagus and re cumbent figure by A. Colin of Malines , which was transferred hither from the château of Kirchheim in 1877; also an altar with fine early-German carvings , recently erected . The beautiful N. portal was added in 1881 .The late-Gothic church of St. Anna (Pl . 17) , erected in 1472 1510, with its nave restored in the Renaissance style , contains an altar-piece representing the Saviour blessing children , portraits of Luther and Elector John Fred, of Saxony by Cranach , the Wise and Foolish Virgins by Amberger, etc. At the W. extremity is the richly adorned mortuary chapel of the Fuggers, built by Jacob Fugger ' the Rich . ' Ancient and modern tombstones in the cloisters . - The Barfüsserkirche ( Pl . 19 ) contains a few pictures by German masters of the 17th and 18th centuries, recently restored, and a splendid organ .The * Picture Gallery, in the old monastery of St. Catharine ( Pl . 10 ), is open daily from 9 to 1 ( fee ). The collection consists of nearly 800 paintings from the suppressed churches and con vents of Augsburg , the convents of Kaisheim and Schönfeld , the Boisserée and Wallerstein cabinets, and the old galleries of Düssel dorf, Mannheim , and Zweibrücken . It is chiefly interesting itsexamples of early German masters, containing in particular the best111B ilaindl с DSchäfflerb)Lind BarWurmC.4.VielN MktGasthöfe:a Drei Moluren b . Goldne Tribe . 0.4 .c. BayrHof ВА a.Möhrenkopf € .4 .£. Weisseslamun B.3 & Risenhut C.3 Uro Kronen A.4 .ButikenSpunon1WertachiKlaukeSarandasNientely SlepinsuntaxeAmidποιη P1287 uwezGassCarmenNieuziTQIZJudenwalMieGasseVIPParten VarenzAd.baKappmuammaregrayovarKappealtrestrasseProhimof WY300rer33PrireTargOUSMANபாக06steurGrolina3PatasgHolocarAGNürnberg UlmLabrik BCL101BahnhofDarTransTalderStrasseron ) TasseStrasseCIKCOverica menhautRaschoorsaa traANE0 ,acrony FrohenSIRIRosen z sala QU Huhner StrasseAUGSBURG .hon Van 1: 20.000 Rothens100 200Meter.400eB €f.te20.Dom .1615.Karen B.2.C.5. 29.Luog ins Land 2.Augustus Brunnen C.3. 16.Krankenhaus C.2.30 .Mauthhalle 3.BibliothekUntiquarium ) B3 17. S 'Anna (Protest. X ) B.3.3LMercure Brunnen 4.Bischöfl.Pallast C.2. 18.8 % Anton C.4. 32.Musoum 5. Börse . C 3 19.Barfüsser K /Stern Kloster) .C.333. Perlachthurm 6.Dominikaner Klaster C.4. B.2.34.Philippine Welzer Haus 7.Prolunfeste C.2 . 21. $? Georg B.1.35.Gewerbeschule 8.Fuggerhaus C.4. 22.8Jacob . D.3.36.Polizei 9.Fuggerei D.3 23.5Margareth D.3.37.Post 10.Gemälde Gallerie B. 4. 24.3 MaxinutianB.C.I. B.C.4.C. &B.3.C.3.B.3.B.C.L. C.3 .B.31.2.38 Rathhaus C.3 . 11 Geschaitegiesserei 25. StMoritz C.339.Residens Schloss 12.Gewerbehalle 26.84Ulrich C.5. 10.Spital 13.Gymnasium B. 3 27.S'Ursula D. 4. 42.Sterruvarte 14. HeralesBrunnen C.4. 28.8? Stephan C.1 . 43.Theater 44.Zeughaus Geograph Anstalt von Wagner & Debes, Leipzig 45.ReichsbankB.2 .CD3C. 2B.3.B.4 B.4 .ne1 A. 2.B.3Wien , Linux Pass . riIngolstadt . nHE03-sca TGeograph Anstalt .vunAWomeu.Taxis D.5 ||Tlaun AMonumentE.C.t.1.4 .Hof fürnbergereDrei Helme.C.3.. Kronprinz 1c.C.4 Kranz aGrünerabWeisser Hahn Kreuz ,GoldnesGasthöfeSERLASTREaagastA.3 .D.3 .C.3 .Wehrt UbbrerB10CourtRECENSBURG' The1.13.09berotrSTANT amHOJTouter1.OstaDlon , PoTagenbיומיישמת30Vind1800Sanmign.d listor .Ter: Turu danz TurisnaaPastoralTunist -KongBotd187 *Dial dw 8t.Cross13R928heter: 2Eldertempteurine ,CanneMrtraitKleitingMinder))songAlting AnatomopewrigaVUrnbergh TE Lock aust Scorul Rothenbrichet Pelawat AlzackgRegendor Vittencourt Hragerieucken arsene ThinkOpperador hulen Schön on LeitlaEntsbrunne Algperadontolzelhof TiehauULo Algud Baths lzethi Sales Sekovego Zlatiesiemsoth Priting Bereitungsleilledort Brure Reichenstettuna bullet Kelheim 8Betymaiting Dechbetter dior an StadtWenzenb KEGENSBURTSWedis 8 Tindackt Grundlam portale Siegel fekingLehhein Kathaus w Patling , Madingaip ees Schorraha Grasstore Poizekoli Grassregeneru $Otrossberg Ober Rello Obemutar Birkely Saan WUdstingBrergweinting Dalinti Hohen QUtolkali bebrddung tratar Waterfeking AST பேயாட்டாறு ProblingUNEsom wordBuzuns beginnAN meidenSIMONA Wagner &Debes ,LipzigAMOUS ALLI to AuKROTASSILEABUCHNENA SAto Augsburg.AUGSBURG . 21. Route. 95Room III.,works of Hans Holbein the Elder and H. Burgkmair, whose namesare identified with the most flourishing period of art in Augsburg (beginning of the 16th cent. ) . The portrait of a woman ascribed toLeonardo da Vinci (No. 383) is deemed the gem of the gallery.Room I. In the centre, marble bust of the younger Holbein after his portrait of himself at Bâle , executed by Lossow . 1. Burgkmair, Battle of Cannæ . 16-27. Cycle of paintings belonging to the old convent of St. Ca tharine, bearing reference to the indulgence by which its inmates were exempted from visiting the seven principal churches of Rome: 16-18. Holbein the Elder. Basilica of S. Maria Maggiore; 19. Burgkmair, Basilica of St. Peter; 20-22. Burgkmair , S. Giovanni in Laterano; 23.L. F. (?), SS. Lorenzo and Sebastian; 24. Burgkmair, S. Croce; 25-27. Holbein the Elder, S. Paolo.42, 43. Wohlgemuth, Ascension and Crucifixion; 47-51. Altdorfer , Christ on the Cross and the two malefactors; 52, 53.Burgkmair, The Emperor Henry II .and St. George; 66-69. Schafner, The Last Supper, Christ before Pilate,Denial of Peter, Christ washing his disciples' feet; 79-82. Zeitblom , Legend of St. Valentine; 84-86 . Holbein the Elder , Triptych, Transfiguration , Feed ing of the four thousand, Healing of the demoniac; 87. The same, Passion.Room II . Netherlands schools. 97. Snyders, Bear-hunt; 103. Schalcken ,Christ being mocked; 104. Van Dyck, Cavalier on horseback; 121. Cuyp ,Pastoral scene; 143. Lastman, Ulysses and Nausicaa; 164. School of Rubens,Arabs fighting with crocodiles; 146. Brueghel, Village feast.chiefly Italian artists . 426. Rosalba Carriera, Head of a child; 223. Boni facio , St. Catharine; 269. After Titian , Venus and Cupid; * 383. Leonardo da Vinci (?) , Head of a girl; 265. Tintoretto, Christ at the house of Mary and Martha; 274. Moroni, Isabella of Portugal; 321. Lanfranco , Assump tion of the Virgin; 464. Gerard , Portrait of the actress Hippolyte Mars.In the five CABINETS are many excellent small pictures. I. 458-462.Wagenbauer, Landscapes; 485-489. Kobell, Landscapes. II . 436, 437. Be ham , Portraits of Preyel and his wife; 547. Rembrandt, Resurrection; 548.J. Ostade, Interior of a cottage; 557. Wildens, Landscape. III . 523. PieterWouwerman, Cavalier scene; 623, 624. Philip Wouwerman , Hawking; 584 586. Goyen , ' 601. Hobbema , 602.' Wynants , 625. Ruysdael, Landscapes.IV. 13. Cranach the Elder , Pharaoh and his host overwhelmed in the Red Sea; 44-46. Burgkmair, Christ on the Cross and the two malefactors.V. (Continuation of Room I. ). Dürer, 668. Virgin with the pink, 669. The Virgin as mediatrix; *673-676. Holbein the Younger , The Virgin and St. Anna , Legend of St. Ulrich , Martyrdom of St. Peter, Beheading of St. Catharine; 691. Schaffner (?), Count Moritz von Ortenburg . • The new streets between the town and the railway - station contain a number of handsome edifices. Thus in the Fugger-Strasse are the Courts of Law and the new Theatre (Pl. 43), and in the Halder Strasse the Gymnastic Hall and the Corn Market.On the E. side of the town extends the public Park , at the upper end of which are the large water - works in the Lech calledthe ‘ Ablass’ , for conveying water to the town (* Restaurant ).From Augsburg to Munich, see R. 25 .73 m.22. From Nuremberg to Ratisbon .62 M. Railway in 21/4-53/4 hrs.; fares 8 m. 10 , 5 m. 40 , 45 (express fares 9 m. 25 , 6 m. 55 pf. ). From Nuremberg to Ratisbon Schwandorf, see R. 31 and p. 109; from Ratisbon to Linz, see R. 37, from Linz to Vienna, RR. 36 and 37.The line at first leads mainly through woods. 2 M. Dupleftdteich,the first station , is a favourite resort of the Nurembergers. At( 71/2 M.) Feucht a branch-line diverges to Altdorf. From ( 10 M. )96 Route 22. RATISBON .

Ochenbruck, a pleasant walk may be taken into the romantic Schwarz ach - Thal, by Schwarzenbruck , 11/2 M. to the W. 161/2 M. Post bauer . The line now crosses the Ludwigs -Canal and reaches 221/2 M. Neumarkt an der Sulz ( Post; Gans) , a prettily- situated little town of 4000 inhab ., with popular chalybeate and sulphureoussprings. The Gothic Church and the 15th cent. Rathhaus repay inspection; the Château is now the seat of the district- authorities.About 3 M. to the E. are the ruins of Wolfstein , and the Mariahilf berg, a fine point of view .The line traverses the broad Sulzthal and enters a wooded andhilly region . Beyond (29 M. ) Deining it crosses the Laber , which takes its rise 3 M. to the N. 35 M. Seubersdorf; 391/2 M. Parsberg,a large village picturesquely situated on the slope of a hill , whichis crowned by an old château , now used by the district- authorities.The church contains a late - Gothic font of the 15th century.Near (46 M.) Beratzhausen the train enters the picturesque valley of the Schwarze Laber , which at places is of a wild and romantic character. 50 M. Laber; 541/2 M. Eichhofen. The line then describes a wide circuit towards the E. and reaches thepleasant Nabthal . Near ( 56 M:) Etterzhausen, much frequented by the inhabitants of Ratisbon , is the ' Robbers' Cave', a lofty dome shaped cavern in the rock .The line follows the slope on the right bank of the Nab,crosses the Danube near (60 M. ) Prüfening, above the point where the Nab flows into it , and reaches 62 M. Ratisbon . Hotels. * GOLDENES KREUZ (Pl . a) , D. 21/2 m. ,R. , L., and A. 2-3 m ., B. 80 pf.; * KRONPRINZ ( Pl . c); WEISSER HAHN (Pl. b) ,near the bridge; GRÜNER KRANZ ( Pl . d ), second -class, well spoken of; DREI HELME ( Pl. e); HÔTEL NATIONAL ( Pl . f ); WEIDENHOF; *KARMELITENBRÄU;Hochstätter, the last four in the Maximilians-Str.; Post, unpretending.Restaurants. Neues Haus, by the theatre; Weisse Lilie , near the sta tion; Guldengarten (with garden ); Wurstküche, with quaint rooms, below the bridge (open 6-11 a.m., closed on Frid .; no liquors).Wine Rooms. * Diem zum Grünen Kranz; Geiling, Obere Wöhrd (Ba varian wine) . Beer. Bischofshof, near the cathedral; Weisses Bräuhaus;Jesuitenbräu; Katharinenspital, etc. — Schillfisch and Scheidfisch , or Wal ler, are esteemed varieties of fish .Omnibus from the Karmelitenbräu , in the Maximilians- Str. , to the Walhalla at Donaustauf at 2 p.m. in hr., returning at 6.30 p.m. ( there and back 1 m. 20 pf.; tickets should be taken in good time). One-horse carr. ( 1-2 pers . ) to Donaustauf 3 m . , to the Walhalla 31/2 m. , there and back with stay of 11/2 hr. 7 m. Two- horse carr. to Donaustauf for 1-2 pers .4, for 3-4 pers . 5 m ., to the Walhalla 5 or 6 m . , there and back with stay of 11/2 hr. 10 or 13 m . ( The hirer should insist on being driven up to the Walhalla, as the drivers are apt to stop at the foot of the hill . )Baths ( 20 pf.) at the Obere Wöhrd; ' Swimming Baths at the UntereWöhrd.Ratisbon, or Regensburg (1010 ft. ), beautifully situated at the confluence of the Danube and Regen , with 34,516 inhab . (6000Prot . ), the Castra Regina of the Romans, the Celtic Ratisbona, and since the 8th cent . the seat of an episcopal see founded by St. Bo niface , was from the 11th to the 15th cent. the most flourishingCathedral. RATISBON. 22. Route. 97and populous city of S. Germany. At an early period it was a free town of the Empire, and from 1663 to 1808 the permanent seat of the Imperial Diet. By the Peace of Luneville it was adjudged to the Primate Dalberg; and in 1810 it became Bavarian , after the disastrous defeat of the Austrians beneath its walls the preceding year, when a large part of the town had been reduced to ashes.Some of the numerous mediæval houses still retain the armorial bearings of their ancient owners , especially those in the Scherer Strasse (or Street of Ambassadors'), where the former residences of several ambassadors to the Diet are situated . Many houses also still possess their towers of defence , erected by the mediæval nobles ,a reminiscence of early German civic life now peculiar to Ratisbonalone . Of these the Goldene Thurm in the Wallerstrasse is the mostconspicuous , near which, in the Wadmarkt, is the Hochapfel- Thurm ,bearing a relief said to be a portrait of Emp. HenryI. The Goliath,the ancestral residence of the powerful Tundorffer family, opposite the bridge, the so- called Römer Thurm , near the former ducal resi dence in the Kornmarkt , and that by the ' Golden Cross' hotel ,may also be mentioned . Ratisbon ranks among the earliest homes of art in Germany, and even in the late Carlovingian and immedi ately succeeding periods possessed numerous interesting buildings.The lower part of the semicircular tower on the N. side of the ca thedral close still contains remains of Roman masonry . Several parts of the old Roman walls have been found during building operations, but they have all been again covered in . During the construction of the railway -station in 1870-74 a large Roman and Merovingian burial- ground was discovered; the objects found here were deposited in the Roman museum in the church of St. Ulrich.The * Cathedral (Pl . 5) of St. Peter was begun by Bishop Leo Tundorffer on the site of an earlier edifice in 1275, and completed during the following centuries , with the exception of the towers .The symmetrical proportions of the interior resemble those of Strass burg Cathedral. Peculiarities of construction are that the transept does not project beyond the sides of the aisles , and that the choir is destitute of the ambulatory and radiating chapels usual in Gothic churches. The beautiful W. façade with the chief portal and acurious triangular *Portico , is of the 15th century. Many of the stained -glass windows are modern . A gallery, with perforated stone balustrade , is carried round the roof, whence a good survey of the town may be enjoyed . On the N. side of the transept rises the Eselsthurm , or Asses' Tower , containing a winding inclined plane .The elegant open *Towers were completed in 1859-69 by Denzinger;a slender wooden spire , coated with zinc, has been raised above the cross . Length of interior 306 ft., breadth 125 ft.; nave 132 ft. high .The nave contains a monument in bronze erected in 1598 to Bishop Philip William , Duke of Bavaria . In a niche in the N. aisle, partly concealed from view , is the monument of the Primate Prince Dalberg (d . 1817), designed by Canova, and executed in white marble. On the N. side of the choir the *Monument of Margaretha Tucher in bronze , by P. Vischer ( 1521; see p. 83), representing Christ with the sisters of Lazarus .BAEDEKER'S S. Germany. 5th Edit. 7?98 Route 22. RATISBON . Rathhaus.On the opposite wall of the choir is a marble relief in memory of Bishop Herberstein ( d. 1663 ) , representing Christ feeding the five thousand. Ad jacent, the altar -tomb of Bishop Wittmann (d . 1833). On the S. side of the choir are two other modern monuments to bishops, by Eberhard; near them a well 66 ft. in depth , with an elegant covering sculptured in stone,executed in 1501 by the cathedral-architect Wolfgang Roritzer , who was beheaded in 1514 , for “ rebellion against the imperial authority '. The aisles contain five altars with handsome Gothic canopies and modern pictures. The finest of these is in the N. aisle, with statues of Emp. Fred erick II . and the Empress Cunigunde. The high - altar , presented in 1785 by the Prince-Bishop Count Fugger, is entirely of silver; adjoining it is the elegant * Ciborium , 56 ft. in height , with numerous statuettes,partly executed by Roritzer in 1493. Late - Gothic pulpit of 1482. An elegant open gallery runs round the interior of the church below the windows. The treasury contains old and costly crucifixes , reliquaries, and other valuables. (Entrance, when the principal door is closed , on the N. side ,near the Eselsthurm; the sacristan lives in the neighbourhood. )The " Cloisters on the N. side of the cathedral are shown by the sacris tan . The central hall contains beautifully - sculptured windows of the 16th cent.; the pavement is formed by the tombstones of patricians of Ratisbon. Adjoining this hall on the E. is the Romanesque All Saints'Chapel, erected in 1162 , with the remains of early frescoes and an inter esting antique altar. On the N. side of the cloisters is the old Cathedral ( St. Stephen's), a very early building in the circular style , with four re cesses in the sides . The altar in the apse , a block of stone partly hol lowed out, with elegant little round- arched ' windows, in which relics are said once to have been kept, is evidently of great antiquity.Just beyond the cathedral is the church of St. Ulrich , or theAlte Pfarre, a curious but elegant building in the transition-style of the first half of the 13th century . It is now used as a receptacle for the older collections of the Historical Society (see below ), in cluding prehistoric remains and the Roman Museum (one of the best in Germany ), with several sarcophagi and over thirty inscriptions.The galleries contain the bronzes and other smaller antiquities ( cards of admission sold by the sacristan of the cathedral, 50 pf. ) .The Rathhaus (Pl . 17 ) , a gloomy, irregular pile , was partly erected in the 14th cent.; the more modern portion was begun after 1660. The Imperial Diet held its sessions here from 1663 to 1806.Fine façade towards the Rath haus- Platz , with elegant bow - window and handsome portal . Cards of admission are obtained at the police guard - room (50 pf. for each person).The spacious Hall of the Diet contains what is groundlessly alleged to be the imperial throne of 1671 , covered with leather and studded with numerous brass nails . On the ceiling is a large imperial eagle. Thestained -glass windows exhibit the armorial bearings of Emperors Charles V. and Matthias. In the Electors' Room is preserved tapestry of the 14-15thcent. , representing the contest of the virtues and the vices , and pieces of the 15th - 17th cent., with Biblical, mythological , and hunting scenes. TheDeputation Room (entered from the gallery of the Hall of the Diet) con tains old flags, portraits, etc. In the Model Room are eighty -eight models of buildings in Ratisbon, antiquities , etc. The visitor is finally conducted into subterranean chambers and dungeons, among which is a torture- chamber.The Dollinger House, opposite the Rathhaus , contains an inter esting hall , with reliefs of the 15th century.The Collections of the Historical Society (Pl . 20; see above)are exhibited on the second floor of a house adjoining the Rathhaus,Schottenkirche. RATISBON. 22. Route. 99។Haidplatz D 93 and 94. They comprise archives and a library , an cient and other coins , drawings , wood-cuts , seals , weapons, pictures ,etc. (For admission apply to the custodian .) On the third floor are the collections of the Zoological and Mineralogical Society (open on the first Sunday of each month) , and the herbarium and library of the Bavarian Botanical Society , which is the oldest in Germany , having been founded in 1790. The same building accommodates the Art Union , the New Gymnasium , andthe Commercial School,In the immediate neighbourhood is the hotel ‘ Zum Goldnen Kreuz' (Pl . a ), the massive tower on the E. side of which bears amedallion - portrait of Don John of Austria (modern ). This celebrated general , a natural son of the Emp. Charles V. and the beautiful Barbara Blumberger, was born at Ratisbon on 25th Feb. , 1547. The Emperor lodged at the ' Golden Cross' during the Diet of 1546, but the assertion that Don John was born in this house is withoutfoundation .The celebrated Romanesque portal of the Schottenkirche ( Pl.10) , or church of the Benedictine Abbey of St. James (till 1862 amonastery of Irish monks) is adorned with singular sculptures in stone , consisting of figures of men and animals , perhaps sym bolical of the victory of Christianity over paganism . The church ,a basilica in the later Romanesque style of the 12th cent . , containingcolumns with interesting old capitals , lately underwent a thorough restoration . The buildings of the monastery were considerably en larged in 1862, and now serve as a seminary for priests .In the immediate vicinity , outside the Jacobsthor , is a Gothic Column of 1459with scriptural representations and statues of saints ,restored in 1855. The Predigersäule, or Preacher's Column, outside the Petersthor , with interesting reliefs of the 13th or 14th cent . , was restored in 1858 .The Gothic Church of the Minorites (Pl . 8) , dating from the be ginning of the 14th cent . , with an elegant and lofty choir , is now partly employed as a military storehouse , and the adjacent mon astery as a barrack .The old Benedictine Abbey of St. Emmeram ( Pl . 11 ) , one of the most ancient in Germany, was founded as early as 652 , and extended and embellished by Charlemagne . The church ,manesque basilica , was restored at the beginning of last century in the degraded style of the period .On The entrance is from the Emmerams-Platz. Tothe left in the garden is the isolated churchtower, adorned with statues (16th dent.). The porch ad joining the church -door contains an ancient stone seat. On the wall to the right is the tombstone of the historian Aventin (d . 16311. The churg contains Bavaria some interesting ancient sculptures: monument of Duke Henry ( a. 995); Empress Uta, wife of Arnulph(erected in the 13th cent.); Princess Aurelia , daughter of Hugh Capet ( d. 1027 ), erected in 1335; St.Emmeram (in the ' S. aisle ); St. Wolfgang (protected by a grating); Count Warmund v .Wasserburg (d. 1010), etc.The tombs of #mp. Arnulpbland Emp. Lewis-7RosFR597BUM100 Route 22. RATISBON . Stadt am Hof.>the Child are denoted by inscriptions. In the vaulted treasury are ahandsome sarcophagus, hewn at Ratisbon in 1423 and containing the relics of St. Emmeram, and other curiosities . Below the W. choir is the crypt of St. Wolfgang, dating from the 11th and 12th cent. and restored in 1878 .The extensive abbey-buildings have been the residence of the Princes of Thurn and Taxis since 1809. On the S. side of the churchare fine old cloisters of the 13th and 14th centuries. In the centreis the burial-place of the family , a modern mortuary chapel with stained - glass windows, containing a statue of Christ in the choir by Dannecker (p . 8) . The interior of the Riding School, on the right of the palace , is adorned with sculptures by Schwanthaler.The St. Emmerams-Platz , opposite the entrance to the church , is embellished with a Statue of Bishop Sailer (d . 1832) , erected by Lewis I. in 1868 .The Fürstengarten at the back of the palace is no longer open to the public. In the Anlagen , or pleasure -grounds, which have been laid out on the site of the old ramparts , stands, outside the Peters- Thor, a small circular temple ( Pl . 51 ) , erected in 1808, with a bust of Kepler the astronomer , who died here in 1630 whilst on a journey; below is a relief in marble . Near it is an obelisk on a lofty pedestal, erected to the memory of the prince by whom the promenades were first planned ( 1806) . The Anlagen also contain several other monuments.The modern Royal Villa in the Gothic style , situated on an old bastion at the lower end of the town, near the Ostenthor, commands an extensive view .An old stone bridge over the Danube , 380 yds . in length , con structed in the 12th cent., connects Ratisbon with Stadt am Hof,a suburb on the opposite bank, which was almost entirely burned down by the Austrians in 1809. Below Stadt am Hof the Regen, on which vast quantities of timber are floated down from the Bavarian Forest ( p . 171 ) , empties its turbid brown water into the Danube.A pleasant walk may be taken through Stadt am Hof to the Drei faltigkeitsberg, and the (21/4 M. ) Seidenplantage (Restaurant, with fine view,best by evening light).On the left bank of the Danube, about 6 M. to the E. of Ratisbon ( omnibus, see p. 96 ), lies the village of Donaustauf (Inn Zur Wal halla, at the E. end ), with a park of the Prince of Thurn andTaxis . On an abrupt limestone rock above the village rise the (1/4 hr.) ruins of the castle of Stauf, destroyed by the Swedes in 1642 , and embellished with pleasure-grounds (view preferable to that from the Walhalla ).Two routes ascend from Donaustauf to the Walhalla; oneimmediately to the left from the inn ( at first a carriage-road , then by a footpath to the right through shrubberies and past the house of the custodian ), approaching the Walhalla from the back , and pre ferable on account of the view which is suddenly disclosed . Theother, a footpath, ascends direct to the grand flight of 250 steps by which the edifice is approached from the Danube.Walhalla . RATISBON. 22. Route. 101The * Walhalla (i . e . ' Hall of the Chosen' , the Paradise of the an cient Germanic tribes), a German Temple of Fame' , stands very con spicuously on a hill 323 ft. in height. This magnificent edifice,founded by King Lewis in 1830, designed by Klenze, and complet ed in 1842, cost upwards of 14 million florins (about 1,200,000 1. ).Admission daily 8-12 and 1-6 ( fee ).The EXTERIOR ( 246 ft . long, 115 ft . broad) , surrounded by its fifty -two fluted columns, a fine example of the purest Doric order , closely re sembling the Parthenon at Athens, is massively constructed of unpolished grey marble (most of it quarried at the Untersberg; some of the blocks about fifteen tons in weight) . The PEDIMENTS both in front and in the rear contain groups in marble: S. , towards the Danube, a representation of Germania , regaining her liberty after the battle of Leipsic; N. the 'Her mannschlacht , or Battle of Arminius, both by Schwanthaler (d. 1848 ). The roof is constructed of iron and covered with plates of copper .The INTERIOR, of the Ionic order, consists of a superb hall 180 ft . long,50 ft. broad, and 56 ft. high, with richly decorated and gilded ceiling, and lighted from above. The pavement is of marble-mosaic. The lateral walls are divided into six sections by means of projecting buttresses, two on each side , and are lined with marble. The beams of the ceiling are supported by 14 painted Walkyries (warrior- virgins of the ancient German Paradise),by Schwanthaler . Around the entire hall runs a frieze, executed by Wagner,representing in 8 sections the history and life of the Germanic race down to the introduction of Christianity. The busts are arranged chronologically (beginning on the left side by the entrance) in groups, separated by six ad mirable ** VICTORIES by Rauch (the finest of which is that in the middle of the left side) . At the farther extremity is the 'opisthodomos' , separated from the principal hall by two Ionic columns. The general effect of the interior is grand and impressive, although the association of classical Greek architecture with an ancient barbarian Paradise and modern German celebri ties may appear somewhat incongruous. The * Busts, 101 in number, re present celebrated Germans who were deemed worthy by the illustrious founder to grace his temple of fame. Among them are the emperors Henry the Fowler, Fred. Barbarossa, and Rudolph of Hapsburg; also Gutenberg, Dürer,Luther (not admitted till after the abdication of King Lewis), Wallenstein,Fred. the Great, Blücher, Schwarzenberg, and Radetzky; Lessing, Mozart,Kant, Schiller, Goethe , etc. * View of the dark slopes of the Bavarian Forest; below the spectator flows the Danube, beyond it stretches the fertile plain of Straubing; right, Donaustauf and Ratisbon; left, in clear weather, the snow-capped Alps. The hill itself is surrounded by oak - plantations and pleasant promenades.An excursion to the * Befreiungshalle , or “ Hall of Liberation ', at Kel.heim is also recommended ( see p. 102 ).23. From Ratisbon to Donauwörth (and Augsburg).RAILWAY to ( 18 M.) Kelheim in 1-11 /2 hr. (2 m . 35 , 1 m. 55 pf., 1 m .);to (46 M.) Ingolstadt in 21/ 2-3 hrs . (fares 5 m . 95, 3 m . 95, 2 m . 55 pf. ); to ( 78 M. ) Donauwörth in 51/2-7 hrs. (fares 10 m. 10, 6 m. 70 , 4 m. 30 pf.); to ( 87 M.) Augsburg in 6 hrs. ( fares 11 m . 30, 7 m . 50, 4 m. $ 0 pf. ) .The line passes under the Nuremberg and Ratisbon railway at Gross -Prüfening (p. 96) , and crosses the Danube by a long iron bridge. 4 M. Sinzing , at the mouth of the Schwarze Laber (branch line to Alling, with considerable paper - mills) . The train now runs through a picturesque district on the left bank of the Danube.102 Route 23. KELHEIM.Beyond (9 M.) Gundelshausen, the Danube is again crossed. 12 M. Abbach; the village of the same name, with a modern church and a ruined chapel, lies 2 M. lower down. 15 M. Saal.To KELHEIM ( 3 M.) , branch -line in 10 minutes . The station lies on the right bank of the Danube, which is crossed by a new and handsome bridge.Kelheim ( * Deutscher Hof; * Ehrenthaller, at the Donauthor; Ober meyer's Restaurant, below the Befreiungshalle) is a busy little town with partly preserved walls and gates, at the influx of the Altmühl, and through it of the Ludwigs- Canal (p. 60 ) into the Danube. The market is adorned with statues of Lewis I. and Maximilian II. by Halbig. – A pleasant walk may be taken through the * Altmühlthal for about 3 M. above Kelheim .The Befreiungshalle ( 'Hall of Liberation ') , on the Michaelsberg, to the W. of the town, a magnificent classical edifice , designed by Gärtner and Klenze, was founded by Lewis I. in 1842, and inaugurated on 18th Oct., 1863, the 50th anniversary of the Battle of Leipsic . A rotunda,191 ft. in height, is borne by a substruction 23 ft. high, and is reached by a flight of 84 steps . On the exterior are 18 colossal female figures, emble.matical of different German provinces; in front of , and below these,18 candelabra; on the coping above the external arcade, 18 trophies. The interior , which is entirely lined with coloured marble , contains *34 Vic tories in Carrara marble by Schwanthaler; between these are 17 bronze shields made of the metal of captured French guns, bearing names of vic tories. Above the arcades are the names of 16 German generals on white marble tablets; higher up , the names of 18 captured fortresses. Below these is a gallery borne by 72 granite columns, 20 ft . in height, with bases and capitals of white marble. The richly-fretted dome, 70 ft. in height and 105 ft. in width , is lighted by a cupola 19 ft. in diameter. Opposite the portal is a staircase ascending to the inner gallery, which affords agood survey of the interior ( fine echo ). A narrow staircase leads thence to the outer gallery , where a view of the valleys of the Danube and Altmühl is enjoyed. Admission daily 8-12 and 2-6 o'clock. The custodian ( fee )lives in a house a short distance to the left .The VALLEY OF THE DANUBE between Kelheim and ( 3 M.) Weltenburg,a Benedictine abbey, founded by Duke Thassilo of Bavaria in 775, is very picturesque. The barren and rugged rocks , the gorges and summits of which are wooded, rise abruptly from the river to a height of 300-400 ft .Each of the more conspicuous rocks is named in accordance with some fancifu ) resemblance, such as the Three Brothers, Maiden , Peter and Paul,Pulpit, Napoleon , etc. The best plan is to take the train to stat . Thaldorf,walk thence to the ( 3 M.) village and (1/2 M.) abbey of Weltenburg or di rect to the latter (21/4 M.) , and then descend the river in a small boat ( 1 pers. 11/ 2-2, party 3 m .) to the monastery of Traunthal, romantically sit uated on the left bank (pleasant garden-restaurant) , whence a walk of 20 min. through wood brings us to the Befreiungshalle. A good forest path leads in 1 hr. from the Befreiungshalle to the bank of the Danube opposite Weltenburg (ferry ).The line now quits the Danube, and runs to the S.W., through a wooded and hilly region . 19 M. Thaldorf; 24 M. Abensberg,a small town on the Abensfluss, with an old castle and an interesting Carmelite church in the Gothic style. Napoleon defeated Archduke Charles here in 1809. 2812 M. Neustadt; 33 M. Münchsmünster;361/2 M.stat. Vohburg ( the town is on the Danube , 3 m. to the N.E.); 46 M. Ingolstadt (p . 107).From INGOLSTADT TO AUGSBURG, 41 M. , railway in 2 hrs. ( fares 5m . 25,3 m . 50, 2 m . 35 pf. ). The scenery is monotonous, the line running at first along the E. margin of the Donaumoos (see below ). 3/2 M. Zuchering;151/2 M. Schrobenhausen , a town on the Paar, with a late -Gothic brick church of the 15th century. 22 M. Radersdorf; 251/2 M. Aichach; near the latter, to the N.E. , is the ruined castle of Wittelsbach , ancestral seat7NEUBURG. 23. Route. 103of the reigning house of Bavaria , destroyed in 1209 , with an obelisk erected in 1832. 32 M. Dasing; 37'm . Friedberg , an ancient little town on the Ach, with a modern church, decorated with frescoes by F. Wagner;38/2 M. Hochzoll (p. 108 ). The train then crosses the Lech and reaches Augsburg (p . 91) .The railway to Donauwörth traverses the Donaumoos , an extensive marshy district, which has during the last century been gradually drained and brought under cultivation . 511/2 M. Weichering; 541/2 M. Rohrenfeld, with a royal stud . 58 M. Neu burg ( Post), a pleasant town with 7796 inhab ., on the slope of awooded hill rising from the Danube . The older part of the im posing Château of the Dukes of Pfalz -Neuburg is now a barrack .The W. wing, in the Renaissance style , was added by Elector Otho Henry in 1538 and resembles the Otto - Heinrichsbau at Heidelberg castle; it contains the district archives. The fine vaulted gatewayand two rooms with rich wooden ceilings deserve inspection . The Historical Society possesses four large pieces of tapestry executed in the 16th century. The Hofkirche, adjoining the château , con tains a valuable collection of ecclesiastical vestments of the 18th century . Herr Grasegger possesses a collection of antiquities found in the duchy of Neuburg. The town library and the old throne room in the town-hall are also interesting.The line now traverses a somewhat uninteresting district,keeping at a distance of 1-3 M. from the right bank of the Danube.At (62 M.) Unterhausen , the château of Stepperg , the property of Count Arco- Stepperg , is seen in the distance to the right, amid the woods on the other side of the river. Farther on is Bertholdsheim, a large château belonging to Count Dumoulin . 66 M. Burg heim; 71 M. Rain (p. 91 ). The train crosses the Lech , traverses another tract of moorland, crosses the Danube , and reaches 78 M. Donauwörth ( p. 90 ).24: From Frankfort to Munich by Ansbach andIngolstadt.252 M. Railway in 10-13 /2 hrs. (fares 32 m . 70, 21 m. 65, 13 m. 90 pf.; express 37 m. 40, 26 m. 15 pf.). See also p . 47. The Munich express at 11.7 a.m. starts from the E. Station .As far as Würzburg, see R. 13. The Ansbach line here turns to the S .; to the right a glimpse of the Marienberg is obtained. Near (85 M.) Heidingsfeld , once a fortified town , of which the church tower alone is visible , it crosses the Main and traverses its vine- clad bank (the Heidelberg line diverges to the right, see p . 54 ). 89 M. Winterhausen; 91 M. Gossmannsdorf; 94 M. Ochsenfurt (old Roman esque church and fine portal of St. Michael's); 97 M. Marktbreit (where the Main is quitted, and the W. slopes of the Steiger Wald approached); 104M. Herrnbergtheim; 1081/2 M. Uffenheim; 112 M. Ermetzhofen; 1161/2 M. Steinach.BRANCH RAILWAY from Steinach in 1/2 hr. to (7 M. ) Rothenburg on the Tauber (* Hirsch , Schmiedegasse , with fine view , R. 1 m. 40 , B. 60 pf. ) ,104 Route 24. ROTHENBURG. From Frankforta small town with 6500 inhab ., which presents with its red - tiled houses and well- preserved fortifications, even more strikingly than Nuremberg,the picturesque aspect of a German medieval fortified town . As in Nuremberg the churches are built in the Gothic , the secular buildings in the Renaissance style . Rothenburg is already spoken of as a town in adocument of 942, and from 1274 to 1803 it was a free city of the Empire.In the 14th and 15th cent . it was an energetic member of the Franconian League, and in 1525 it formed an alliance with the insurgent peasantry.The inhabitants embraced the tenets of the Reformation in 1543. During the Thirty Years' War the town was repeatedly besieged and taken.A visit of 3-4 hrs . suffices for a rapid inspection of the points of in terest. From the railway - station we walk to (5 min ), the Röder - Thor,the E. entrance of the town , and thence to ( 5 min .) the MARKET. Infront of us is the wide Herrengasse; to the left diverges the Obere Schmiedegasse, containing the so - called Haus des Baumeisters (No. 313 ), with its handsome façade adorned with Caryatides and its ancient court. In the market, adjoining the Herrengasse, rises the imposing * Rathhaus, the older part of which is in the Gothic style , with a tower 230 ft . high , while the later is a beautiful Renaissance structure of 1578 , with a projecting rustica portico and balcony, an oriel , and a fine side-portal. The stair case in the interior ascends to a vestibule with a fine timber- roof sup ported by Ionic columns. Beyond this is the spacious Court- room . Inthe cellars are torture- chambers and prison - cells. Near the Rathhaus,at the beginning of the Herrengasse, is the Fountain of St. George, erected in 1608 .The neighbouring church of * St. James (Jacobskirche) , with its two towers, was built in 1373 - 1456 and is remarkable for the beauty of its proportions and the purity of its style . There is a choir both at the E. and w, end , but no transept. The church contains three fine carved wooden altars: the altar of the Holy Blood, dating from 1478; the Vir gin's Altar, of 1300 (?); and the high -altar of 1388 , with wings painted by Fritz Herlen (1466 ). The beautiful stained- glass windows of the choir date from the end of the 14th cent. and were restored in 1856 . Thesacristan lives opposite the E. choir ( fee 50 pf. ) . Adjoining the W.choir,below which a street passes, is a handsome Renaissance house with an oriel, now used as a parsonage. The Gymnasium , also near the church,was built in 1589-91.Passing below the W. choir of the Jacobskirche and proceeding towards the N. we soon reach the Klingen - Thor and the small Church of St. Wolf gang, a Gothic structure of 1473-8 , the N. side of which forms part of the town -wall. A pleasant promenade outside the wall leads to the left to(6-8 min .) the gate of the grounds laid out on a hill once occupied by aCastle of the Hohenstaufen ( fine view of the town) . The gate stands at the end of the Herrengasse, which leads hence to the market (see above ) .In the Herrengasse re the early- Gothic Franciscan Church (ke kept bythe sacristan) and several houses of ancient patricians of Rothenburg,among the most noteworthy of which is the Schwarzmann'sche Haus(No. 48 ) , with a beautiful panelled banquet- room of 1566 (ceiling added in 1690; visitors admitted ).The above-mentioned Schmiedegasse and its prolongation lead past the Hospital ( 1570-76) to the Spitalthor, a fortified gateway with a circular bastion ( 1542) . Turning to the right outside the gate, and after 200 paces following the footpath which leads in a straight direction past the tower,we reach the Essigkrug, a hill commanding a good view of the town from the S. side . Below , in the Tauberthal , are the late -Gothic Kobolzeller Kirchlein and the old bridge over the Tauber (1330), with its double row of arches. To the left is the small Wildbad (Hotel; garden -restaurant),where there is a cold sulphur-spring.Carriage from Rothenburg to Schrozberg ( p . 44 ) in 2 hrs. , 6-7 m.and fee .1181/4 M. Burgbernheim, with an old castle (11/2 M. to the S.W. lies Wildbad, an unpretending watering -place ). At ( 124 M.) Oberto Munich. ANSBACH. 24. Route . 1052dachstetten the valley of the Franconian Rezat is entered . StationsRosenbach, Lehrberg .136 M. Ansbach (*Stern; Zirkel; Schwarzer Bär, unpretending;Benkher's Wine Rooms) , with 14,202 inhab . (1100 Rom . Cath . ), on the Rezat , is the capital of middle Franconia . The Schloss , builtin 1713, was once the residence of the Margraves of Ansbach, who inherited the principality ofBaireuth in 1769, and is now occupied by the district - authorities; the ‘ Fürstenzimmer' or royal apartments,however, have been maintained in their original condition . In front stands Halbig's bronze statue of the poet A. v . Platen (d . 1835) .The house in which he was born, in the Platen-Strasse , is indicatedby a tablet with an inscription composed by King Lewis I; above the inscription is the old sign of the house, an eagle flying towardsthe sun , with the motto , Phæbo auspice surgiť . The Hofgarten near the Palace , a large park with fine old trees, contains a pavilion with modern frescoes and an extensive orangery . In the park area monument to the poet Uz (d . 1796) , and another marking thespot where Caspar Hauser was assassinated , with the inscription:' Hic occultus occulto occisus 14. Dec. 1833. Caspar Hauser'stombstone in the churchyard is inscribed , ' Hic jacet Casparus Hauser aenigma sui temporis, ignota nativitas, occulta mors 1833. 'It is generally believed that this ill - fated youth , whose dark andmysterious fate is so well known , was a victim throughout hislife, as well as in his death , to the unscrupulous ambition of somenoble family, to whose dignities he was the lawful heir.The finest church is the late -Gothic * Johanniskirche of 1441 ,thoroughly restored in 1872; below the choir is the burial- vault of the Margraves of Ansbach , a branch of the Hohenzollern family .The * Gumbertuskirche, with three Gothic W. towers (1483-93 and 1597) and a late- Gothic choir (1523), contains the fine chapel of St. George, or Ritterkapelle , which was presented in 1459 to the Order of the Swan, founded by Elector Frederick II . in 1440. Twelve stone monuments of knights of the order, afterwards placed in the chapel,are now in the choir . The high-altar in the choir , with carving and fine paintings by Michael Wohlgemuth, also belonged originally to the Ritterkapelle. The Gothic choir- stalls , the scutcheons of knights of the Swan, and the old banners , taken by the citizens of Ansbach from the Nurembergers, are all worthy of notice. Onthe N. side of the church are the Courts of Justice, a handsome gabled edifice of 1563 . The modern Ludwigskirche was builtfor the Roman Catholic community in 1827 by Lewis I. The col lections of the Historical Society are interesting . A good view of the town and environs is obtained from Drechsels Garten ( Café ).FROM ANSBACH TO NUREMBERG, 27 M. , railway in 13 /4-21/2 hrs. ( fares 3 m . 55 , 2 m. 35, 1 m. 50 pf. ) . The'line traverses the Rezatthal for a short distance, and leads N.E. by stations Sachsen and Wicklesgreuth to ( 11 M.)Heilsbronn ( Post), a small town with the remains of a celebrated Cister cian Abbey , partly'in good preservation. The Church , a Romanesque ba106 Route 24. PAPPENHEIM. From Frankfortsilica, begun in 1150, with a Gothic choir (1263-80 and later) and Gothic aisles ( 1430-35 , afterwards enlarged) , and the Refectory ( now used as abrewery), with fine vaulting, rich Romanesque portal , and Gothic turrets,are still standing, while the cloisters and other portions of the monastery were all destroyed in 1770. The church contains the fine monument of the Electress Anna of Brandenburg ( d . 1512); that of Margrave George Fred. of Ansbach ( d . 1603), with eight statuettes of Counts of Zollern , and those of several other Margraves and Franconian knights are worthy of inspection . Also interesting are three winged altar -pieces with carvings and paintings of the school of Wohlgemuth (about 1500 ) and a late - Gothic ciborium ( 1515) . Both the church and its works of art have suffered from the restoration in 1856-60. The spring which gave name to the abbey rises in the interior of the church .The next stations are Raitersaich, Rosstall , with an old church , and Stein, with Faber's celebrated manufactory of lead -pencils (not shown to visitors ) . The train then crosses the Rednitz , and reaches Schweinau and Nuremberg ( p. 78) .FROM ANSBACH to CRAILSHEIM , 29 M. , railway in 11/2-2 hrs. (fares 3 m. 75, 2 m. 50, 1 m . 60 pf.). Stations Leutershausen , Büchelberg, Dombühl (branch -line to 'Dinkelsbühl and Nördlingen , p . 90 ), Zumhaus, Schnelldorf,Ellrichshausen , with a ruined castle , and Crailsheim (p. 44) .142 M. Winterschneidbach; 146 M. Triesdorf (3 M. to the E. is Eschenbach, birthplace of the early poet Wolfram v . Eschenbach , d . 1228); 1491/2 M. Altenmuhr, on the Altmühl . 1521/2M . Gunzen hausen , junction for Augsburg and Nuremberg (R. 21 ). The line now crosses the Altmühl , the valley of which it follows to Eichstädt.158 M. Windsfeld; 1621/2 M. Berolzheim; 165 M. Wettelsheim;1671/2 M. Treuchtlingen, junction for Nuremberg and Munich (p. 89)and the birthplace of the imperial general Count Pappenheim (1594 1632) .The Altmühl is crossed twice . 171 M. Pappenheim * Railway Hotel; Krone ), charmingly situated , is commanded by the extensiveruins of a castle of the counts of that name. The Roman Tower, amassive stone structure 100 ft. in height , commands a beautiful view. The town contains two châteaux of Count Pappenheim, one of them a fine modern building by Klenze . To the S. of ( 175 M.) Soln hofen , which is pleasantly situated on both banks of the stream , are extensive slate- quarries , once worked by the Romans, where upwards of 3000 workmen are employed. The slate , used for lithographing purposes , table-slabs , etc. , is largely exported . Numerous fossils .The train passes through a long tunnel , and reaches (179 M. )Dollnstein, an old town, still surrounded by walls . Below it , on the left bank of the Altmühl, rises the conspicuous, serrated Burg stein. Farther on is the prettily -situated village of Ober - Eichstädt.The line now quits the valley .of the Altmühl (to the left is the Wilibaldsburg, p. 107) , and reaches the station of Eichstädt, situated in a cutting, 3 M. from the town .1851/2 M. Eichstädt (Schwarzer Adler) , with 7564 inhab .,which was the residence of the Duke of Leuchtenberg from 1817 to 1855 , is the seat of a very ancient episcopal see , founded in 740 by St. Wilibald , a comp on of St. Boniface . The Cathedral in the transition - style , begun in 1042 , with Gothic naveato Munich . INGOLSTADT. 24. Route. 107727of 1365 , and late - Gothic choir of 1496, contains the monument of St. Wilibald with his statue , and the tombstones of several bishops .Good reliefs (1396) on the N. Portal . Fine cloisters with Roman esque columns. The Walpurgiskirche, containing the tomb of St. Walpurgis , from which a ' miraculous oil exudes , is visited by numerous pilgrims on 1st May (St. Walpurgis' Day) . Above the town rises the dilapidated Wilibaldsburg, the residence of the bishops down to 1730. On the Blumenberg, to the N.W. , numerous rare fossils (pterodactyl , archæopterix) have been found.The line traverses a wooded , undulating district by means of numerous cuttings. Stations Adelschlag, Tauberfeld , Gaimersheim .202 M. Ingolstadt ( Goldner Adler), with 15,300 inhab . , a strongly fortified town on the Danube , once possessed a celebrated college ,founded in 1472 by Duke Lewis the Rich, subsequently transferred to Munich (p . 123) . At the end of the 16th cent. it was attended by 4000 students. The Jesuit College, founded in 1555 , was the firstestablished in Germany . The town was besieged by Gustavus Adol phus in 1632, while his antagonist Tilly lay mortally wounded within its walls (see p. 91 ) . The French General Moreau took the place in 1800 after a siege of three months , and caused the fortifications to be dismantled , but the works have been reconstructed since 1827. On the right bank of the Danube are strong têtes- de - pont with round towers of solid masonry and the Reduit Tilly. Over theKreuzthor and Feldkirchenthor are statues of the constructors of the old and new fortifications respectively.The Gothic Frauenkirche of 1439 , with two massive towers in front , contains the tomb of Dr. Eck (d . 1543) , the opponent of Luther, and a monument to Tilly, who was buried at Alt-Oet ting (p. 162).Railway to Donauwörth, Augsburg , and Ratisbon, see R. 23.The station is 2 M. from the town, with which it is connected by tramway. The line skirts the glacis, and crosses the Danube by means of an iron bridge. To the right is the tête-de-pont. Stations Reichertshofen , Wolnzach (two thriving villages) , and Pfaffenhofen (a busy place with 2500 inhab ., on the Ilm ). The line ascends the valley of the Ilm as far as stat . Reichertshausen , beyond which it approaches the Glon , an affluent of the Amper. Stations Peters hausen , Röhrmoos. Then down the Amper - Thal to stat . Dachau .The railway intersects the extensive Dachauer Moos, crosses the Würm , the outflow of the Starnberger See , at stat . Allach , skirts the extensive Park of Nymphenburg, and reaches 252 M. Munich (p . 111 ) .10825. From Stuttgart to Munich .1491/2 M. RAILWAY in 51/2-9 hrs. ( fares 19 m. 35, 12 m. 80, 8 m. 20 pf.; express 22 m. 5, 15 m. 50 pf.).From Stuttgart to Ulm , see R. 4. The line here crosses the Danube, and enters the Bavarian dominions , to which Neu - Ulm belongs . Near (67 M.) Nersingen the town and abbey of Elchingen are seen rising on the opposite bank of the Danube , the heights of which were occupied by the Austrians under Laudon , 14th Oct. ,1805 , but were stormed by the French under Ney. From this vic tory the marshal derived his title of Duc d'Elchingen ( comp. p. 46) .691/2 M. Leipheim .74 M. Günzburg (Bär), the Rom . Guntia, a town with numer ous towers, is picturesquely situated on a hill , at the confluence of the Günz and Danube. Pop. 4000. The Schloss was erected by Mar grave Charles, son of Ferdinand of the Tyrol and Philippina Welser ( p. 92) . As the train proceeds , a range of wooded hills is seen to the right, crowned by the castles of Reisensburg and Landestrost (the latter almost entirely removed). 79 M. Neu -Offingen is the junction for Donauwörth (p . 90) and Ratisbon (p . 96 ).The Danube is now quitted . Near Offingen the train crosses the Mindel. 83 M. Burgau, an industrial town on the Mindel, with 2000 inhab . and an old château . 85 M. Jettingen; 89 M. Gabel bachgereuth . The country becomes flatter . On a hill to the left is the small château of Zusameck. Stations Dinkelscherben (bridgeacross the Zusam ), Mödishofen (then across the Schmutter ), Ges sertshausen, Diedorf, Westheim . The train then crosses the Wertach and reaches ( 111 M.) Augsburg (p . 91 ) .Beyond Augsburg the Lech is crossed . The line traverses asterile plain , consisting chiefly of moor and bog. 1131/2 M. Hoch zoll , junction of the line to Ingolstadt (p. 103). To the left lies the small town of Friedberg (p . 103). The Lech is now quitted .Stations Mering , Althegnenberg (with château ), Haspelmoor (with large peat- stores), Nannhofen , Maisach, Olching ( where the Amper,the discharge of the Ammersee, is crossed ), Lochhausen. The Dachauer Moos is now traversed . At stat . Pasing the train crosses the Würm , by which the lake of that name is drained . Near Munich the park and palace of Nymphenburg ( p . 157) are seen on the left;then the Marsfeld, or military drilling - ground.1491/2 M. Munich , see R. 27.26. From Leipsic to Munich viâ Hof and Ratisbon .298 M. Railway to Ratisbon in 10-121/2 hrs. (27 m. 40, 18 m. 20 , 12 m.80 pf.; express 36 m. 40, 25 m . 50 pf. ); to Munich in 14-173/4 hrs . (42 m . 80 ,30 m . 90, 21 m . 90 pf.; express 49 m . 80 , 37 m. 10 pf. ) . This is the most direct route from Leipsic (and Berlin ) tó Munich.From Leipsic to (103 M.) Hof, see R. 15. Beyond Hof the line traverses a hilly district. 108 M. Oberkotzau , the junction of theSCHWANDORF. 26. Route . 109line to Lichtenfels and Bamberg ( p. 58) . 1101/2 M. Martin lamitz. 115 M. Kirchenlamitz , 2 M. to the W. of which rises the Epprechtstein ( p. 75). Beyond (118 M.) Marktleuthen the train crosses the Eger. From ( 1221/2 M.) Röslau a diligence runs daily in 14/4 br. to Weissenstadt (p. 74 ). At ( 125 M.) Holenbrunn abranch- line diverges to (21/2 M.) Wunsiedel (p. 75 ). The line now crosses the valley of the Röslau by a viaduct 115 ft. high, and turns towards the S.E.130 M. Markt- Redwitz, a busy little town on the Kössein, and the junction of lines to Nuremberg (see p. 89) and to Schirnding (17 M.) . Protestant church in the transitional style. 136 M. Groschlattengrün. 140 M. Wiesau, with a chalybeate spring (junction for Eger, p. 285, and of a branch -line to Tirschenreuth ). 147 M. Reuth. Then through the valley of the Waldnab to ( 151 M.)Windisch - Eschenbach and (157 M.) Neustadt an der Waldnab.161 M. Weiden (Grüner Kranz ), a pleasant little town (3000 inhab .), the junction for Baireuth (p . 72) and Neukirchen (p . 163) .164 M. Rothenstadt. At (166 M.) Luhe the Heidenab and Waldnab unite to form the Nab. 171 M. Wernberg; 1751/2 M. Pfreimt;1781/2 M. Nabburg; 185 M. Irrenlohe ( junction for Nuremberg, see p. 164). The train now crosses the Nab, and reaches ( 188 M.)Schwandorf ( Post), junction for Pilsen and Prague (R. 31 ) .192 M, Klardorf. From (198 M.) Haidhof a branch-line runs to the rail-manufactory of Maximilianshütte, 11/4 M. to the W.; 11/2 M. to the N.W. is Burglengenfeld , with a picturesque ruined castle. To the right beyond(1991/2 M.) Ponholz rises Schloss Birken see. Before (205M.) Regenstauf the Regen is crossed . On the right Ratisbon with its cathedral , and then on the left Donaustauf and the Walhalla come in sight. Beyond (212 M.) Walhallastrasse the train crosses the Danube by an iron bridge, 700 yds . in length .215 M. Ratisbon , see p . 96.The line from Ratisbon to Munich traverses an uninterestingdistrict . Stations Obertraubling (to Passau , see R. 32) , Köfering,Hagelstadt, and Eggmühl, near which the French under Davoust defeated the Austrians, 22nd April , 1809 , from which victory themarshal derived his title of Prince d'Eckmühl. The Grosse Laberis now crossed. Then stations Steinrain , (239 M.) Neufahrn , on the Kleine Laber (branch by Geiselhöring to Straubing , see p . 165) ,Ergoldsbach, and Mirschkofen .254 M. Landshut (* Kronprinz; Dräxlmaier; Drei Mohren;

• Rail. Restaurant) ,, with 17,225 inhab . , an old-fashioned town with wide streets and gabled houses , is picturesquely situated on the Isar. The three principal churches, St. Martin's, built about 1450, St. Jodocus, begun in 1338, and the Holy Ghost, or Hospital Church, begun in 1407 , are all admirable structures in brick in the Gothic style , with nave and aisles of equal height, and are adorned with well-executed sculpturing in stone . The lofty tower of St.

2110 Route 26 . LANDSHUT.Martin's is 462 ft. in height ( surpassed only by those of Strassburg Cathedral , Cologne Cathedral , and the Church of St. Nicholas atHamburg ). On the outside of it is the tombstone of Stetthammer ( Hans der Steinmetz , d. 1432) , the builder of the church , withhis bust and a half-length figure of the Saviour. The late-Gothicpulpit, of limestone , dates from 1422. The beautiful late-Gothic high-altar ( 1424) has lately suffered from a tasteless attempt at restoration . The windows contain modern stained glass by Scheerer.The Post Office ( formerly House of the Estates) is decorated with old frescoes lately restored , representing the sovereigns of Bavaria from Otho I. to Maximilian I. - The New Palace ( 1536-43), begunby German, and completed by Italian architects , exhibits features both of the German and Italian Renaissance . Its columned court and fine upper rooms, with beautiful friezes, are among the best Renais sance works in Germany. Some of the rooms contain an instruc tive collection of industrial models , established by Dr. Gehring.The Rathhaus, originally erected in 1446, was provided with anew façade in 1860-61 . The late- Gothic council-chamber (restored)is adorned with a huge mural painting in tempera by Seitz, Spiess ,and other artists , representing the marriage of George the Rich .In front of the Rathhaus stands a bronze Statue of Maximilian II .,by Bernhard . The college of Ingolstadt was transferred to Landshut in 1800, and thence to Munich in 1826. A statue of the founder, Duke Lewis the Rich (d . 1479) , has been erected in front of the government-buildings.Burg Trausnitz, an old castle rising above the town , formerly the residence of the Dukes of Lower Bavaria , originally built in the 12th cent., was frequently altered , and has suffered greatly from the ravages of time. The Chapel ( 1304-31), which lately underwent a thorough renova tion , is the only portion remaining of the original structure The balus trades , decorated with stone figures, the large relief of the Annunciation,the mural paintings of the altar-recess, and the ciborium (1471) are worthy of notice. Some of the apartments are finely painted in the Renaissance style ( 1576-80 ), and others contain handsome wooden ceilings and panelling . The mural paintings on the " Fools' Staircase' , representing scenes from Italian comedies , deserve inspection . The upper floor has been sumptu ously fitted up for the reception of the King of Bavaria. In the court is a well , surmounted by a fine wrought- iron framework, and with pails in bronze ( executed , according to the inscription , in 1558). Conradin , the last of the Hohenstaufen , was born at the neighbouring castle of Wolf stein ( now a ruin) in 1252 and spent a great part of his childhood at the Trausnitz . Beyond the Trausnitz lies the village of Berg , frequented as a health -resort by persons with weak lungs; it is separated from ( 14/4 M.)Landshut by the Hofgarten, a public park with beautiful walks. - Fromthe garden -restaurant on the (11/2 M.) Klausenberg, a fine view is obtained of the town , the castle , and the valley . At the foot of the hill are aviaduct and railway-bridge, carrying the new Rotthal railway over the Isar and the part of the valley liable to inundation .From LANDSHUT TO LANDAU , 28 M., railway in 2 hrs. ( fares 3 m. 70 ,2 m. 45 , 1 m .60 pf. ) . This railway is the shortest route from Munich to Eisenstein , Pilsen , and Prague. The train follows the left bank of the Isar . Stations Altheim , Ahrein , Wörth , Loiching , ( 18 M.) Dingolfing , anold town on the right bank of the Isar. ' The line then crosses a tract of moorland. Stations Gottfrieding, Schwaigen, Pilsting. Landau , see p. 171.MUNICÍ. 27. Route. 111The railway ascends the valley of the Isar. 262 M. Bruckberg,with a small château to the right of the line; then on the right Schloss Isareck . The Amper is crossed . 2661/2 M.Moosburg, a very ancient town on the Isar. The Romanesque church contains afine old carved altar. In clear weather the Alps soon become visible . 271 M. Langenbach . 278 M. Freising (* Ettenhofer zum Sporrer) , a town with 8900 inhab . on the Isar , on a height to the right, has been the seat of an episcopal see ( now Munich- Freising) from the 8th cent . down to the presentday. The Romanesque Cathedral( 1160-1205) was dis figured by alterations in the 17th century . The curious quadruple crypt , the vaulting of which rests on short round and polygonal columns, with rich capitals, is alone worthy of notice . The Church of St. Benedict, connected with the cathedral by the cloisters , con tains a fine stained - glass window. The archiepiscopal Clerical Seminary possesses an interesting old picture of the Madonna (‘Lu kasbild' ). To the W. lies the loftily-situated Weihenstephan,formerly an abbey, now an agricultural college and brewery.Next stations Neufahrn , Lohhof, ( 290 M. ) Schleissheim (p . 157) ,Feldmoching, and ( 298 M.) Munich .227. Munich.Arrival. The hotel -omnibuses ( 3 /4-1 m. ) meet the trains arriving at the Central Station. Porter from the station to a cab , 20 pf. up to 110 lbs. , 40 pf. up to 220 lbs.; into the town , small articles 20 pf. , trunk under 110 lbs. 40 pf. , under 220 lbs. 80 pf. Cab from the station to the town with one horse, 1-2 pers . 50, 3 pers. 60 pf.; with 2 horses, 1-4 pers. ,1 m.; from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. double fare and 20 pf. extra for waiting.Small articles of luggage free , trunks under 110 lbs. 20 pf. , above 110 lbs .340 pf..50 ,Hotels . * Four SEASONS (Pl. a; F, 4, 5 ), Maximilians -Strasse, near theHof- Theater, R. 3-4 m. , L. 1 m. 20, B. 1 m. 20, D. at 1 o'cl . 3 m. 70, at 5 o'cl .4 m. 50 , A. 80 pf., omnibus 1 m.; * BAVARIAN HOTEL ( Pl. b; E , 4 ), Promenaden Platz , R. from 2 m ., L. 1 m. , B. 1 m . 20, D. at 1 o'cl. 3 m. 50, at 5 o'cl. 4 m . A. 70 pf.; " HÔTEL BELLEVUE (Pl. c; C, 4 ), Karls-Platz, R. from 21/2 m. , D. 3/2 m . , B. 1 m. , L. and A. 1 m . 20 pf.; * RHEINISCHER HOF ( Pl . d; C , 4,5) ,Bayer-Str ., near the station , R. from 2 m ., L. & A. 75 pf., B. 1 , D. at 1 o'cl. 3, at 5 o'cl. 4 m.; *HOTEL DETZER (P1. e; E , 5 ), Kaufinger- Str. 23;

• ENGLISCHER HOF (Pl. f; E , 5) , Diener- Str.11; *HÔTEL LEINFELDER (Pl. g;

1,4), Karls- Platz, R. from 11/2m ., L. & A. 70, D. 2 m. 80, B. 80 pf.; *MARIEN BAD ( Pl . h; D , 3), Barer-Str. 11, with a large garden and baths, R. from 3 m .,L. and A. 1, B. 1 , D. 3 , pension in winter 7 m.; *HôtelMAXIMILIAN ( Pl . i;F , 5) , Maximilians- Str ., with café ( see below ); * Max EMANUEL (Pl. k; E, 4) ,Promenaden -Platz; "HÔTEL HÖRL, opposite the Central Station; * EUROPÄI SCHER HOF (Pl . 1; C , 5 ), Bayer-Str ., * VICTORIA, Senefelder-Str ., both near the station; * STEPHAN'S HOTEL (Pl. m; C, 5 ), Karls - Platz 24; FRANZISKANER,Residenz- Str. 9; OBERPOLLINGER (Pl. n; D, 3 ), at the Karlsthor ( restaurant below ); BAMBERGER Hof ( Pl . 0; D, 5 ), opposite the last; "AUGSBURGER Hof (Pl. P; C, 4 ), KRONE (Pl. q; D , 4 ), both outside the Karlsthor; * Achatz,Maximilians-Platz; * DEUTSCHERKAISER (Pl.r; C , 4 ), SCHWEIZERHOF, both near the station. –Hôtels Garnis: *Roth (Pl. s; F, 5 ), Neuthurm -Str., near the Maximilians -Str . , R. from 1 '/2 m.; ZUM KAPPLER, Promenaden -Str. 13.PENSION DAHLWEINER, Karls- Str. 1a , 6-8 m . per day; Neu, Maximilians-Str.32; FRÄULEIN SCHMIDT , Maffei - Str. 3; WALTENBERG , Brienner- Str. 47;112 Route 27 . MUNICH .Cabs.Hache, Karolinen- Platz 2; BÜRGER, Akademien -Str. 7; also at Fürsten- Str .3a, 3rd floor. Private Apartments ( 1 m. 20 to 2 m. 50 pf. per day) may be obtained at FRAU Roth's, Dachauer- Str . 15 , near the station , and in numerous other houses. – During the “ October Festival', however ( first week of Oct. ), accommodation can rarely be procured unless previously bespoken. Several of the collections are closed during this period.Cafés. Maximilian, de l'Opéra , Lorenz, Victoria (with garden ), all in the Maximilians- Str ., and also restaurants , Roth, see above, with a hand some hall; Dengler, Heck, below the arcades of the Hof - Garten; Odeon ,Odeons-Platz 2 , Börsen - Ćafé, Börsen - Passage, Maffei-Str.; Bavaria, Phila delphia , Wein- Str .; Danner, Probst, and Karlsthor, all near the Karlsthor ( closed in the evening); Impérial, Schützen -Str ., outside the Karlsthor;Métropole, dall'Armi, Frauen -Platz; Englisches Café, with garden ( see below );Orient , Sonnen -Str.; Fritsch , Kaufinger - Str . 27; Perzei, Greif, Marien Platz; Central, Rosen-Str., Ungerer, Brienner- Str. 1; Paul, Gärtner -Platz;Germania , in the Thal Confectioners. Rottenhöfer , Residenz- Str. 26;Hof, Promenaden- Platz 6.Restaurants. Most of the hotels and cafés are also restaurants .Wine at the following: * Grodemange , Residenz - Str. 19; * Schleich, Brienner Str. 8 , corner of the Maximilians- Platz; * Eberspacher , in the Kunstge werbehaus (p . 154 ) , Pfandhaus - Str., with handsome rooms; * Rathskeller (p . 153); " Schimon Kaufinger- Str. 15; * Eckel , Burg - Str. 16; Neuner,Herzogspitalgasse 20; * Funk, Promenaden - Platz 15; Tenor- Mayer , Neu hauser- Str. 3; Kurtz, Augustiner-Str. 1; Mittnacht, Fürsten-Str. 2; Michel,Rosen- Str. 11 , ' Hungarian wines; Ott , Schwanthaler- Str. 18, Greek wines;Hauser, Rindermarkt 8; Veltliner Weinstube , Bayer - Str. , near the sta tion; Spanish Wine Saloon, Otto - Str . 3a; Oesterreichische Restauration,Diener-Str. 20 ( Tyrolese wine and Pilsener beer); Abenthum (old German drinking - room ) , Maximilians - Str. 21 . Beer , one of the great spe cialties of Munich, generally good and remarkably cheap , may be pro cured almost everywhere (best in winter and spring ). The Hofbräu haus, in the Platzl (Pl. F, 5 ), where the best beer is said to be brewed ,is one of the sights of Munich , and is always crowded by persons of all classes (except in July and August) . Opposite, Platzl, Bonnet zur Scholastica ,Orlando di Lasso (Hofbräuhaus beer at all); Oberpollinger (see above) , near the Karlsthor; Hirschbräu , Färber-Gasse; Franziskaner, opposite the post office; Sternecker, in the Thal; Hacker, Sendlinger-Str.; Pschorr , Spaten bräu , both in the Neuhauser -Str; Europäischer Hof, Senefelder-Str.; Kappler,Promenaden -Str.; Achatz, Dult-Platz 8; Café Bock, with garden, outside the Isarthor , etc., etc. The ' Bierkeller' outside the gates also attract numerous visitors in summer. Pleasant view and good beer at the Franzis kanerkeller in the suburb of Au, on the right bank of the Isar; Hirschbr äu keller, Herbst - Str .; Hackerbräu and Spatenbräu , Bayer -Str .; Bava ria,Theresienhöhe. The following varieties of beer are drunk in spring oply:Salvator, or Zacherlöl (strong), in the first half of April; Bock , or Eimbeck beer ( first introduced at Munich in the 16th cent. from Eimbeck ) , in which the malt preponderates considerably over the hops, usually in May,and at the festival of Corpus Christi in June. In 1879 upwards of 28 mil lion gallons of beer were brewed in Munich , about four- fifths of which were consumed in the town alone.Concert Rooms. Central- Säle, Neuthurm -Str.; Kil's Colosseum, Müller Str. , Englisches Café, Maximilians-Platz , with garden .Baths. Marienbad (see p. 111); Giselabad , Müller - Str. 291/2; Wöster mayr , Müller -Str . 45 , Volksbad, Baader-Str ., swimming-baths at these two;Hofbad, Anna- Str.4; Bad Brunnthal, in the English Garden (p . 156) , room and medical attendance 15-50 m . weekly . Cabs. ( Droschke, a one-horse vehicle, for 2-3 pers. only; Fiaker, with two horses.) One- horse: 1/4 hr. , 1-2 pers . 50, 3 pers . 60 pf.; 1/2 hr. 1 m . or 1 m .20 pf.; 3/4 hr. 1 m . 50 or 1 m . 80 pf.; 1 hr. 2 m . or 2 m . 40 pf.; 19/4 hr. 21/2 or 3 m .; -11/2 hr. 3 m. or 3 m. 60 pf.; 2 hrs. 4 m. or 4 m . 80 pf.; 3 hrs. 5 m.60 or 6 m. 80 pf.; each additional 1/4 hr. 40 or 50 pf. Two-horse: 1/4 hr.,1 1 m. 10 pf.; 1/2 hr. 2 m. or 2 m . 20 pf.; 3/4 hr.2 m. 50 or 2 m. 80'pf.; 1 hr. 3 m. or 3m . 40 pf.; 11/4 hr. 3 m . 70 or 4 m. 20 pf.;71-4 pers . m ., 5-6 pers .Ow7STl'stiegMarstelu str. BrauereiLöwenbriaSpaterbräuMarsfeld3Ma S5tKnorr od .BL Augustiner Keller ucatZstraShirtenstGüterhalle se4 Pscharr & Hacker се Keller Kirschbräu keller GüterhalleGüterexBLandsbergerstr.MauthantBWesten astr.Rennbahnstr .Kleestr .Vittererstr .SchwanthalerhöneUn t h at 5Riedlerstr.0Ź andwe hBavariaKeller4 InstitutCO7Schiess -stätte 6There s e nRe n n -W i e seB a h nBavariaHuhmeshalleora Brunnthal 2Dianabad Versorg Anst.f.BeamtRelistenimmelreichpopoPara dies GatterIsAR3 riesegenhaluserstistrasser amAnla iliaiKeller d .Maxim.BrauereiSMaxi5m2eMittetwegKrankenClaus imilianbr.Langerstra 5reBogenstristr.MaximilianeumAussereMarinaSNuanstrSS rPraterstr.V OSR S T. SecriederStchentLofbrän! Wiener JohannisaJugendstrGasteigaKeller BergamLaimsto,16St JohannisHze Ludwiе"SPlatz0.ai -Wi e1 Sundgrubegoernstr.wortgangstOosterz.guten Hirten Preysi nystrasseH A I , DIA EEsrSalsassMilsStrass burgers Zenger KellerP3isųitBearKey to the Plan of Munich .>. ...F.2.

New

2777. 72Academy of Art. . F. 1. Herzog Max Burg . D. 4. Pinakothek , Old D. 2.of Science D. 1. Hofbräuhaus F. 5 . New D. 2.Alte Hof E. 5. Hospital of St. Police Office E. 5.Anatom. Instit. C. 6 . Elizabeth .... C. 6. Polytechnic School D. 2.Aquarium D.5. Industrial Art Post Office.. E. 4. 5.Archiepis. Palace . E. 4 . School C. 2. Priests' Seminary . F. 2.Art Union F. 3. Industrial Ex Propylæa C. 3.Bank, Bav. E. 4 . hibition . D. 4. Railway Station,Isarthor . F. 6. Central . C. 4. Barracks.Karlsthor . D.5. Rathhaus, Old E. 5.Artillery F G. 4. Library . F. 2 . New E. 5 .Cuirassiers .F. 6 7. Lunatic Asylum . H. 8. Reichsbank F. 3.Hofgarten F. 4. Marian Column E. 5. Riding School. F. 4.Infantry D E. 2. Maternity Hospital C. 6. Royal Palace EF, 4.Isar, oid F G. 7. Maximilianeum H. 5. Salt Works .F. 6, 7. Military Hospital A. 1. Schack's Picture Bavaria . A. 7 . School . C. 4. Gallery C. 3.Blind Asylum F. 2. Ministry ofFinances F.3. Schwanthaler Botan. Garden C. 3.4. of For Museum C. 5.Bronze Foundry . . B. 1 . eign Affairs E. 4. Siegesthor. F. 1 . Cemetery, of the In- Slaughter House. B. 8.Southern ..CD.7.8. terior .. E. 4. Ständehaus . E. 4.-new . C. 8. Mint F. 5. Synagogue E. 6. Northern . D. 1 . Telegraph Office C. 4.Churches. Monuments.Allerheiligen Deroy , Schel Theatres .( Court-) Chapel F. 4 . ling, Rumford , Hof-Theater . F. 4.St. Anna G. 4 . Fraunhofer . É G.5. Residenz- Theat. . F. 4.Auer (Maria Elector Maximi. Gärtner - Platzhilf) Kirche . F. 8 . lian I. E. 3. Theater E. 7.Basilica . C. 3. Max Emanuel E. 4. Turnhalle B. 1. D.7. Carmelites D. 4 . Gaertner, Klenze E. 6. University F. 1 .Frauenkirche . E. 5 . Goethe . D. 4. Veterinary School . G. 1 .Heiliggeist E. 6 . King Lewis I .. E. 3.St. John (Haid Max I .. E. 4. hausen ) H. 6. Max Il . G. 5 .Hotels.Ludwigskirche F. 2 . Schiller. E. 3. a Four Seasons F.4.5.St. Michael's . D. 5 . Westenrieder , b Bavarian Hotel E. 4.St. Peter's E. 5. Gluck , Kreit- c Bellevue . C. 4. Protestant C. 5 . mayr, Orlando E. 4. d Rheinischer Hof c.4.5.Theatine Ch. E. 4. NationalMuseum F G.5. e Detzer . E. 5.Civic Arsenal E. 6. Obelisk D. 3. f Englischer Hof . E. 5.Commandant's Odeon .E. 3. g Leinfelder Residence F. 3. ' Royal Stables F. 4.h Marienbad D.3.Corn Hall D E. 6. War Office. F. 2. 3. i Maximilian F. 5.Crystal Palace C. 4 . k Max - Emanuel . E. 4.Deaconess Institute D. 1 .i Europäischer Exchange E. 4. Palaces. Hof .C. 5 .Exhibition Building c . 3 . Duke Max . E. 3.Im Stephan C.5.Feldherrnhalle E. 4. Prince Charles n Oberpollinger . . D. 5. General Hospital C. 6. of Bavaria . . F. 3.o · Bamberger Hof D. 5.Georgianum F. 1 . Prince Luitpold . E. 3. p Augsburger Hof E. 4 .Glyptothek . CD. 2. 3. Wittelsbach E. 3 . D. 4.Government Pathological In r Deutscher Kaiser C.4.Buildings. G.5. stitute C. 6.s Roth F.5.... D. 4 .9 KroneBAEDEKER'S S. Germany. 5th Edit. 8114 Route 27 . MUNICH.Collections .14/2 hr . 4 m. 40 pf. or 5 m.; 2 hrs. 5 m . 80 or 6 m .80 pf.; 3 hrs. 8 m . 60 or 9 m . 80 pf.; each /4 hr. additional 70 or 80 pf. Tariff for drives to the following places , for one- horse carriages with 1-2 pers . and two - horse with 1-4 pers .' respectively: the Bavaria 1 m . or 1 m . 80 pf.; Chinese Tower 70 pf. or 14/2 m .; Brunnthal 80 pf. or 1 m . 80; Bogen hausen 1 or 2 m.; Kleinhesselohe 1 m. or 2 m. 20 pf.; Nymphenburg 2 m.or 3 m. 60 pf. if ' the carriage is used in returning, the return -drive is paid for by time. The fare for the first 1/4 hr. must be paid in full,however short the drive; for less than 5 min. ofan additional 1/4 hr., 10 or 20 pf, only is paid. From dusk till 10 p.m., 10 pf. per 1/4 hr. is charged for the lamps. From 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. double fares, also from the station double fares and 20 pf. extra as waiting-money. Luggage up to 55 lbs. ,20 pf., above 55 lbs. , 40 pf.; small articles free.Tramways every 5 min. from the Nymphenburger - Str. across the Balınhofs- Platz to the Promenaden-Platz; from the Bahnhofs- Platz across the Sendlingerthor - Platz and the Au to the East Railway Station , from the Theresienhöhe by the Bahnhofs- Platz, the Dult-Platz , and the Ludwig Strasse to Schwabing . Fares 10 or 15 pf. according to the distance traversed.Omnibus from the Marien - Platz to the Station every 6 min.; every 1/4 hr .through the Maximilians- Str. , Ludwigs- Str. , Suburb of Au, Thal, and Stiglmaier -Platz; every half- hour through the Brienner- Str. and Karls- Str.Fare 10 pf.Post Office ( Pl . E, 4, 5) in the Max-Josephs- Platz ( p . 123). Telegraph Office ( Pl . C, 4) at the railway- station; also at the post-office, and at the Exchange (Maffei-Str.).Railway Stations. Central Station ( Pl. C , 4 ), principal station for all the lines (new building, still unfinished ). – South Station ( formerly Thal kirchen, p . 161) and East Station (formerly Haidhausen , p . 161) , both on the Rosenheim and Braunau line .Porters. For an errand within the city with 30 lbs . of luggage 20 pf.,to the suburbs 30 pf.; with 100 lbs . of luggage , 50 and 80 pf.; to or from the station 20 pf. Messages, etc. , by time, according to tariff.Theatres. Hof- und Nationaltheater (Pl . F , 4; p . 119) , where operas are generally performed on Sundays, Mondays, Thursdays, and Fridays ( closed in July): parquet ( i.e. reserved seats in the pit) 21/2-5 m. , first row of dress circle 31/2-6, 2nd row 21/25 , parquet standing- place 2-4 m. , pit 1 m.40 pf. Performances begin at 6.30 or 7p.m. Tickets sold during the day,9-12 o'clock; entrance in the Maximilians -Str.; booking-fee 30pf. - Residenz Theater (Pl. F , 4; p . 120 ) , where plays are performed on Sundays, Tuesdays,and Saturdays: parquet 2 m. 50, first row of dress circle 31/2 m. , boxes 3 m. ,upper boxes 1 m. 70 pf. Performances begin at 6.30 or 7 p.m. GärtnerPlatz Theatre (Pl. E , 7; p . 156), for comedies , operettas, and ballet; re served seats 1 m . 50 pf., boxes 2 m . 80 , upper boxes 1 m. 50 pf.Military Parade daily at the guard -house at 12 ( Pl. G , 5; P. 153) andon Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays in front of the Feldherrnhalle ( p. 121 )at the same hour , with music. . In summer a military band also plays every Wednesday evening, 5-6 , in the Hofgarten, and on Saturday evenings near the Chinese tower in the English Garden at the same hour ( p . 156 ).English Church Service in the Odeon (p . 121) at 11 a.m. and 3.30 p.m. ( in winter 3 p.m.) . Chaplain , Rev. C. D. Blomefield , B. A. , Türken - Str. 32.English Chargé d'Affaires: Mr. H. G. Macdonnell. American Consul:Mr. J. W. Harper .Collections, etc. Academy of Science (p . 154 ), palæontological, mineralogical, and zoologi cal collections, in summer, Sun. 10-12, Wed. and Sat. 2-4; strangers admitted daily, 10-11 , on application .. Anatomical and Pathological Collections (p. 155 ), daily, 10-12 and 2-4 , on application to the custodian (fee ) .Antiquarium (smaller antiquities, in the New Pinakothek , p. 147), in sum mer on Tues. and Sat., 8-12, in winter on Tues. , 10-12.Aquarium (p . 155) , daily, 5-7, adm . 1 m.Arsenal and Military Museum (p. 151 ) , Sun., Tues. , Thurs., 9-11 ,Collections . MUNICH. 27. Route . 115Art Exhibition at the Exhibition building ( p . 149) daily from April to Oct. ,9-5 , adm. 40 pf. Other exhibitions: * Wimmer & Co. , Brienner -Str. 3;Fleischmann , Maximilians-Str . 2; Van Gelder , Karolinen- Platz 1; Meil linger, Karls- Str. 10. Art Union or Kunstverein ( p. 121 ) daily ( except Sat. ) , 10-6 . Strangers areadmitted gratis once on application to the secretary ( first floor) , or if introduced by a member (ticket for four weeks 2 m. ) .

• Bavaria and Ruhmeshalle (p . 156 ), daily, fee 40 pf.

Botanical Garden ( p . 152) , Karls-Str., 6-6 , closed on Saturdays and Sundays;palm -house and green -houses, Sun. & Thurs., 2-5 . Bronze Foundry ( p. 151 ) , daily 1-6, Sun. 12-2, adm . 40 pf.Cabinet of Coins ( at the Academy, p . 154 ), by special permission.Cabinet of Drawings (Old Pinakothek , p . 143 ), Tues., Frid., 9-1 .Cabinet of Engravings (Old Pinakothek , p . 143) , in summer, Mon. & Thurs.9-12, Tues. & Frid . 9-1; in winter, Tues. & Frid. 9-11 .Cabinet of Natural History (p . 154) , see Academy of Science.Cabinet of Vases (p. 143), in the old Pinakothek, Sun., Tues. , Thurs., 9-1 .

• Collection of Fossils (p .154 ), see Academy of Science.
• Festsaalbau, see Palace.
• Glyptothek ( p. 147) , Mon. and Frid. 8-12 and 2-4 , Wed. 8-12 (in winter Mon. ,

Wed. , and Frid. , 10-1 ).

• Hof- Theater (p . 119), arrangements of the interior, Mon., Wed., Sat. at 2

p.m , precisely, on application to the porter; fée 50 pf.Kaulbach Museum (p. 123 ), daily , 1-5 .Kunstgewerbeverein (p. 154), Pfandhaus- Str. 7 , exhibition of art- industrial objects, daily 8-6 , free.Kunstverein, see Art Union. * Library (p . 122) , daily (except Sun.) 9-1 (from 15th Aug. to 30th Sept. 10-12); fee 1/2-1 m.Maillinger Collection (p. 155) , Sun. & Thurs., 10-2.Maximilianeum (collection of modern historical paintings , p. 126 ), in sum mer , Wed. and Sat. 10-12 (open to strangers on other days and in winter by the special permission of the Director).Military Museum , see Arsenal.Museum , Ethnographical (p. 120 ), Wed. and Sat. , 9-1 .

• Museum , Bavarian National ( p . 124 ), May to Sept. 9-2, Oct. to April 10-2,

closed on Mon.; adm. gratis on Sun. and Thurs.; on other days 1 m.Museum of Plaster Casts (p. 120 ), Wed. and Sat. , 3-5 , in winter 2-4.Museum of the Smaller Objects of Art, or Antiquarium , see above .

• Nibelungen Rooms (p . 119), in the Palace, see below .

Observatory ( p. 157), on application to the director. * Palace ( p. 117): * Festsaalbau ( p . 118) and * Nibelungen Saloons (p. 119) daily at 11 a.m., except Sun.; fee 1/ 2-1 m . for the former, 50 pf. for the latter. The Odyssey Saloons are at present closed . The * Treasury( p . 118, Tues. and Frid ., 9.30 to 11 a.m.) and the Reiche- Capelle ( p. 118;Mon. & Thurs., 9.30 to 11 a.m.) are shown by tickets , of which alimited number are issued at the office of the major-domo of the palace (Treasury 50 pf., Chapel free).

• Picture Gallery, v. Schack's ( p. 150) , daily 2-5 ( fee 1/2-1 m. ) .
• Pinakothek, old (p. 128 ), daily (except Sat.) 9-3 (in winter 9-2).
• Pinakothek , New (p. 144 ), Sun. , Tues., Thurs. , Sat. , 8-12 and 2-4 ( in winter 10-2); porcelain -paintings 9-1 .
• Porcelain Paintings (New Pinakothek , p . 144 ), see above.

Rathhaus, New ( p. 152) , visitors usually admitted to the council- rooms between 12 and 3, on application to the castellan (fee) .Reiche Capelle ( p . 118) , in the Palace (see above).

• Schwanthaler Museum ( p . 154) , Mon. , Wed., Frid . , 9-2; daily by payment of a fee (35 pf.) at any hour. Slaughter Houses and Cattle Market ( p . 155) , week- days 7-5, Sun. 10-2;

tickets of admission at the restaurant ( 20 pf. ) .Stables, Royal ( Pl. F, 4) , daily, 2-4, by special permission only; fee 50 pf.

• Treasury ( p . 118) , in the Festsaalbau, see Palace.

8 *116 Route 27 .MUNICH History. .!Diary. Daily: Old Pinakothek 9-3 , exc. Sat.; Library 9-1, exc. Sun .; Pictures of the Kunstverein 10-6 , exc. Sat.; Bronze Foundry 1-6 , Sun. 12-2;Palace at 11, exc. Sun. , National Museum , May to Sept. 9-2, Oct. to Apr. 10-2, exc. Mon.; New Rathhaus 12-3; Schack's Gallery 2-5; Anatomical col lections 10-12 and 2-4; Aquarium 9-7; Botanical Garden 6-6, exc. Sunday.- Churches. Frauen , Theatine , Basilica , and Auer open the whole day;Allerheiligen , Ludwigs, and St. Michael's till noon only (afternoon by pay ment of a fee ) . Military music, see p. 114.SUNDAYS: Classical music at the Court Church of St. Michael (by Pa lestrina, Orlando di Lasso, Pergolese , etc.) at high mass ,9 a.m .; on the Sundays of Advent and Lent, and during Passion Week, vocal compositions only; on Holy Thursday and Good Friday at 7 p.m. a grand Miserere (by Allegri, etc.) , when the church is illuminated by a cross composed of 800 flames; military mass with military music in the same church at 10.30 .— Church -music in the Frauenkirche at 9, in the Allerheiligenkirche at 11.30 . Military parade with music at 12. New Pinakothek 8-12, 2-4; porcelain paintings 9-1. Cabinet of Vases 9-1 . Ethnographical Museum 9-1 . Cabinet of Natural History and Collection of Fossils 10-12. Maillinger Collection 10-2. Arsenal 9-11 . MONDAYS: Glyptothek 8-12 and 2-4. Reiche Capelle 9.30 to 11 . Cabinet of Engravings 9-12. Schwanthaler Museum 9-2 (see above). Hof-Theater (interior) 2. – Tuesdays: Treasury 9.30 to 11. New Pinakothek 8-12, 2-4; porcelain - paintings 9-1. Cabinets of Drawings and Engravings 9-1 . " Cabinet of Vases9-1. Antiquarium 8-12. Arsenal 9-11. WedNESDAYS: Glyptothek 8-12 . Maximilianeum 10-12. Museum of Plaster Casts 3-5 . Cabinet of natural history and fossils 2-4 . Hof-Theater ( interior)2. Schwanthaler Museum 9-2. Ethnograph. Museum 9-1. Military music in the Hofgarten 5-6. THURSDAYS: New Pinakothek 8-12, 2-4; porcelain paintings 9-1. Cabinet of Engravings 9-1. Reiche Capelle 9.30 to 11. Mail linger Collection 10-2 . Arsenal 9-11. FRIDAYS: Treasury 91/2-11. Glypto thek 8-12 , 2-4. Cabinets of Drawings and Engravings 9-1. Schwanthaler Museum 9-2. – SATURDAYS: Old Pinakothek closed . New Pinakothek 8-12, 2-4; porcelain - paintings 9-1 . Maximilianeum 10-12. Museum of Plaster Casts 3-5. Cabinet of natural history and fossils 2-4. Antiquarium 8-12.Hof- Theater ( interior) 2. Military music , at the Chinese Tower in the Engl .Garden 5-6 . A * Drive ( fiacres see above) in the English Garden (p. 156 )is recommended after a morning of sight-seeing. PrincipAL Sights: * Old Pinakothek ( p . 128 ), *National Museum ( p . 122),

• Basilica ( p. 151), "Palace ( p . 117) , * Von Schack's Picture Gallery ( p. 150 ),
• Glyptothek ( p. 147). Munich ( 1703 ft.), the capital of Bavaria , with 230,000 inhab .

(24,000 Prot., 12,000 soldiers), is situated on the rapid Isar, on the S. side of a sterile plain , 50 sq . M. in area . The lofty situation of the city and its proximity to the Alps render it liable to sudden changes of temperature , against which visitors should be on theirguard , especially towards evening.History . Munich was founded by Henry the Lion, who constructed abridge over the Isar, a custom - house, a mint, and a salt-depôt on the site of the present city in 1158. The land is said to have belonged to the monks of Schäftlarn , whence the name of Forum ad Monachos, or Munich. Underthe Wittelsbach princes the town prospered. Otho the Illustrious (d. 1253)transferred his residence to Munich , and his son Lewis the Severe built the Alte Hof (p . 124) . Emp. Lewis the Bavarian almost entirely re-erected the city, which was loyally attached to him , after a fire in 1327 (his tomb in the Frauenkirche , see p. 153) . Duke Albert V. founded the Library .and the Kunstkammer, to which the Antiquarium , cabinet of coins, and part of the National Museum owe their origin . Elector Maximilian I. ( 1597 -1651 ) erected the Arsenal , the Old Palace, and the Mariensäule (p . 152).In 1632 Gustavus Adolphus paid a lengthened visit to the city. Elector Maximilian III. Joseph founded the Academy in 1757 , and his successor Charles Theodore of the Palatinate removed the old fortifications. King Maximilian I. Joseph ( d . 1825) contributed materially to the improvement>Alte Residenz. MUNICH, 27. Route. 117>of the city by the dissolution of the religious houses and the erection of new buildings, but for its modern magnificence Munich is chiefly indebted to his son Lewis I. ( d. 1868 ). That monarch , who even before his accession had purchased several valuable works of art ( e.g. the Æginetes, the so - called Ilioneus) and attracted Cornelius and other artists to Munich, raised the city during his reign of 23 years to the foremost rank as a school of Ger man art. Klenze (d. 1864 ) was chiefly instrumental in carrying out the architectural plans of the monarch , and he was ably seconded by Gärtner,Ohlmüller , and Ziebland . The indefatigable Schwanthaler (d. 1848 ) provided the plastic embellishment, and Cornelius (d. 1867) and his pupils enlivened the walls with paintings of a monumental character. The harmony of this period, however, was soon disturbed by a difference between Corne lius and Klenze, and when the king showed that his sympathies were with the latter, Cornelius removed to Berlin . As Kaulbach (d. 1874) also for the last ten years of his life worked chiefly at Berlin, and Schwind ( d . 1874) at the Wartburg, the glory of Munich as an art- centre began gradually to pale. The decline, however , was but transient; for while Munich has lately produced nothing of the first rank in architecture or sculpture, it has maintained its position as a leading school of paint ing, though under completely altered circ*mstances. The elder Munich artists were distinguished for their accuracy of drawing and composition ,and plumed themselves on having revived the romantic style of art; the latest generation , on the contrary , has fixed its attention chiefly on the study of colouring, and bestows the utmost care upon technical perfection of finish . The school of Karl Piloty (b. 1826) is at present the mostimportant in Germany, and probably the most frequented in Europe.Numerous artists from the E. of Europe in particular have received their artistic education here , and spread the fame of Munich far and wide. Among the best - known painters of the school at present are De fregger (a Tyrolese) , Kaulbach the younger, Ed . Grützner , Ludwig von Hagn , Lenbach, W. Leibl , F. Lindenschmitt, Gabriel Max, W. Dietz , F. Adam ,and F. Voltz .Since the beginning of the present century, in consequence of the erection of entirely new quarters and suburbs , the population of the city has been quadrupled. In treasures of art Munich is one of the richest cities in Germany. Living is cheaper here than in any other European capital .The Max- JOSEPHS - PLATZ (Pl . E, 4), the centre of the traffic of the city, and situated near the line which divides the old quarters from the new, is adorned with the * Monument of King Max Joseph (d . 1825 ), erected by the city on the 25th anniversary of that monarch's accession, modelled by the emir Rauch of Berlin , and cast in bronze by Stiglmayer. The colossal statue in a sitting posture rests on a pedestal adorned with reliefs emblematical ofa*griculture, Art, Constitution , and Religious Toleration .The N. side of the Max-Josephs-Platz is occupied by the royalPalace (Pl . E, F, 4 ), which consists of three parts: on the S. sidetowards the Platz the Königsbau , N. towards the Hofgarten the Festsaalbau , and between these the Alte Residenz , or old palace .The Alte Residenz , designed by Peter Candid , and erected by Elector Maximilian I. in 1600-1616 , comprises four courts ,the Kaiserhof , Küchenhof , Brunnenhof , and Capellenhof ( i . e .courts of the emperor, kitchen , fountain, and chapel) . The entrance is by the Capellenhof ( through the middle portal in the Residenz-Str. ) .The passage thence to the Brunnenhof contains ' Duke Christopher's118 Route 27 . MUNICH. Festsaalbau .Stone' (an inscription on the wall ) . A staircase to the left ascends to the Hercules Saloon , where intending visitors to the palace assemble at 11 o'clock (comp. p . 115) . To the right of the Capellenhof is the Grottenhof, with a fantastic shell -grotto; in the centre Perseus , after B. Cellini. From the S.E. corner a passage leads to a larger court,adorned with fountain - figures of Neptune , etc. , from which the Nibelungen Saloons are entered ( p . 119) . The octagonal Brunnenhof is embellished with a statue of Otho of Wittelsbach and other figures in bronze by Peter Candid . The Allerheiligenkirche ( p. 120) adjoinsthis court on the E.; to the S. a passage leads to the Hoftheater ( p . 119) .The apartments of the Alte Residenz are magnificently fitted up in the style of the 17th century. Visitors are conducted to the Kaiser zimmer; the Grüne Gallerie, containing Italian and Dutch pictures of little value; the Bed Chamber , containing a richly -gilded bed,valued at 800,000 fl.; the Mirror Cabinet , with a collection of valuable crystal , etc .; the Miniature Cabinet , with miniatures ,among them a St. Jerome by A. Dürer.The Treasury ( admission , see p . 115) contains jewels and precious trinkets , including the Bavarian Hausdiamant' , a magnificent blue dia mond , and the 'pearlof the Palatinate ', half black; goblets, orders, regalia,including the Bohemian crown of Frederick V. of the Palatinate , captured at Prague in 1620, and the crowns of Emp. Henry II. (“ the Saint') and his wife Cunigunde, of the year 1010; group of St. George and the Dragon,with the knight in chased gold , the dragon of jasper , and the wholeadorned with diamonds, rubies , emeralds, andpearls; model of Trajan's Column, executed by the goldsmith Valadier 1763-83.The Reiche Capelle (adm. , see p . 115) contains relics, objects in gold and silver, two miniature altars by Benv. Cellini (?) , the enamelled pocket altar of Mary Queen of Scots, about 6 in . in length , and a Descent from the Cross in wax by Michael Angelo .The * Festsaalbau ( façade towards the Hofgarten , 286 yds . long),a “ building of festive halls', erected in 1832-42 by Klenze in the later Italian Renaissance style , possesses a handsome porch of 10 Ionic columns, surmounted by two lions , between which are 8 alle gorical figures in marble - limestone by Schwanthaler , representing the different provinces of the kingdom . The six saloons of the ground - floor are decorated with encaustic *MURAL PAINTINGS FROM THB ODYSSEY, by Hiltensperger, from designs by Schwanthaler (at present closed).A broad marble staircase ascends to the first floor from the passage on the E. side of the Küchenhof. Visitors , however , are usually conducted from the Hercules Saloon to the antechambers by a long corridor.ANTE -CHAMBER: adjoining it , a staircase with six handsome columns of marble from the Untersberg; 2nd ante -chamber with reliefs by Schwantha ler; 3rd ante- chamber decorated in the Pompeian style by Hiltensperger.Magnificent BALL Room, tribunes supported by marble columns and bear ing Caryatides of papier-maché, coloured reliefs ( dancing genii) by Schwan thaler. Two CARD Rooms with thirty -six * Portraits of Beautiful Women by Stieler , whose names the custodian enumerates. - BATTLE SALOON: Twelve large pictures representing scenes from the wars in 1805-15 . * HALL OFHof- Theater MUNICH. 27. Route. 119CHARLEMAGNE: encaustic paintings (mural paintings on wax ground) de signed by Schnorr. Charlemagne anointed by Pope Stephen II . as Defender of the Church; his victory over the Lombard king Desiderius at Pavia;victory over the_Saxons , felling of the sacred oak and erection of the cross; synod at Frankfurt; coronation; also twelve smaller scenes from the emperor's life . Between the windows Alcuin , Arno, and Eginhard.

• BARBAROSSA HALL, by the same masters: election as emperor, entry into Milan, banishment of Henry the Lion , installation of Otho of Wittelsbach,

reconciliation with Pope Alex. III. at Venice ,imperial festival at Mayence,battle at Iconium , death. Reliefs above by Schwanthaler. — * HAPSBURG SA LOON, chiefly by Schnorr: Rudolph's meeting with the priest; his accept ance of the imperial sceptre; victory over Ottokar of Bohemia; Rhenish robber - knights summoned before his tribunal. Frieze by Schwind , re presenting the Triumph of the Arts, etc. – * THRONE SALOON . Twelvemagnificent gilded bronze statues, over life -size , by Schwanthaler , of the ancestors of the House of Wittelsbach , from Otho the Illustrious to Charles XII, of Sweden , here form a very imposing and appropriate ter mination to the suite .The upper floor of the corner-building adjoining the Odeons Platz contains the apartments of King Lewis II., adjacent to which is the Wintergarten (not shown to the public) over part of the Fest saalbau .The Königsbau ( façade towards the Max-Josephs-Platz , 154 yds . long), erected in 1826-33 by Klenze in imitation of the Pitti Palace at Florence , but of inferior effect owing to some necessary deviations from the original plan , is adorned in the interior with sculptures, frescoes, and other works of art (not accessible) ,The S.W. apartments on the ground - floor (entered from the Grottenhof, p . 118) are adorned with the magnificent * NIBELUNGEN FRESCOES by Schnorr, begun in 1846. The last room was painted by his pupils in 1867. In thelunettes, numerous smaller paintings .ENTRANCE HALL: the principal persons of the poem , right , Sigfried and Chriemhild; then Hagen, Volker, Dankwart; above, the dwarf Alberich ,keeper ofthe Nibelungentreasure, and Eckewart, Chriemhild's messengers left, Gunther and Brunhild; Queen Ute (Gunther's mother) with her sons Gernot and Giselher; Sigmund and Sigelinde, Sigfried's parents; next, King Etzel and Rudiger, Dietrich of Bern and Meister Hildebrand. MARRIAGEHALL: Sigfried's return from the war against the Saxons; Brunhild's arrival at Worms; Sigfried and Chriemhild's nuptials; opposite, by the window,the delivery ofthe girdle . HALL OF TREACHERY: (by the window ) quarrel of the queens Chriemhild and Brunhildin front of the cathedral at Worms.Sigfried murdered by Hagen at the well; Chriemhild finds Sigfried's corpse at the door of the cathedral: Hagen proved to be the murderer by the corpse beginning to bleed afresh . Over the door: Hagen throwing the Nibelungen treasure into the Rhine. HALL OF REVENGE: Fall of the heroes (by the window); Chriemhild expostulates with Volker and Hagen;combat on the staircase of the burning palace; Dietrich conquers Hagen;Chriemhild's death. Over the doors: the last combat of the heroes; Hagen brought before Chriemhild by Dietrich; Etzel's lament. HALL OF MOURNING:Burial of the fallen heroes; the sad tidings conveyed to Burgundy; Bishop Pilgram causes mass to be sung for the repose of the dead .At the E. end of the Königsbau , on the second floor of the palace, is the old Winter Garden (adm . see p. 116).The Hof- und -National- Theater ( Pl. F, 4 ), on the E. side ofthe Max - Josephs- Platz ( performances, see p. 114) , the largest in Ger many , accommodating 2200 spectators, was originally erected by7120 Route 27 . MUNICH. Hofgarten .2>Fischer (d . 1822 ), but was burned down in 1823 and re - erected in its original form by Klenze within eleven months. It is 145 ft.high, 190 ft. broad, and 225 ft. deep; the stage measures 95 ft. in breadth by 115 ft. in depth. The pediment of the Corinthian co lonnade is adorned with frescoes designed by Schwanthaler (in the upper, Pegasus and the Horæ; in the lower, Apollo. and the Mu ses ) . The arrangements of the interior merit inspection (adm . see p . 115). Visitors are conducted through the building, and to the roof ( fine survey of the town and environs) and sunk story in about 11/2 hr. Between the Hof- Theater and the Allerheiligen kirche is situated the RESIDENZ- THBATER (Pl . 95 ), tastefully de corated in the rococo style (room for 800 spectators) . The * Allerheiligen-Hofkirche (All Saints' Church ), or Court Chapel (Pl . 41; adm. see p . 116; entrance on the E. side of the Palace , next door to the Residenz-Theater) , erected in 1837 by Klenze in the Byzantine style , with Romanesque façade, is a per fect gem of taste and magnificence . The arches rest on columnsof variegated marble , the walls are covered with different colouredmarbles; and the vaulting , window-arches , and choir are adornedwith frescoes on a gold ground by Hess and his pupils , emblematical of the Trinity. The concealment of the windows causes the light to enter in a very effective manner. During divine service thechapel can only be entered from the Brunnenhof ( p. 118) .Adjoining the Festsaalbau on the N. is the Hofgarten (Pl . E, F, 3, 4), or palace-garden, planted with trees, and bounded on two sides by open Arcades, which are adorned with faded frescoes of landscapes and historical subjects, painted in 1827-34 . Opposite the middle of the W. side is a fountain with a nymph in bronze by Schwanthaler. By the entrances next to the Palace are three fres coes by Kaulbach, representing Bavarian rivers (Danube and Rhine,Main and Isar) and Bavaria . The historical frescoes on the W. side represent events from the history of Bavaria , and were executed by pupils of Cornelius; beyond them are masterly landscapes from Italy and Sicily by Karl Rottmann (d . 1850). Each scene has its name annexed. The distichs over the pictures are by King Lewis I. On the N. side , at the top, are thirty - nine small encaustic paint ings from the Greek War of Independence , from sketches by P. Hess ( p . 146 ). In the niches on the N. side , on the right of the egress towards the English Garden , are the achievements of Hercules in colossal wooden groups , executed by R. Boos in the 17th cent. , restored in 1852.The ground-floor of the N. wing contains the Museum of Plaster Casts of classic sculptures (adm. , see p . 115) , an extensive and scientifically - arranged collection , affording a survey of the devel opment of the plastic art from the 6th cent. before Christ down to the present day (Conservator, Prof. Brunn). Catalogue 30 pf.The Ethnographical Museum occupies seven rooms on the upper>>Feldherrnhalle . MUNICH. 27. Route. 121.floor, to the left of the outlet towards the English Garden ( adm .see p . 115) .In the centre of the W. saloon are preserved the most ancient relics of pre-historic times; flint- tools from the diluvial strataof Picardy and the caverns of the Dordogne; tools of the later flint period from Denmark and the Swiss lake-dwellings; bronzes from the latter , and from the lake villages of the Starnberger See. Then weapons and implements from the polar regions, the South Sea Islands, etc. , some of them brought over by Captain Cook' and other celebrated navigators; also products of the most civilised Asiatic nations.Adjoining the N. side of the Arcades , and beyond the entrance to the English Garden, is the entrance to the Art Union, or Kunst verein (Pl . F, 3: adm. , see p . 115), the oldest and largest in Ger many (estab . 1823) , containing paintings and sculptures by living artists, some of them the property of the society, others for sale .The row of shops opposite the Odeons-Platz , in a line with the W. Arcades , is termed the Bazaar.The * Ludwigs- Strasse (Pl. F, E , 4-1), entirely originated by King Lewis I. , 50 yds . in width, and 3/4 M. in length , begins at the Feldherrnhalle on the S. , and terminates with the Siegesthor (p . 123)on the N. Most of the buildings in this handsome street are in vari ous forms of the Renaissance style , constructed , like the Basilica ,of brick and stone skilfully combined.The Feldherrn alle (Pl . E, 4 ), or Hall of the Generals, a copy ofOrcagna's Loggia dei Lanzi at Florence, erected in 1844 by Gärtner,at present contains the statues of Tilly and Wrede only , both by Schwanthaler. Military music here daily at noon (p . 114 ).The Church of the Theatines (Pl. E, 4), erected 1661-75 in the debased Italian style , overladen with decoration , contains the Royal Vaults, in which Emp. Charles VII . also reposes . The façade dates from 1767. Pictures in the interior by Tintoretto , Zanchi, Carl Loth,Cignani, and others. To the right is the mortuary chapel of King Maximilian II. (d . 1864) . The monument of Princess Josephine (d . 1821) in the right transept was executed by Eberhardt. To the left in the sacristy is an Entombment by Hess .Opposite the Bazaar is the Odeon (Pl . E, 3), erected in 1828 by Klenze, and destined for concerts and balls; one of the apartmentsis fitted up as an English Chapel (see p . 114 ). The ceiling of the concert - room is decorated with frescoes by Kaulbach and others , the orchestra with busts of celebrated composers ( partly concealed by the organ). In front of the Odeon rises the equestrian Statue of LewisI. ( Pl. 15), by Widnmann , erected by the ' grateful city of Munich' in 1862.Farther on in the Ludwigs-Strasse, on the left, stands the Palace of Prince Luitpold , formerly that of the Duke of Leuchtenberg (Pl . E, 3) , erected byKlenze. Then ( left ) the Palace of Duke Max ( Pl. E,3), by Klenze, with frescoes by Langer, Kaulbach, and Zimmermann,and a marble frieze representing the myth of Bacchus, by Schwan thaler; right, the War Office ( Pl. F, 2, 3), also by Klenze.122 Route 27 . MUNICH Library. ,The * RoyalLibrary ( Pl. F, 2; adm. see p .. 115), built in 1832-42 by Gärtner in the Florentine style , the steps adorned with colossal statues of Aristotle , Hippocrates, Homer, and Thucydides, is mag nificently and appropriately fitted up . Imposing * Staircase; above,on each side , is a gallery, borne by 16 marble columns; on the walls are medallion- portraits of celebrated poets and scholars . At the en trance to the library are statues of Albert V. , the founder, and Lewis I. , the builder of the library , both by Schwanthaler. The li brary, one of the most extensive in Europe, comprises upwards of 1,000,000 vols, and 25,000 MSS. , and is especially valuable for its theological and biblical literature and German MSS. The most in teresting rarities are exhibited in glass-cases in a separate saloon ( Cimeliensaal).First CASE: brazen tabulae honestae inissionis , or certificates of hon ourable discharge of Roman soldiers; No. 2. Codex Purpureus , a Latin Book of the Gospels of the 9th cent . , written on purple vellum with gold and silver letters. – SECOND: 12. Breviarium Alarici, an extract from the Codeof Theodosius the Great, made in Spain by order of Alaric, king of the Visigoths, 484-506 . THIRD: Earliest German MSS. 20. Liber de inventione S. Crucis, written before 814, from the monastery of Wessobrunn in Upper Bavaria; 24. Otfried of Weissenburg's Gospel in verse, written at Freising, 833-906; 26. Oldest (13th cent.) MS. of the Nibelungen Lied,from the monastery of Hohenembs near Bregenz; 27. Tristan and Isolde,poem by Godfrey of Strassburg, MS. of 1240, with paintings; 28. Parcival and Titurel, by Wolfram von Eschenbach , with paintings. FOURTH: 34 .Koran on parchment with gold letters; 35. Miniature Koran, the smallest MS. in the collection; 36. Shah Nameh, Persian epic by Firdusi. A drawer contains the tournament-book of Duke William IV . of Bavaria , painted in 1541-44 . FIFTH: * 38 . ' Livre de Jehan Bocace des cas des nobles hommeset femmes', translation made in 1409 for Prince John of France , with ad mirable miniatures by Fouqué. Sixth: 40. Prayer- book of Emp: Lewisthe Bavarian; 41. Latin prayer-book with miniatures by Memling; 42. Latin prayer-book with illustrations, executed by Sinibaldi of Florence in 1485; all three richly bound and decorated with silver, pearls, and enamel; 46. Jewelsof Anne of Austria , consort of Duke Albert V. of Bavaria, the miniature paintings by Hans Müelich; 47 Calendarium of the 16th cent. by Brueg hel (?); 8. Prayer - book of Duke Albert V. of Bavaria by Clovio ( 1574 );50. Albert Dürer's prayer -book , with marginal drawings by himself and Cra nach . Sixth , a .: Two folios of the penitential psalms of David set tomusic by Orlando di Lasso , and illuminated with admirable miniatures by Hans Müelich . - SEVENTH: * 55. Codex Aureus, written in gold letters in870 by order of Emp. Charles the Bald; the cover consists of a plate of embossed gold , with jewels and pearls . Eighth: * 56-60 . Four Booksof Gospels and a missal of Emp. Henry II. ( 1024 ), presented to the cathe dral of Bamberg . Ninth and TENTH: Specimens of the first attempts at printing.The Bavarian National Archives, stored in the fire- proof chambers on the ground -floor of the Library, include an interesting collection of medals and of impressions of the seals of German emperors , princes, and noblemen (shown on application ).The * Ludwigskirche ( Pl . F, 2) , erected in 1829 - 42 in the Italian Romanesque style by Gärtner, is a handsome cruciform struc ture . Façade flanked with two towers 234 ft . in height. Mosaic roof of variegated tiles . Above the portal Christ and the four Evan gelists , statues by Schwanthaler. The entire wall at the back of the high- altar is covered with the *Last Judgment, the largest fresco ofSiegesthor. MUNICH. 27. Route, 123the artist Cornelius, 66 ft. high , 40 ft . broad; the light in the church , however, is so subdued that the picture is only seen to ad vantage about noon on bright days . The other frescoes were designed by Cornelius , and executed by his pupils: on the vaulting of the principal choir, God the Father as Creator of the world; right side of choir, the Adoration of the Magi; left side , the Crucifixion ,On the keystone of the vaulting at the centre of the cross, the Dove as an emblem of the Holy Ghost; in the sections around are patriarchs,prophets, and martyrs. The low aisles are divided into three chapels on each side . In the adjacent grounds (entrance by the gate on the left ) are frescoes by Fortner at the different shrines .Opposite the church is the Blind Asylum (Pl . F, 2), erected by Gärtner in 1835 in the Florentine style . The portals are embel lished with statues of SS . Rupert , Benno; Ottilia, and Lucia, the patron -saints of the blind . The institution , which is admirably managed, accommodates about 100 pupils . The University (Pl . F, 1 ) on the left , the Priests' Seminary,or Georgianum , opposite to it , and the Max - Joseph School, erected by Gärtner, form a large square, intersected by the Ludwigs- Strasse,and adorned with two Fountains copied from those by Bernini in the piazza of St. Peter at Rome, and with pleasure-grounds . The uni versity (1300 stud .), founded in 1472 at Ingolstadt (p . 107), was transferred to Landshut (p . 109) in 1800 , and thence to Munich in 1826. The University Library, on the second floor, contains up wards of 300,000 vols. (open daily, 9-12 ).The * Siegesthor (Pl . F, 1), or Gate of Victory, erected by Lewis I. " to the Bavarian army', begun by Gärtner in 1843 , and completed by Metzger in 1850, is an imitation of the triumphal arch of Constan tine at Rome, and is surmounted by ‘ Bavaria' in a quadriga drawn by lions, a group in bronze designed by Wagner ( comp. p . 144) .Over the Corinthian columns at the sides are figures of Victory; on the walls basreliefs, representing warlike exploits (below) and the different provinces of the kingdom (above) . This fine structureforms an appropriate termination to the handsome Ludwigs- Strasse .Beyond the Siegesthor, to the left, is the imposing new * Acad emy of Art, built in the Italian Renaissance style from designs by Neureuther.In the vicinity, at No. 12 Garten-Str. , is the Kaulbach Museum (Pl . F, 2 ), a selection of the pictures and sketches left by the painter W. von Kaulbach (d . 1874). The works , most of which are for sale, are exhibited in a large room lighted from the roof. Ad mission, see p. 115 .On the S. side of the Max-Josephs-Platz is the Post Office ( Pl .E, 4, 5 ). The façade towards the Platz was constructed by Klenze in 1836. The open arcade supported by columns contains six paint ings of horses on a red ground in the Pompeian style , by Hiltensperger.124 Route 27 . MUNICH. National Museum.>The original facade of the building towards the Residenz-Str . is in the Italian palatial style ( 1740) . — To the right a short street leads to the Alte Hof, the oldest palace of the Dukes of Bavaria , erectedin 1253, and now occupied by public offices. A passage to the left in front of it leads to the Hofbräuhaus, or ‘ Court Brewery' (Pl . F , 5 ).The broad * Maximilians- Strasse (Pl. F, G, H, 5), nearly 3/4 M. in length , beginning at the Max-Josephs-Platz , and extending E. across the Maximilians-Brücke to the suburb of Haidhausen, was erected by desire of King Max in an entirely novel style of do mestic architecture . First , on the right , is the Mint (Pl . 68), with arcades embellished with statues. About 400 paces farther on, the street expands into a long Platz , laid out in pleasure -grounds; on the left the Government Buildings (Pl . G, 5), on the right the National Museum (see below). In the centre rise four monuments: to the left a Statue of General Deroy (Pl . 19), who was killed at Polozk in 1812, designed by Halbig, and erected in 1856; adjoining it, that of Count Rumford (d . 1814) , founder of the English Garden , by Zum busch . Opposite is the Statue of Schelling,the philosopher (d . 1854),designed by Halbig , and erected in 1861 by his 'grateful pupil Maximilian II . , King of Bavaria’; beside which rises that of Fraun hofer the celebrated optician (d . 1826 ), by Halbig. The * Bavarian NationalMuseum (Pl . F, G, 5; adm . see p . 115) ,founded by King Max II . in 1855, contains an extremely rich col lection of objects illustrative of the progress of civilisation and art .The building was erected in 1858-66 from the design of Riedel . The central portion , 105 ft. in height, is surmounted by a ‘ Bavaria’ with the lion , in zinc . The facade is richly adorned with caryatides , sta tues , reliefs, and other enrichments .The Bavarian National Museum contains objects of art of every kind,dating from the Roman period down to the present day, and representing every civilised country, special prominence being assigned to Bavaria .The plans suspended at the entrance afford a general outline of the arrange ment of the museum . The collections are divided into two principal sections: 1. General Chronological Collection of the products of human in dustry from the early centuries of the Christian era to the present day;2. Special Collections, illustrating special branches of art or industry, and too extensive to be embraced in the General Collection. The General Col lection begins to the right on the ground - floor, and is continued on the second floor; the Special Collections occupy the left side of the ground floor and the thirty rooms on the first floor. The apartments of the first floor are also embellished with large Mural Paintings, illustrating the history of Bavaria. At the back of the building is a GARDEN , which contains aseries of monuments extending from the Roman period to the 18th cent.( the most remarkable is the *Group of Mars and Venus in bronze , by Hubert Gerhard, 1580 ) . The Museum farther includes an extensive Library of Technical Works and a copying-room , the use of which is granted to artists and students on application. The larger groups and other objects of greatest importance in the various sections are provided with in scriptions .GROUND FLOOR. The rooms to the left of the entrance contain thefollowing, SPECIAL COLLECTIONS ( see above ): 1. Tin and pewter wares .2. Smith's work and iron ornaments from 1400 to the present day.3. Reproductions ( casts and photographs) of works owned by the Museum,National Museum . MUNICH 27. Route, 125to be used for artistic and industrial purposes ( in two rooms); also casts of various plastic works not in the possession of the Museum , from the time of the Romans to the present day, including the bronze doors of Augsburg , Crucifixion with the Virgin and St. John from Wechselburg (in Saxony) , the monument ofCount von Ebersberg (1496) , etc. Lastly, in one large room, specimens of wood-carving from the 15th to the 19th century.To the right of the entrance is the department of * MEDIÆVAL ART,the objects in which range from the early Christian epoch to the begin ning of the 16th century. They consist of architectural fragments, statues,monuments with reliefs, mural paintings , easel- paintings, stained glass;articles of church - furniture, such as altars , choir -stalls, priedieu's, and pro cession -poles , and also smaller ecclesiastical objects, such as chalices , cru cifixes, monstrances , reliquaries, censers , candelabra , reading-desks, and ritual- books with choice miniatures. Among the most noteworthy objects are the following: Room Group of ivory carvings, including a small tablet of the 5th cent. with reliefs of the Holy Sepulchre and the Ascension;jewel-casket of the Carlovingian period , from Bamberg; enamel - work on metal, of the 11th and 12th centuries; mural paintings from the monastery of Rebdorf (13th cent.); stained glass from Seligenthal ( 1250); figures of the Apostles in stone from Wessobrunn, of the same period. Room II.Memorial stones with reliefs of the Emp. Lewis the Bavarian; small reli quary -altar, with paintings in tempera . Room III. Winged altar from Pähl near Weilheim (1380-1420 ); altar of the 15th cent. , of the richest Gothic construction and tapering towards the top. Room IV . Large triple altar from the old Franciscan church at Bamberg (1429); chart on parchment by Battista Becharius of Genoa (1426 ); stained glass from the Cathedral of Ratisbon. Room V. Ceiling and panelling from the oldWeavers' Hall at Augsburg (1457); figures of the twelve Apostles in wood from Lübeck. Room VI. Large piece of Flemish tapestry, representing the Nativity and Adoration of the Child in a landscape ( 1470-1500); ori ginal model for a monument to Lewis with the Beard of Bavaria ( 1429 ).Room VII. Rich Gothic ceiling in linden- wood from a saloon in the castle of Oberhaus near Passau; handsome carved cabinets; bedsteads;works in mother-of-pearl; the celebrated parchment prayer-books with paintings by Hans Memling. Room VIII. (in seven sections ). Wooden statuettes of the twelve Apostles, by Tilmann Riemenschneider; Death of the Virgin , a group carved in wood, from Ingolstadt ( 1490-1500 ); two pro cession -poles of the Fishermen's Guild of Ingolstadt; altar with gilded carving and paintings, by Michael Pacher ofBruneck; altar with paintings by Hans Olmendorf (1489 ). Room IX. Winged altar carved in oak, from Calcar (1470-1500 ); tapestry worked in gold thread with allegorical re presentations, a production of the lowerRhenish district (15th cent.).Opposite the entrance is an apartment containing Instruments of Torture,Penance, and Punishment of the middle ages and modern times .The staircase, adorned with weapons and reliefs, ascends hence to the FIRST FLOOR , which contains the HISTORICAL FRESCOES and the remainder of the SPECIAL COLLECTIONS (see above). To the right is the Collection of Costumes , Weapons , and Ornaments of different periods , chronologically arranged: articles found in tombs of the Teutonic and Roman periods;golden shield- boss from Schifferstadt in the Palatinate (9th or 10th cent. );Dalmatica of Emp. Henry the Saint (d. 1024 ); Mitre from the monastery of Seligenthal; painted shields and targes; armour of Count von Preysing and Baron von Freiberg from Hohenaschau; German helmets; the gilt armour of Diether von Raitenau, Bishop of Salzburg; ornamented swords and wheel-lock muskets belonging to Elector Max I. and others; Tilly's coat; wedding cloak of Duke Albert V .; costume and ornaments found in the graves of the Counts- Palatine of Neuburg; costumes of the patricians of Imperial German cities and their wives; collection of models of the cannon used in the Thirty Years' War; Oriental weapons , captured at Belgrade by Max Emanuel; relics of Frederick the Great; Napoleon's sword. Ornaments and garments of the Bavarian sovereigns , Max Jo seph I. , Lewis I. and his consort Theresa , and Max II., of Othó, King of Greece and his wife, and of Fieldmarshal Wrede. Collection of musical126 Route 27.MUNICH. Maximilianeum .instruments from the 14th to the 19th century . Specimens of Nuremberg bismuth - paintings and brazier's work. Original goldsmith's models from the 15th to the 19th century. Toys of the same period . Collection of old ship -models, including a model of one of the vessels fitted out against Algiers in 1541 by Charles V. The CENTRAL SALOON contains plans and models of Munich and other Bavarian towns. - The first room to the left of the entrance containsthe Textile Collection , consisting of lace , embroidery, and various mate rials for dress . Next to it is the Ceramic Collection , extending from the Roman period to the present time, and including specimens of all the chief manufactories of the world . The end of this wing is occupied by theGlass Collection , which also includes specimens from the Roman period down to our own day.The SECOND FLOOR contains works of art of the *RENAISSANCE AND MODERN TIMES . The staircase is embellished with a fine wooden ceiling from the château at Dachau, and tapestry from cartoons by Raphael. The various rooms are hung with tapestry executed after the works of different masters ( from Flanders , Germany, France), and contain ceilings from Dachau , Neuburg, Donauwörth, and the Royal Palace at Munich. Among the choicest contents are: Room 1. Finely ornamented drinking -cups and utensils of various kinds , carvings in ivory, small wood -carvings by Hagenauer. Room II. Cast of the monument of St. Sebald by Peter Vischer at Nuremberg, and an original bronze slab by Vischer . Bridal casket of the duch*ess Jacobaea of Bavaria . - Room III. Vessels in Limoges enamel by S. Raymond and P. Cortoy ( 1558-62 ). * Silver - gilt hammer, executed from the design of Michael Angelo for the use of Pope Julius III. at the opening of the great Jubilee Festival in 1550. Room IV . Altars of carvedwood , and embellished in various manners . Tables of Hispano-Moresco workmanship, - Room V. In the centre a boudoir of a Countess Fugger from the château at Donauwörth , preserved entire. Room VI. Artisticcabinets and ornaments. -- Room VII. Two cabinets in tortoise - shell and Florentine mosaic . Cabinets of ivory, silver,', enamel, and lapis lazuli.Vessels of rock crystal set in gold and enamel . Room IX . Mosaics andfurniture. Room XII. Gilded ceiling from the palace at Munich. Largesilver watches from Augsburg. Room XV. * Ivory carvings , including examples of Elhafen and Simon_Troger . "Cabinet for coins' by Anger meyer of Weilheim ( 1624) . Rooms XVI.- XVIII. Tapestry from the Munich manufactory. Room XIX . First attempts at a resuscitation of the art of staining glass. Relics of Max I. Joseph, Lewis I. , and Max II.At the end of the prolongation of the street stands the magni ficent * Monument of King Maximilian II. (d. 1864 ), erected by his ‘ faithful people’ in 1875. The colossal figure of the king in his coronation robes ( 161/2 ft. high) stands upon a granite pedestal , 26 ft . in height, rising in stages . In his right hand he holds the roll of the constitution , in his left a sword . At the base of the pedestal sit allegorical figures of Peace , Enlightenment,Strength (Power of Defence ), and Justice; at the upper angles are four figures of children bearing the Bavarian coat - of-arms and wreaths of laurel . The figures are all in gilded bronze , cast by Miller from models by Zumbusch. The whole design is admirably composed and carried out.The Maximilianeum (Pl . H, 5) , situated on the Gasteighöhe, on the right bank of the Isar, beyond the Maximiliansbrücke ( constructed by Zenetti in 1859-64) , forms a suitable termination to this hand some street. This institution was founded by King Max II . to give advanced instruction to students who have shown special aptitudefor the civil service, and was completed after his death with funds2Wittelsbach Palace. MUNICH. 27. Route. 1272bequeathed by him for the purpose . The architect was Bürklein .Admission, see p. 115.A broad circular approach ascends to the façade, which rises in two series of arches on a lofty terrace. The slightly curved central part of the structure, which is crowned with a Victory in bronze and adorned with frescoes ( now sadly damaged), is adjoined by open arcades on each side,flanked with corner towers. Above the lower row of arcades are twentytwo medallion -busts of celebrated men.A broad flight of granite steps ascends in the handsome staircase ,covered with a glass cupola, to the upper floor. Three rooms here contain thirty large oil paintings, ' illustrative of the most momentous events in the history of the world; adjoining these on the right and left are two saloons adorned with frescoes.ENTRANCE HALL: left, 1. Cabanel, The Fall of man; right, 2. Müller,Mahomet's entry into Mecca . Room to the left. Wall of the entrance:

• 3. Richter, Construction of the Pyramids. To the right: 4. Otto , Banquet at Susa; * 5 . Kaulbach , Battle of Salamis; 6. Foltz, Age of Pericles; 7. Hil tensperger, Olympian Games; 8. A. Müller , Alexander the Great at Susa;

9. Conräder , Fall of Carthage; 10. Schraudolph , Nativity; 11. Gunkel,Battle of Arminius; 12. Hiltensperger , Age of Augustus; 13. Hauschild,Crucifixion; 14. Deger , Ascension. Room to the right. Entrance- wall: 15. Köckert, Haroun al-Raschid . On the left: 16. F. Kaulbach , Charlemagne;17. Echter , Battle on the Lechfeld; 18. Schwoiser , Henry IV. at Canossa;19. Piloty, Godfrey de Bouillon; 20. Foltz , Frederick Barbarossa and Henry the Lion; 21. Ramberg, Emp. Frederick II. at Palermo; 22. Kreling, Lewis the Bavarian; 23. Schnorr , Luther; 24. Piloty , Queen Elizabeth of Eng land; 25. Piloty , Elector Maximilian I.; 26. Kotzebue , Peter the Great;27. Adam , Battle of Zorndorf; 28. Pauwels, Louis XIV.; 29. E. Hess,Washington; 30. P. Hess, Battle of Leipsic.The external ‘loggie ' and side -rooms contain busts and portraits of eminent philanthropists, inventors, generals, and statesmen .On both sides of the Maximilianeum are the * Gasteig Pro menades, laid out under King Max II , from the designs of Effner.They extend up the Isar as far as the stone bridges, and downwards to Bogenhausen (p . 156) . To the E. of the Maximilianeum lies the suburb of Haidhausen, with the new Church of St. John (p. 156) .7The handsome Brienner - Strasse, beginning opposite the entrance to the Hof -Garten , leads straight from the Odeons- Platz towards the W. to the Obelisk , the Propylæa , and the Glyptothek .The Wittelsbacher Platz on the W. side of the Odeon (p.121 ) isadorned with the equestrian * Statue of Elector Maximilian I. (Pl . E, 3), the founder and chief (d . 1651) of the Roman Catholic League, and conqueror at the Weisse Berg near Prague, designed by Thorvaldsen in 1839 , and cast by Stiglmayer with the metal of captured Turkish cannon .At the E. end of the Maximilians- Platz (p. 154) is a Statue of Schiller (Pl . E, 3) by Widnmann, erected in 1863. To the right, far ther on , is the Wittelsbach Palace (Pl . E, 3 ), in the mediæval English pointed style , begun by Gärtner in 1843 , and completed by Klumpp in 1850. This was the residence of Lewis I. from his abdication downto his death ( 1868 ). Visitors are admitted on application to the castellan (to the right in the court) . The court and the staircase are worthy of inspection .128 Route 27 . MUNICH . Old Pinakothek .7។In the centre of the Karolinenplatz (Pl . D, 3) rises an Obelisk ,105 ft . in height, cast almost entirely of the metal of guns captured in war , 31 tons in weight , and erected by Lewis I. in 1833 to thememory of 30,000 Bavarians who perished in the Russian war.The Barer- Strasse on the right leads from the Karolinen-Platz to the Old and New Pinakothek .The ** Old Pinakothek (i . e . “ Repository of Pictures', from the Greek; Pl . D, 2; admission , see p. 115), erected in 1826-36 by Klenze in the Renaissance style , to some extent resembling the Vatican , is adorned on the S. side , on the gallery above , with twenty four statues of celebrated painters from sketches by Schwanthaler.Entrance in the Barer-Str . , on the E. side . It contains upwards of 1400 pictures , arranged chronologically and according to schools , in eleven large saloons , lighted from above , and twenty -four cabinets .The name of the painter is attached to each picture . Catalogue 2 m.60 pf. The cabinets should be visited immediately after the rooms to which they belong, in order to preserve the historical sequence.ORIGIN OF THE COLLECTION . This fine national gallery has been de veloped from the union of three different collections. As early as the 16th and 17th centuries the Bavarian princes were distinguished for their love of art , and amassed numerous paintings. Elector Maximilian I. in particular was an enthusiastic admirer of Dürer, and secured at Nurem berg several of that master's finest works. In the year 1805 this collection was extensively increased by the removal to Munich of the celebrated Düsseldorf Gallery, which had been founded by the Electors of the Pala tinate . The object of this removal was to save the collection from beingcarried off to Paris. The numerous examples of Netherlandish masters of the 17th cent. , including the imposing Rubens collection , formed part of the Düsseldorf Gallery. The third great constituent part of the Pinakothek is the Boisserée Collection , consisting of works of the lower Rhenish school rescued by the brothers Sulpice and Melchior Boisserée and their friend Bertram from the churches and monasteries which were suppressed at Cologne during the years 1805-1810 , and of some important works of the school of the Van Eycks. The addition of this valuable collection to the Pinakothek in 1827 placed it in the foremost rank as a gallery for the study of northern art. During the reign of King Lewis I. the collection at the Pinakothek was considerably increased , the most important addi tions being the Wallerstein collection , secured in 1828 , and several val uable works purchased at different times in Italy.The pre-Raphaelite Italian schools are on the whole scantily represented in the Munich Gallery; probably the most important example is the Madonna by Francesco Francia (Room VI. , No. 577).The finest of the works by Raphael is undoubtedly the Madonna of the Tempi family (Cab. XIX. , 1206) , painted in his Florentine period; the contemporary Madonna of the Canigiani family (R. VI . ,534) has suffered greatly from cleaning, the angels at the top having entirely vanished . There exist several replicas of the Madonna della Tenda (Cab. XIX . , 547), at Turin and elsewhere , but the Munich example is generally considered the best . The portrait of Bindo Altoviti (R. VI . , 585) , which has been freely retouched , was form erly regarded by some authorities as a portrait of Raphael himself.Of the five works ascribed to Correggio,> none can be regarded asOld Pinakothek . MUNICH. 27. Route. 1292

thoroughly authenticated . The best example of the Venetian school is the Christ crowned with thorns by Titian (R. VII . , 1329) . Mu rillo's Beggar Boys, perhaps the most popular work in the gallery,does not require attention drawn to it . Early Flemish painting is seen to the greatest advantage in Roger van der Weyden's Triptych (new room, 627) and St. Luke (new room, 634) , Memling's Seven Joys of Mary ( Cab. III . , 655 ), the winged altar- pieces and the triptych by Bouts (C. III . , 636 , 647, 640-642) , and the Adoration of the Magiby Gerard David (new room, 45 ). The Cologne works of the 15th and 16th centuries are chiefly attractive to the professional eye , while on the other hand seyeral works of the Swabian andFranconian schools are of general interest and high artistic im portance . Prominent among these Gernian masters stands Holbeinthe Elder, to whom the altar- piece with St. Sebastian (R. I. , 16-18)is now again, and rightly, ascribed. Dürer's Four Apostles , or the 'Four Temperaments' (R. I. , 71,76 ), deserve and repay the closest study, especially the magnificent St. Paul in the famous white robe ,which is unrivalled in its plastic modelling. The Battle of Arbela (C. V. , 76 ) by Albrecht Altdorfer (ca. 1480-1538), remarkable for its almost fantastic excess of realism, the Finding of the Cross (R. I. , 72) by the rare master Barthel Beham (d . 1540) , and the Portrait (C. IV ., 740) by Baldung Grien are also worthy of notice. Of the altar-pieces formerly attributed to Grünewald ( R. I. , 63, 68, 69,70, 75) it is now generally allowed that No. 69 alone is by this artist, while the others are painted in the style of Cranach.Next to Antwerp and Vienna , Munich offers the traveller the best opportunity of becoming acquainted with the versatility of Rubens. Among the eighty-nine pictures in this gallery which were formerly catalogued under his name , there are certainly nu merous school- pieces and many works of merely mediocre value,but they also include several of the finest productions of this most fertile master. The vast range of his imaginative powers may be estimated by glancing from the stupendous Last Judgment to the Lion Hunt, from the Battle of the Amazons to the Children with gar lands of fruit, from the sketches for the Medici pictures in the Louvre to the fine Bacchanalian scenes . Rubens's best pupil, Van Dyck, is also well represented by several portraits (R.V.,321, 331).The Descent from the Cross (C. VII. , 849) and the Portrait of awoman (R. V. , 329) are the finest among the numerous examples of Rembrandt. The canvases of Adrian Brouwer (C. XVI. , 791,799, 811 , 813) deserve attention , were it only for their compa rative rarity, and the genre - pieces of Terburg (R. II . , 243) and Metsu, and the humorous subjects of Jan Steen are also noteworthy.The works of the Italian painters of the 17th cent. are generally passed by with scanty notice, but the Ascensions of Guido Reni and Cignani, at least, do not merit this fate . The Mourning over the body of Christ by N. Poussin (R. IX . , 417) is a work of great beauty.BAEDEKER'S S. Germany. 5th Edit. 9)130 Route 27 . MUNICH . Old Pinakothek .ENTRANCE HALL. Portraits of the founders , from Elector John William ( d . 1719) to King Lewis I. (d . 1868) . We then turn tothe right into theNBw CABINBT. Early Cologne School , chiefly of the 14th and 15th centuries . To the right , 599-604. School of Meister Wilhelm ,Wings of a shrine from Heisterbach with representations of events from the Annunciation to the Gift of Tongues and Death of the Virgin, and figures of saints; 610-612. Master of the Twelve Apost les , The Apostles; 606. School of Meister Stephan , Saints; *607 .Meister Wilhelm (of Cologne ), St. Veronica with the napkin; 605 .Later Master of Cologne, Saints .New North -East Room . Lower Rhenish ( Cologne) and Flem ish works of the 15th and 16th centuries. To the right (S.):IX .FrenchSchool . North .LowerRhenish School.Cologne 23 |22 | 21 2010 |18 |1517|16 | 15 |14 | 15 |1201011111011111 | 71615141: 12School | .VII . VI . V. IV. III .VIII . Venet. | Italian Flemish Rubens | Flemish Italian School. , Sehool . , School. , Saloon , School.School.II .DatchSchool.I. Hall Upper ' of theGerm. Foun School. ders.Loggie. inVes tibule.South .VIIIb.Neap. &Sp. Sch .

• 661 , 662, 663. Master of the Death of the Virgin ( Jan Joest of Calcar) , Triptych, in the centre Death of the Virgin , on the wings the donors with their patron -saints. E. wall: *45. Gerard David,

Adoration of the Magi; 55, 61. Coxcie, The Virgin Mary, John the Baptist ( copies of figures in the Ghent altar- piece by Hubert van Eyck); * 66. Unknown Master ( Quentin Massys? ), Pietà; 84, 86.B. Bruyn, Christ taking leave of Mary, Resurrection . N. wall:74 , 64. J. van Hemessen , Call of Matthew, Isaac blessing Jacob.W.wall: *627, 628, 629. Rogier van der Weyden the Elder, Trip tych , in the centre Adoration of the Magi, on the wings Annuncia tion and Presentation .‘ No picture of the master is more imbued with religious feeling;none is more happily arranged and carried out .' " The Early Flemish Painters' by Crowe and Cavalcaselle .1452. Master of the Lyversberg Passion , Adoration of the Magi;

• 634. Rogier van der Weyden , St. Luke painting a portrait of the Virgin; above, 44. Marinus van Romerswalen , Room of a lawyer;

80. Jan Massys the Elder , The two tax -gatherers. - S. wall: *630,631 , 632. The so-called Master of the Boisserée St. Bartholomew or of the Altar of the Holy Cross ( in the Cologne Museum), Triptych:Old Pinakothek . MUNICH. 27. Route. 131-in the centre SS. Bartholomew , Agnes, and Cecilia; on the wings SS. Christina, James, John, and Margaret. We now re - enter theEntrance Hall and turn to the right into the I. Room . Upper German ( Franconian and Swabian) Schools ,chiefly.of the first half of the 19th century . *1 , * 2, *3 . Dürer, The Paumgartner altar - piece, a Triptych , in the centre the Nativity , on each side the Founders in armour; above , 15, 58, 59, 20. Holbein the Elder, Crown of Thorns, Ecce hom*o , Bearing of the Cross ,Resurrection . S. wall: M. Schaffner , 7. Annunciation , 21. Presentation in the Temple; 27. M. Wohlgemuth, Resurrection; above,58. H. v. Kulmbach , Resurrection of Christ and Coronation of theVirgin , W. wall: *16, 17, *18. H. Holbein the Elder, Triptych:centre, Martyrdom of St. Sebastian; at the sides, ss . Barbara andElizabeth ,This work may be styled, the artist's master-piece, and far transcends any of his previous efforts. Without excessive or violent motion , the picture is full of dramatic power. The head of the saint is well individualised and expressive of a high degree of patient suffering; while the nude body shows careful observation of nature. See Holbein und seineZeit', by Professor Alfred Woltmann .Above, 73. H. Burgkmair, Esther before Ahasuerus; Holbein the Elder, 6. Purification in the Temple, 9. Nativity, 41. Annuncia tion , 47. Visitation; 56. Lucas Cranach the Elder, The Woman taken in adultery ( afterwards enlarged one-half); 40, 46. H. von Kulmbach , Joachim and Zacharias; *94. Dürer (?), Pietà; above,72. Barthel Beham , Finding of the Cross; 14, 19, 54, 60. Works by Holbein the Elder. N. wall: Dürer , * 71. SS . Peter and John,

• 76. SS . Paul and Mark (completed in 1526).

The four Apostles are at the same time prototypes of the four ' Com plexions', St. John representing the melancholic, St. Peter the phlegmatic,St. Paul the choleric, and St. Mark the sanguine temperament. The panel with SS. Paul and Mark is the finer of the two. St. Paul is one of themost majestic figures ever conceived by the master , and appears as if just on the point of battling for his faith with word or blow . A great deal more labour in the details has been bestowed upon St. Paul than upon the other figures , and it is also the best - preserved . The white mantle is a marvel of plastic painting, and is admirably shaded. - Dürer ',by Prof. Moriz Thausing.M. Wohlgemuth , 1423. Crucifixion , 82. Marriage of St. Catha rine; 63 , 68, 69, 70, 75. Grünewald (? comp. p. 129), Portions of an altar- piece with figures of saints above life - size; 62, 67. B. Strigel, Wings of an altar - piece with portraits of the Rehlingen family, patricians of Augsburg. E. wall: 83. L. Cranach theElder, Death of Lucretia; * 93. Dürer, Same subject; 65. Burgk mair, St. John; above, 42, 5 , 48, 8. Works by Holbein the Elder.II. Room . Dutch school of the 17th century. To the left (E.):320 , 332. Weenix , Still- life; 224. Barth, van der Helst , Admiral van Tromp; 1460. Aart van Gelder, Portrait of a man. S. wall:1287, 1002, 1297. B. van der Helst, Portraits; 309. Jan Wynants,Landscape by morning -light; *311 . Frans Hals, Family portraits;326. Weenix , Birds; 182, 184. Ravesteyn, Portraits; 1017. Miere>9 *132 Route 27 .MUNICH. Old Pinakothek .velt, Portrait; 870. A. van Diepenbeeck , Portrait; 319. Wynants,Landscape by evening- light; 187. Bloemaert, Raising of Lazarus.- W. wall: 323, *329. Rembrandt, The painter Govert Flinck and his wife; 1403. J. van der Meer of Haarlem , Forest scene; 1458.A , van Everdingen , Mountain scene; 310. Honthorst, St. Peter liberated from prison; 235. Weenix, Boar - hunt; *196. Rembrandt,Portrait of himself; 306, Lievens%, Portrait of an old man; 194.A, van de Velde, Landscape with cattle by evening- light; 230. L. Bakhuizen , Harbour of Antwerp; 302. Lievens%, old man. N.wall: 219. M. d'Hondecoeter, co*ck -fight; 214. A. van der Werff ,Mary Magdalene; * 179. Rembrandt, Abraham’s sacrifice; 228. N. Berchem , Landscape with ruins; 1299. Rembrandt, Holy Family;340. Weenix , Game; 173. J. Both, Autumnal scene; 344. Honde coeter, co*ck - fight. · E, wall: 225. Everdingen , Norwegian land scape; 243. Terburg, Smokers; 322. J. van Ruysdael, Landscape with waterfall; 223. Berchem, Laban and Jacob. III. Room. Flemish School of the 16th and 17th centuries. To the left (E.): * 324. Jordaens, The satyr and the countryman .S. wall: 308. Ehrenberg, Picture gallery; 314. G. de Crayer, Ma donna enthroned; 211. Millet, Landscape; 1467. De Vos, Bear hunt. W. wall: Jordaens, 1466. Christ in the Temple, *181 .Twelfth Night. N. wall: 231. C. de Vos , Family of Ulrich von Hutten; Snyders , 297. Two lionesses pursuing a roe - deer, 305.Lioness killing a wild - boar; 77, 1424. Neuchâtel, Portraits; 299.Teniers the Younger, Fair in front of the church of S. Maria dell'Impruneta in Florence , a large picture containing 1138 figures,much retouched; *205 . Snyders, Kitchen; 120. Neuchâtel, Neu dörfer, the writing -master, and his son . E. wall: 266. Rubensand J. Brueghel, Madonna in a garland of flowers; 1293, A. Moor,Portrait; 1408. Snyders, Poultry - dealer.IV . Room, with the adjoining Cabinet XII. (see p. 139), con tains exclusively works of Rubens or at least works from his stu dio . To the left (E.): * 245 . Lion - hunt; 248. Mars crowned by Victory . S. wall: * 250. Perdition of lost souls; 257. Seneca;253. Philip IV. of Spain; 254. Elizabeth, wife of Philip IV.; 283.Cardinal Don Ferdinand of Spain; 252. Adoration of the Shepherds;

• 256 . Portraits of Rubens and his first wife, Isabella Brant; * 258.

The Last Judgment, large size; * 255. Samson betrayed by Delilah;1307. Assumption; * 268, *267. Portraits of scholars; * 261. Christ and Mary Magdalene; 264. The archangel Michael; *263. Seven children with festoons of fruit; * 265. Silenus intoxicated; 270.Latona in the marsh transforming the peasants into frogs. W. wall: * 269, Massacre of the Innocents; 272. Trinità; 289. Nymphssurprised by satyrs; 275. Portrait of his second wife, Helena Four ment; 288. Diana; 273. Minerva and Mars. N. wall: * 273. He lena Fourment and her son; * 284. Landscape with a rainbow;287. Rubens and Helena Fourment in a pleasure- garden; 281.--78Old Pinakothek . MUNICH . 27. Route. 133rence .-

3The woman of the Apocalypse; 260. Helena Fourment; 282. Queen Constance of Poland; 286. Pastoral scene; 285. Drunkenness and Voluptuousness overcome by Virtue and Temperance; 271. Meleager and Atalanta; 290. The Gift of Tongues;* 291. Rape of the daugh ters of Leucippus by the Dioscuri; 292. Martyrdom of St. Law E. wall: 262. Crucifixion; 277. Franciscan; * 244. Earl and Countess of Arundel; 249. The Sabine women; 251. Equestrian portrait of the Infant Don Ferdinand.V. Room . Van Dyck and other Flemish Masters of the 17th century. To the left (E.): A. van Dyck, 1308. Portrait of his wife,Mary Ruthven; 316. Rest on the Flight into Egypt. 1304. G. Kneller (copy afterVan Dyck ), Queen Henrietta Maria of England; 238. J. d'Arthois, Landscape. - S. wall: Van Dyck , * 221. Susanna at the bath; 206. Petel , the sculptor; 215, Martyrdom of St. Sebastian.274. Snyders, Boar -hunt, the figures by Rubens. A. van Dyck , 201 .Henry IV. of France defeating the Catholic League; 207. Portrait of himself; 414. Portrait of a lady. *317. Snyders, Boar- hunt.W. wall: A. van Dyck, 1472. Portrait of the Marchese Spinola (half- figure , unfinished ); 217. The painter Jan de Wael and his wife; * 193. The organist Liberti of Antwerp; 209. Malery the en graver; 212. Pietà; 1405. The Marchese Mirabella. Above , 186 ,339. J. Fyt, Bear-hunt, Boar-hunt. N. wall: A. van Dyck, 333 .duch*ess of Croy; *335. Portrait; *347. Duke of Croy; 198. St. Se bastian; *313, * 315. Burgomaster of Antwerp and his wife; *345 .Duke Wolfgang Wilhelm of the Palatinate . Above, J. Fyt, 180 .Roe pursued by hounds. 341. Still- life. E. wall: A. van Dyck,

• 321, *331 . The sculptor Collyns de Nole and his wife; * 175. Ma donna and Child with John the Baptist. 232. Arthois , Landscape.

VI. Room . Early Italian Masters (14th , 15th, and beginning of the 16th century ). To the left (E. ): *1200. Cima da Conegliano,Madonna with Mary Magdalene and St. Jerome; 586. Milanese School, Madonna; 552. Lor. Lotto, Marriage of St. Catharine; 563.Filippino Lippi., Intercession of Christ and the Virgin; 535 , 540.Granacci, St. Apollonia and the Magdalene. S. wall: * 556,557, 558. Ghirlandajo , Madonna with SS. Catharine and Lawrence;545. Mariotto Albertinelli, Annunciation; *555. 8. Botticelli, Pietà;1333. Garofalo, Pietà; 537. Lombard School, St. Ambrose; *541 .Marco Palmezzano, Madonna; 543. Lombard School, St. Louis ofNaples. W. wall: 1476. Ghirlandajo, Madonna with the Holy Child and John the Baptist; 548. A. del Sarto , Holy Family; * 582a.After Raphael, St. Cecilia (original at Bologna); 553. Lor, di Credi,Holy Family; 484. G. Vasari, Holy Family; 1335. Dutch copyist of Leonardo da Vinci, Madonna; 550, Perugino, Madonna; 580.Correggio (?), Madonna; 469. Correggio, Madonna with ss . Ilde fons and Jerome; 551. Brescianino, Holy Family. N. wall:

• 561. Perugino, The Virgin Mary appearing to St. Bernard.
• 577. Fr. Francia, Madonna in a bower of roses .

134 Route 27.MUNICH. Oid Pinakothek .-This panel “ affords a rare example of dignity in Francia's works; it is also distinguished by a more tender blending and harmony of silvery tone than any we have hitherto met with '. History of Painting in North Italy ', by Crowe and Cavalcaselle .

• 585. Raphael, Portrait of Bindo Altoviti; 565. Milanese School,

St. Catharine; *534. Raphael, Holy Family of the Canigiani family,obtained by the Palatine Elector Johann Wilhelm as a dowry with the Princess A. M. Ludovica de' Medici ( painted in the last years of Raphael's stay in Florence) , - 581 , Innocenzo da Imola , Virginand Child appearing to St. Petronius and other saints; 1474. Seb.del Piombo , Portrait of a priest; 1194. Sodoma, Madonna; *590.Perugino , Madonna adoring the Child; 538. Filippino Lippi (?),Pietà; 1473. Cesare da Sesto , Madonna. E. wall: 1193. Unknown Master, The relatives of Christ; 1169. Fra Filippo Lippi,Madonna; 575. Francia, Madonna with two angels; 554. Francia,Annunciation; 559. M. Basaiti, Madonna; 1145. Spinello Aretino,Altar-piece with five saints.VII. Room. Venetian Masters ( 16-18th cent.). To the left (E.):

• 1223 . Tintoretto, Vesalius, the anatomist; 483. Copy of Bardone,

Girl; *591 . Titian, Madonna; Paolo Veronese, 425. Caritas Romana,430. Strength and Temperance; 1483. J. Bassano, Entombment.S. wall: Paolo Veronese, Cupid with two tiger- hounds , 436.Portrait, 495. Repose on the Flight into Egypt; 450. Titian , Land scape with the Virgin and Ss . Jerome and Anthony; * 524 . Titian ,Venus initiating a girl in the service of Bacchus ( ascribed by Mr. Crowe to a painter of a later period); 506. Palma Giovane, St. John with the body of Christ; 539. Tintoretto , The artist introducing his son to the Doge. · W. wall: 1481. Leandro Bassano , Christ in the house of Lazarus; *496, Titian , Emp. Charles V. *588. Palma Vecchio, Mary with St. Rochus and Magdalene." The flesh tints are flayed and there is some retouching in this little picture, but the figures and action are still attractive by their grace;andthe colours almost equal those of Titian in richness and power'.C. & c.

• 587. Titian , Madonna with the child Jesus , and John the Baptist ainted between 1520 and 1525).

Thehead and foot of St. John, and the head of the Virgin are damaged by abrasion and retouching; yet the picture is still a lovely one of Titian,and the landscape to the right , with blue mountains and nearer ranges dotted with church and campanile, is beautifully painted' . Titian ', by Crowe and Cavalcaselle.583. Moroni, Portrait; 489. Unknown Master, Venetian noble;1480. J. Bassano, Moses striking the rock . - N. wall: * 470 . Giorgione (?), Vanity of earthly things; 451 , 461. Rotari, Genre scenes;

• 579 . Rocco Marconi, ss . Nicholas, Philip , and John the Baptist;
• 452 . Moretto , Priest; *467. Titian, Portrait of a man; 437. Palma

Giovane, Adoration of the Shepherds .

• 1329. Titian , Christ crowned with thorns (of his latest period) ,

' It is impossible to conceive better arrangement, greater harmony of lines, or more boldness of movement. Truth in the reproduction of na ture in momentary action is combined with fine contrasts of light and->Old Pinakothek . MUNICH, 27. Route. 135

shade, and an inimitable richness of tone, in pigment kneaded, grained,and varied in surface beyond anything that we know of this time'.C. & C. 492. Paris. Bordone (?), Portraits; 448. Palma Giovane , En tombment. E. wall: 1211. P. Bordone, Portrait; 487. P. Vero nese, Cleopatra; 589. L. Bassano, Madonna.

• 582. Ascribed to Giorgione, Male portrait ( Fugger? ).

Messrs. Crowe and Cavalcaselle describe this work as undoubtedly a'noble portrait by Palma Vecchio ' , probably of the painter himself.'Whoever he may be, the man is 'of strong and energetic mould; the glance of his eye is so rapid, open , and expressive as to convey the best impression of nature's instant action; the is a breadth of modelling anda variety of toning beyond measure telling and truthful; and the play, of the features is admirable' .P. Veronese, 485. Madonna , 424. Justice and Prudence, 429.Faith and Devotion .VIII. Room. Later Italian Masters ( chiefly of the 17th cent. ).To the left (E. ): 446. Guido Reni, St. Jerome; 522. Domenichino,Susanna at the bath; 508. Vaccaro, The Holy Child and John the Baptist; *432. Procaccini, Holy Family; 511. Cavaliere d’Arpino,Madonna. S. wall: 499. Canlassi , Mary Magdalene borne toHeaven by angels; 502. Lod. Carracci, St. Francis; 480. Albani,Venus and Mars; 355. G. Reni, Apollo flaying Marsyas. W. wall:514. Cignani, Assumption . - N. wall: 471. C. Dolci, Mary Mag dalene; 525. Buroccio, St. Mary of Egypt receiving the Eucharist;438. A. Turchi, Hercules and Omphale; 503. Guercino, Madonna;

• 527. G. Reni, Assumption; 426. Procaccini, Holy Family; 509. Pietro da Cortona, The Woman taken in adultery. É wall: 421.

Guercino, Crown of Thorns; 433. Tiarini, Rinaldo in the enchanted forest (from Tasso); 494. Baroccio, Christ appearing to Mary Mag dalene . · Wenow turn to the left ( S.) into theVIII b . Room. Neapolitan and Spanish Masters (chiefly of the 17th cent. ) . To the left ( 8.): 373. Zurbaran, St. Francis of Assisi;

• 366 . Velazquez , Portrait of himself; 380. Spanish School, Portrait; 458, 462. L. Giordano, Portraits . E. wall: 361. A. Pereda, Con versation - piece; 469. Giordano , Lucretia; *368. Murillo , Girls

selling fruit; 354. Ribera, Death of Seneca; *376 . Murillo, Old woman cleansing a boy's head; 387. Pereda, Fortune-teller; 379.Coello, St. Peter of Alcantara walking on the sea . · N. wall: 1488 .Jos. Antolinez , Madonna in a glory; Murillo , * 357. Two beggar boys gambling, **348 . Two beggar- boys eating grapes and melons,

• 371 . St. Francis of Paula healing a paralytic; 358. Ribera, Peter's repentance; 351. Zurbaran (? ), The Virgin and St. John returning from the Sepulchre. W. wall: 360. Ribera , St. Jerome; *349 .

Murillo , Beggar -boys with a puppy; 363. Ribera, Body of St. An drew removed from the cross; 384. Pereda, Portrait; 161. Carreno,Donna Maria Anna de Austria. S. wall: Ribera, 386, 383. St. Bartholomew , 365. Egg-dealer, 385. Manasses, King of the Jews.353. Alonso Cano, St. Anthony of Padua with the Holy Child.-

-136 Route 27 .MUNICH Old Pinakothek

-7IX. Room. French and German Masters of various periods. To the left (N. ): * 391 , * 399. Claude Lorrain , Landscapes. W.wall: 408. N. Poussin, Midas and Bacchus; 414. Vernet, Storm at sea; 174. Ph. de Champaigne, Turenne; *407, *416. Claude Lor rain , Landscapes; * 417. Ň . Poussin , Entombment. S. wall:413. Le Sueur, Christ in the house of Lazarus. E. wall: Picturesby J. H. R008, J. K. Loth, Chris. Schwarz, A. R. Mengs (153. Por trait of himself ) , Angelica Kauffmann (152. Portrait of herself ),and other masters.From Room VIII we reach the last of the 23 CABINETS on theN. side of the building. The following description , however, follows the numerical order, which corresponds with the historical.Cabinet I. Early Cologne or Lower Rhenish School of the 15th century . To the right (W.): 624 , 623. Master of the Lyversberg Passion , Death of the Virgin , Purification in the Temple; 625.Cologne Master , Coronation of the Virgin . S. wall: Master of the Lyversberg Passion, 618. Assumption , 617. Visitation , 613.Meeting of Joachim and Anna. - E. wall: *1337 . Cologne School,Madonna in a bower of pinks; Master of the Lyversberg Passion ,614. Purification in the Temple, 615. Annunciation, 616. Marriage of the Virgin; 608. Cologne School, Virgin enthroned .Cabinet II. Lower Rhenish and Early Flemish School, chiefly of the first half of the 16th century . To the left (E.): Flemish School , 645. St. George, 638. Madonna; 695, 664-667. Barth ,Bruyn ,Saints; 762. Patinir, Crucifixion; 1490. J. Mostaert , Presentation in the Temple; 1489. Flemish Master, Nativity; 639. Mostaert ,Adoration of theMagi. — S. wall: Flemish School, 686. Crucifixion ,751. St. Rochus, 711. Madonna. W. wall: Portraits, chiefly by unknown masters; 669-673. B. Bruyn , Altar-piece.CABINET III. Early Flemish School of the 15th and 16th cen turies. To the left (E.): *647, * 636. Dierick Bouts, Two wings belonging to the Last Supper in the church of St. Peter at Louvain: Abraham and Melchisedech and Gathering manna; *640, 641 , 642.Dierick Bouts, Triptych , in the centre Adoration of the Magi, at the sides SS. John the Baptist and Christopher. S. wall: 646. J.Mostaert, Repose on the Flight into Egypt; Herri met de Bles, 683.Adoration of the Magi, 1493. Triptych; Lucas van Leyden , * 743.Virgin with Mary Magdalene and St. John, *743a. Annunciation .W. wall: 1347. Gerard David , Madonna with St. Catharine and other saints .

• • 655 . Memling, The seven Joys of Mary ( 1480 ).

" We feel at once, in looking at this picture, the absence of linear per spective and atmosphere; yet the episodes are so complete in themselves,and so cleverly arranged and executed , that they produce a deep im pression; and the colours are so bright, so clear, and so admirably con trasted , that we necessarily yield to a grateful sense of rest'.681. Herri met de Bles, Annunciation .Cabinet IV. Upper German School of the 15th and 16th cenC. & C.Old Pinakothek . MUNICH. 27. Route. 137turies. To the left (E.): * 1360. Martin Schön, Holy Family; * 738 .H. Burgkmair, Portrait of Schongauer; *758a . H. Holbein theYounger, Portrait of D. Born; A. Altdorfer, 1369. St. George and the Dragon , 1370. Landscape. A. Dürer, * 731. Portrait of his teacher Wohlgemuth; 719. Simeon and Lazarus; 715. Joachim and Joseph; 716, Portrait of himself (probably painted in 1504-5; the date 1500 is a forgery); * 739. Portrait of a young man; 51. Por trait of Jacob Fugger. 756. L. Cranach the Elder, Virgin; *750. M. Schaffner, Portrait of Appian the mathematician; 759. Cranach,Moses and Aaron; 740. H. Baldung Grien, Margrave Philip of Ba den; 1374, 1373. ss . Cyprian and Cornelius. S. wall: AfterDürer, 745. Madonna, 720. Portrait of Dürer's father; 1357. Zeit blom, St. Bridget. W. wall: 1495. Bartel Beham , King Louis of Hungary; 728 , 742. Burgkmair, William IV . , Duke of Bavaria,and his wife Jacobæa; 734. Cranach , Madonna and Child; 735 .Holbein the Younger, Sir Bryan Tuke; 1496. Grien , Margrave Christopher of Baden; *712 . Dürer, Portrait of Oswald Krell (1499).CABINET V. Upper German School of the 16th century. To the left ( E.): 35. M. Feselen, Siege of Alesia (in Burgundy) by Cæsar;735. Altdorfer, The chaste Susanna; 1500. Bartel Beham, Death of Marcus Curtius. S. wall: 1502. Feselen, Clelia before Por senna; 619. Burgkmair, ss. Liberius and Eustace . W. wall:26. Prew , Scipio winning the battle of Zama; 761. Altdorfer, Vic tory of Alexander the Great at Arbela.CABINET VI . Dutch School of the 17th century . To the left ( E.): A. Cuyp, 1378. Landscape, 1004. Officer with a grey horse;1093. A. van Everdingen , Mountain scene. S. wall: 1064. A. van de Velde, Cattle; 1441. P. Potter, Cows and goats; 1052. A. van de Velde, Shepherd at a well . W. wall: 1046. J. Cuyp,Town on a river; *1103. Paul Potter, Cattle; 843. Isaac van Ostade,Winter-scene; 1426. J.van Goyen, Landscape; 1518. S.van Ruys dael, Canal; 925. Mierevelt, Portrait; 1417. J. van Goyen, Town on a river.CABINET VII. Dutch School of the 17th century . To the left (E.): 1038. J. van Ruysdael, Waterfall; *1121 Metsu , Twelfth Night; 1061. 8. van Ruysdael, River scene; 1120. Weenix, Knife grinder ..-- S. wall: 293. Berchem , Landscape. W. wall: *1066.J. van Ruysdael, Marshy forest; * 242. K. du Jardin , The sick goat;

• 1045, J. van Ruysdael, Landscape.

CABINBT VIII. Dutch School of the 18th century . To the left ( E.): Rembrandt, * 848 . Adoration of the Shepherds, *849. Descent from the Cross, * 850. Crucifixion. 871. G. van den Eeckhout, Jesus teaching in the Temple. - S. wall: *718, 330. J. Both , Landscapes with Mercury and Juno; 1012. De Heem , Fruit; 986. Dou , Old woman cutting bread; 1005. A. van Ostade, Peasants drinking and smoking. · W. wall: Rembrandt, *847. Ascension , *851 . Re surrection , * 852. Entombment.

138 Route 27 . MUNICH. .Old Pinakothek .-

This remarkable series of scenes from the history of Christ ( including Nos. 848-850 , see above) wasexecuted in 1633-39 for Prince Frederick Henry, Stadtholder of the Netherlands. The finest of the series is the En tombment, which is painted with a broad and vigorous touch , and is of ample, dry, and granulated impasto. The colouring in general ' is sombre,and in the background and the figures in the foreground there are shades of brown which recall the Spanish colourists . A powerful effect is pro duced by the group on which the high light falls, where the colours have been laid on with great freedom . ' Rembrandt; sa Vie et ses Euvres', byC. Vosmaer.839. Jan and Andrew Both , Card - players; 882. S. Koninck,Jesus in the Temple; 1528. $. van Ruysdael , Landscape.CABINET IX. Dutch School of the 17th century. To the left ( E.): 987. Ostade, Merry peasants; *1050. J. van Ruysdael, Forest scene; 1118. Wynants, Landscape; *1040 . F. van Mieris the Elder,Eating oysters; 874. A. Ostade , Boors brawling; 855. J. Steen,Physician feeling the pulse of a patient; G. Dou, 880. Old woman eating , 993. Girl with a light at a window, 853. Old woman at awindow; *878, 994. A. Ostade, Boors merry -making; 1017. J. van Ruysdael , Forest scene. S. wall: Isaac van Ostade, 1532. In terior of a cottage , 1533. Winter-scene; * 1012. J. de Heem , Fruit;1534. P. Wouwerman, Grey horse. W. wall: 1537. F. van Mie ris, Trumpeter; 1535. Hondecoeter, Poultry -yard; * 1062. Terburg,Trumpeter bearing a letter to a young lady (replicas at Dresden,Berlin, the Hague, and Amsterdam ); 957. Metsu , Cook; 1123. J. Ruysdael, Landscape; 1036. M. Hobbema, Landscape; Dou,881 .Woman selling herrings, *864. Portrait of himself; *1029. Terburg,Boy with a dog. N. wall: G. Schalcken , 296. Blowing out acandle , 303. Penitent Magdalene,CABINET X. Dutch School of the 17th century . To the left (E.): * 1015. F. van Mieris , Lady at her mirror; 809. G. Dou, Lady at her toilette; 842. J. Steen , Card-players quarrelling; Mieris,

• 1007. Lady playing the lute, * 879. Lady in a swoon, *1009. Lady with a parrot; 1095. J. van der Heyden , Street- scene; G. Dou ,

857. Old painter (Jürgen Oven , pupil of Rembrandt) atan easel,873. Hermit praying. S. wall: 858, G. Dou, Old market- woman;

• 1067. J. Ruysdael, Waterfall; * 1010. De Keyser, Man and wife;

1384. W. Kalf , Still -life; 958. Ostade, Man drinking. - W. wall:872. G. Dou , Old woman combing a boy's hair; 1544. J. van der Meer van Haarlem , Margin of a forest; 877. Slingeland, Cradle;G. Dou , * 876 . Quack , 951. Girl emptying a can; Mieris, * 1006 .Officer asleep , 1014. Boor cutting tobacco; 1096. J. van Ruysdael,Village - scene during a thaw .CABINET XI. Dutch School of the 17th century. To the left (E. ): Ph. Wouwerman , 988. Watering horses, 995. Stable; 1545.A. van de Velde, Ferry; 1063. J. van Huysum , Still-life; *208.Ph. Wouwerman, Deer -hunt; *967 . Wynants, Landscape; * 1056.Huysum , Flowers; Ph. Wouwerman, 989. Leaving the stable, 984.Draught of fishes. - S. wall: 1020. Ph. Wouwerman , Battle ofOld Pinakothek . MUNICH, 27, Route. 139

Nördlingen; 1053. Willem van de Velde, Calm sea; 1055. Eglon van der Neer, Lady in a faint; 1054. Everdingen , Storm at sea; 1934. Ph . Wouwerman, Plundering of a village. - W. wall: 1102.F. van Mieris the Younger, Fishmonger; 1019. Ph. Wouwerman,Scene on the ice; * 1414a. Huysum , Fruit; *1122. Pieter deHooch,Interior with woman reading; Ph. Wouwerman , 990. Waggoners at a ferry, 1033. Sportsmen resting , 996. Watering horses; 863.Dou , Woman baking cakes .CABINBT XII. Contains exclusively pictures by Rubens (comp.R. IV., p. 132). To the left (E.): * 915 . St. Christopher.

• 889. The Last Judgment, small size .

Very happily and with a proper feeling of his own powers, Rubens has here given only a corner in the background to the Blessed , whose heavenly calm and ethereal existence he was incapable of expressing; and he has devoted the whole of the remaining space to the fall of the Damned , his true sphere . ... The whole produces an admirable effect by the broad manner in which the light is managed. The colouring is powerful, butnot extravagant; the treatment particularly easy and clever '." Life of Rubens', by Prof. Waagen .276. Pietà . - S. wall: 278. The chaste Susanna; 920, Helena Fourment; 914. Rubens's brother; 919. Portrait; 908. Resurrection of the righteous; *901 . Destruction of the army of Sennacherib;

• 909. Conversion of Paul. W. wall: 890. Portrait of a girl; 898.

Adoration of the Magi; 910. Plague- stricken man calling for aid from St. Francis of Paula; 900. Job.

• 917. Battle of the Amazons at the bridge of Thermodon.

" The admirable effect of the whole is increased by a decided and masterly arrangement of the light; the colouring is forcible without being overcharged , and the execution of the principal parts must be called careful for Rubens. In the whole range of modern art there exists noother/ historical battle-piece worthy of being compared with Raphael's Battle of Constantine; and in fact it has the advantage over the latter in the well-planned concentration of interest , and in the contrast afforded by the male and female figures, which is admirably employed. ' — Waagen .897. Old woman; 905. St. George.Next , eighteen sketches of events in the life of Maria de' Me dici, being the original designs for the oil -paintings in the Louvre.CABINET XIII. Flemish School of the 2nd half of the 16th and 1st half of the 17th centuries. To the left (E.): Van Dyck (sketches), 993. General Tilly; 927. Maria de' Medici; 934. Palame desz, the painter; 936. Van Uden, the painter; 929. John, Count of Nassau. 816, 817. H. van Balen and J. Brueghel, Spring, sum S. wall: 803. D. Teniers the Younger, Village tavern; 932.Van Dyck , Pietà; 229. Vinkboons , Bearing of the Cross; 780.Teniers , Monkeys. W. wall: A. van Dyck, 930. Gustavus Adolphus; 940. Wallenstein; 937. Margaret of Lorraine; 938. Prince Thomas of Carignan; 928. Cæsar Alexander Scaglia. 823, 824.Van Balen and Brueghel, Autumn and winter; 825. Balen, Brueghel,and Snyders, Nymphs hunting.CABINET XIV . Flemish School of the 17th century . To the left (E.): 1561. J. Brueghel the Elder, Landscape; *804. Teniers themer .:140 Route 27. MUNICH Old Pinakothek.1>scene .Younger, Violin - player; 794. J. Brueghel, Madonna with a garland of flowers; 805. Bril , Landscape; 837. Brueghel, Continence of Scipio; 1563. Teniers the Younger, Incantation scene . - S. wall:809 , 808. Balen and Brueghel, Nixies fishing , Diana's nymphs;241. Brueghel and Rubens, Flora . W. wall: 1571. C. Schut,Forge of Vulcan; 1585. Teniers ,. Village- concert; 800. J. Brueghel,Landscape; 833. Balen and Brueghel, Feast of the Gods .Cabinet XV. Flemish School of the 17th century. To the left (E. ): 1578. H. Goltzius, Standard - bearer; Teniers, 844, 840. Ta vern -scenes , 1579-82. The old picture - gallery at Brussels; 1107.A. Brouwer, Peasants singing . - S. wall: 1586. Teniers, Tavern;1577. Neuchâtel, Portrait. W. wall: Teniers, 783. Municipalguard-room , 1588. Portrait of himself , 1589. Peasants smoking;

• 1119. Brouwer, Village surgeon; Teniers, 1039. Peasant couple,

841. Peasant wedding.CABINBT XVI. Flemish School . To the left (E.): * 865. Brouwer,Card - players quarrelling; * 785 . Teniers,Boors drinking; 854, 1602,1601, 1603, 1593. Brouwer, Tavern -scenes; * 346 . Millet, Coast S. wall: Brouwer, 1597-1600, 811. Scenes of peasant life, * 1057 . Village -surgeon; 165, 146. Hamilton , Still - life.W. wall: Teniers, Village -tavern; *799. Brouwer, Soldiers gam ing; 955. A. van Dyck , Crucifixion; *1125 . Teniers , Cottageinterior; 933. Millet, Italian landscape; 791. Brouwer, Card -players.CABINET XVII . Early Italian Schools. To the left ( E.): 1196.G. Bellini, Portrait; 1155. Masolino (?), Portrait; Giotto, * 1148.Last supper, 1152. Crucifixion , 1420. Christ in Hades; 1158. Early Florentine Painter (contemporary of Cimabue) , Madonna. S.wall: 1130. Francesco di Giorgio, St. Anthony of Padua; 1157.Florentine School, St. Francis; 1164. Masolino , Annunciation;1146, 1147. Fra Angelico da Fiesole , Annunciation. W. wall:1143. Lippo Memmi(?), Assumption; Fra Angelico, *1204, 1205,1208. Legend of ss . Cosmas and Damian , 1207. Dead body of Christ; 1149. School of Filippino Lippi, 549. Schoolof Ferrara , Madonna and saints.CABINBT XVIII. Italian Masters. To the left ( E.): Fra Ange lico , Head of a monk ( in fresco ); 1133. Raphael, Head of St. John on a tile (youthful effort in fresco) . S. wall: 574. Garofalo,Madonna with St. Michael and John the Baptist; 564. In the man ner of Leonardo da Vinci, Madonna. W. wall: 1129. M. Basaiti,Pietà; 1171. F. Granacci, Virgin adoring the Holy Child .CABINET XIX. Italian Masters of the 16th and 17th centuries.To the left (E.): Ascribed to Raphael , Portrait of a young man;

• 1170. Salvator Rosa, Soldiers drinking; 1161. Girol. del Pacchia,

St. Bernardine; 1229. Sassoferrato , Madonna.

• • 1206 . Raphael, Madonna di Tempi, so named from the Casa Tempi at Florence , where it was purchased by King Lewis I. in 1829.

-St. Jerome;.Old Pinakothek . MUNICH, 27. Route. 141Both in tone and execution this beautiful work is closely allied to the celebrated Madonna of the House of Orleans. The colours are laid on thinly, with a somewhat fuller impasto in the whitish light. It is a true touch of nature which makes the mother accompany the close embrace with a look of tender affection , while the child receives the caress more mechanically and gazes straight out of the picture. ' Raffael und Michelangelo ', by Prof. Anton Springer.1168. Pacchia, Madonna; 1235. Albani , Venus and Adonis;576. A. del Sarto , Joseph the carpenter. S. wall: 1192. Carlo Dolci , Holy Child; 434. Cavedone, Mourning angel; 1173, 1185.Raphael (?), Baptism and Resurrection of Christ (youthful works);

• 1266. Correggio , Faun playing the flute; 1180. Ascribed to Ra phael, Archangel Michael. W. wall: 573. Guercino , Salvator Mundi. * 547. Raphael, Madonna della Tenda , so named from the green curtain ( purchased in England by King Lewis I. in 1814;

the composition recalls the Madonna della Sedia in the Pitti Gal lery at Florence) . 1221. C. Dolci , Mary Magdalene. N, wall:453. C. Dolci, Madonna.CABINET XX. Venetian and other Italian Schools of the 16-18th centuries. To the left ( E.): 1214. Bellotto ( Canaletto ), Vegetable market at Venice; 1274. S. Rosa, Rocky landscape; Paolo Veronese ,

• 1238. Jupiter and Antiope , *1224. Adoration of the Magi; 1209.

Bellotto , Canal Grande at Venice. S. wall: 1252. Ann. Carracci,Pietà; 1176. Tintoretto, Crown of Thorns; 1191.Lanfranco , Christ on the Mt. of Olives; 1197. Schidone, Mary Magdalene; 1199. Ci goli, St. Francis. W. wall: 1225. Jac. Bassano, St. Jerome;1213, 1210. Bellotto , Scenes in Venice; 267. Maratta (?), Portrait of a cardinal.CABINBT XXI. French Masters of the 17th and 18th centuries.To the left ( E.): 1325. A. Crabeth, Portrait; 1277. Le Sueur, Mass of Saint Louis; 394. J. Vernet, Morning by the sea; 390. Pesne,Girl with a straw-hat; 1607. Chardin , Cook paring turnips; 396.Vernet, Evening near Rome. W. wall: 1320. Greuze, Head of agirl; 1322. Clouet, Claude de France. N. wall: 1278. S. Vouet,Madonna.CABINET XXII. German Masters, chiefly of the 17thcentury.To the left ( E.): Netscher, 777. Musical entertainment, 780. Lady with parrot; 774. Rottenhammer, Last Judgment; 134. J. H. Roos,Before the battle; 767, 779. Denner, old man and old woman;Rottenhammer, 766. Judgment of Paris , 765. Diana and Actæon;Netscher, 769. Bathsheba at the bath , 782. Pastoral scene. S.wall: 961. A. van der Werff, Boy playing the flute; 108, 109.Mignon, Fruit and flowers; Rottenhammer, 763. Madonna in alandscape , 775. Boys dancing. W. wall: 773. Rottenhammer,Marriage at Cana of Galilee; 1025. Lingelbach, Hay-harvest; 147.Roos, Landscape with cattle; 776. Elzheimer, Destruction of Troy.CABINET XXIII contains a series of religious pictures painted for the Elector Johann Wilhelm by Adrian van der Werff, and a few other works by the same hand .7>a142 Route 27 . MUNICH. Loggie.>>On the S. side are the Loggie , an arcade in twenty - five sec tions , with frescoes designed by Cornelius, illustrating the history of painting in the middle ages , the first thirteen relating to the history of Italian art (that in the centre, the 13th , to Raphael) , the remaining twelve to art in the Netherlands , France, and Germany.A brief explanation is here annexed , without which the pictures would hardly be intelligible .E. SERIES: 1. Dome: Religion in union with the Arts. Arabesques;King David (lyric poetry) , Solomon (architecture ), St. Luke ( painting),St. Cecilia (music) . King Lewis conducted by his genius into the grove of poets and artists; the three heads to the right on the outer arch are Klenze, Cornelius , and Zimmermann. 2. The Crusades awaken Art.Bernard of Clairvaux preaches the Crusadé. Battle of Iconium . Gioy.Pisano shows the magistrates of Pisa his design for the Campo Santo.3. Cimabue ( d. 1300). Heis taught by Byzantine painters; his Madonna brought into the church. – 4. Giotto (d. 1337), when a shepherd -boy,becomes Cimabue's pupil; shows his pictures to Pope Benedict XI.; King Robert of Naples visits Giotto; the painter accompanies Pope Clement V. to Avignon .5. Fra Angelico da Fiesole (d . 1455). Ordination as Dominican; he paints in the cells of the monastery; receives the blessing of Pope Martin V. after having painted a chapel in the Vatican; shows Duke Cosimo de'Medici at Florence the plan of the monastery of St. Mark. He declines an archiepiscopal see. 6. Masaccio (d. 1443) shows his designs to a car dinal; paints in the church del Carmine at Florence. – 7. Perugino (d.1524), Raphael's teacher. 8. Predecessors and Contemporaries of Raphael.Signorelli's Vision of the Last Judgment. 9. Leon . da Vinci's birth (d.1519); Leonardo as a teacher and a portrait- painter; his death in the presence of Francis l. of France. 10. Correggio ( d. 1534) among his pupils; allegories. 11. Venetian School. Dürer visits Bellini; Bellini at Constantinople paints the Sultan and his mistress; Titian paints Emp.Charles V .; the heads of the School visit Titian. 12. Michael Angelo ( d .1563 ). Allegory in allusion to his threefold capacity as painter , sculptor,and architect; he paints the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel; works as asculptor at night; applies his compasses to the model of the dome of St. Peter's. 13. Raphael ( d. 1520 ) when a boy in his father's studio; entersthe school of Perugino; is introduced to Pope Julius II .; paints in the Stanze of the Vatican. In order to obtain a chronological review of thehistory of art in the Netherlands, France, and Germany, the visitor should now proceed to the last loggia on the w.W. SERIES: 1. Allegories similar to those in the first loggia on the E. 2. Charles Martel's victory over the Saracens at Tours (732 ). Boniface preaches Christianity. Charlemagne surrounded by scholars , bards, and poets. 3. Emp. Henry, the ' founder of cities' . The architect MeisterGerhardt delivers the model of Cologne cathedral to Bishop Conrad; relics of the Magi; death of St. Gereon and St. Ursula. 4. Meister Wilhelm of Cologne (d. 1380 ). Vision of the Virgin; his death . Influence on the pic tures of Holbein and other masters. 5. John (d. 1442) and Hubert (do1426) van Eyck: the latter invents oil-painting; teaches his brother and sister; shows Philip the Good of Burgundy his pictures; instructs Anto nello of Messina in the art of oil - painting. Allusions to their celebrated ' Immaculate Lamb'. - John Memling (d . 1499 ) paints in St. John's Hos pital at Bruges; his death; vision of the Last Judgment. 7. Lucas v.Leyden ( d. 1533): drawing on his death- bed. 8. Hans Holbein (d. 1543 ):the Virgin appears to him (allusions to his Dresden Madonna); he receives letters of introduction from Erasmus for England; paints Sir Thomas More and his family; introduction to Henry Vill.; he draws the Dance of Death . 9. Albert Dürer (d . 1528) , pupil of Wohlgemuth; his friend Pirk heimer reads to him; Emp. Maximilian holds the ladderfor him; his flattering reception among the painters of Antwerp . 10. Rembrandt (d.1669); on the dome Claude Lorrain ( d. 1682 ). 11. Le Sueur (d. 1655 )working at night, among the Carmelites; Níc. Poussin and his School at

Cabinet of Vases. MUNICH. 27. Route . 143Rome; protection from envy . - Rubens (d . 1640) at his easel , sprinkled with flowers by the goddess of fortune; at his feet Cupid and Bacchantes.Allusions to the tendency of his pictures; the master in the presence of Marie de' Medici; as ambassador in England.GROUND FLOOR of the Pinakothek . On the N. side are the Ca binet of Engravings (adm . see p . 115), 168,000 in number (Dutch and German masters particularly well represented ), and the Cabinet of Drawings (adm. see p . 115 ), containing 22,000 examples by old and modern masters , among them five by Raphael, ten by Fra Bartolommeo , seal of the academy of Florence by Benvenuto Cel lini, with explanation in his own handwriting, sketches by Rem brandt and Dürer, portraits by Holbein , etc. Good reproductions (photographs, photo- lithographs, etc. ) of rare en gravings, etchings, and drawings are sold by the attendants in the Cabi net of Engravings. Prices 25 pf. to 3 m. The Cabinet of Vases (adm . see p. 115; catalogue 1 m. ), occupying five rooms in the W. wing of the ground - floor of the Old Pinakothek, comprises about 1500 specimens, obtained by King Lewis I. from the Candelori ( from Vulci), Canino ( Etruscan ), Dod well (Greek ), Panitteri and Politi ( Sicilian ), and Lipona (Lower Italian) collections.I. Room. Centre-table: 2. Woman playing the lyre; 3. Hercules wrest ling with Antæus; 7. Theseus carrying off Antiope; 10-41. Drinking cups,mostly inscribed with toasts.Table to the left: 54. Perseus pursuing the Gorgon ( archaic ); 58, 60. Her cules stealing the Delphic tripod; 65. Achilles killing Troilus at the altar (on the battlements of Troy are Priam, Hecuba , and other figures); 89.Achilles lying in wait for Polyxena and Troilus behind a fountain; 114.Hercules and Antæus; 120, 122. Women with pitchers on their headsat a fountain; 123. Zeus , Hermes , Hera , and Aphrodite caricatured; 124.Achilles attacked by Hector , Æneas , and Deiphobus after the death of Troilus ( very early ). 125. Atalanta and Peleus struggling; 134. Hercules vanquishing the Triton; 170. Fight between Theseus and the Minotaur.ii. Room. Near the door, fragments of old mural paintings . Table to the right (behind a grating): * Small vase with lid , known as the Dodwell Vase , found at Corinth (on the lid , boar -hunt with names inscribed; on the vase, figures of animals ). Table to the left: 299. Triptolemus in the winged chariot. On the small table near, 329. Theseus and Ariadne.III. Room (r. ) . First table to the right: 231. Peleus overcoming Thetis;334. Cups with pleasing inscriptions in dialogue; * 336. Triptolemus in the winged chariot ( vase ); 337. Combat between Hercules and the triple bodied Geryon; 342. Combat between Hercules and Busiris; 343. Medea with the ram practising magic; 345. Gæa delivering Erichthonius to Athene. Second table: * 370. Large cup with raised and gilded ornamen tation , Achilles slaying Penthesilea; 376. Boreas carrying off Orithyia;378. Héctor arming himself; 383. Orpheus pursued by a Thracian woman. —Third table: 404. Priam begging the body of Hector.IV. Room (left from II . Room) . The nine tables round the walls bear nothing of importance. Near the pillars stand Athenian prize amphoræ ,the pattern of which was imported into Italy in oil-jars, e. g. 449, 498 ,544. , with representations of warlike sports. On the windows wire -cages with specimens of small vessels , some of them of very handsome shape .On the table (No. 10 ) nearest the entrance: * 745. The contest between Idas and Apollo for Marpessa; 748. Boreas pursuing Orithyia; * 753. (flower pot or wine-cooler?) , Alcæus before Sappho inconfusion. Eleventh table (near the window ): 776. Hephæstus intoxicated, surrounded by Bacchan tes; 781. Large cooler or mixing-cup; on the brim , inside, five sailing-ships.Twelfth table (parallel to 10. ): * 805. Scenes from the Argonautic expedition;144 Route 27. MUNICH. New Pinakothek .807. Peleus pursuing Thetis; * 810. Large amphora from Canosa in Apulia:Vengeance of Medea, death of Creusa in the poisoned garment, Medea slays her children and departs in the chariot drawn by dragons. Thirteenth table: * 849. Large amphora , Orpheus in Hades, companion vase to the beautiful No. 810 and like it found at Canosa . 853. Lycurgus and Dionysus, beautifully ornamented , Apulian, found with 810 and 849.Then drinking utensils representing heads of a woman, griffin , sheep,ram , horse, and deer.V. Room. On table I. , left: Old Etrurian utensils ir black clay with stamped figures, also some very ancient yellow ones with animals.Table I. , right: Plain Cyprian vessels. On table V.: 1035. Large vase with combats between war- chariots . On the floor a large antique mosaic , Gæa,goddess of the earth , surrounded by the seasons, also Helius in the zo diac, found in the Romagna on the property of the Duke of Leuchtenberg.The * New Pinakothek (Pl . D, 2; adm. see p . 115; catalogue1 m. ) , erected by Voit 1846 - 53 , contains exclusively ModernPictures of the present century, chiefly of the Munich School (ar>Ground Plan of the Upper Floor .North .14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 12 11VI IV III II Staircase.II III IV VSouth .rangement occasionally altered ). The frescoes on the exterior, which have suffered considerably from exposure to the atmosphere , are best appreciated by an examination of Kaulbach's designs in the 3rd small saloon ( p . 145). In the entrance - hall the model of Wagner's Quadriga on the Siegesthor (p . 123) . Near it , to the left,is the entrance to two rooms containing small Paintings on Por celain (adm. see p. 115). These are admirably-executed copies of the best pictures in the Old Pinakothek , and of the gallery of beauties in the Palace . The ground - floor also now contains the Antiquarium ( p . 147) , which occupies five rooms.I. Room: * Kaulbach , Portrait of King Lewis I. Malachite vase pre sented by Emp. Nicholas; porphyry vases from King Charles John of Sweden.II . Room. Entrance - wall . * 1 . Anselm Feuerbach , Medea; 2. Vermeersch,Grand Canal at Venice; *4. K. Piloty , Thusnelda in the triumphal procession of Germanicus; 5. Kirchner, Verona; 7. Heinrich Hess, Apollo and the Muses; 10, 13. Ainmiller, Interior of Westminster Abbey; * 9 . K. Piloty, Seni before the corpse of Wallenstein; * 12. Schorn, The Deluge , unfinished in consequence of the death of the painter. - This and the following three rooms also contain (above ) cartoons for windows in the cathedral of Cologne and the Mariahilf-Kirche at Munich, by J. A. Fischer .III. Room. * 15 . J. A. Koch, Historical landscape, with a rainbow; 16.E, Hess, General Wrangel surprised by the Bavarians while hunting nearNew Pinakothek . MUNICH. 27. Route. 145Dachau; 17, 18. Zimmermann , Wild mountain -landscapes, the first with agroup of Centaurs attacking leopards; 19. Jacobs, Shipwreck; 20. Böcklin ,Pan among the reeds; 21. H. Hess, Florentine noblemen; 21, 28. Lange,Lake of Gosau , morning and evening; * 23. Voltz , Herd returning homewards;24 , 27. Kaulbach, The painters Heinlein and Monten in the costume worn at the procession of masked artists in 1848; * 25 . Kaulbach, Destruction of Jerusalem , a work which suggested the cycle of frescoes in the new Museum at Berlin; 26. Flüggen , A prince's ante -chamber. On the W. wall (no number), * A . Feuerbach , Battle of the giants, a sketch .IV. Room. 29. Kobell,Battle of Hanau; 31. Rugendas, Columbus land ing in America; 32. A. Kaufmann , Christ_and the Samaritan woman;

• 33 . H. Hess, Last Supper (unfinished); 34. F. Dietz, Storming of Belgrade by the Elector Max Emanuel in 1868; 36. P. Hess, King Otho of Greece entering Nauplia in 1833; 37. Weiss, Large ship, in collision with a steam boat; 38. P. Hess, King Otho entering Athens in 1835; * 39. Ed . Schleich,

Scene on the Isar; 41. J. Schraudolph, Christ healing the sick; 42. Coroënne,The Dauphin parting from Marie Antoinette in the " Temple'; *43. Navez,Women of Fondi spinning; 44. P. Hess, Battle of Austerlitz.V. Room. 45. Fischer, Entombment; 46. W. Schadow , Holy Family; 48.Schraudolph, Ascension; 61, 57, Millner,'Views of the Hohe Kampe; Zwen gauer , 53. Sunset, 55. Thé Benedictenwand; *59. Overbeck, Holy Family (1835 ); 61. H. Hess , Madonna with the four evangelists and the patron saints of the newer churches at Munich with models of the latter.VI. Room. * Rottmann, Twenty- three Greek landscapes , encaustic paint ings admirably lighted from above.We now retrace oursteps and proceed to visit the smaller rooms (be ginning from the large Room V.) .I. On the right: 65. Bosboom, Interior of the new church at Amster dam; 66. Bodenmiller, Battle of Sedan (attack of the Bavarians); 69. Mor genstern , Storm at sea; 72. Jodl, Hohenschwangau; 73. Fischbach , The Watzmann and Untersberg; 74. Stange, Ships in the Bay of Venice;

• 76 . Weller, Italian peasants passing through a Cyclopean gateway; 77.

B. Adam , Cattle -marketin the Bavarian Oberland; 86. Haushofer, Waichen see; *88 . F. Adam , Battle of Orleans , 1870; 89, 90. Kirchner , Views of the Castle of Heidelberg ,II. To the right: * 91. Morgenstern , Moor among the Vosges Mts.; 92.Vermeersch , Harbour; *93. Coignet, Temple of Pæstum; 94. Klenze, View of the Acropolis at Athens, restored; 95. Adam, Storming of the redoubts at Düppel; 96. Leys , Street in a Dutch village; Gerhardt, 98. Lion Court of the Alhambra , 99. Interior of the Church of St. Mark; 100. E. Hess,A knight entertained by Dominican monks; 104. Etzdorf, Forge in Sweden;105. Riedel, Neapolitan fisherman's family; 106. Heinlein , The Ortler;108. Rhomberg, Sledge -carver; 109. R. S. Zimmermann , Reading the news in a tavern; -110. Lichtenheld, Moonlight-night.III. Kaulbach, Coloured designs for the frescoes on the exterior of the building ( p. 144 ), some with a sarcastic reference to the patronage of art by King Lewis at Rome and Munich; the figures are portraits (litho .graphed keys accompany each picture ).IV . To the right: * 130. Kurzbauer, Rustic entertainment; 132. Schrau dolph , Draught of Fishes; 134. Gail , Palace of the Doges at Venice; 136,148. Á . Zimmermann , Winter - scenes; 137. A. Adam , Battle of Custozza in 1848; 138. Diday, The Faulhorn;139. Adam , Battle of Novara; 140, 145,149. Zimmermann, Forest- scenes; 141. Bamberger, Rocky ravine near Cuenca in Spain; 143. J. Koch , Swiss landscape; 144. Rottmann , Sicyon; * 167 . Ram berg, After dinner; 146. Jacquand , Gipsies in a court of justice; 147. A. Achenbach , Storm; 151.Wilkie, Opening the will .V. To the right: * 152. Overbeck, Two allegorical female figures, Italia and Germania; 163. Koekkoek, Sea- piece; * 155. Rottmann, Ischia; * 156 . Geyer,Corisultation of physicians; 29. Winterhalter, Portrait of Count Jenison Walworth; 157. Marco, Flight into Egypt; 158. Geyer , End of the masque rade; Riedel, * 162, 166. Italian women, 164. Judith; 163. Achenbach, In the Pontine marshes; 168-180 . Portraits of the royal family of Bavaria, by Stieler and Schrotzberg.BAEDEKER'S S. Germany . 5th Edit, 102146 Route 27. MUNICH. New Pinakothek .Thence through Room I. to the Cabinets. We begin on the right in each.1. Cabinet. 181. Lepoittevin , Brouwer painting a signboard for an inn;182. Rottmann , View of Corfu; 185. A. v. Bayer, Court of a convent;

• 186. Preyer , Still-life; * 187. Rottmann , Monreale 'near Palermo; 189. p.

Hess , Herd of horses in Walachia; 191. Schmidt, School in Holland;

• 192 . Schendel, Night-scene in the market at Antwerp; 194. E. Fries, Fall of the Liris; * 196 . L. Robert, Woman of Procida; 198. Heideck , Lion-gate of Mycenæ; * 195 . Rottmann, The Hohe Göll; 202. Schleissner, Coppersmith .

3. Cabinet. 205. Jacobs, Harbour of Constantinople; 206. D. Quaglio ,Abbey at Rouen; 210. Maes, Girl of the Campagna praying; * 193. Camp hausen, Cavaliers captured by the Roundheads; 473. Löffler , Twenty- two sketches of Oriental scenes.3. Cabinet. 219. Rottmann , Brannenburg with the Wendelstein; 202.Bayer, Hall in a monastery; * 221. Rottmann , Mt. Etna from Taormina;223. 1. Koch, Vintage- feast near Olevano; 226. Overbeck, Portrait of Vittoria Caldoni of Albano; 228. Enhuber, Family scene; 231. Beveren , A sick girl making her confession .4. Cabinet. 236. A. Achenbach , Storm on the N. Sea; 238. Wittmer,Interment of St. Catharine; 239. Bürkel, Winter - scene; 242. Heideck,Acropolis of Athens; 244. Riedel, Portrait of Naz . Trombetta , a Roman girl; 246. Gerhardt, Palace of the Inquisition at Cordova; 248. Granet,Savonarola; 224. Kuntz, Landscape with cows; 468-472. P. Hess, Forty oil sketches for the frescoes in the Arcades (p . 120 ) illustrating the Greek War of Independence; 254. H. Hess, Thorvaldsen .5. Cabinet. _ * 255 . Stieler , Goethe( 1828 ); 258. Artaria , Goingto church on Christmas Eve; 260. Rottmann, Scene from Syracuse; 251. Schaumann ,Animals; 265. Schnorr , Scene from the Nibelungenlied; 266. A. Adam,Waggoners; * 268. Hasenclever, The theological examination; * 275. Adam,Stable.6. Cabinet. 278. Gallait, Monk feeding the poor; 281. Enhuber , Sculptor;281. Wagenbauer, Landscape with cattle; 288. Aiwasowsky, Crimean coast;290. Schwind, Thesymphony.7. Cabinet. 296. P. Hess , Greek peasants on the beach; 297. Bayer,Cloisters at Berchtesgaden; 390. P. Hess, Italian family; 305. Luckx, Lace maker; 306. Moerenhout, Lady hawking; 311. Heideck, Ascent of the Acro polis at Athens.8. Cabinet. 316. Verboeckhoven, Sheep; K. Hoft, Würzburg Palace;327. Kreul, Baker's shop; 328. Bürkel, Village- street in a shower; H. Hess,Pilgrims comingin sight of the dome of St. Peter's . 9. Cabinet. 338. M. Neher , Abbey-church at Bebenhausen; 341. Fried,Blue Grotto, Capri; 342. Schleich, Thunderstorm; 345. Hagn , Concert in the park .10. Cabinet. 350. Bürkel, Roman Campagna; 351. Kirner , Volunteers from the Black Forest, 1849; 352. Bischof, The first snow; 333. Schilgen ,Rape of Helen (after Cornelius); 362. Rhomberg, Boys smoking; 364.Marr, Capuchin monk riding on an ass and praying, whilst his wine-cask leaks; 366. A. Adam , Cavalry camp; 360. Hasenclever, Conjugaldifferences.11. Cabinet. * 374 . Catel, Spanish tavern on the Ripa Grande at Rome,with portraits of the Crown Prince Lewis of Bavaria , Thorvaldsen , Catel, Schnorr, Veit, M. Wagner, and Klenze( 1824 ); 379. M.Neher, St.Veitskirche at Prague; 384. P. Hess , Twenty-three portrait-sketches ' (King Otho of Greece, etc.); 392. A.Kautmann , King Lewis when Crown Prince .12. Cabinet. 395. Stange, Burial of a Doge of Venice; 291. Aiwasowsky,St. Petersburg; 396. E. Adam , Wounded soldier with his dog; 399. P.Hess,The brigand Barbone defending himself against gendarmes; 403. Rahi,M. Wagner, the sculptor; 404,405. Riedel,Pellegrini, the singer, and his wife.13. Cabinet. 408. M. Müller , Returning from the wedding; 409. Quaglio,Cathedral of Orvieto; 411. Frey, The columns of Memnon; 413. Kirner,Fortune-teller; 414. Rottmann , The Eibsee; 415. W. Schön , Jealousy; *A.Feuerbach, Portrait of himself.14. Cabinet. 421. Fr. Adam , French soldiers at the burning of Mos cow; 422. Pfeiffer, Scarecrow; 424. Ramberg, Morning prayer; 427. Riedel,Glyptothek . MUNICH. 27. Route. 147-Mother and child; 432. R. . Zimmermann, Interior atSchleissheim; 434.Frey, The Simoom; 485. Aiwasowsky, Storm at sea; 436. A. Adam , Radetzky;437. Schleich, Landscapes. On the longer walls of all the cabinets:439-467. Views of the old town of Munich by Neher, Adam , Quaglio, etc. Antiquarium . I. Room ( to the left of the entrance-hall). Egyptian collection: sarcophagi , mummies , cippi, etc. II . ENTRANCE - HALL .Cork models of the Pantheon and the temples of Vesta at Rome and Ti voli , Ancient terracottas. 1st cabinet: * 390. Draped female figures from an Attic grave with well-preserved painting. 2nd: * 475. Perforated glass goblet from a tomb at Cologne; 486. Hermes and Latona , an archaic re lief. On the W. wall: 338, 339. Early Italian frieze. III. Room, Models in cork of the Arch of Constantine, etc. A great variety of small anti quities in the cabinets on the walls. Window -wall: * 820 . Mouldings in stone and gilded bronze nails from the treasury of Atreus at Mycene.IV. Room. In the round cabinet , gold and silver trinkets. 3rd Section:

• Gold wreath from a coffin at Armento (S. Italy ). In the cabinets on the walls, bronze implements. V. Room. 1st Table: Small bronzes; 453.

Roman military diploma;* 355. Venus loosening her sandal; * 357. Disco bolus, after Myron. 2nd Table: Silver and bronze utensils. - Long wall of entrance: Modern bronze statuettes; ancient and medieval weapons.In the Arcis -Strasse , near the new Pinakothek is situated the new Northern Cemetery (P1. D, 1; p . 156). Opposite the W. side of theold Pinakothekrisesthenew Polytechnic School (Pl . D , 2),a handsome brick edifice in the later Renaissance style, by Neu reuther. The cornice is adorned with seventy - two medallion -por traits of celebrated architects, mathematicians, and naturalists. The imposing * Staircase is worthy of inspection . The valuable technical collections are not shown except during the vacations and occasion ally on Sundays (apply to the custodian, on the ground -floor ). Inthe neighbouring Luisen - Strasse is the Art- Industrial School, which occupies the building formerly used for the Royal Stained GlassInstitution.The * Glyptothek (Pl. C, D, 2,3; adm. see p . 115), or ‘ Repository of Sculptures', contains ancient sculptures collected chiefly by Lewis I. when crown- prince, in 1805-16. The building, erected by Klenze 1816-30, is in the Ionic style , somewhat arbitrarily adapted , with a porch of eight columns; the interior is vaulted, and tends to the Roman style. The group in the tympanum, designed by Wagner of Rome, and executed by Schwanthaler and others in white marble ,represents Minerva as the protectress of the plastic art. The thirteen halls are lighted from the quadrangle in the centre . The niches in front are filled with six marble statues designed by Wagner: left, Per icles, Phidias, and Vulcan; right, Hadrian, Prometheus,and Dædalus,mythical and historical personages important in the history of sculp ture . The niches on the E. side contain marble statues of Canova,Thorvaldsen, Rauch, Tenerani , Gibson, and Schwanthaler; on the W. side Ghiberti, Donatello , Peter Vischer , Mich. Angelo , BenvenutoCellini, and Giovanni da Bologna. Each hall represents a distinct epoch of art, with which the decorations harmonise. Catalogue 2m.1. Assyrian Hall. At the entrance, two colossal lions with human heads,casts of the originals from the palace of Sardanapalus III . in the Louvre.In the hall , seven reliefs in alabaster from Kalah, afterwards Larissa,in Assyria , with winged genii , etc. , and cuneiform inscriptions.រ)>-10 *148 Route 27 . MUNICH. Glyptothek .IX.47, 48 .II. Egyptian Hall. 5, 6. Statues of priests in black marble, of a late period; 7. Recumbent sphynx , in basalt , of Roman workmanship; 13.Statue of Ra, the god of the sun, with the head of a hawk, early Egyptian;14. Portrait-statue of a man; 15. Antinous, in rosso antico, of Hadrian's time; 16. and 24. Groups of husband and wife in a sitting posture , in sandstone, the former with traces of painting; 17. Isis, and 23. Horus,of a late period; 25. Quadruple head of Brahma; 29. Head of Buddha (spe cimens of Indian art from Java ); 30. Sitting statue of a high priest, early Egyptian; 31. ( in the centre) Obelisk in syenite, of Roman origin .III. Hall of the Incunabula (Specimens of the earliest Greek and Etruscan art, executed when it was ' in cunabulis', i. e . ' in its cradle ',and copies ). 32, 33. Reliefs in bronze from an ancient Etruscan chariot from Perugia; 44. Triangular base of a candelabrum from Perugia, very an cient, embossedand rivetted;North . *41 . Apollo of Tenea, arch aic , found at the foot ofVII . 1 VIII . Small X. Acro - Corinth; 43. Fortuna,Hall of Hall of Ves- Trojan Hall of in imitation of the archaicNiobe. Gods . .tibule . Hall. Heroes . 1style, of Hadrian's time; 45.Spes, Roman, a similar work;VI. Etruscan cineraryHall of urns; 49. Head of a youth , aBacchus copy in marble of a bronze original (?); 50. Bearded Bac chus, archaic style.V. XI.Hall of COURT. Roman IV. * Æginetan Hall: Frag ments from a Temple ofMi Apollo. Hall. nerva in theisland of Ægina,found in 1811 , and of great IV. importance in the history of Æginet.Hall. 1. Assyr.art. They consist of two peHall. diment groups, representing the combats around the body 111. 111.XII.Ves- XIII. of Achilles, and that of Lao Colored Hall of Egyptian, tibule . Modern medon , the first consisting Sculp Incunab .Hall Works.of ten , the latter of five figa tures. ures,restored by Thorvaldsen. South . The proportions are admir ably accurate , but the faces destitute of expression. Asmall model of the temple on the wall above affords a convenient survey of the whole . Group on the right: 54. Hercules, 55. Dying Trojan, 56. Champions ofthe Trojans,57. Fallen warrior , 58. Youth stooping forwards. Group on the left: 59.Minerva , 60. Achilles , 61. Ajax Telamonius, 62. Teucer, 63. Ajax Oileus,64. WoundedGreek , 65. Æneas, 66. Paris, 67. Trojan kneeling, 68. Wounded Trojan. By the wall to the left, smaller fragments and an acroterial group of the temple; by the right wall, a capital.V. Hall of Apollo . 79. Ceres; 80. Bearded Bacchus; 81. Jupiter Ammon;82. Rhodian vase; 83. Head of an athlete; 86. Minerva; 87. Draped female statue ( Roman portrait- figure ); 88. Attic cinerary urn, with relief; *59.Young female head; * 90. Apollo Citharedus; 91. Head of Mars (or Achilles?); 92. Pallas, Roman copy of a bronze original; 93. Statue of Diana, Roman.VÍ . Hall of Bacchus. In the centre: -95. Sleeping satyr , the ‘Bar berini Faun '; * 96. Eirene and Plutus (formerly called Ino Leucothea ); 97.Apollo (of hermaphrodite type); 98. Silenus, copy from a Greek original in bronze; * 99 . Head of a laughing satyr; 100. Bacchanalian sarcophagus,upon it , 101. Sitting satyr, Roman copy of a Greek work in marble; * 102.Young Pan with horns, known as Winckelmann'sFaun ”; 103. Statueof Bacchus; 104. Venus, Roman; * 105, 106. Satyrs; 107. Young athlete; 108.Bacchus, late- Roman; 109. Young satyr; 111. Boy on a dolphin; 112. Ariadne;113. Diana, a good Roman work; * 114 . Silenus with the young Bacchus.Glyptothek. MUNICH. 27. Route . 149>Hecuba,By the wall to the left, 115. Nuptials of Neptune and Amphitrite, a Greek relief from the workshop of Scopas .VII. Hall of the Children of Niobe. 122. Female head (modern ); 123.Mercury; 125. Female figure in relief (Roman ); 126. Isis and Harpo crates, late Roman; * 128 . Head of Medusa (“Medusa Rondanini'); 130.Venus; * 131. Venus of Cnidos, after Praxiteles; 136. Decking of a statue,a relief; 138. Clio, admirably draped. In the centre , 140. Boy struggling with a goose; 141. Dying child of Niobe; * 142. Torso of a child of Niobe (Ilioneus), an admirable Greek original.VIII. Hall of the Gods. This and the two following rooms are adorn ed with beautiful * Frescoes by Cornelius, executed in 1820-30. Theprincipal pictures are: 1. The infernal regions , Orpheus entreating Pluto and Proserpine to restore him his wit Eurydice; 2. Marriage of Neptune and Amphitrite; Arion; Thetis; 3. Olympus; Jupiter and Juno; Hercules receives the cup of nectar from Hebe; Ganymede and the eagle. Over the doors reliefs by Schwanthaler. Small Vestibule. Minerva imparts a soul to the man formed by Prometheus; Prometheus released by Hercules;Pandora opens her casket.IX. Hall of the Trojans. Frescoes: 1. Quarrel of Achilles and Aga memnon on account of the abduction of Briseïs; 2. Contest for the body of Patroclus; 3. Destruction of Troy , with Priam , Cassandra,Æneas, and Anchises.X.' Hall of the Heroes. On the left: 149. Demosthenes; 150. Portrait head; 153. Alexander the Great; 154. Hannibal (?); 155. Hippocrates; 156 .Statue of a hunter; 157. Pericles; 158. Domitian; 160. Statue of a Greek king; 161. Xenophon (?); 162. Diomedes, after a Greek original in bronze;163. Zeno (?); 165. Athlete; 166. Socrates; * 151. (in the centre) Mercury.XI. Hall of the Romans. By the doors: 167-170 . Four Caryatides,Roman; 175. Statueof theelder Agrippina. Busts: 178. Germanicus, 180.LuciusVerus, 181. Nero, 183. Augustus, 186. Vespasian , 193. Marcus Aure lius, 198. Antoninus Pius, 199. Titus, 216. Cicero, 217. Hadrian, 219. Au gustus, 231. Lucius Verus, 236. Tiberius , 238. Vitellius (?) , 253. Cato (?),255. Commodus, 256. Antinous, 257. Lucius Verus, 260. Galba, 265. Sabina,wife of Hadrian , 266.Scipio Africanus, 268. Trajan, 272. Seneca, 282. Per tinax. On the left: 188. Sarcophagus with the Muses; 192. Septimius Seve rus, a statue; 205. Sarcophagus with the children of Niobe; 206. Reliefs from a frieze , Victories sacrificing. Statues: 209. Augustus, 226. Livia Drusilla , 223. Matidia in the character of Ceres, 249. Domitian, 264. Tibe rius, 280. Lucilla (?) . In the centre: 285 Boy with a goose, on a stand;288. Ornamental vase. Under the windows: 245, 262, 277. Pulvinaria (seats of thegods), with appropriate attributes.XII. Hall of the Coloured Sculptures. In the centre an antique mosaic;upon it, 294. Tripod, bearing (295.) a modern statuette of Silenus in bronze.

• 298 . Ceres (? ), in black and white marble; 299. Head of a satyr, an ad mirable bronze; 300. River- god, in black marble; 302. Headof an athlete,

a fine bronze; 303. Athlete, a statue in black marble; 304. Girl loosening her robe, statuette in black and white marble, a good Roman work; 306.Alexander (?); 309. Young Faun , in marble; 314. Draped female statue, in bronze.XIII. Hall of Modern Masters. In the centre, * 336 . Adonis, statueby Thorvaldsen. * 318. Paris, by Canova; 319. Sandalbinder, R. Schadow; 320.Napoleon , bust by Spalla ( 1808 ); 321. Lewis I. when crown-prince , bust by Thorvaldsen; 322. Paris, Canova; 323. Cupid and Muse, Eberhard; 324.The Russian Marshal Münnich, Eberhard; 325. Infant Christ kneeling, Al gardi; 326. Admiral Van Tromp, bust by Rauch; 327. Barbarossa, Tieck;328. Raphael (? ), a bust in terracotta (end of 15th cent. ); 329. Iffland , a bustby G. Schadow; 330. Elector Palatine Frederick the Victorious, colossal bust, Dannecker; 331. General von Heydeck , bust by Wolf; 332. Count Stolberg, colossal bust by Freund; 333. Vittoria Caldoni, ' the beauty of Albano', bust by R. Schadow; 334. Catharine II . of Russia, colossal bust by Busch; 335. Vesta, statue by Tenerani.The Exhibition Building (Pl. C, 3) , opposite the Glyptothek , in150 Route 27. MUNICH . Schack's Collection .-the Corinthian style , was completed by Ziebland 1845; in thetympanum Bavaria bestowing wreaths on artists , by Schwanthaler.It is generally used in summer for the exhibition of works byMunich artists (p . 115), most of which are for sale . The * Propylæa (P1. C , 3) , a magnificent gateway on the W. side of the square between the Glyptothek and Exhibition , an imitationof that in the Acropolis of Athens, with Doric columns on one side,and Ionic on the other , erected by Klenze , and completed in 1862,are adorned with reliefs by Schefzky , representing scenes from the Greek War of Independence and the régime of King Otho . - Onthe day after its inauguration the ex-monarch of Greece (d. 1867)returned to his native city.Count * Schack's Picture Gallery, Aeussere Brienner - Str. 19 (PI, C, 3; adm . , see p . 115), consists of admirable copies of the great Venetian and Spanish masters by Lenbach and others , and of choice modern works. It not only forms a valuable supplement to the New Pinakothek, as it includes examples of artists not there represent ed, but is probably the finest existing collection of modern German pictures. Schwind, Genelli, Feuerbach , and Böcklin are here alone adequately represented . Catalogue for the use of visitors.Opposite the entrance: * 123. Lenbach, Portrait of Count Schack.Section I. , to the left: 65. Bamberger, Evening glow in the Sierra Nevada;79. Bode, Mother and child; 199. Böheim , Two satyrs pursuing a hare;190. Böcklin , The sacred grove; 127. Marshall, Tartini's dream; 68. Bode,Alpine bride; 16. Böcklin, Ideal landscape; 141. A. Feuerbach , Idyl from Tivoli; 7. Bode, Birthday of Charlemagne; 191. Köbel, Egeria's grotto, near Rome; 194. Kraus, Minnesingers; 148. Julius Schnorr, The Erl-king; **1.Cornelius, Flight into Egypt (of his early Roman period); 75. Rottmann ,The Hintersee near Berchtesgaden; 91. Schleich , View from the Zillerthal .Section II . Copies from Titian, Palma Vecchio , Bellini, and other masters.- Section III . Spitzweg, 72. Leave-taking, 73. Turkish café, 111. Serenade,112. Hypochondriac; Rottmann , 67. Greek landscape, 99. Mountain - lake;188. Gerhard , The Alhambra by moonlight; 29. Neureuther, Cornelius festival; 35. Kirchner, Verona; * 104 . Feuerbach, Hafiz at the fountain; 34 .A. Zimmermann, Lake of Como; * 30 . Neureuther, Reminiscence of the Villa Mills; 129. Lenbach, Study of a head; 64. Werner , Interior of a church;70. Gerhard , Palazzo Vendramin by night; 152-154 . Rottmann , Views in Rome; 49. Feuerbach, Madonna and Child; 57. Zwengauer , The Kochelsee;66. Gerhard , Palazzo Moro at Venice. - Section IV. 51. Stange, Piazza in Veniceby moonlight; 18. Gerhard , Court of the Lions at the Alhambra;203. Bamberger, Sierra Nevada; 244. Siderowicz, Night - scene; 146. Catel,Taormina; 37. Kirchner, Piazza of St. Mark; Kahl , 186. old man , 167.Study of a female head; 105. Feuerbach, Mother and children at a well;

• 36 . Bamberger, Gibraltar; 58. Millner , The Gosau- See; 145. Morgenstern ,

Villafranca; 24. Steinle, Watchman; 204. Bamberger , Bridge at Toledo;19. Morgenstern , Beach at Heligoland . SECTION V. (lighted from the roof ). Copies from Titian , Michael Angelo , Giorgione, G. Bellini, Sebastian del Piombo , Paris Bordone , Paolo Veronese , and Tintoretto. WALLfacing the cabinets or sections , beginning opposite Section V. 44. Steinle,Violin player; 205. Bamberger, Granada; 33. Neureuther, Madonna; 69.Bamberger, Spanish landscape; ' 41. Zimmermann, Winter - scene by night;113. Fries , Scene in the Sabine Mts.; 8. Wislicenus, Fancy borne by the Dreams; 17. Rottmann , The fountain of Callirrhoë near Athens; 80. Spitz weg, Herdswomen on an alp; 19. Morgenstern , Rocky coast by moonlight;61. J. Koch, Brick -kiln near Olevano; * 150. H. Hess, Thorvaldsen; 12.A. Zimmermann, Golgotha at the time of the Crucifixion; 86. Feuerbach ,Basilica , MUNICH. 27. Route. 151Children bathing; 47. Larson , The midnight-sun in Norway; 87. Feuer bach, Roman woman; 156. Rottmann, Greek coast; 193. Schweinfurt, Italian landscape; 31. Neureuther , Nun (from Uhland ); 40.Henneberg, TheWild Huntsman; Schleich , 13. Starnberger See , 91. Alp in the Zillerthal; 28.Feuerbach , Francesca da Rimini and Paolo; 38. Ross, Grotto of Egeria,near Rome; 39. Millner, The Obersee; 195. Drieber, Sappho on the sea -shore;88. Muhr, Gypsies in the Puszta; 32. Neureuther , Dream ofRezia ( from Wieland's "Oberon "); 27. Ludwig , Forest- scene; 56. Stange, The evening,bell. – On the Staircase: 243. M. v. Beckerath, Burial of Alaric, King of the Goths, in the river Busento.First Floor. Room I. Left: M. 0. Schwind , 21, 166, 22. Scenes from fables and fairy -tales; 162-165 . Morning , Noon , Evening, Night; 23. Hero and Leander; 25 . nit - Room II. M. v. Schwind: 130. Forest-chapel;176. Cavalier in a wood; 177. The Danube; 78. The captive's dream; 178.The return home; * 179. Wedding - trip; 158. Duel by night; 167. Youth in a wood; 181. Morning -prayer; 174. Crusader's return; 170, 161, 60,160, 168 , 157, 110, 159, 171, 177.Scenes from fairy -tales and legends.R. III. Copies by Lenbach, from Titian, Murillo, Velazquez, etc. — R.IV.On the left, 109. Steinle, Lorelei; 53. Neureuther , Reminiscence of Villa Malta; Genelli, 50.Vision of Ezekiel, 76. Abraham receiving the promise of a son; 6. Schwind, Return of Count Gleichen from the Crusades; 48.Lenbach , Shepherd -boy asleep; Böcklin , 82. Villa on the sea-shore, 90. Old Roman tavern, 83. Nymph listening to boys performing music, 117. Villa on the sea , 116. The shepherd's complaint, 231. Nereid; 43. Marées, Watering horses; 10. Feuerbach , Pietà; Böcklin, 52. Shepherdess, 211. Wild rocky scene; * 100. C. Piloty , Columbus; 139. Hagn , Italian garden; Böcklin , 215.Autumn-landscape , 219. Italian villa in spring , 14. Pan frightening ashepherd; 9. Feuerbach, Laura at mass at Avignon , watched by Petrarch;209. Böcklin , Murderer pursued by the furies; 115. Lindenschmidt, The fisherman (Goethe); 128. Lenbach, Portrait of a woman; 85. Feuerbach,Ariosto's garden; 17. Böcklin , Hermit; 216. M. Schmidt, Scene near Nice;103. A. Zimmermann , The Blocksberg scene from “ Faust; 89. Gerhard,View at Granada. — R. V. On the left: 42. Preller, Farewell of Calypso;138. Genelli, Bacchus and the Muses; 20. Preller, Leucothea; Führich , * 7.Promulgation of Christianity in Germany , 5. Death of St. John Nepomuk;

• 2. Genelli, Hercules at the court of Omphale; 131. Steinle, Adam and Eve;

Genelli, 102. Composition for the curtain of a theatre, *3. Rape of Europa,

• 4. Lycurgus fighting with Bacchus and Bacchantes; 11. Steinle , Lorelei.

The Bronze Foundry (Pl . B, 1; adm . see p . 115) , with Collection of Models, in the Erzgiesserei - Str . , Maximilian - suburb, enjoys ahigh reputation. It was founded by Stiglmayer (d. 1844 ), and is now under the superintendence of his nephew Ferd. v . Miller. The Museum contains the original models of all the statues cast in the establishment.A little farther to the N.W. , on the road to Dachau , is the Royal Arsenal, with the new Military Museum , containing a col lection of arms and banners of the 15-19th centuries ( adm ., see p. 114 ). In front of the central part of the building are 42 cannons and 4 mortars , including several ancient guns with elaborate ornamentation,The * Basilica of St. Boniface ( Pl. C, 3 ), an admirable imitation of an ancient Italian basilica of the 5th or 6th cent. , was erected by Ziebland, and completed in 1850. Nave 85 ft., four aisles 46 ft . in height. The sixty-six columns, supporting round arches, are mono liths of grey Tyrolese marble with bases and capitals of white marble .Beams of the roof richly gilded . On the right of the entrance is a152 Route 27 MUNICH.Rathhaus.sarcophagus of light-brown marble , the burial -place of Lewis I. ( d.1868 ) and his Queen Theresa (d. 1854). The choir, the side-altars,the spaces between the windows, and the walls of the nave are de corated with fine frescoes by Hess and his pupils Schraudolph and Koch , representing scenes from the life of St. Boniface and numerous Bavarian saints. Above the columns in the nave , between the arches , are thirty-four medallion-portraits of the popes from Julius III . to Gregory XVI. The pulpit stands on rails , by means of which its position can be altered at pleasure . Adjoining the choir of the church is situated a Benedictine monastery, the refectory of which is adorned with a fresco of the * Holy Eucharist by Hess.The Botanical Garden (Pl . C, 3,4; adm . , see p. 115), opposite the Basilica , entered from the Sophien-Str. , near the chemical labora tory, contains a large fresh -water aquarium (Victoria Regia , etc. ),a palm- house , botanical museum , etc. In the Sophien - Str., opposite the Botanical Garden, is situated theCrystal Palace (Pl. C, 4),or Industrial Exhibition , erected in 1854 , and employed for various exhibitions and festivities. It is 765 ft . in length , and the central part is 75 ft. high, The Sophien - Str. leads hence to the left to the rail way- station , and to the right to the Maximilians - Platz and Karls-Platz,->>The Marien - Platz (Pl . E , 5), the central point of the old town of Munich, is adorned with the Column of St. Mary , erected in 1638 by Maximilian I. from a design by Peter Candid , in com memoration of the victory on the Weisse Berg (p . 274 ), and crowned with a statue of the Virgin , as the tutelary saint of Bavaria; four genii at the corners contend against a viper , basilisk , lion , and dragon (emblems of plague , war , famine, and heresy).The Old Rathhaus (Pl . E, 5) on the E. side of the Platz was restored in 1865. The tower, beneath which runs the road to the Thal (p . 155), is adorned with ' stereochromatic' paintings by Seitz .The gables in front are embellished with zinc statues of Henry the Lion and Lewis the Bavarian . The great hall contains Schwan thaler’s models of the statues in the Throne-room (p . 119) . Onthe N. side of the Platz , at the corner of the Diener- Strasse , is the * New Rathhaus (Pl . 85) , a handsome Gothic edifice constructed of brick with stone facings, by Hauberrisser. The façade turned towards the Marien-Platz is 160 ft ., that on the Diener-Strasse 230 ft. long.The central part of the former, 60 ft . in width, projects beyond the rest of the building and is surmounted by a lofty gable. Above, on the balcony in front of the second story, are four statues by A. Hess,representing the civic virtues of Industry , Thrift, Courage, and Cha rity . Below the portal, to the left, are two tablets, with handsome bronze trophies , placed here in 1875 in memory of the natives of Munich who fell in the war of 1870-71 . The vestibule is adorned with mural paintings by Seitz , in four groups , representing the different professions. The spacious Council Chamber, on the secondFrauenkirche. MUNICH. 27. Route. 153->floor, contains a large allegorical * Picture by Piloty, with numerous figures, illustrating the history of Munich. The Magistrates' Room,on the same floor, is adorned with handsome stained - glass windows representing the principal branches of civic government, executed from designs by R. Seitz . The beautifully -carved wooden ceiling,the magnificent chandelier , the tasteful brazen railing , the fine mantelpiece , and the portrait of Lewis II. (by Lenbach) are also worthy of inspection. To the left on the ground -floor is the Guard House. The Rathskeller (p. 112; entrance from the Diener- Str. ),in the unk floor, is adorned with mural and ceiling paintings.In front of the Rathbaus rises the * Fischbrunnen , a handsome fountain by Knoll , the figures on which contain allusions to an old Munich custom termed the ‘ Metzgersprung' .The Kaufinger- Str. and Neuhauser- Str . lead from the MarienPlatz to the right to the Karlsthor and the station . To the right isthe Frauen - Platz, in which stands the * Frauenkirche (Pl . E, 5) , or Church of Our Lady, the cathedral of the Archbishopric of Munich and Freising, a brick edifice (357 ft.long, 131 ft. broad) in the late -Gothic style, erected 1468-88 . The uncompleted towers , 357 ft. high , are covered with unsightly, hel met- shaped roofs .INTERIOR. The nave and aisles are of equal height ( 122 ft.), supportedby twenty -two slender octagonal pillars; rich groined vaulting; high altar piece with the Coronation of Mary, in carved wood, by Knabl , and paintings on the wings by Schwind. The archiepiscopal throne and pulpit, forming acontinuation of the ancient choir- stalls, are by Knabl . Most of the modern side- altars are by Sickinger. In the nave is the * Monument of Emp. Lewis the Bavarian ( d . 1347), erected in 1625 by Elector Maximilian I., a catafalque in dark marble, with figures and decorations in bronze; four knights at the corners act as guardians of the tomb; at the side are statues of the Wittels bach princes Albert V. and William V.; an admirable brass of the 15th cent.is inserted in the pedestal , which is open at the sides. The figures over the stalls were carved in the 15th cent. (12 Prophets and 12 Apostles). Thelarge Turkish flag on a pillar of the nave (1. ) was captured by Elector Max Emanuel at Belgrade in 1688. Under the organ is a relief-monument to Bishop Gebsattel, by Schwanthaler; from a spot here in the shape of a foot print every one of the thirty windows of the church is entirely concealed.The Promenaden - Platz (PI. D, E, 4), situated a little way to the N. of the cathedral, is adorned with five statues . In the centre Elector Max Emanuel ( d. 1726; Pl. 18), 'the conqueror of Belgrade';to the left the historian Westenrieder (d. 1829) and the composer Gluck (d . 1787); to the right the Bavarian Minister Kreitmayr (d. 1790) , and the composer Orlando diLasso (d . 1590 ), properly Roland de Lattre , a Fleming. Gluck’s monument is by Brugger, Kreitmayr's by Schwanthaler; the others by Widnmann . From this Platz the traveller returns by the Weite Gasse to the Neuhauser Str., at the corner of which is situated the Court Church of St. Michael (Pl . D, 5 ), erected in 1583 in the Roman Renaissance style, with imposing vaulting, formerly a church of the Jesuits . The front is adorned with a St. Michael in bronze,designed by Candid , in a gilded niche . The transept contains the154 Route 27 .Academy. MUNICH .

• Monument of Eugene Beauharnais (d . 1824) , Duke of Leuchten berg , and once vice- king of Italy , erected by his widow (d . 1851),

daughter of the King of Bavaria, executed in marble by Thorvaldsen;Eugene is represented as a Greek hero , with a wreath of laurels in his hand, on the right the Muse of history , on the left the genii of death and immortality; above is his motto ' Honneur et Fidélité .

• Church -music, see p . 116 .

The old Jesuits' College , adjoining St. Michael's Church, containsthe Academy of Science ( Pl. D , 5 ), which possesses some very valuable collections (adm . see p. 114 ). That of *Fossils is probably the most comprehensive in Europe; the specimens from the animal kingdom are arranged zoologically, those of plants geologically. The Collection of Minerals also deserves inspection. The GeognosticCabinet and the Zoological- Zootomical Collection have recently beenextended . The Collection of Physical and Optical Instruments is interesting , especially to the scientific. The Cabinet of Coins contains 20,000 Greek specimens.The Neuhauser- Strasse is terminated by the Karlsthor (PI.D , 5) .Outside the gate is the Karls - Plats , from which the Schützen Strasse leads direct to the Railway Station . On the right side of the Platz stands the Hôtel Bellevue (p . 111 ) , which is embellished with * Frescoes by C. Schraudolph. Farther to the N. , at the corner of the Maximilians-Platz, is a Statue of Goethe, designed by Widn mann, and erected by Lewis II . in 1869. (At the other end of the Maximilians - Platz (Pl . D, 4 ) is the statue of Schiller, mentioned at p . 127.) The Botanical Garden is in the vicinity (p. 152). On the S. side of the Dult (or Maximilians) Platz rises the Herzog -Max- Burg ( P ). D, 4), erected by Duke William V. in 1579 , and frequently the residence of the Dukes of Bavaria . It is now occupied by com missioners for the payment of the national debt and a military academy. - In the vicinity , Pfandhaus - Strasse 7, is the handsome building of the Art- Industrial Institution , or Kunstgewerbeverein (Pl . D, 4; adm . , see p. 112 ), in the Renaissance style; the exhi bition-rooms, sale -rooms, and large hall are all worth inspection .From the Karls - Platz the broad Sonnen - Strasse, planted with trees, runs towards the S. to the Sendlinger Thor. At the beginning of this street is situated the Protestant Church(Pl. C, 5 ), open only on Sundays during service (at 8 , 10, and 3 o'clock). The ceiling is adorned with an Ascension by Hermann of Dresden. ( There is another Protestant church in the Gabelsberger-Strasse , near the Amalien- Str. , Pl. E, 3) In the vicinity is the Schwanthaler Museum (Pl.C, 5; adm. , see p.115), Schwanthaler Str. 90 , containing models of almost all the works of the talented and prolific sculptor Ludwig v . Schwanthaler (d . 1848 ), bequeathed by him to the Academy of Art.Farther onin the Sonnen - Strasse (No. 16) is the Maternity Hos pital (Pl. C, 6) , a neat brick structure. The Sendlinger - Thor>>Isarthor . MUNICH. 27. Route. 155>2>Platz ( Pl. C, 6 ) is adorned with a colossal bust of Alois Senefelder,the inventor of lithography, by Zumbusch . To the W. , beyond the Sendlinger Thor , are the extensive General Hospital, the Patho logical Institute, and the Anatomy Building, containing important anatomical and physiological collections (adm ., see p. 114 ). To the S. are the Cemeteries (p. 156) . Near the S. Railway Station are the municipal Slaughter House and Cattle Market ( Pl. C , 8 ) , erectedby Zenetti in 1876-78 at a cost of 250,0001. and covering 9 acres of ground (adm . , see p . 115).The busy Sendlinger - Strasse leads back to the Marien - Platz towards the N.E. To the left, Färbergraben 24, is the * Aquarium ( Pl. D, 5; adm . , see p . 114) , which , besides salt and fresh -water fishes, contains a collection of birds, monkeys, etc. ( Restaurant.)Proceeding towards the E. from the Marien - Platz (p. 152) , the tra veller passes through an archway beneath the tower of the Rath haus ,and enters the broad street called the Thal. On the right , at the be ginning of it , rises the Church of the Holy Ghost, on the other side of which lies the Victual Market (Pl. E, 5 , 6) . At the farther end of the latter is the extensive Corn Hall (Getreidehalle, or Schranne;Pl . D, E, 6) , a modern structure 525 yds . in length , with lateral halls and corner-pavilions covered with glass. In the Heumarkt,between the Corn Hall and the Sendlinger-Str. , is the Landwehr Arsenal, containing the Maillinger Art - Historical Collection , il lustrative of the history of Munich (adm. , see p. 115 ).The E. termination of the Thal is formed by the Isarthor ( Pl. F, 6), a mediæval structure , restored by Lewis I. in 1835,and adorned with frescoes by Neher. The principal scene is the Entry of Emp. Lewis the Bavarian after the Battle of Ampfing; on the lateral towers are the armorial bearings of the nobles and the towns who fought on his side . In the Zweibrücken- Str. , beyond the gate , are the spacious Cavalry Barracks, on the bank of the Isar .Opposite them , on one of the last houses on the left near the Isar Bridge, is an inscription with regard to the source and course of the Isar , designed for the instruction of the natives. The modern Ludwigs- Brücke ( Pl. G, 6, 7), further on, affords a good survey of the Maximilians- Brücke and the Maximilianeum.The * Mariahilfkirche (PI.F, 8), or Auer-Kirche, the church of the suburb Au, situated at the S. end , was erected in 1830-39 by Ohlmüller in the earliest Gothic style . Contrary to the rules of the style, the tower rises from the roof instead of independently. The façade and open tower (290 ft.) are constructed of grey sandstone,the remainder of the edifice of brick; over the portal, the Virgin by Schwanthaler . Tesselated roof, resembling an embroidered carpet.The *Stained Glass which fills the lofty windows, designed by Schrau dolph , Fischer, etc. , under the superintendence of Hess, represents scenes from the life of the Virgin. The altars and walls of the aisles are de corated with carved wood by Schönlaub. The many- coloured pulpit was executed in wood by Entres from the design of Ohlmüller. Beneath the1>7156 Route 27 . MUNICH . English Garden .organ-loft are two memorials in bronze with reliefs alluding to theorigin of the church . In that on the right Lewis I. is represented in the act of receiving the plan of the church from the architect, beside whom are Hess and Ainmüller; that on the left, containing numerous portraits, is dedicated to the artists and builders employed in the construction and embellishment of the edifice.The Church of St. John (Pl . H, 6), in the suburb Haidhausen, is another modern Gothic structure , erected in 1863; central tower 320, side-towers 128 ft . high . The interior is tastefully decorated .The shortest way back from the Auer Kirche into the town is by the wooden Reichenbach Bridge (Pl. E, 8 ). In the Gärtner - Platz (Pl . E , 6 , 7 ) , which is embellished with statues of Gärtner and Klenze, is the Gärtner - Platz Theatre, mentioned at p. 114.The * Bavaria and Hall of Fame, or Ruhmeshalle (Pl . A, 7), aresituated 11/4 M. to the S.W. of the Karlsthor, at the extremity of the Theresienwiese. The colossal statue of Bavaria, in bronze, designed by Schwanthaler, measures 69 ft . to the top of the wreath which thefigure holds aloft. It may be ascended , by an iron spiral staircase of sixty steps, for the sake of the extensive view obtained in clearweather through apertures in the head . The Hall of Fame, a Doric colonnade with projecting wings, designed by Klenze, and completed in 1853 , contains busts of eighty Bavarian notabilities, among them Francis v . Sickingen , Jean Paul Richter, Schwanthaler, the philo sopher Schelling, Klenze, Cornelius, etc. (custodian's fee 40 pf. ) . The * Southern Cemetery (Pl . C, D, 7 , 8) of Munich, outsidethe Sendlinger Thor, surpasses all the other burial-grounds of Ger many in the artistic taste displayed in its monuments. The new arcades on the S. side also give it a very imposing appearance .From the latter the New Cemetery (Pl . C, 8) is entered, surrounded by arcades in the style of the Italian 'campi santi '. The first graves on the right and left are those of Schwanthaler and Gärtner , thetwo greatest contributors to the splendour of modern Munich . Manyother eminent men are also interred here .The Northern Cemetery , in the Arcis- Strasse (Pl . D , 1) , not far from the New Pinakothek, contains as yet few important monu ments . In the centre is a fine marble * Crucifix by Halbig; and in the arcades , opposite the main entrance, is a Romanesque chapel .ENVIRONS. The * English Garden ( Pl . F, G, H, 1 , 2, 3) , a park of 600 acres in extent, originally laid out by Count Rumford, cele brated for his experiments regarding the nature of heat, with fine old trees, and watered by two arms of the Isar , affords delightful walks in summer. Not far from the entrance is the Dianabad . Farther on is the Monopteros, a small temple erected by Lewis I.; then the Chinese Tower ( café ) and the small lake of Kleinhesselohe ( Restaurant ), used for boating. At the N. end of the English Garden is the Aumeister, a favourite restaurant.To the E. of the Chinese Tower is a bridge leading from the English Garden across the Isar Canal and the Isar to Bogenhausen>BRUCK. 28. Route. 157( Pl. J>, 2; Inn) , on the right bank of the Isar , near which is the Observatory ( adm . see p . 115), with excellent astronomical instru ments by Fraunhofer and Reichenbach. Pleasant walks laid out by King Max II. , affording picturesque views of the town and the distant Alps, lead hence along the Gasteig , as the right bank of the river is here called , to the Maximilianeum (p . 126) and the Ludwigs Brücke (p . 155).The Nymphenburg , founded in 1663 , and once a favourite château of Max Joseph I. , 3 M. to the W. ofMunich (cab , see p. 108 ), is surrounded by well-kept grounds containing fine hot houses ( numerous Brazilian plants). The Amalienburg in the park is a pretty structure in the Renaissance style . In the vicinity is aPorcelain Manufactory, formerly belonging to the king , but now in private hands . About 1/2 M. distant is the Deer Park , where tame stags and white deer are kept.The château of Schleissheim (Schlosswirth; Restaurant zumBergl), a station on the Ratisbon railway (p . 111 , reached in 23-30 min .; fares 1 m. 15, 75, 50 pf. ), erected by Elector Max Emanuel at the end of the 17th cent. , possesses a pleasant garden , a picturegallery, etc. (in the lower rooms, early German and Italian masters,open 10-1; in the upper, Dutch, etc .; open 2-5) .Grosshesselohe, another point to which excursions are frequently made, may be reached by railway in 20 min. ( fares 90 , 60, 40 pf.). Visitors cross the handsome bridge over the Isar to (1 M.) the Menterschwaige (Restaurant). The bridge affords a good view of Munich, with the deep and broad valley of the Isar below . Pleasant walk to the Grosshesseloher Bräuhaus, ascending from the station by a footpath to the left on the left bank ( 10 min.); another down the footpath to the left near the bridge, to the ( 10 min. ) Berrein (Restaurant) . The château of Schwaneck ,erected by Schwanthaler , is reached from the Bräuhaus after a walkof 1/4 hr. through wood; * View from the tower. Pullach (Inn) is a prettily situated village, 1/2 M. farther.Lake of Starnberg, see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.28. From Munich to Lindau.137 M. RAILWAY ( Bairische Staatsbahn ) in 51/3-8 hrs. (fares 17 m. 70 ,11 m. 75, 7m. 55 pf. , express fares 20 m. 15, 14 m . 20 pf., 10 m. ) . Munich, see p .111. Soon after leaving the station we see on the right the park and château of Nymphenburg (see above). 5 M. Pasing is the junction for the lines to Augsburg (R. 25) and Starnberg. After crossing the Würm and passing Aubing , the train enters the boggy Dachauer Moos. 15 M. Bruck (1735 ft.; Marthabräu; Post), or Fürstenfeldbruck , pleasantly situated in the Amperthal, is visited for its river -baths. Near it is the suppressed Cistercian abbey of Fürst enfeld. Emp. Lewis the Bavarian died here while hunting in 1347.The train traverses the Schöngeisinger Wald and reaches (20 M. )Grafrath, with its pilgrimage -church . To the left a pleasing glimpse is obtained of the Ammersee, with Andechs and the château of See feld; the Alps are visible in the distance . 24M . Türkenfeld; 281/2M .158 Route 28. KEMPTEN. From MunichSchwabhausen; 311/2M . Epfenhausen . The train crosses the Lech,and arrives at (35 M.) Kaufering (1939 ft.).BRANCH -LINE in 12 min. to ( 3 M.)Landsberg(Glocke; Hahn ), anancient town on the Lech , with 4500 inhabitants. The late - Gothic Liebfrauen kirche was founded in 1498 . The Rathhaus , which has been recently restored, is embellished with frescoes by Piloty. Another BRANCH - Line leads N. across the Lechfeld , in 14/4 hr. to (14 M.) Bobingen, on the Augs burg and Buchloe Railway (see below) .Near (38 M.) name passed the left. _- 421), M. Buchloe (RailRestaurant . "; "Hôtel Ensslin,near the station ), the junction of the lines to Augsburgand Memmingen.FROM AUGSBURG TO BUCHLOE, 25 M. , railway in 50 min. to 14/4 hr.; fares 3 m. 20 , 2 m. 10, 1 m. 35 pf. (from Augsburg to Lindau in 5-8 hrs.; 15 m. 40, 10 m . 25, 6 m, 60 pf.). The line traverses the Lechfeld , the plain between the Wertach and Lech , where Otho I. defeated the Hungarians in 955. Near station Inningen, to the right, beyond the Wertach, rises the Wellenburg, a château of Prince Fugger. Stations Bobingen (branch -line to Kaufering and Landsberg , see above), Grossaitingen, Schwabmünchen (amanufacturing place) , Westereringen . The line then crosses the Gennach,and reaches Buchloe.From BUCHLOE TO MEMMINGEN , 29 M., railway in 11/2 hr . (3 m. 80,2 m. 50 , 1 m. 60 pf.). Beyond Wiedergeltingen the train crosses the Wert ach and reaches Türkheim . 12 M. Mindelheim , an old town with 3000 inhab .; in the church is the tomb of Georg von Frundsberg (d . 1528 ).Stations Stötten, Sontheim , Ungerhausen, Memmingen, see p. 19.The train now enters the broad valley of the Wertach . 461/2 M. Beckstetten; 50 M. Pforzen. Beyond the river is the monastery ofIrrsee, now a lunatic asylum . The background of the landscape is here formed by imposing mountains, among which the Zugspitze (9761 ft .), the Hochplatte (9837 ft .), and the Säuling (6683 ft .)are conspicuous .Before reaching (541/2 M.) Kaufbeuren (2241 ft.; Sonne; Hirsch ),an ancient town, the line crosses the Wertach , and threads its way between densely wooded hills. 58 M. Biessenhofen (Post; branch line to Oberdorf); 61 M. Ruderatshofen; 691/2 M. Aitrang . A deep cutting now carries the line through the watershed between the Wertach and the Iller. 691/2 M. Günzach, with an ancient monastery converted into a brewery, is the culminating point ( 2772ft.) of the line; fine view of the Günzthal; to the right Obergünzburg .The line descends , at first through wood , and then through atract of pasture-land and peat-moss. 76 M. Wildpoldsried; 771/2 M. Betzigau . The Iller is crossed . 811/2 M. Kempten (2287ft.; * Krone,Post, in the new town; Krone, Hase, in the old town; * Algäuer Hof, Deutscher Kaiser, at the station ), the capital of the Algäu,picturesquely situated on the Iller, which here becomes navigable for rafts , was a free town of the empire down to 1803. It contains 13,700 inhab . , and consists of two portions, the Neustadt, or new town , on the high ground near the station, and the Altstadt, or old town, on the Iller. In the Residenz-Platz in the Neustadt stands the old Palace of the once powerful Prince-Abbots of Kempten , built in the 18th cent.; the 'Fürstensaal contains a series of portraits of the abbots . Adjoining is the handsome Abbey Church, with a dome>to Lindau. IMMENSTADT. 28. Route. 159in the Italian style ( 1652). The most interesting buildings in theAltstadt are the Rathhaus, lately restored, and the Protestant Church in the St. Mang-Platz . In front of the Real- Schule is a War Monument, commemorating the events of 1870–71 .To the S. of the town, between the station and the Iller, rises the * Burghalde, a hill with remains of ancient fortifications (reached from the station in 10 min.; restaurant and grounds) , once the site of the Roman fort Campodunum , and affording a fine view of the Algäu Alps.FROM KEMPTEN TO Ulm , railway viâ Memmingen in 4 hrs. , being the direct route from Stuttgart'to the Algäu, Hohenschwangau, etc. , see p. 19.From Kempten to Füssen and Reutte, see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.Beyond Kempten the line follows the left bank of the Iller.Finest views to the left . It should be observed that at Kempten the engine is transferred to the opposite end of the train , which now proceeds in the reverse order. The valley gradually contracts.Beyond ( 85 M.) Waltenhofen ( 2362 ft .) the Nieder- Sonthofer See (2240ft .) is seen onthe right, at the footof the Staffelberg (3900 ft . ).88 M. Oberdorf. The line approaches the Iller . To the left is the green and sharp - edged Grünten (5732 ft.).95 M. Immenstadt (2362 ft.; * Kreuz or Post; Hirsch; Traube,with beer-garden ), a manufacturing town of 2500 inhab ., is charm ingly situated on both banks of the Steigbach , at the point where ithas forced its way between the Immenstadter Horn (5050 ft. ) and the Mittag ( 4688 ft.), near the junction of the Konstanzer Ach with the Iller. On the E. rises the isolated and picturesque Grünten,while the background is formed by the Daumen , the Geishorn , andother Algäu mountains.From Immenstadt to Sonthofen and Oberstdorf, ascent of the Stuiben ,the Grünten, etc. , see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.The train now turnsto the W., and reaches the village of Bühl,on the Alpsee ( 2355 ft.; 21/2 M. long), along the N. bank of which the line runs . We are next carried through the pleasant Konstanzer Thal, flanked with green hills, to (102 M.)Thalkirchdorf, and thence up a steep gradient to ( 1051/2M .) Oberstaufen ( 2598 ft.; * Büttner ),the watershed between the Danube and the Rhine . At the end ofa short tunnel, just before Oberstaufen is reached, and at several points beyond it , the train commands striking views of the pro found Weissachthal, the wooded mountains of Bregenz, and the snow - clad peaks of Appenzell beyond . From Oberstaufen to the Lake of Constance the line descends 1300 ft .Beyond (110 M.) Harbatzhofen the valley is traversed by the Rentershofener Damm , an embankment 640 yds. in length , and 192ft. in height. 114 M. Röthenbach ( 2319 ft .; Kolb ). Before reaching ( 123 M.) Hergatz (where peat is extensively dug ), we obtain another view of the Appenzell mountains. 128 M. Schlach ters; 132 M. Oberreitnau . The line skirts the Hoierberg (see be low ), and then turns towards the S.E. A beautiful view is now obtained , embracing the Lake of Constance , on the left Bregenz,in the foreground Lindau, and beyond it the luxuriant green moun160 Route 28 . LINDAU.>>7tains of St. Gallen and Appenzell , and in the background the Kamor , Hohe Kasten , Altmann, and Sentis . A long embankment then carries the line across an arm of the lake to the island onwhich Lindau is situated .137 M. Lindau . *BAYRISCHER HOF, on the lake, near the station ,R. and L. 2 m . , D. 3 m ., B. 80, A. 60 pf.; *HÔTEL REUTEMANN; BADHÔTEL;KRONE , or Post, R. 11/2 m. , ' B. 80 pf.; LINDAUER HoF; Sonne; all these are on the quay. Helvetia, moderate; Pension GĀRTCHEN AUF DER MAUER, on the mainland. - Restaurant Greiner , Maximilians-Str.; Schützen garten , a restaurant with view; adjacent, Küpflin's wine-saloon; Rail.Restaurant. Lake Baths on the N.W. side of the town .Lindau (1306 ft . ), formerly a free imperial town and fortress,and in the middle ages an important commercial place , lies on an island in the Lake of Constance, about 350 yds . from the mainland ,with which it is connected by the railway- embankment and awooden bridge . It has recently come into notice as a summer-resort and bathing- place . The Romans under Tiberius defeated the Vin delici , a Celtic tribe, in a naval battle on the lake , and founded afort on this island , of which the ancient tower by the bridge ( the so-called Heidenmauer) is a remnant. On the quay is a statue of King Max II . in bronze , erected in 1856. At the end of the S.pier is a large lion in marble, and on the opposite pier a handsome lighthouse ( view; tickets at the Custom House, 1 m. ).Excursions . Pleasant walk on the W. bank of the lake (crossing the railway - embankment to the left), to the ( 11/2 M.) Schachenbad (Pension Freihof), charmingly situated on the lake , and the (3/4 M.)Lindenhof, or Villa Gruber, with a beautiful park , hot-houses, etc. (admission Tues. and Frid. free , on other days 1 m .; closed on Sundays) . - Beautiful viewfrom the ( 3/4 hr. ) * Hoierberg ( 1496 ft. ) , which is reached either by the footpath parallel withtherailway , or by the carriage-road leadingfrom the Landthor through Aeschach ( Schlatter ) to the hamlet of Hoiren at the foot of the vine- clad hill . Two inns and a Belvedere at the top.From Lindau to Bregenz ( the Gebhardsberg, Pfänder , etc. ) , see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.The Lake of Constance ( 1306 ft. ) is about 42 M. in length , 8 M. in width , and at the deepest place (between Friedrichshafen and Arbon ) 912 ft. in depth. Its principal feeder is the Rhine, the deposits of which have formed a broad delta at its influx between Bregenz and Rorschach . The river emerges from the lake at Constance. This vast sheet of water, with its picturesque and well- peopled banks, its green and wooded hills on the S. side, and the view it commands of the distant snow -mountains , presents a very striking scene to the traveller approaching the Alps for the first time.The principal places on the lake are Friedrichshafen, Lindau , Bregenz,Rorschach , Romanshorn , Constance, Meersburg, Ueberlingen , and Ludwigs hafen , between which steamboats run at least once a day. On the more important routes the communication is more frequent. Thus between Lindau and Rorschach ( 1 hr. ) , Lindau and Romanshorn (14/2 hr. ) , Frie drichshafen and Rorschach ( 11/4 hr. ) , Friedrichshafen and 'Romanshorn ( 1 hr. ), and Friedrichshafen and Constance (1/2 hr.) there are 4-6 trips daily. The lake being neutral, passengers' luggage is liable to examination at the custom- bouse wherever they land; but those proceeding from one German port to another may avoid the formality by obtaining a ticket for their luggage on starting. The banks of the lake belongto five different states, viz . Bavaria, Wurtemberg, Baden, Switzerland , and Austria . (See Baedeker's Switzerland, and comp. p . 39 ).?16129. From Munich to Salzburg.95 M.Railway in 54/4-63/4 hrs .; fares 12 m. 25, 8 m . 15, 5 m. 25 pf.; ex press 13 m . 95 , 9 m. 85 pf . ( express to Vienna in 13 hrs.; fares 46 m. 60 ,34 m. 45 pf.). Travellers coming from Austria to Münich should not omit to change their paper money for gold and silver.The direct railway to Rosenheim by Grafing presents few attractions . Beyond the ( 21/2M.) Munich S. Station, the train crosses the Isar and reaches the (6 M.) Munich E. Station, where the Simbach Braunau line branches off to the left (p.162); to the right, a distant view of the Alps. Stations Trudering, Haar, Zorneding, Kirchseeon,all unimportant. 231/2 M. Grafing is a considerable place , 11/2 M. from the railway . Between stations Assling and Ostermünchen thebroad dale of the Attel is traversed . To the right, opposite the traveller, rises the Wendelstein , to the left the Kaisergebirge. Stat.Carolinenfeld: then 40 M. Rosenheim (1466 ft.; * Greiderer; * König Otto; AltePost; * Bayrischer Hof; Deutsches Haus; Railway Restaurant) , the junction of the Innsbruck , Mühldorf, and Holzkirchen lines, apleasant little town of 8500 inhab ., with salt - works . The salt water is conveyed hither from Reichenhall , upwards of 45 M. distant. About 3/4 M. from the handsome station is the * Rosenheim Mineral Bath Establishment and the * Marienbad (both also Hotel Pensions), with salt and other baths.FROM MUNICH TO ROSENHEIM VIÂ HOLZKIRCHEN , 461/2 M. , in 3 hrs.(fares 6 m. 10, 4m. 5, 2 m . 60 pf.), a longer, butmore interesting line than that described above , see Baedeker's Eastern Alps. From Rosenheim toInnsbruck, see the same Handbook ,Beyond Rosenheim the train crosses the Inn,and passes ( 45 M. )Stephanskirchen, the small Simmsee, and (51M.) Endorf (Railway Inn). The line then runs to the S. through a hilly district to (56 M. )Prien (1745 ft.; * Hôtel Chiemsee, at the station; * Zur Kampen wand; Kronprinz; Ostermaier) , a favourite summer - resort , in the smiling Prienthal, 1 M. from Stock, the landing-place of the Chiemsee steamer, which plies to the Herreninsel and Fraueninsel 4 times daily in 1/2 hr. and 2-3 times a week to Seebruck , at the N, end of the lake .The Chiemsee (1680 ft . ) , 71/2 M. long , 7 M. broad , contains three is lands, the Herrenwörth, the Frauenwörth, and the Krautinsel (i . e . 'vegetable island'). The Frauenwörth , so named from its nunnery, is also the site of a fishing-village and an " Inn . On the Herrenwörth, a much more extensiveisland ( 9 M, in circumference ), are the handsome and spacious buildings of a suppressed Benedictine abbey, including a good * Inn; there are also pleasant grounds and a deer-park . The large new royal château is not accessible to the public . The lake is famed for its fish. The banks are flat; the long chain of the Bavarian and Tyrolese Alps forms the background of the landscape on the S. Branch- Line from Prien to Niederaschau in the Prienthal, see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.The line skirts the S. bank of the Chiemsee . 591/2 M. Bernau.Beyond (64 M.) Uebersee the train crosses the Grosse Ache . 69 M. Bergen . About 11/2 M. to the E. lie the baths of Adelholzen (2100 ft . ),BAEDEKER's S. Germany. 5th Edit. 117162 Route 29. TRAUNSTEIN .well fitted up and much frequented, possessing three springs, which contain saltpetre, sulphur, and alum respectively.73 M. Traunstein ( 1929 ft.; * Hôt. Wiespauer; * Post; Traube;Weisses Bräuhaus), a thriving place with 4500 inhab ., re-erected in a modern style since a conflagration in 1851 , is situated on aslope above the Traun . The town also possesses well- organisedSalt Baths . The extensive salt- works are situated in the suburb of Au (S. of the town) on the Traun; the brine evaporated here is conducted'in pipes from Reichenhall , a distance of 25 M. From Traunstein to Reichenhall viâ Inzell, a most interesting excursion by carriage, see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.The line to Salzburg next skirts wooded and grassy hills . To the S. , above the lower heights , towers the Stauffen , and farther on , the Untersberg (p . 249 ). Stations Lauter, (83 M.) Teisendorf (with the ruined castle of Raschenberg) , and (891/2 M.) Freilassing ( Föckerer's Hotel) , the Bavarian frontier, and the junction of the line to Reichenhall (see Baedeker's Eastern Alps ) . The line crosses the Saalach; to the right is Schloss Klesheim (p. 249); among trees to the left , as Salzburg is approached , are seen the white walls of Maria - Plain (p. 249). The Salzach is then crossed .95 M, Salzburg , see p. 244.30. From Munich to Linz by Simbach.148 M. Railway in 111/2 hrs. ( fares 26 m. , 19 m . 40 pf., 13 m. ) .From the Munich Central Station to the East Station , wherethe Rosenheim line branches off to the right, see p. 161.Several unimportaiit stations. 19 M. Schwaben, a thriving village (branch - line to Erding ). Near (47 M. ) Ampfing Emp. Lewis the Bavarian defeated and took prisoner his rival Frederick of Austria in 1322. To commemorate the victory he erected the small church to the left of the railway . 52 M. Mühldorf ( Post ), a manufacturing town on the Inn , with 2000 inhab. , lies below the level of the line,from which its towers only are visible. From Mühldorf to Rosenheim and Plattling, see R. 33.Near (60 M. ) Neu - Oetting (Post) the line crosses the Isen above its confluence with the Inn . Alt - Oetting, 3/4 M.to the E. , has acelebrated pilgrimage - church, which possesses a miraculous picture of the Virgin , said to have been brought from the East in the 7th century . The parish - church contains the tomb of Tilly (p . 107); in the treasury are preserved various precious relics dating from the 8th cent . downwards.The line approaches the Inn . The broad valley is covered with willows . To the left , wooded hills . 64 M. Perach , picturesquely situated on the hill to the left. A long embankment on the river side is next traversed . Near ( 68 M.) Marktl the mountains recede,and the train quits the Inn , into which the Salzach falls 3 M. to the S. 76 M. Simbach ( Rail. Restaurant) is the last Bavarian>BRAUNAU . 30. Route. 163>station . Passengers’ luggage is examined here by Austrian custom house officers . The Inn is then crossed .78 M. Braunau ( Palm; Ente; Post), an old - fashioned town with 3000 inhabitants. The late- Gothic Church of the 15th cent. has ahandsome tower ( interior modernised in bad taste) . In the Prome naden - Platz by the Spitalkirche rises the * Palm Monument, in bronze, designed by Knoll , and erected to the memory of John Palm , the patriotic bookseller of Nuremberg , who was shot at Braunau by Napoleon's order ( comp. p. 83).From BRAUNAU TO STEINDORF , 23/2 M. , railway in 2 hrs. ( fares 1 fl .81, 1 n . 36 , 91 kr.) . Stations St. Georgen , Mauerkirchen , Uttendorf- Hell pfau, Mattighofen , Munderfing, Friedburg- Lengau, Steindorf (p. 243 ).Beyond this, the country is pretty and wooded. 84 M. Minning;88 M. Obernberg - Altheim . The line gradually ascends towards the S.E. , and , farther on , affords a survey of the Innthal . 90 M. Gurten . 100 M. Ried ( Gold. Hirsch; Löwe) , a prosperous little town (4000 inhab. ) on the Oberach and Breitach , and the junction for the Salzkammergut Railway (see p. 243).The line again ascends, affording several extensive views to the right and left. 108 M. Pram - Haag ( two villages at some distance from the line) . 116 M. Neumarkt. Thence to Wels and ( 148 M.)Linz, see pp. 169,> 242.31. From Nuremberg to Furth ( and Prague).100 M. Railway to Furth in 41/2-63/4 hrs. ( fares 12 m . 90 , 8 m . 55 ,5 m. 50 pf.). — Express to Prague in 101/2 hrs. ( fares 33 m. 70, 24 m. 50 pf. );custom - house examination at Furth.Nuremberg , see p . 78. The line ascends the left bank of thePegnitz (on the right bank runs the new Fichtelgebirge line , p . 87) . 21/2 M. Mögeldorf; to the left the châteaux Untere and Obere Bürg . 4 M. Laufamholz. On the right near (7M. ) Röthenbach rises the Moritzberg, a conspicuous height which commands the plainof Nuremberg and the valley of the Pegnitz . 101/2 M. Lauf ( p. 88 );13 M. Ottensoos; 15 M. Henfenfeld , with a small château . 17 M. Hersbruck (p . 88); the station lies on the left bank of the Pegnitz,1 M. from the station of the Fichtelgebirge railway on the N. side of the town.Near ( 20 M.) Pommelsbrunn (branch-line to the N. station of Hersbruck, see p . 88 ), at the base of the Hohbirch , the line quits the Pegnitzthal , which here turns to the N. Scenery picturesque.23 M. Hartmanshof; 26 M. Etzelwang (N.E. , on the hill , SchlossHolnstein ); 28 M. Neukirchen .FROM NEUKIRCHEN TO Weiden, 311/2 M., railway in 2 hrs. ( fares 4 m .20 , 2 m. 80, 1 m. 80 pf.) . Stations Grossalbershof , Schönlind , (124/2 M.)Vilseck, a small and ancient town on the Vils, with a late -Gothic church.Then Langenbruck, Freiung, Röthenbach, Weihérhammer, where the Heide nab is crossed, and ( 311/2 M.) Weiden (p . 109).34 M. Sulzbach (Krone), a considerable place with a mountain castle, once a residence of the dukes of Bavaria . 36 M. Rosenberg,711 *164 Route 31 . AMBERG .with the blast - furnaces of the Maxhütte ( p. 109); 381/2 M. Alt mannshof. To the right rises the Erzberg, with a large iron-mine.411/2 M. Amberg ( Pfälzer Hof; Mayerhofer's Restaurant , both near the station) , a town on the Vils, with 14,600 inhabitants,surrounded by a well - preserved wall and moat. The large Jesuits'College is now occupied by the gymnasium , a teachers' seminary,and a brewery. The late-Gothic Church of St. Martin ( 15th cent. ) ,with a tower 320 ft. high , contains a tombstone of the Count Palatine Rupert (d. 1397) . The Gothic Church of St. George has açad with three towers . The Rathhaus, with its two fine halls ,contains the valuable archives of the town. The large Prison has accommodation for 1300 convicts. The Royal Small Arms Factory employs 800 workmen. Outside the Vilsthor is a monument to King Max Joseph I. The Mariahilfberg , with a pilgrimage -church,affords an extensive prospect .45 M. Hiltersdorf; 50 M. Freihöls; 55 M. Irrenlohe . 58 M. Schwandorf (p . 109) , junction for the Eger and Ratisbon line ( R. 26) . Our line turns here to the E. 66 M, Alfenschwand;70 M. Bodenwöhr; 76 M. Neubäu; 801 /2M. Roding (Kleber, Post) ,a thriving village on the left bank of the Regen; 82 M. Pösing.88 M. Cham ( 1395 ft .; Post; Vogel), an old town with 3000 inhab ., on the N. outskirts of the Bavarian Forest ( p . 173) , is the old capital of the Chamberich district . Gothic Rathhaus of the 15th cent.; adjoining it the late- Gothic church of St. Jacob ( 1514 ).The old Chammünster, a church 11/2 M. from the town, is a late-Gothic edifice on Romanesque foundations. In the vicinity is the conspicuous ruin of Chamereck . - Pleasant excursion hence to Schloss Runding , which was inhabited down to the present century, and on to (3 hrs.) the Haidstein ( 2562 fr.), an admirable point of view, with some insignificant ruins.The train now traverses the deep Chamb - Thal. 92 M. Koth maissling; 96 M. Ahrnschwang , with an old castle and a pictur esque church .To the S.W. rises the finely-shaped Hohe Bogen (3222 ft . ), which may be ascended from Ahrnschwang or Furth in 2-21 /2 hrs. The Burgstall, the W. peak , commands a fine survey of the valley of the Regen , and of agreat part of Bohemia and the Upper Palatinate .100 M. Furth (* Post; Zum Hohen Bogen, at the station; Stern;Rail, Restaurant ), a small town with an ancient tower and a ruinedcastle , the junction for the Bohemian W. Railway ( luggage exa mined ). Diligence to Lam , see p. 173.From Furth to Prague , see R. 46.32. From Ratisbon to Passau and Linz.The Danube from Passau to Linz.140 M. RAILWAY to ( 73 M.) Passau in 23/4-4 hrs . ( fares 9 m. 35 , 6 m .20 pf. , 4 m.; express trains, 10 m. 60, 7m .45 pf.); from Passau to Linz in 21/2-41/2 hrs. (fares 5 fl. 22, 3 fl . 92, 2 11. 61 kr.; express , 6 fl. 26, 4 f. 70 kr. ) .STEAMBOAT from Passau to Linz daily in 41/2 hrs. (fares 41., 2 f1. 65 kr.).The custom -house examination takes place after passengers have taken their tickets . The check received is given up on embarking.STRAUBING. 32. Route. 1657To (5 M.) Obertraubling , see p. 109. Our line here diverges to the left from the Munich railway (R. 26) , and leads by stations Mangolding, Moosham , Taimering, Sünching, and Radldorf to 251/2 M. Straubing (Schwarzer Adler; Post; Kraus), a very ancient town (pop . 12,625) on the Danube, situated in an ex tensive and fertile plain, the granary of Bavaria. The late -Gothic church of * St. James (1429-1512) contains some paintings at tributed to Wohlgemuth . The Gothic Gymnasialkirche ( of 1430),formerly the church of the Carmelites , contains the fine monu ment of Duke Albert II . (d . 1397). The Château (now barracks)was once occupied by Duke Albert III . with his wife Agnes Ber nauer (p. 92) , the beautiful daughter of a barber of Augsburg. Her father- in - law Duke Ernest , exasperated by his son's mésalliance,cruelly and unjustly caused her to be condemned to death , during the absence of her husband, and thrown into the Danube from the bridge ( 1436 ). Her remains were afterwards interred in the church yard of St. Peter, as an inscription on a handsome marble slab in the chapel records . The Stadt- Thurm ( 223 ft .) , a square tower surmounted by five turrets, was erected by Lewis I. in 1208.30 M. Amselfing; 331/2M . Strasskirchen; 37M.Stephansposching (on the left the Natternberg, 328 ft. in height, with a ruined castle and a modern château) . 41 M. Plattling, where the line crosses the Isar , near its confluence with the Danube, junction for Mühldorf and Eisenstein . ( Excursion in the Bavarian Forest, see p . 171. )461/2 M. Langenisarhofen; 50 M. Osterhofen; 561/2M . Pleinting.«The line then approaches the Danube, and follows it to Passau .On the opposite bank rises the well - preserved ruin of Igersberg ,60 M. Vilshofen ( Ochs ), the Roman Villa Quintanica, at the con fluence of the Vils and Danube, possesses a Gothic church of 1376. -As the train proceeds , a recumbent lion is seen on a rock to the left , erected to the memory of King Maximilian I. , who caused the high-road to be constructed , which between this point and Passau is in many places hewn through the solid rock .64 M. Sandbach; 69 M. Schalding. The towers of Passau , the fortress of Oberhaus, and the charming environs of the town now come into view. Luggage is examined at the station .74 M. Passau . Hotels . *BAYRISCHER HoF; * WENZEL ZUR SONNE;

• Zur EISENBAHN, near the rail . station; MOHR. Garden Restaurant, on the road to the Windschnur. Baths in the Danube, left bank;

the Ilz , warmer.Passau (950 ft ), the Castra Batava of the Romans, the capital of an independent episcopal see down to 1803 , with 15,365 inhab . , lieson a narrow rocky tongue of land formed by the confluence of the Inn (here 319 yds . in breadth) with the Danube (only 264 yds .wide). The numerous houses , chiefly of the 17th and 18th cent . , which rise on the banks of the rivers, especially on the Inn , give the town an imposing appearance. The peculiar and picturesque situation of the town at the confluence of the Danube, Inn, and Ilz ,-7also in166 Route 32. PASSAU.From Ratisbonand the variety of views commanded by the neighbouring heights ,will amply repay a short visit to Passau , which , with the exception perhaps of Linz , is the most beautiful place on the Danube .The CATHEDRAL OF ST. STEPHEN, perhaps founded as early as the 5th cent., was restored in the Gothic style in the 15th and 16thcenturies. The present structure, in a florid rococo style, was built by C. Lorago after a fire in 1665 (nave completed in 1684, towers in 1695), and is one of the most important examples of German ecclesiastical architecture of the 17th century. The choir stillshows a few traces of the old Gothic edifice . On the N. side is theDomhof (with a handsome Gothic portal), the restored chapels of which are worthy of a visit . That of the Holy Trinity , with a handsome altar and early German paintings , contains the monument of the founder, Bishop Trenbach (d . 1598). By the wall to the right are a number of old marble tombstones. On the opposite (E.) side is the Chapel of the Crucifixion (1414), with four slender octagonal pillars; by the walls, old tombstones of red marble . Adjacent is the recently-restored Chapel of the Mt. of Olives.The Parade- Platz in front of the cathedral is adorned with aStatue of Maximilian 1. in bronze . Opposite to it, on the W. side ,is the Post Office, historically interesting as the place where the Treaty of Passau , by which religious toleration was first established,was concluded between Emp. Charles V. and Elector Maurice ofSaxony . St. Pauls, in the vicinity , rising on an eminence above the street, re - erected in the 17th cent . , was decorated in 1852 in the Pompeian style . St. John's ( Spitalkirche), in the Rindermarkt,contains a collection of old wood-carving, restored, and placed along the walls as in a museum . The Church of the Holy Cross, in theJesuitengasse , near the E. angle of the town , formerly connected with the now dissolved nunnery of Niedernburg, is a Romanesque basilica with low vaulting , recently restored. The Maria - Parmchapel on the S. side contains the tomb of the Abbess Gisela, Queen of Hungary, and sister of Emp. Henry II .The handsome Romanesque Votivkirche in the Ludwigs - Str . was erected in 1864. Façade adorned with statues of Christ and the Apostles. Interior tastefully decorated . Altar-piece, the Corona tion of the Virgin . - Adjoining the church is the Hospital of the Holy Ghost, with a church and a tavern (good Austrian wine).At the mouth of the Ilz , an important channel for the timber traffic, a bridge crosses to the Ilzstadt, inhabited principally by boat men and timber-merchants , and situated at the base of the Nonn berg . On the summit of the latter is the * Klosterberg, or Nonnen gütl, a charming point of view , which affords the best survey of the union of the light-gray Inn , the yellowish -green Danube,and the inky Ilz. After having received the waters of the Inn , the Danube becomes a river of imposing dimensions.A wooden bridge , supported by buttresses of granite, crosses7to Linz. PASSAU. 32. Route. 167the Inn to the Innstadt, the ancient Bojodurum , re - erected since its destruction by fire during the war in 1809. St. Severinus, to whom the church is dedicated , laboured here as a missionary in the 5th century. Following the street in a straight direction from the bridge , the traveller reaches the town-gate , whence a broad path ascends to the right in 1/4 hr . to the pilgrimage-church of * Maria hilf ( 1175 ft. ). About 50 paces to the right, beyond the entrance , and a few feet higher, are two benches , commanding a charming survey of the town, the confluence of the Inn and Danube, and the fortress of Oberhaus . The church attracts numerous worshippers . The col oured reliefs in the chapels in the court are not unpleasing. From the vestibule of the church, which contains numerous votive tablets ,a covered staircase descends by 264 steps to the Innstadt. About 1/2 M. from Mariabilf , in Austrian territory , is the restaurant Waldschloss, prettily situated on the margin of a wood .The fortress of * Oberhaus crowns a precipitous , wooded height (426 ft .) on the left bank of the Danube, opposite Passau. The carriage-road leaves the town at the upper end , crosses the Danube by a Bridge (240 yds . in length ), and descends on the left bankthrough the small suburb of Anger, nestling under the rock , and through a short tunnel to the Ilz . The shortest route for pedes trians is by the new Chain Bridge at the lower end of the town (3 pf. ) . On the left, beyond the tunnel, is the Gothic Salvator Kirche, erected in 1484 , restored in 1861 , with groined vaulting and a series of chapels . Modern carved altar, gilded and painted .The road ascends to the left, from the bridge over the Ilz , to the gate of the fortress in 1/4 hr . Visitors are conducted by a soldier (small fee) through the fortress to the Neuwall, a bastion affording a beautiful and uninterrupted prospect of the town and the valleys of the Ilz , the Danube, and the Inn, The Rittersaal contains noth ing worthy of notice . The well which supplies the fortress is 426ft.deep , extending down to the level of the Danube. In the middleages the Oberhaus frequently afforded the bishops a refuge from civic broils . In 1809 it was occupied by the French , and the Austrians prepared to besiege it; but they abandoned their intention aftertheir defeat at Ratisbon (p. 97). Visitors may quit the fortress by the upper gate (Obere Thor).Those whose time is limited may take the footpath to the right by asmall house before the powder-magazine is reached , and descend direct to the Ilz and Danube, or they may follow the telegraph - posts to the left and then descend the steps to the bridge over the Danube. The traveller,however , who has 2 hrs . at command should descend (to tne right by the second house beyond the magazine) in 1/2 hr. to * Hals (960 ft.), a market town charmingly situated in the valley of the Ilz , above which rises the ruined castle of the same name. We follow the right bank to the largesteam saw -mill, where we cross by a foot- bridge. About 3/4 M. farther on is a tunnel, 143 yds. in length, hewn in the rock in 1831, through which an arm of the Ilz flows. On the wooded hill above the tunnel is theruined castle of Reschenstein. The rocks here are overgrown with beauti A footway , protected by a balustrade, leads through the7ful moss.168 Route 32. SCHAFBERG . From Ratisbontunnel . At the farther end there is a long barrier to intercept the floatingtimber as it descends from the Bavarian Forest (p.171) . Small inn here.A footpath on the right bank leads hence to the (8 min.) road lying higher up , and leading to the left to Hals. The traveller follows the road fora few hundred paces , and at an angle to the right ascends through wood to the ( 1/4 hr. ) *Inn of the village of Ries . Passau is regained by following the high -road for 5 min . , and then descending by a path to the left .to the ( 1 M.) bridge over the Danube. The high - road passes the convent of Freudenheim , now a school. The shady paths diverging to the leftlead to the Public Park.The * Schafberg is another of the numerous fine points near Passau.The bridge over the Inn is crossed, and the Linz road ascended to (3M).Gattern, about 11/2 M.beyond which a road slightly descending to the right from the high -road , leads to a house, where there are a table and bench protected by a roof . A most extensive view is here enjoyed of the Ba varian Mts. and the Alps of the Salzkammergut and Styria , with a pic turesque foreground. We may now descend to Wernstein (p . 169) ,From Passau a pleasant excursion may be made to the S.E. part of the Bavarian Forest ( comp. p. 171) . We cross the Ilz and descend along the Danube to the ( 3 M.) Kernmühle . Here we may either ascend to the right (guide desirable ) to (3 M.) the baths of Kelberg, prettily situated on the hill and commanding a charming view , and then proceed to (7 M.)Hauzenberg (* Post) and ( 12 M.) Breitenberg (see below); or we may follow the Danube to Erlau and ( 71/2 M.) Hafnerzell or Obernzell (see p. 169).At Hafnerzell we turn to the left and ascend the valley to (3 M.) Gries.bach (* Oetzinger ), where the road forks. We take the branch to the E.,which leads up and down hill to (3 M.) Wildenranna and (31/2 M.) Weg scheid (* Klein Escherich), a small town with linen manufactories. From Wegscheid a somewhat fatiguing road leads to (8 M.) Breitenberg (2250 ft.;Post, with fine view from the veranda) , a small town at the base of the Dreisesselgebirge. The road now descends towards the N. to ( 21/4 M.)klafferstrass, beyond which it ascends slightly to ( 24/4 M.) Lakenhäuser ( 2980 ft.; Rosenberger). From Lakenhäuser a good footpath ascends in 14/2 hr. to the top of the “Dreisesselstein (4370 ft.), where the boundaries of Bavaria , Bohemia , and Austria meet . The summit, which consists of huge blocks of granite, piled confusedly one above the other , commands an admirable view of the Bohemian Forest and the Alps. The adjacent Hochstein affords a similar view . From the Dreisesselstein we proceed by a rough and fatiguing path (guide necessary) to the * Seestein , which is mirrored in the dark waters of the solitary Blöckensteinsee. On the bank of the lake is a monument to Adalbert Stifter ( d . 1868 ), who has celebrated this district in his poems. The return to Lakenhäuser takes 14/2 hr.From Lakenhäuser we now continue our excursion (with guide) to (41/2 M.) Neu - Reichenau (Göschl) , whence we go on alone by cross-roads viâ Unter -Grainet (Inn) and kaining, or by the shorter new road vià Fürholz, to (12 M.) Freyung (1790 ft.; * Post), a busy little town on the high -road to Passau (diligence daily in 41/2 hrs . ) . About 3/4 M. to the N. ,on a rock towering above the brawling Sausbach, is the imposing château of Wolfstein, now occupied by the district-authorities. From Freyung we may proceed to the N. , viả the Bierhütte and Haslach , to (6 m .) Hohenau (2700 ft.; *Moosbauer ). Or we may choose the longer but pleasanter route,which descends by the church of Freyung , crosses the Sausbach , and descends on the right bank to (41/2 M.) the mill of Buchberg, passing through the * Buchberger Leite, a romantic rocky gorge; we then ascend to the right by Saulers and Haslach to ( 14/2 hr .) Hohenau. From Hohenau we proceed to the N.W. to (6 M.) St. Oswald ( p. 172; route to the Rachelsee and over the Rachel to Frauenau , 51/2 hrs. , see p. 172; guide from St. Oswald to Zwiesel 6 m. ) . The ascent of the Lusen (p . 172) may be ac complished viâ the Schönauer Glashütte in 31/2 hrs. ( guide 2 m .); descent via Waldhäuser to st. Oswald, 21/2 hrs. ( comp. p. 172). The Railway to Linz passes through a long tunnel,> crosses theto Linz. SCHÄRDING . 32. Route . 169Inn, and ascends on the right bank of that river . 80 M. Wernstein,with an old château , lies on a height on the opposite bank. Near (83M.) Schärding ( 3500 inhab .), junction for the Salzkammergut Railway (see p . 243), lies the village of Brunnenthal , with achalybeate spring . The line now ascends the Pramthal. 89 M. Taufkirchen; 92 M , Andorf; 98 M. Riedau; 106 M. Neumarkt (*Reiss) , the junction of the Munich line ( R. 30); 113 M. Gries kirchen . The line then gradually descends ( to the right a view of the Alps with the Traunstein ) by Wallern to ( 1241/2 M. ) Wels, astation on the Linz and Salzburg railway (p . 242). Thence to ( 140 M. )Linz, see R. 38 .STEAMBOAT JOURNEY (comp. Map , p. 238 ). The steamboat, far pre ferable to the railway , generally leaves Passau at 2 p.m., and reaches Linz in 4 / 2 hrs . Luggage is examined by Austrian officials before em barkation ( comp. p . 165 ).The scenery of the Danube is more imposing than that of the Rhine,but of a less smiling character, while the intervals between the finest points are often considerable. The mountains are loftier , and the banks are generally fringed with forest, or clothed with luxuriant pasture; but the population is poor and sparse, and there is an almost total absence ofthe busy traffic which characterises the sister river.A beautiful retrospect of the town and environs is enjoyed immedi ately after starting. Below Passau the right bank belongs to Austria, and the left bank as far as Engelhardszell to Bavaria.R. The castle of Krempelstein, on an abrupt cliff.L. Obernzell, or Hafnerzell, the last Bavarian village, with large quar ries of graphite and manufactories of lead - pencils and fire- proof crucibles.Excursion to the Bavarian Forest, see p. 168.R. Viechtenstein , a handsome château on the hill, formerly the pro perty of Passau Abbey and now of Count Pachta. Farther on, the Jochen stein, abutting on the river on the left, the ancient boundary between Ba varia and Austria. The present boundary is formed by a wooded ravineon the left bank, a little lower down.(3. 15 p.m. ) R. Engelhardszell ( Post), formerly a Benedictine monastery ,now belongs to Prince Wrede; near it, Engelszell, once a Cistercian mon astery, now owned by Count Pachta. The Austrian custom - house is on the opposite bank; examination of luggage, see above.L. Ranariedl, an ancient mountain - castle, still inhabited; at the foot of the hill is the village of Niederranna .R. Wesenufer or Wesenurfahr, an old town , with an extensive winecellar.L. Marsbach, with an ancient tower, the seat of a court of justice .R. Waldkirchen, a ruin on a pine- clad rock . The steamboat steers round à sharp promontory, opposite which is L. Hayenbach , or the Kirschbaumer Schloss , destroyed by Emp. Maxi milian I.The channel of the river now contracts to nearly half its former width , and is confined between precipitous wooded hills , 600-1000 ft . in height. The scenery here is hardly surpassed anywhere on the river. At the picturesque village of -- L. Obermühl the stream of that name descends from a wooded ravineinto the Danube.L. Neuhaus, a handsome château on a lofty , wooded eminence , the property of Herr von Plank. Before the steamboat reaches -(5 p.m. ) R. Aschach ( Sonne; Adler) , a small town extending pictur esquely along the bank , with the château and park of Count Harrach ,the Danube suddenly emerges a broad plain . The Pöstlingberg7on170 Route 32.ASCHACH.( p. 237) with its church , near Linz , comes into view; in clear weather the snow - clad Styrian and Austrian Alps form a picturesque background towards the S. , and to the right the Traunstein is conspicuous;but a few minutes later the view is concealed by the numerous islands, overgrown with underwood , between which the river flows. --- The entire valley, as far as Linz and beyond it, was the scene of many sanguinary encounters during the insurrection of the peasantry of Upper Austria. In 1626 Aschach was the headquarters of the insurgents , where , as well as at Neuhaus , they had barricaded the Danube with chains , in order to prevent the Bavarians from rendering assistance to Count Herberstein ,the Austrian governor , who was shut up at Linz . The ruined castlesof Stauf and Schaumburg rise on hills above the river. The latter was the ancestral residence of a once powerful race , to whom the entire valley between Passau and Linz was subject, but who became extinct in 1559.L. Landshag, with a castle.R. Brand statt , the station for Efferding , one of the most ancient places in Upper Austria , mentioned in the Nibelungen -Lied (21st Adven ture ) as the place where Chriemhilde passed the night on her journey to the land of the Huns. The village is said formerly to have lain on theDanube, but is now at some distance from it; the tower only is visible .L. Ottensheim , with its white walls, is conspicuous.R. Wilhering, a Cistercian abbey , founded in 1146 , with a pleasant garden.L. The château of Buchenau. Then the Pöstlingberg , an eminence picturesquely crowned with a church , rising beside the fortifications .R. The Calvarienberg, prettily situated; above it the Jägermayr ( p. 237) .( 6.30 p.m. ) R. Linz, see p . 236.33. From Rosenheim to Eisenstein by Mühldorf and Plattling. The Bavarian Forest.133 M. Railway in 81/4 hrs.; fares 17 m. 35, 11 m. 50 , 7 m. 35 pf.Rosenheim , see p . 161. Soon after starting, the train diverges tothe right from the Munich railway and runs to the N. , across the plain of the Inn . 51/2 M. Schechen; 10 M. Rott , with an old Bene dictine abbey on a hill to the left. The line now crosses the valley of the Attel by means of a lofty embankment, passing on the right the ancient provostry of Attel , and reaches near ( 16 M.) stat .Wasserburg , the top of a lofty plateau intersected by the Inn . The town of Wasserburg (Hôtel Schliessleder; 3500 inhab . ) lies 3 M. to the right, on a peninsula surrounded by the Inn , and is not visible from the railway .The train skirts the Soier See , passes ( 19 M.) Soien , and runsalong the steep slopes of the Nasenbach. 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DEGGENDORF. 33. Route. 171ܕiThe train now runs to the N. (to the right the railway to Sim bach , p . 147) , and crosses the Isen . Beyond (43 M. ) Rohrbach it crosses the watershed between the Inn and the Rott . About 2 M. below (48 M.) Neumarkt , with its late-Gothic church , the train leaves the Rottthal , and enters a hilly district , which it traverses to (541/2 M. ) Gangkofen , on the Bina. At (58 M.) Trembach the watershed between the Rott and Vils is crossed , after which the train descends through the Vilsthal. 63 M. Stat. Frontenhausen;the village, which possesses an interesting late -Gothic church, lies 11/2 M.to the left. The train crosses the Vils, ascends the heights on the opposite bank , crosses the profound Seegraben by a lofty viaduct, and reaches the watershed between the Vils and the Isar.671/2 M. Griesbach; 721/2 M. Mamming, where the Isar is crossed;75 M. Pilsting, junction for Landshut (p . 110). Then ( 771/2 M.)Landau; the town , with 2865 inhab. and large breweries , lies 1/2 M. to the 8. , on the right bank of the Isar.Below Landau the train enters the wide plain of the Danube .82 M. Wallersdorf; 851/2 M. Otzing; 89 M. Plattling, where our line intersects the railway from Ratisbon to Passau ( p. 165).Beyond Plattling the line approaches the Danube , passing the isolated Natternberg with its ruined castle on the left, and crosses the river by an iron bridge , 440 yds. in length . 94 M. Deggendorf (1055 ft.; Friedrich; Adler; * Lukasbräu ), an old town with thriv ing commerce and manufactures (6800 inhab. ).The Geiersberg, 14/2 M. to the N., with a pilgrimage - church , com mands a fine view of the valley of the Danube , etc. A pleasant ex cursion may be made from Deggendorf by the old post- road , through thewild valley of the Höllenbach , to the (9 M.) beautifully - situated Rusel ( 2553 ft.; * Inn ),formerly a monastery. Thence on foot through the wood to the ( 1/2 hr. ) ' * Hausstein ( 2874 ft.), which commands a magnificent and unimpeded view of the plain of the Danube and the distant Alps (Watz mann, Steinerne Meer, Dachstein , etc. ) . The road leads from the Ruselthrough the valley of the Ohebach , passes the castle of Au, destroyed last century, and reaches (9 M.) Regen (see below) .About 29/2 M. to the W. of Deggendorf (diligence twice daily in 1/2 hr.),stands Metten ( 1055 ft .) , a Benedictine abbey with a celebrated school,founded by Charlemagne in 792. Count Armansperg's château of Egg,3/4 M. farther N. , has been restored in the mediæval style by Volz. The railway from Deggendorf to Eisenstein , traversing the Bavarian Forest, is interesting to the engineer from the difficulties which have been overcome in its construction .The Bavarian Forest is the S. W. portion of the extensive Bohemian Forest Mountains , and includes the highest peaks in the range (the Arber 4784 ft. , the Rachel 4770 ft.). Nearlyone-half of this mountain - district,which is upwards of 1800 sq. M. in area , and lies between the Danube and the Bohemian frontier , extending from Cham and Furth on the N. to below Passau towards the S., is covered with pine and beech - forest,much of which , especially in the less frequented parts (e. g . the Rachel and Falkenstein) , is still in a neglected and primitive condition . The timber- trade and the rearing of cattle are the chief resources of the na tives of the forest , but glass and linen are also manufactured to some extent. Snuff, to which they are much addicted , is carried about in small glass bottles made in the district. The custom of erecting boards on the roadside to the memory of the dead is prevalent.172 Route 33. GOTTESZELL . From Rosenheimr1!The line ascends on the W. slopes of the Kollbachthal for about 4 M. , crosses the valley by a stone embankment, turns to the S. , and reaches ( 1001/2 M.) Ulrichsberg, which lies 330 ft. higher than Deggendorf. The Ulrichsberg is now skirted ( to the right amagnificent view of the plain of the Danube, bounded by the Salz burg Alps) , and a tunnel, 530 yds . in length , is threaded . Beyond this point the train ascends the Graflinger Thal in long windings,and , passing through another tunnel (630 yds . long ), reaches ( 109 M. ) Gotteszell , in the Teissnachthal (1903 ft.) , with the remains of a Cistercian abbey burned down in 1830.The large village of Ruhmannsfelden (Inn) lies 14/4 M. to the N. Interesting excursion ( 2 hrs.; guide) from Gotteszell to the * Hirschenstein (3583 ft.) , which commands a noble and extensive view. The forester's house of Oedenwies, ' /4 hr. to the N.W. , affords good accommodation .1131/2 M. Triefenried . The line skirts the forest- clad knolls of the Teufelstisch , crosses the Ohebach on a lofty viaduct, and de scends the course of the Regen to (1181/2 M.) stat. Regen (1762 ft. ) ,opposite the small town of that name ( Post; Oswald ).Above the town , 3/4 hr. to the S.E., rises Weissenstein am Pfahl ( 2490 ft . ) , a ruined castle upon a jagged quartz rock , with a restored tower commanding a fine view (custodian to the left of the entrance). ThePfahl , a broad seam of quartz and hornblende running from S.E. to N.W. for a distance of 60 M., is one of the remarkable geological features of the Bavarian Forest. The railway-cutting near the bridge over the Ohe affords a good view of a section of the vein . From Regen to the (4 hrs. )

• Rusel, see p . 171. The train crosses the Regen , recrosses it near Schweinhütt by means of a bridge of one arch , with a span of 240 ft. , and then regains the right bank at the Poschinger Saw Mill near Zwiesel . 125 M. Zwiesel ( 1867 ft.; * Post; Deutscher Rhein) , a consider able village , prettily situated in a broad basin at the confluence of the Kleine and Grosse Regen, is a good starting-point for excur sions in the Bavarian Forest. In the neighbourhood are the glass houses of Theresienthal , Ludwigsthal , Ober - Zwieselau , Ober

Frauenau, and Buchenau, and also numerous saw-mills .The Zwieselberg, a hill strewn with blocks of granite , 1/2 hr, to the S. , affords a good survey of the surrounding country.The ascent of the * Rachel ( 4770 ft . ) is a very attractive excursion ( 4 hrs. to the top; guide needful). Carriage- road as far as (6 M. ) Ober Frauenau , with a handsome modern château belonging to Herr von Poschinger. A footpath ascends thence through beautiful woods to (2 hrs.)the barren summit, which is strewa with blocks of granite.Extensive * Survey of the Bohemian Forest and the plain of the Danube,bounded by the distant Alps. On the ș . side a view is obtained of the dark · Rachelsee, embosomed in wood , about 1000 ft . below us . It may be reached from the top in 3/4 hr. We may return from the lake to Frauenau and ( 4 hrs. ) Zwiesel viâ (3 hrs.) Klingenbrunn ( 2690 ft .; Inn) , a high- lying village, ' /4 hr. to the W.of which is the Ludwigsstein, a fine point of view;or we may turn to the E. at the top of the Rachel and follow the frontierline to the ( 3 hrs. ) Lusen (4508 ft . ) , the summit of which , covered with blocks of granite , also commands an excellent view . From the top of the Lusen the descent leads by the Obere and Untere Waldhäuser ( Inn) to (2 hrs. ) St. Oswald ( 2650 ft.; * Brauhaus) , once a monastery, loftily and beautifully situated , whence we may proceed by Reifenberg to ( 21/2 hrs. )Klingenbrunn (see above) .to Eisenstein. EISENSTEIN . 33. Route. 173A good road leads N.W. from Zwiesel to Klautzenbach and ( 21/4 M.)Rabenstein , with the handsome Villa Rabenstein (park open to the public ). l'hence through magnificent wood , past the quarry on the Hühnerkobel , which yields beautiful rose - coloured quartz, to (7 M. )Bodenmais ( 2267 ft.; * Post; Hofwirth ), pleasantly situated on a hill. Op posite to it rises the red Silberberg, apparently composed of slag, with its indented peak called the Bischofshaube ('mitre ). Vitriol and red polishing powder are manufactured from the ore obtained here . Rare mineralsare also frequently found (good collection at the house of the overseer of the mine)The * Arber (4783 ft .), the ' King of the Forest' , may easily be ascended from Bodenmais in 3 hrs. (guide 2 m .). The path leads through the * Riss loch , a wild ravine with beautiful waterfalls . The bald summit consistsof a plateau with several peaks formed by a process of disintegration.In a hollow among them is a chapel. The view is superb , embracing agreat part of Bohemia on the E. and the Fichtelgebirge on the W. , while in clear weather the Alps are visible to the S. From the E. side of the summit a view is obtained of the sombre Grosse Arbersee ( 3045 ft.), sur rounded with wood. The descent to the frontier - station Eisenstein (see below ) may be made either by the Thurnbauer, the Prennethöfe, and Bay risch - Eisenstein in 3 hrs., or past the lake in 2 hrs.The excursion to the Arber may be agreeably extended in the follow ing manner. Descend the N.W. side of the Arber to ( 11/2 hr. ) Sommerau (Inn ), at the s. base of the Osser (4245 ft .), the prominent double peak of which is a conspicuous object from the Arber. ( The ascent may be made either from this point or from Lam in 2 hrs. , while the descent may be made to stat. Eisenstrass at the N.E. base; comp. p. 291.) From Sommerau we proceed to ( 1 hr. ) Lam ( 1890 ft.; * Post) , a large village picturesquely situated on theWeisse Regen . Thence on foot across the Scharreben , through beautiful woods, back to (4 "/2 hrs. ) Bodenmais. - From Lam to Furth (p. 164) , 14 M., diligence daily viâ Neukirchen and Eschelkam , in 41/4 hrs.Above Zwiesel the train again crosses the Regen , and then the Kolbersbach by a lofty viaduct. The line ascends the left bank of the Regen , running parallel with the road to Bohemia , and reaches ( 128 M.) Ludwigsthal, with numerous glass and smelting houses , and the ( 133 M. ) Bavarian and Bohemian frontier-station Eisenstein (2372 ft.; * Rail. Restaurant ), which affords an admir able view of the imposing Grosse Arber (see above ), rising to the7S.W.About 1/2 M. to the W. lies the village of Bayrisch - Eisenstein (Bräu haus, with garden ), and 1/2 M. to the N. is the Bohemian Markt-Eisen stein (Osser; Arber; Böhmer-Wald ), prettily situated at the confluence of the Regen and the Eisenbach . An attractive excursion may be made tothe W. from the frontier-station, past the Elisenthal glass-house and through the valley of the Pichelbach , to the ( 13/4 hr. ) Scheiben ( 3515 ft . ) , which commands amagnificent mountain -panorama; another, also to the w. , to the Grosse Tanne ( alarge fir -tree, 61/2 ft. in diameter ), and to (3/4 hr. )Deffernik . To the ( 2 hrs.) Arber-See, and ascent of the Arber ( 31/2 hrs. ),see above . The ascent of the Seewand (4380 ft. ) from Markt- Eisensteinmakes another interesting expedition (21/2 hrs.; belvedere at the top):descend to the ( 1 br. ) romantic Schwarze See ( 3300 ft . ), and then either return past the Teufelssee to (21/2 hrs.) Eisenstein , or cross the Spitzberg sattel (* Restaurant, with fine view) to ( 1 hr. ) Spitzberg (p . 291) and take the train to ( 1/4 hr. ) Eisenstein. From Eisenstein to Pilsen, see p . 291 ..•...13. Burg. D. 5. 85. Czernin.Key to the Plan of Vienna .1. Academy D. 5.136 . Geolog.InstitutionF.4 . 69b . Archduke 2. Arsenal F. 7. 37. Musical Society D. 5 . William E. 4 .37a. Academ. Gym 70. Belvedere E. 6. Baths.nasium . E. 5. 71. Auersperg C. 4.3. Dianabad . E. 3. 37b , Commercial 72. Coburg D. E. 4. 4. Sophienbad . F. 3. Academy D. 5. 73. Dietrichstein C. 2.4a. Roman Bath F. 2. 38. House of De 73a. Archiepiscopal D.3.5. Kaiserbad D. 2 . puties C. 3. 74. Liechtenstein 5a.Margarethenbadc.6 . 39. Heinrichshof D. 4 . C. 1. F. 4.40. Printing Office , 74a. Palavicini D. 4. Railway Stations. Imp. E. 4. 75. Schwarzenberg E. 5.6. Northern Rail. F. 2. 41. Hospital of In 6a . North- Western E.1 . valids E. F. 4. 76. Police Office D. 3.7. Western . A. 5. 42. Lunatic Asylum B. 2. 77. Polytechn . In 8. Franz-Joseph 43. Josephinum C. 2 . stitution D. 5.Railway B. C. 1 .78. Post Office E. 3.9. Staatsbahn E. 7 .80. Rathhaus D. 3.9a. Southern E. 8.Churches.44. Altlerchenfeld B. 4 . Collections.10. Bank D. 3. 45. Garrison . D. 3. 82. Albertina D. 4 .11. Blind Asylum B. 3. 46. St. Anna's D. 4. 83. Ambras E. 5. 11a . Exchange. 1.3. 47. Augustine D. 4. 84. Exhibition, per 12. Botan . Garden E. 6. 48. St. Barbara's E. 4. man. of the Ar D. 4. 49. Capuchin D. 4 . tists ' Union . D. 3. 14. Burgthor C. D. 4. 50. St. Charles's 50a. St. Elizabeth's E. 6. 86. Belvedere (Pic C. 3.Barracks. 51. Protestant D. 4.ture Gall. ) E. 6. 15. Artillery . F. G.6. 52. Greek E. 3. 87. Harrach D. 3. 16. Cavalry B. 3. D. 1. 53. Gumpendorf, B. 6. 88. Liechtenstein C. 2. 17. Franz- Joseph E. 3. 54. Heilandskirche C. 3. 90. Museum of Art18. Train D. 6. E. 5. 55. St. John the and Industry D. 4.19. Guards E. 5 . Baptist's: D. 4 . 90a. Oriental Mu 20. Rudolph D. 2. 56. St. John's E. 3.seum D. 3.21. Heumarkt E. 5. 57. Lutheran . D. 3. 91. Schönborn Gal 23. Infantry (with Mili- 58. Maria- Stiegen D. 3 . lery D. 3.tary School) C.3. C.5 . 59. St. Michael's D. 4 .60. Minorites . 92. .Abattoirs B. 6. G. 6. 2. Cavalry School F. 5. 60a . St. Peter's D. 3. 93. Prot. School . D. 5. 24a. Chem . Labor 61. Salvator (Rath 94. Milit . Hospital C. 2.atory C. 3 . haus) D. 3. 95. Stables, Imp. C. 4 . 25. Credit- Anstalt D. 3. 62. Schottenkirche D.3. 96. Synagogue E. 3. 26. Criminal Court C. 3. 63. St. Stephen's 97. Deaf and Dumb 27. Steamb. Station F. 3. Cathedral D. 4 . Asylum 63a . Weissgärber F. 3. 97a . Teleg . Office D. 3.D. 6.Monuments.28. Trinity Column D.3. 64. Hospital , Gen 29. Marian Column D. 3. eral C. 2. 3. Theatres.30. Emp. Francis I. D. 4. 65. Wieden D. 6. 98. Hofburg Theatre D.4 .31 . Francis II . D. 4. 65a. Künstlerhaus D. 5 . 99. Opera D. 4.Joseph II . D. 4. 65b . Central Market 100. Stadt - Theater E.4.33. Archduke Hall E. 4. 101. An der Wien D. 5 .Charles D. 4. 65c. Retail Market E. 4. 102. Carl- Theater E. 3.34. Prince Eugene 66. Custom House E. 3. 103. Josephstadt C. 3. of Savoy D. 4. 67. Mil . Geogr. In 34a. Ressel D. 5 . stitution C. 3. 104. Theresianum D. 6.34b . Prince Schwar- 68. Mint . E. 4. 105. Veterinary In zenberg . D. 5. stitution . E. 5.106. University G. 3.35. Horticult. Society E.4.Palaces. 107. Volksgarten . C. 4 . 35a. Commander 69. ArchdukeAlbertD.4. 108. Orphan Asylum C.2 .in- chief C. 4. 69a. — Lewis Victor D.5. 109. Arsenal, Civic D. 3.D. 3.32....1E.E.6.C.d.D. E.4.in C.2opa) D.3.ein7. 1. F.4.1. D. berg E. 5. e D. 3.InD.5.E.3.D.3...ins.1.4. E. 5 . per er1. D. 3. C.3. (PicE. 6 1.3. ein C. 2 of Art try D.A D. 3. Galso B.6. G. 6. 1. D.5. al C. 2 · E. 3 mb1.6 ce D.3. treD.!! D.H terE.! en D.. r E. 3 C.3. D. 6. 1 E. 5.د نن خان m 0.2 D.211! 1AUSTRIA.34. Vienna.Arrival. Travellers arriving by railway should secure a fiacre ( p. 177 )as soon as possible. The omnibuses are not available for passengers with heavy luggage. Some of the larger hotels, however, now send omnibuses to meet the trains . - Steamboat- passengers are conveyed by small steamerson the canal from the landing-place of the larger vessels to the Karls brücke , or to the steamboat-offices ( p. 178) , where cabs are in waiting.Porters, see p. 180.Hotels. Interior of the City (see plan, p. 184 ): "HÔTEL IMPERIAL (Pl. a;D, 5 ), Kärntner -Ring 16; GRAND HÔTEL (Pl. b; D , 4 ), Kärntner-Ring9; * HÔTEL MÉTROPOLE (Pl.c; D , 3 ), Franz- Josephs-Quai 19; * HÔTEL DE FRANCE (Pl. d;D, 3 ), Schotten -Ring 3 (in the last two, R. from 1 fl.); HÔTEL DE L'OPÉRA ( P1. x;D , 4 ), Augustiner-Str. 4 , behind the opera-house; Hôtel Munsch ( Pl. e);

• ARCHDUKE CHARLES (Pl. f), * HÔTEL MEISSL & SCHADEN ( Pl . g) , all in the Kärntner - Str. ( Pl . D, 4; Nos. 28, 31 , 24 ); " STADT FRANKFURT (Pl . h) ,
• MATSCHAKERHOF ( Pl . i ) , both in the Seilergasse ( Pl. D , 4; Nos. 14 and 6);
• KAISERIN ELISABETH (P1. k; D, 4 ), Weihburggasse 3; HÔTEL MÜLLER ( P1.1;

D , 3 ), Graben 19; * OESTERREICHISCHER HOF (Pl. m; E , 3 ) , corner of the Fleischmarkt and the Rothenthurin - Str.; HÔTEL ROYAL (Pl. r; D , 4 ),Singer -Str . 3; * KÖNIG VON UNGARN (Pl. s; E, 4) , Schuler- Str. 10 , by the Stephans- Platz; HÔTEL WANDL ( Pl . n; D , 3 ), Peter 12. Second - class:STADT LONDON (Pl. 0; E, 3) , Fleischmarkt 22; Hôtel KLOMSER ( Pl . p;D , 3), Herrengasse 19; UNGARISCHE KRONE (Pl. q; D , 4 ) , Himmelpfort gasse 14; WEISSER WOLF (Pl. r; E , 3) , Wolfengasse 3; GOLDNE ENTE (Pl. t;E , 4) , Schuler- Str . 22; DREIFALTIGKEIT (Pl. u; D , 3 ), Judengasse 12.Hôtels Garnis: * HÔTEL TEGETTHOFF ( Pl. v; E , 4 ) , Verlängerte Johannes gasse 23 , with café , in a pleasant and quiet neighbourhood; others at Fleischmarkt 16 , Pestalozzigasse 4, Neubadgasse 4, Plankengasse 5, Kärnt ner- Str. 42, etc. Suburbs. In the Leopoldstadt ( to the N.E., beyond the Danube Canal,near the N. railway -station ): *GOLDNES LAMM (Pl. a; E , 3 ), Prater -Str. 7;

• HÔTEL DE L'EUROPE ( Pl . b) , Asperngasse 2; * Weisses Ross (Pl . r; E, 3 ),

Tabor- Str. 8; * KRONPRINZ VON OESTERREICH ( Pl. c ) , Asperngasse 4 and 6;HÔTEL NATIONAL ( Pl. s; E , 3) , Tabor -Str. 18 . Second - class: HÔTEL SCHRÖDER (Pl. e; E , 3), Tabor- Str. 12; NORDBAHN- HÔTEL ( Pl. d; F, 2) ,Prater -Str. 72, near the Northern Railway Station; HÔTEL DU NORD (P1.f E , 2) , Kaiser - Joseph - Str. 13; KAISERKRONE (Pl . g; E , 3) , Circusgasse 3( frequented by Jews); BERLIN (Pl. h; E, 2) , Tabor- Str. 74; GoldNER ADLER ( Pl . i) , BAYRISCHER HOF (Pl. k) , SCHWARZER ADLER ( Pl. l ) , NORDWESTBAHN ( Pl. m ), and GOLDNER PFAU ( Pl. n ) , all in the Tabor- Str. ( Nos. 22, 39 , 11 ,47, 10 ); HÔTEL GARNI ATHÈNES ( ÞI. P ) , Prater - Str. 36; Deutscher Hof (Pl. q; E, F, 2), Grosse Stadtgutgasse 23. At Landstrasse ( E. side): HÔTEL HUNGARIA (Pl. a; F, 3), Prager- Str . 13; GOLDNE BIRN ( Pl. b), BLAUE KUGEL ( Pl. c), and RoTHER HAHN (Pl. d ) , all in the Haupt- Str . (31 , 122, 40);GOLDNER ADLER ( Pl . e; F, 3), Radetzky- Str. 5 .At Wieden ( S. side): HÔTEL VICTORIA ( Pl . f; D, 5 ), Favoriten -Str. 11;GOLDNES KREUZ (Pl. g) , DREI KRONEN ( Pl. h) , * GOLDNES LAMM (Pl .:),Stadt EDENBURG ( Pl. k) , Stadt Triest ( Pl. I) , ZILLINGER (Pl. m ), all in the Haupt- Str. ( Pl. D, 5; Nos. 20, 13, 7, 9, 14, 25 ). At Mariahilf ( S.W. side):ENGLISCHER HOF (Pl.'n; B , 2), HÔTEL KUMMER ( Pl . 0; C , 5 ), GOLDNES KREUZ (Pl. P; B , 5 ), all in the Haupt - Str. of Mariahilf (Nos. 81, 71 , 99) . – At Neubau (W.side): * HÔTEL HÖLLER (Pl . q; C , 4 ), Burggasse 2; WESTBAHN ( Pl. r*; B, 5 ), Haupt- Str . 74. -At Josephstadt ( W . side ): "HÔTEL HAMMERAND176 Route 34 . VIENNA . Restaurants .( P ).:; ( ', 3) , Schlösselgasse 6 and Florianigasse, near the Burgring. At Alsergrund ( N.W. side): HÔTEL FRANZ- JOSEPH - BAHN ( P) . t; C , 2) , Por zellangasse 32; * UNION (Pl. u; C , 1) , Nussdorfer- Str. 23. At Fünfhaus:Fuchs ( Pl . v; A, 5 , 6 ), Schönbrunner -Str. 12; HOLZWARTH (Pl. w; A, 6 ),Schönbrunner- Str. 28; WIMBERGER , Fünfhauser Neubau -Gürtel 2. At Rudolfsheim: SCHWENDER (Pl . X; A , 6 ) , Schönbrunner - Str. 3, and manyothers .CHARGES at the first-class hotels: R. 1 f. and upwards, L. 50 kr., A. 50 kr., small portion of coffee and bread 50 kr.; at the smaller hotels and those in the suburbs about one- fourth less . It is advisable to inquire the charge of the room first assigned to the traveller, in order that a less expensive one may be obtained if necessary . Few travellers dine or even breakfast at their hotel, unless ladies are of the party. (A few of the larger hotels, however, have introduced the table d'hôte system. ) Coffee , etc. ,is obtained at a good café for one- third of the hotel-charge, while dinner ( everywhere à la carte) and supper are taken where most convenient. At most of the restaurants a dinner may also be procured for a party at afixed price (1-11 /2 fl . per head and upwards) . All the hotels have plainer rooms on the ground floor , where dinner (equally good ) may be obtained at a more moderate rate than in the large dining- room on the first floor.Beer everywhere.Fees usual at the principal hotels: Chambermaid for 3-4 days 1/2 11.,for a week 1 fl.; boots 20 kr. per day, 1 fl . per week; porter for carrying luggage to and from the fiacre 20-40 kr.; waiters at each meal 4 - 20 kr.;concierge 50 kr. Where service is charged in the bill, only the concierge,boots, and porter expect gratuities.Private Apartments may be obtained in any part of the town without difficulty, from 20 fl. per month upwards, and for a prolonged stay are preferable to a hotel. Application may be madeto the Wohnungs-Bureau,Kärntner- Ring 3. The 'Hausmeister ', who opens the door at night, receives a fee of 10 kr. ( 20-30 kr. for a party, or when the hour is very late ) .Restaurants. Besides the above -mentioned hotels (dinner-hour 12-5 , supper after 7): * Breying & Sohn , Graben 10, entrance from the Spiegel gasse 2 , and Dorotheengasse 1; * Gust. Breying, Reichsrath - Str. 8; E. Sacher, Augustiner - Str. 4; " J. Sacher, Weihburggasse 5; *Leidinger, Kärnt ner - Str . 61; " Ronacher , Schottenbastei 3; Winternitz , Franz - Josephs Quai 1; * Rother Igel , Wildpretmarkt 3, with entrance from the Tuch lauben; * Hamburger Restauration, Verlängerte Himmelpfortgasse 27, near the Stadt- Theater; * Goldne kugel, in the Hof; Rathfuss, Schotten -Ring 32;Römischer Kaiser, Renngasse 1; Steindl , Steindlgasse 4 , first floor; Zum Riedhof, Schlösselgasse 12 and Wickenburggasse 15 (Josephstadt); * Zum Rothen Rössl , Wieden Haupt- Str. , corner of Favoriten - Str.; Zum Kegel,Magdalenen- Str. 32 (Mariahilf); Zur Goldnen Birn, Mariahilfer-Str . 30; Zum Grünen Anker, Grünangergasse (fish ). Refreshment-rooms at the N. , N.W.,the Franz-Joseph's, the S., and the “ Staats ' railway-stations. – Beer (gener ally excellent; 'krügel' 1/2 litre; ' seidel ' , or glass, = '/3 litre; 'schnitt 1/2 krügel; 'pfiff" 1/2 seidel) is the usual beverage at the following houses: . * Zur Grossen Tabakspfeife, Goldschmiedgasse 9, at the Stephans Platz; *Michaeler Bierhaus, Michaeler- Platz 6; * Zum Lothringer, Kohl markt 24; Dreher's Bierhalle , Naglergasse 1 , near the Graben (also good wine ); Tum Rebhuhn , Goldschmiedgasse 6; Fiedler , Kärntner -Str. 35 and Johannesgasse 2; Neubauer , Seilerstätte 11, near thé Stadt- Theater; * Drei Raben , Rabenplatz and Rothgasse 1; " Blumenstock, Ballgasse 6; Linde (handsome room ), Rothenthurm - Str. 12; * Zum Alten Stubenthor , Woll zeile 38; " Schottenhammer, Tiefer Graben 25. The following are all in or near the Ring-Str.: Dreher , Operngasse 8; Gause , Kärtner-Ring 10 and Johannesgasse 12į Höllriegi , Babenberger -Str. 5; Jaroschauer Bierhalle,Eschenbachgasse 5; Wieninger, Universitäts - Str. 9; Mühlsteiner, Park Ring; Krischke, Kolowrat- Ring 1; Linsenmayer , Auersperg-Str. 6; * Ronacher ,Schottenbastei 3 ( concerts, see p. 179 ); Geyer, corner of the Schotten -Ring and Franz- Josephs - Quai; Niebauer, in the Augarten ( p. 205). Dreher's Bierhalle at Landstrasse, Haupt- Str. 97 , and Zobel's, outside the Mariahilf Line, have gardens. (Some of the Viennese dishes have peculiar names,-Fiacres. VIENNA. 34. Route. 177e. g. Gulias ' , Hungarian baked meat , peppered; ' Papricahähnel, fowl prepared in a similar way; ' Jungfernbraten ', roastpork with juniper-berries;Marine-Braten ', 'Ofener Braten', 'Husaren -Braten ', varieties ofstewed beef;' Fisolen' , beans; 'Carviol' , cauliflower; ' Kren' , horse -radish; ' Aspic' , jelly;‘ Risibisi', rice and peas; Minestra ', soup with rice and cauliflower . )Wine. * E. Sacher , Augustiner- Str. 4; J. Sacher, Weihburggasse 8;Französisches Restaurant, Kolowrat-Ring 5; Giri (Italian house), Schuler Str. 12; * Schneider , Rothenthurm - Str. 31; Stefanskeller, Stefans-Platz 2;Obenaus, Kölnerhofgasse 2; * Pranner, Seilergasse 5. These are also restau rants . At the Schwarzes Kameel, Bognergasse 5, the * Drei Laufer , Kobl markt 26 , and Tommasoni's , Wollzeile 12, cold viands only are supplied .The best white Austrian wines are Weidlinger , Gumpoldskirchener,Retzer, and Meilberger; the best red is Vöslauer. White Hungarian wines: Ruster, Nesmelyer, Schomlauer, Tokayer; red , Erlauer, Ofener ,and Carlowitzer. The cheapest Hungarian wine is procured at the Ester hazy - Keller (in the Haarhof), open 11-1 and 5-7 o'clock , frequented by all classes, although dark and uninviting; also at the Schottenhof . Dalmatian wine at the Keller, Domgasse 6 (open 9-12 and 4-7). Spanish wines at Kärntner- Ring 14 and Kolowrat-Ring 14. The Viennese generally drink their wine mixed with soda-water (syphon 10-20 kr .). The ordinary table wine is known as Marker ( sc. Markersdorfer). ' Ein Achtel gespritzt means 1/8 litre of table-wine with 1/8 litre of soda-water; 'doppelt' or ' voll ge spritzt means with twice the quantity of soda -water .Cafés. * Café de l'Europe, Stephansplatz 8a; * Pfob , Graben 29; John ,Tuchlauben 11 , with ladies' room; Pirus, Neuer Markt 4 and Kärntner Str. 24; Bauer, Opern - Ring 3; * Frohner , Kärntner - Ring 16; Landtmann,Franzens- Ring 14; * Métropole, Franz - Josephs - Quai 19, and many others.Then the cafés in the Volksgarten ( pp. 179, 188) and Stadtpark ( the Cursalon,mu frequented on summer- evenings , concerts in winter on Sun. andThurs., see p. 203 ). At Leopoldstadt: Stierböck , Prater- Str . 6; Wild ,Asperngasse 4 & 6; Zum Carl- Theater, Prater- Str. 29; Pawlik, Prater-Str. 65,with a pleasant garden on the Praterstern . - At Mariahilf ( S.W. suburb ):Pedretti, Marschall, Gabesam , Schweiger, etc. , in the Mariahilf Haupt- Str.- At Josephstadt: Korb, Rutt, both in the Landesgericht- Str . At Wie den: Herculanum , Wien-Str. 21 , and many others. - Glass of coffee 12 20 kr. (with milk, ' melange' ) , rolls 2 kr. each , waiter 2-5 kr. Ices to behad at most of the cafés , bottled beer at many.Confectioners. * Demel, Michaeler - Platz 3 , excellent ices ( "Gefrornes ')of every description (“Ribisel', currant; ‘Weinscharl', barberry; " Dierndi',cornelian -cherry; 'Agras', gooseberry; Marillen ', apricot; ' Obers' , cream;'Schmankerl resembles vanilla -ice ); Wiederer, Bognergasse 11; * Ehrlich,Rothenthurm - Str. 20; Gerstner , Kärntner- Str. 5; Schelle, Kärntner- Ring 53.Chocolate: Jordan & Timäus, Freisingergasse 6;. Stollwerck, Kärtner- Str. 47 and Zweite Prater- Str. 50 .Fiacres. The following charges are from the Tariff of 1874: Bytime. Two-horse carr. (“fiacre ') per drive within the Lines , excluding the Prater, 1 fl. for the first 1/2 hr. , 1/2 fl. for each additional 1/2 hr. One- horsecarr. ( comfortable') for the first 1/4 hr. 50, for the first 1/2 hr. 60, for each additional 1/4 hr. 20 kr. — Beyond the lines no fixed charges . For waiting 1/2 fl. per 1/2 hr. for a two-horse, 20 kr. per 1/4 hr. for a one-horse carr.At night ( 11 p.m. to 7 a.m.) fares one- half higher. Fixed charges for the following drives: From any point within the Lines to any part of the Prater as far as the Swimming Baths in the Danube and the second ' Rondeau', to the Arsenal, Gaudenzdorf, Meidling, Fünfhaus, Sechshaus,Rudolfsheim , Neu -Lerchenfeld, Ottakring, Hernals, Währing, Weinhaus,Ober- Döbling, and Simmering, 2 f. with two, 1 fl . 20 kr. with one horse.To Schönbrunn, Hietzing, Penzing, or Dornbach 2 11. 50 with two, 1 fl.60 kr. with one horse; to Hetzendorf, Neuwaldegg , Grinzing, Nussdorf,Floridsdorf, Sievering, steamboat-quay in the Prater, etc., 3 fl . or 2 A. 20 kr.Waiting charged for as above. If the carriage be used for returning, the return -fare is charged by time: 50 kr. per 1/2 hr. for two horses , 20 kr.per 1/4 hr. for one horse. At night, fares one - half higher , as above.To and from the railway -stations , from one railway to another, from theBAEDEKER'S S. Germany, 5th Edit. 129178 Route 34. VIENNA.Omnibuses.>Westbahnhof to Sechshaus, Fünfhaus, Rudolfsheim , Gaudenzdorf, Unter Weidling and Ober- Weidling , and from the S. and Staatsbahn railway stations to the Arsenal , 14/2 or 1 fl.; at night 2 fl . 20 or 1 fl. 30 kr. Lug gage in the vehicle free , on the outside 40 or 30 kr. each package. The driver expects a small gratuity. The hirer pays the toll in crossing the Lines. The driver is not allowed to smoke while driving. Each vehiclecontains a block of tickets with the number of the driver on one side and a blank space for complaints on the other; in cases of overcharge one of these may be detached and sent to the ‘ Polizei- Direction' with the name and address of the complainant.Omnibuses within the Lines 12 kr. , without respect to distance; prin cipal starting -point the Stephans-Platz , whence also omnibuses run to the railway -stations ( 12 kr. , those at a quicker pace 15 kr. ). The latter usu ally start every 1/4 hr.; those to the . and w . stations take 25 - 30 min.for the journey. The traveller should therefore be at the Stephans-Platz 1 hr. before the departure of the train . The 'Correspondence System ' (see below ) has been introduced in the lines of the New Omnibus Company (ticket entitling to one change of carriage 15 kr. ) . Books of tickets (ten tickets 1 fl . ) are issued for the routes within the town and to the nearest suburbs (Döbling, Hietzing , Weinhaus , etc. ) . Stands: for the Arsenal ( 12 kr. ) , Verlängerte Kärntner -Str.; Döbling (in 1/2 hr., 12 kr. ) , Freiung,Am Hof, and Wieden Haupt-Str. 52; Dornbach (3/4 hr., 20 kr.), Juden -Platz,and Hof; Grinzing ( 3/4 hr., 20 kr.), Hof; Hetzendorf (25 kr. ), Elisabeth Str .; Hietzing (and Schönbrunn; 15 kr., after 10 p.m. 20 kr. ), Neuer Markt,Peter, Stephans-Platz, Lobkowitz -Platz; Klosterneuburg (11/2 hr., 40 kr.),Minoriten - Platz; Meidling ( 12, Sun. 20 kr. ) , Stephans-Platz; Neulerchenfeld (12 kr.), Hof, Stephans-Platz , Wieden, Haupt- Str . 38; Neu- Waldegg ( 1 hr.,20 kr.), Hof, Juden -Platz; Nussdorf (26 kr. ), Hof; Ottakring (12 kr.), Hof;Penzing ( 1/2 hr., 15 kr.) , Neuer Markt, Lobkowitz-Platz; Pötzleinsdorf (25 kr. ) ,Freiung; Sophienbad ( 10 kr. ) , Stephans - Platz; Währing, Weinhaus , and Cottage- Verein ( 12 kr. ) , Freiung, Praterstern , Rudolfsheim . The omnibusesbegin running at 6 a.m. (in winter 7 a.m.) , ' and cease at 10 p.m. (in winter 9 p.m.); an omnibus starts for the Cottage-Verein, however, at 10.15 p.m. during the whole year. Smoking-coupés are provided.Tramway , with good cars (coupés for smokers), open in summer,round the interior of the city, by the Ring - Strasse and the Franz-Josephs Quai and across the Aspernbrücke, to the Praterstern (N. and N.W. Railway Stations, and baths), every 5-10 min. ( fare 12 kr. ) . Also to Döbling, Her nals , Fünfhaus, Rudolfsheim , Simmering ( as far as the tramway-stables;fare 12 kr. ) . To Penzing and Dornbach 18 kr. (from the Ring- Str. 15, from the Mariahilf and Hernals Line 12 kr. ) . From the Schwarzenberg -Platz to the Central Cemetery 20 kr. Beyond the lines 6 kr. extra. If the tramway- car does not go in the direct route to the passenger's destination ,he may apply to the conductor for a correspondence ticket with the line which will convey him thither , and ask to be set down where the two lines cross (no additional payment) . A blue lamp on a car signifies that it is the last for the day on that route. The cars of the New Tram way Company ply on the Gürtel- Strasse (only partly completed , see p. 184)from the Hernals to the Mariahilf Line every 7-10 min. (10 kr. ) . Branch lines diverge from the Neulerchenfeld- Linie to Alt-Ottakring and from the Westbahn - Linie to Breitensee .Railway Stations (connected with each other by a loop -line ). North ern ( ‘Kaiser -Ferdinands-Nordbahn ') at the Praterstern (RR. 49, 50 ). North Western (R.48) in the Leopoldstadt, outside theTabor-Linie. Southern(“Süd.bahn '; RR . 35, 39 ) and “ Staatsbahn' (RR. 49, 55 ) outside the Favoriten- and Belvedere- Line. Western ( ' Kaiserin-Elisabeth- Westbahn' ) outside the Maria hilf Line (R. 36 ). Franz - Joseph's, Alsergrund ( RR. 47, 49) . Wien- Aspanger Bahn , St. Marxer Linie (Pl. F, 6) .Steamboats. Office on the Danube Canal, beyond the Radetzky Bridge,Dampfschiff- Str. 2. As the larger steamers cannot enter the canal , passengers are conveyed to them by small steamboats. Those for Linz (R. 37 )start from the Karls- Steg, by the Franz - Josephs Quai, those for Pest (R. 52)from a quay below the Aspernbrücke , near the steamboat-offices. Other3Theatres. VIENNA. 34. Route, 179small steamers ( “Mouches') ply every 1/2 hr. in the forenoon and every 1/4 hri in the afternoon to the Schüttel in the Prater ( fare 10 kr. ) .Post- Office (Pl . 78; E , 3) , Postgasse 10, open 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. Branch offices in the Inner City, Habsburgergasse 9, Seilerstätte 22, Landskron gasse 1, Franz- Josephs Quay (Esslinggasse ) , Maximilian - Str. 4 , Herren gasse 13; at Leopoldstadt, Tabor-Str. 27, Prater-Str. 54;Landstrasse, Löwen gasse 32 , Haupt- Str. 65; Wieden , Neumanngasse 3; Margarethen , Hunds thurmer- Str . 26; Mariahilf , Gumpendorfer -Str. 63; Neubau , Siebenstern gasse 21 , Zieglergasse 8; Josephstadt, Maria - Treugasse 4; Alsergrund,Währinger- Str. 1; Favoriten , Himberger -Str. 44. Also in the suburbs Her nals, Währing, etc., and at all the railway -stations. The letter-boxes in the streets are cleared twelve times daily. There are also thirteen offces for sending dispatches to different parts of the city by Pneumatic Tube Post (in the inner town, Börsen - Platz 1 , Fleischmarkt 19, Kärtner-Ring 3,Schotten -Ring 16 & 19; letters 20 kr. , cards 10 kr. , cards with prepaid answer 20 kr.) . The letter -boxes for the pneumatic post are smaller than the ordinary ones and painted grey.Telegraph. Central Office (Pl. 97 a; D, 3 ), Börsen - Platz 1. Branch offices: Fleischmarkt 19 , Habsburgergasse 9, Kärntner - Ring 3 , Schotten Ring 16 & 19, Tabor- Str. 27; also in the suburbs . — The Private Telegraph Co. for Vienna (20 words for 25 kr. ) and the environs has branch - offices in all the principal streets. It also forwards dispatches to any of the government telegraph- stations.Police Office ( Pl. 76; D, 3 ) , Schottenring 18 ( night - entrance by the Hohenstaufengasse). District Offices in the different sections of the city and in the suburbs of Ottakring, Währing, and Döbling.Theatres. Performances begin at 7 o'clock. A fee of ' / 2-1 fl. is charged for engaging seats beforehand . The charge for each article left in the cloak- room is 10 kr. Imperial Theatres: Opera (Pl . 99; D, 4) , closed in June, operas and ballet only; stalls 31/2-5 , best boxes 4-5 , reserved parterre seats 3 fl ., others in proportion (prices 50 p.c. higher for Italian operas).Hofburg Theatre (Pl . 98; D, 4) , closed from 1st July to 16th Aug. , tragedy,comedy , and classical dramas; stalls 21/2-3, reserved parterre-seats 2 fl.Private Theatres: Stadt- Theater (Pl. 100; E , 4) , Seilerstätte 7, stalls 2, best boxes 3-5 f . Theater an der Wien (Pí . 101; D , 5) , dramas, comedies,operettas, etc.;; stalls or dress - circle 3, amphitheatre- stalls 2 f1. Carl- Theater,in the Leopoldstadt (Pl. 102), operettas, comedies, spectacular pieces; best boxes 31/2-5 , dress-circle 31/2 , reserved parterre 3 f1 . Josephstadt- Theater ( Pl. 103; C, 3 ), popular plays and farces, pit 11/2 fl. Grey- Theater , Canova gasse 5. At the less attractive performances prices are sometimes re duced by one -third . Tickets for popular performances are bought up to alarge extent by speculators . Summer Theatres: Volkstheater, in the Prater; Colosseum , at Rudolfsheim; Schwender's Neue Welt , at Hietzing (see below) .Concer in Volksgarten every afternoon in summer; admissionwhen a military band plays, 20 kr.; when Strauss's celebrated band performs 50 kr.; on Tuesday and Friday evenings , with illumination , 1 fl . (sub scription for the season 20 fl. ). Military music at the cafés in the Prater ( adm . gratis ). In the Augarten ( p . 205) on Tuesdays, Saturdays, and Sun days, in favourable weather. - In winter daily at Ronacher's Établissem*nt,Schotten bastei; on Sundays in the Volksgarten , in the hall of the Musik verein ( p . 202) , and at the Sophienbad ( see below ); on Sundays and Thursdays in the Cursalon and the flower-saloons of the Gartenbau -Gesell schaft (p. 203). Concerts of Classical Music in the rooms of the Musik verein, or in those of the piano-manufacturers, Bösendorfer, Herrengasse;Ehrbar, Mühlgasse 6 (IV. District); and Heizmann & Son, Graben 15 .Popular Resorts. Ronacher's Etablissemeut , in the third Café in thePrater; Hornick`s Tonhalle, Wien - Str . 4, Wieden; Orpheum , Wasagasse 33 , Alsergrund , and numerous other cafés-chantants . Beyond the Lines: Co losseum at Rudolfsheim; Dommayer's Casino and Schwender's Neue Welt at Hietzing ( p. 226); Casino and Schwarzer Adler at Oberdöbling. Balls in winter at the Sophienbad and Dianabad ( see below) , and at the Flower Saloons (p . 203 ). Three masked- balls in the rooms of the Musikverein dur>12 *180 Route 34 . VIENNA.Baths.ing the Carnival. Skating Rinks at the Wiener Eislauf- Verein (p. 206 )and in the Volksprater (p . 224 ). - Panorama (Paris during the Commune,by Castellani), Prater- Str. 42, Leopoldstadt.Military Music daily at 12.30 p.m in fine weather ( Sun. excepted) in the Burg, by theMonument of Emp: Francis ( p. 187).Baths. * Sophienbad ( Pl . 4; F, 4), in the Landstrasse quarter, Marxer gasse 13 , with vapour, douche, and swimming - baths; 9-12 o'clock ladies only; warm bath 50 , cold 35 , adm. for non -bathers 20 kr.; omnibus be tween the Sophienbad and Stephans-Platz every 1/2 hr. , 10 kr. there, 15 kr.there and back. — * Dianabad ( Pl. 3; E , 3), Obere Donau-Str. 81, Leopold stadt , left of the Ferdinandsbrücke. At both these establishments the bath room is fitted up as a ballroom in winter. -- Kaiserbad ( Pl . 5; D , 2), Franz Josephs -Quai, near the corner of the Schottenring, bath 35-80 kr. (also ahydropathic establishment); Leopoldsbad , Obere Donau- Str. 31 , Leopold stadt; * Margarethenbad (Pl. 5 a; c , 6 ), Wildenmannsgasse 5,in the Mar garethen district, bath 80 kr. to 1A. 50 kr.; * Russian Bath, Liniengasse 5 ,Gumpendorf; Bründlbad , Lazarethgasse 16; * Florabad, Floragasse 7, Wie den; Herculanumbad , Wien - Str ., Wieden (with swimming - bath ); * Ester hazybad , Gumpendorfer-Str. 59; Roman Bath ( Pl. 4 a; F , 2) , beautifully fitted up, Kleine Stadtgutgasse , opposite the N. Railway Station , etc. —River Baths. * Städtische Badeanstalt (p. 225 ), on the right bank of theDanube , admirably fitted up , 1st class bath 1 fl.; * Military Swimming School, farther down on the same bank; Holzer's River Baths, on the left bank; Concordiabad , in the Danube Canal , Franz- Josephs Quay , above the Carlsbrücke; Danube Baths, at Oberdöbling, Haupt- Str., in a shady park (also warm baths).Medical Advice may be obtained gratis at the Allgemeine Poliklinik,Oppolzergasse 4. Surgical cases are well attended to at Dr. Eder's Private Establishment, Josephstadt 53 . Dentists: Brunn, Stephans- Platz 2; Franz,Kärtner- Str. 33; Jarisch, Schottenhof.Porters for carrying carpet- bags , etc. , from the railway -station to afiacre 10 , larger articles of luggage20 kr.; to a hotel 1 / 2-1 fl.Commissionnaires ( Dienstmänner ) . Charge for an errand within a dis trict (Bezirk ) 10 kr. ( incl . 24 lbs . of luggage ); into an immediately adjoin ing district 20 kr.; into any other district 30 kr.; for luggage over 24 and under 62 lbs . these charges are doubled; for carrying luggage under 24 lbs . to a railway -station , in the same district 15, into another district 30-40 kr.; if hired by time for light jobs, 1 hr. 50-60 kr.; fee for obtaining theatre or concert tickets according to bargain . The commissionnaires are all numbered, and are bound to carry a tariff of charges , which should be consulted in doubtful cases.Shops. The best are in the Kohlmarkt, Graben , Kärntner-Str. , and Stephans-Platz. Leather - wares sold by Aug. Klein, Graben 20; Rosenberg,Graben 16; Rodeck, Graben 7; Etz, Kohlmarkt5; Weidmann , Mariahilfer Strasse 49. Carpets: Haas & Sons, Stock im Eisen 6, and Elisabethgasse 7;Backhausen , Opernring 1; Oriental carpets and embroidery , Jac . Adutt,Fleischmarkt 7. Jewellery and plate: Mayer Sons, Stock ' im Eisen 7;Rozet and Fischmeister , Kohlmarkt 11; Taube & Co., Graben 7; Haupt mann & Co., Kohlmarkt 3; Reiner , Kohlmarkt 7; Brandeis, Kärntner -Str.35; Politzer & Son , Graben 30; Granichstädten , Graben 29; Goldschmidt,Goldschmidgasse, Aziendahof, first floor.. Electro- plate: Cristofle & Co.,Opernring 5; Depôt of the Berndorf Manufactory of Metallic Wares, Gra ben 12 and Bognergasse 7. Meerschaum and other pipes: F. Hiess, Kärntner Str. 7; Mager, Kärntner- Str. 24; C. Hiess, Graben 8; Klitsch, Graben 7;Keiss, Graben 16. Crystal wares: Lobmeyer, Kärntner-Str. 13; Bakalowits,Hoher Markt 5. Porcelain: Wahliss , Kärntner- Str. 17. Galvanoplasticworks of art: C. Haas, Dreilaufergasse 5, Neubau. All these may be re garded more or less as the specialties of Vienna. Depôt of the ' Vienna Shoe Company', Kärntner-Ring 1; Hahn & Diamant, bootmakers, Bognergasse 13 .Clothiers: Rothberger, Stephans-Platz 9; Buchmüller, Tuchlauben 28; Wei ner & Grünbaum , Graben 26. Gentlemen's Outfitters: Jägern , Graben;Steinbühler , Freiung 8. Milliners: Elsinger & Sons, Mariahilfer -Str. 60;Tomasi, Kirchengasse 28 , Neubau; Mayer, Adler- Platz, Wieden. Umbrellas,Collections. VIENNA . 34. Route. 181etc.: Walter, Währinger- Str. 7. Perfumery: G. Steinmetz, Bauernmarkt 1;K. Steinmetz, Stephans-Platz 6. Gloves: Jaquemar, Herrngasse 6; Zacharias,Spiegelgasse 2; Kurth , Negerlegasse, Leopoldstadt; Adam Sohn, Wieden;Frz. Schubert, Paniglgasse, Wieden. Hatter: Pless, Graben 31.Money Changers. Unionbank, Graben 13; Lombard- und Escompte- Bank,Kärntner -Str. 10; Anglo- Austrian Bank , Stephans - Platz 8; Epstein , Stock im -Eisen - Platz 3; Völcker & Co., Kohlmarkt 26; Verkehrsbank , Wipp linger-Str. 28 .Markets . The markets of Vienna, which are abundantly supplied from every part of the empire, merit a visit in the forenoon . Fruit Market in the Hof ( and at the Elisabethenbrücke , Wieden ). Fish Market on theFranz - Josephs-Quai: excellent fish , e. g. the Fogasch caught in the Platten see ( p. 328 ); Huchen , a kind of trout; Schill; Sterling , resembling stur geon. - The spacious Central - Markthalle ( Pl. 65 b) in the suburb Land strasse , opposite the Stubenthor bridge , is worthy of a visit. Retail Market Hall , on the Stubenbastei, Liebenberggasse (p. 203 ). HorseMarket (Wiener Tattersall), Prater-Str . 51.Embassies and Consulates. British Ambassador, Sir G. H. Elliot , Metter nichgasse 6; Consul, Mr. G. Nathan , Schwarzenberg - Str. 3. American Ambassador, Mr. Taft , Dorotheengasse 11; Consul, Lieut . Col. Weaver,Schottengasse 10. English Church Service at the chapel of the British Embassy at 11 a.m.; Chaplain , Rev. Geo . Johnston . Scotch Church , Breite Gasse 7, Mariahilf ( service at 11 a.m.) .Collections .

• Academy of Art ( p . 200 ): Picture Gallery, Sat, and Sun. 10-1; Plaster Casts 10-1 on the first five days of the week, in winter Tues. and Frid . 5-7 (closed 15th - 30th Sept.).

Agricultural Collections (p . 197 ) , Herrengasse 13 , daily on application to to the secretary .Albertina (p . 192) , Mon., Thurs. 10-2 o'clock.

• Ambras Collection (p . 216) , Sun. 10-1 , Tues. and Frid. 10-4; closed in winter ( from November ).

Antiques and Egyptian Antiquities ( p. 215 ), as the last.Aquarium (p . 225 ), daily 9 a.m. to 8 p.m .; adm. 30 kr.Arsenal (p . 218)." Museum of Armour, Tues. , Thurs. , Sat. 9-3 (from Nov. to May Thurs. only, 10-2 ).

• Arsenal, Civic ( p. 195), from May to Oct. daily 9-3.

Blind Asylum , Josephstadt, Kaiser- Str. 188; public examinations, Thurs. 10-12 . Vacation in August.

• Coins and Antiquities (p . 190 ) , Mon. and Thurs. , 10-2 .

Deaf and Dumb Asylum , Wieden , Favoriten - Str. 13; public examinations,Sat. 10-12 ( vacation Aug. and Sept.).Educational Exhibition, Westbahn- Str . 25 , Neubau , Thurs. 9-12 and 3-6 (in winter 2-4).Geological Institution ( p . 206 ), Tues. 10-1.Government Printing- Office ( p. 193; Singer- Str. 26 ), Tues. and Frid . 9-12 , on application at the office.Imperial Burg ( p. 187) , ordinary rooms daily 3-6 , on application to the Burghauptmann between 9 and 12.Imperial Garden and Hot- houses( p. 188 ), Hofburg, daily by ticket obtained at the Oberhofmeister's Office .

• Imperial Library ( p. 188 ), daily 9-4 , except Sun., closed from 1st Aug. to 15th Sept. (large room closed in winter, but shown up till 2 p.m. for a fee; MSS. not shown after 2 p.m.) .

Imperial Stables (p. 199 ) , tickets obtained at the office of the Oberstallmeister in the Amalienhof, daily 1-3. * Imperial Treasury (p. 190 ) , Tues., Thurs., Frid . 10-1; from 1st Nov, to 30th April, Tues. and Frid. only. Tickets procured at the office of the Schatzmeister, in the Schweizerhof , at the Hofburg (p. 187 ) , on the day previous, 10-12. These are available only for the hours and per sons specified. Strangers, however , are generally admitted without previous application on presenting their cards.182 Route 34. VIENNA . Diary.Industrial Museum (p. 201 ) , week -days (Sat. excepted) 3-7 , Sun.'and holi days 9-7 . Josephinum (p. 222 ) , an anatomical cabinet , daily 11-1 , tickets procured at the office .Miethke's Permanent Exhibition of Art, Neuer Markt 13 , daily, 9-6 ( 30 kr. ) .

• Minerals ( p. 189 ) , Wed., Sat. 10-1 .
• Museum of Art and Industry ( p. 204 ) Sun. 9-1 , and Thurs., Frid . , and

Sat. 9-4 , gratis; on Tues. and Wed. 9-4 , adm. 30 kr.Musikverein , building (p. 202) daily , except Sunday, 9-5 , 20 kr.Natural History Cabinet ( p. 189) , Thurs. 9-1 , closed in August.

• Opera House (p . 199) , Opernring , during the July vacation by appli cation at the office .

Oriental Museum (p. 198) , Börsengasse 2 , week- days 10-4 ( 30 kr. ) , Sun. and holidays 9-1 ( 10 kr.; closed on Mondays).Pictures (modern ), Permanent Exhibition of the Austrian Art- Union ( p. 194 ),Tuchlauben 8, daily 9-5 , in winter 10-4 , adm. 50 kr. , Sunday after noon 30 kr.Pictures (modern ) exhibited periodically at the Künstlerhaus ( p. 202), Loth ringer-Str. 9 , daily 9-6 ( 40 kr., Sun. afternoon 20 kr. ).

• Picture Gallery in the Belvedere (p. 207) , daily ( Mondays excepted) 10-4 ,

Sun. 10-1 . Attendants forbidden to accept gratuities .Picture Gallery, Czernin's ( p. 220 ), Mon. , Thurs. 10-2.Harrach's ( p. 196 ), Wed., Sat. 10-4 (closed in winter; fee 30 kr. ) .

• Liechtenstein's (p . 222), daily, except Sun., 9-6; fee 1 / 2-1 fl.

Schönborn's ( p. 196) , Mon., Wed. , Frid. 9-3 ( fee 30 kr. ) . Polytechnic Institution ( p. 219, Wieden ), Sun. 10-1; technological collec tion in summer daily at 10 a.m. by permission of the committee.Diary . Particulars see above. DAILY, Art-Union 9-5; Civic Arsenal 9-3;Imperial Burg 3-6; ImperialStables 1-3; Miethke's Exhibition 9-6; Jose phinum 11-1; Künstlerhaus 9-5 . — Daily, Sundays and holidays excepted:Imperial Library 9-4; Liechtenstein Gallery 8-12and 3-6; Musikverein 9-5;Government Printing Office 10-12; Military Parade with band, 12-1, in the Burghof. SUNDAYS: Church -music at the Burgpfarrcapelle (p. 187 ),11 a.m.; Ambras Collection and Cabinet of Antiques in the Belvedere 10-1; Picture Gallery in the Belvedere 10-1; Acadeiny 10-1; Museum of Art and Industry 9-1; Polytechnic 10-1; Oriental Museum 9-1 (10 kr . ).Corso of the fashionable world in the great avenue in the Prater 5-7,best in May. - MONDAYS: Cabinet of coins and antiquities 10-2; Albertina 10-2; Czernin Gallery 10-2; Schönborn Gallery 9-3.TUESDAYS:Ambras Collection , Antiquities and Egyptian Museum 10-4; Belvedere Gallery 10-4; Geological Institution 10-1; Museum of Art and Industry 9-4 ( 30 kr. ); Arsenal 9-3; Oriental Museum 10-4 (30 kr. ); Treasury 10-1.WEDNESDAYS: Belvedere Gallery 10-4; Cabinet of minerals 10-1; Har rach's Gallery 10-4; Schönborn Gallery 9-3; Museum of Art and Industry 9-4 (30 kr.) . THURSDAYS: Belvedere Gallery 10-4; Treasury 10-1; Coins and Antiquities 10-2; Nat. Hist. Cabinet 9-2; Czernin Gallery 10-2; Alber tina 10-2; Arsenal 9-3; Museum of Art and Industry 9-4; Oriental Mu seum 10-4 (30 kr. ); public examination at the Blind Asylum 10-12, closed in August. - FRIDAYS: Ambras Collection , etc. , 10-4; Belvedere Gallery 10-4;Treasury 10-1; Schönborn Gallery 9-3; Museum of Art and Industry 9-4;Oriental Museum 10-4 . SATURDAYS: Belvedere Gallery 10-1; Academy 10-1; Museum of Art and Industry 9-4; Oriental Museum 10-4 (30 kr.);Cabinet of Minerals 10-1; Harrach's Gallery 10-4; Arsenal 9-3; Josephinum 11-1; Academy ( Casts) 5-7; public examination in the Deaf and Dumb Asylum 10-12 ( vacation Aug. and September).Most of these collections , when closed to the public , are accessible to strangers by payment of a fee.Principal Attractions, when time is limited: St. Stephen's Church (p . 185); Ring-Strasse (p . 197); Treasury , and Cabinet of Coins and Anti quities at the Burg (p . 190 ); Picture Gallery and Ambras Collection at the Belvedere ( pp. 207, 216 ); Liechtenstein Gallery ( p. 222 ).History . VIENNA . 34. Route . 183>thVienna (436 ft.), the capital of the Empire of Austria , and resi sidence of the emperor, is situated in a plain surrounded by distantmountains , on the Danube Canal , the southern arm of the river,into which the Wien falls on the E. side of the city . Prior to 1863 it was divided into the inner city and 34 suburbs , but it now consists of 10 sections: I. Interior of the city , II . Leopoldstadt, III . Land strasse, IV . Wieden, V. Margarethen,VI. Mariahilf, VII. Neubau ,VIII. Josephstadt, IX . Alsergrund , X. Favoriten . In addition to these , there are 35 suburbs beyond the Lines (see below) , im mediately connected with the city, and under the supervision of the Vienna police: Hernals , Fünfhaus, Rudolfsheim , Ottakring, Wäh ring , Unter -Meidling, Simmering , Gaudenzdorf, Sechshaus , Neu lerchenfeld , Ober-Döbling , Wilhelmsdorf, Nussdorf, Heiligenstadt,Hietzing, Ober-Meidling, Unter- Döbling, Weinhaus, etc. According to the census of 1880 the interior of the city had a population of 69,694, while the nine other districts contained 705,402 inhab . ,and a garrison of 20,703 soldiers . The total population including the suburbs was 1,103,857.Vienna was originally a Celtic settlement . Early in the first century of the Christian era the Romans erected the castle of Vindobona on thissite , and Marcus Aurelius died here in 180. By the end of the third century Vindobona had become a municipal town , and being the seat of the Roman civil and military government, continued to uninvasion of the Huns in the 5th century. From that date the Roman Vindobona disappears from history until the year 791, when Charle magne conquered the inhabitants of the district, and constituted the tract between the Enns and the Wiener Wald the boundary of his empire .A noble family of Franconia then held the district as a fief, and after the defeat of the Hungarians in the Lechfeld near Augsburg in 955 Vienna became an important fortified town. It was not, however, formally recog nized as a ' civitas' till 1137. The most important era in the development of the city was the year 1156 , when Frederick I. established the Baben berger family as governors of the district , and Heinrich Jasomirgott fixed his residence here as Duke of Austria . During the crusades Vienna in creased so rapidly, in consequence of the traffic which flowed through it,that when the Babenbergers had become extinct, and Ottokar of Bohemia was in possession of the country ( 1251-1276 ), ' those fortifications were probably marked out which formed the boundary of the inner city down to 1857 . Ottokar was defeated by Rudolph of Hapsburg in 1276 ,andVienna then became the seat of the Hapsburg dynasty. In 1519 the Emp:Maximilian I. entertained Wladislaw , King of Hungary and Bohemia, and Sigismund , King of Poland , at Vienna, and on that occasion concluded the marriages of his children, through which Bohemia , Moravia, and Hungary fell to the crown of Austria, giving rise to the saying:' Bella gerant alii, tu felix Austria nube;Nam quae Mars aliis, dat tibi regna Venus '.Vienna was twice besieged by the Turks , under Soliman II . from 22nd Sept. to 15th Oct. 1529 , and under Mohammed IV . , by the grand- vizier Kara Mustapha, from 14th July to 12th Sept. 1683. In the latter case they were defeated by John Sobieski, King of Poland, and the Margrave Lewis of Baden with an allied army of Poles, Austrians, Saxons, Bavarians, and Franks. After the disastrous battles of 1805 (Austerlitz ) and 1809 (Wag ram ), Vienna was for a short period occupied by the French . The Congress of Vienna was held from 3rd Nov. 1814 to 9th June 1815. Tabletsare now affixed to the various houses which possess historical interest.Until 1809 Vienna was enclosed by a double girdle of fortifications, of which little now remains. The external works>, constructed in 1704 as a184 Route 34. VIENNA . History.but genprotection against the incursions of the Hungarians under Francis Rakoczy,consisting of a rampart , 12 ft. high, and a fosse , are still maintained as the boundary- line of the city- imposts. This external fortification is called the ' Lines', but the Viennese generally apply the word to the fourteen gates named after the suburbs adjoining them . The internal fortifications, con sisting of rampart , fosse , and glacis, were levelled in consequence of an imperial decree 'of 1858, and the space employed for the erection of the Ring-Strasse ( p. 197 ) , a broad street encircling the interior of the city.Of the former gates the Burg - Thor and Franz - Joseph - Thor now alone remain. Outside of the Ring-Strasse, and parallel with it, runs the Laster Strasse, 50 ft. in breadth , while the Gürtel- Strasse will , when completed ,form a circle round the whole city beyond the Lines. The streets ofthe inner city are narrow and enclosed by very lofty houseserally well paved. The Church of St. Stephen ( p. 185 ) is the central point from which the numbers of the streets are reckoned. No. 1 is to the left, No. 2 to the right of this point. The plates with the names of the streets which lead towards the centre of the city are rectangular,of those running round the city circular. The city contains a great number of Durchhäuser", or passages through the courts of houses , by means of which the pedestrian may often make a short cut, but modern building operations are rapidly diminishing their number.The great Ecclesiastical Foundations and Abbeys of Austria formerly possessed and still hold valuable property to a considerable extent in Vienna. They are proprietors of those vast edifices called Höfe , which are still common , and contain inmates enough to people a small town.One of the most extensive of these is the Schottenhof , once belonging to Irish Benedictines (' Scoti'), who were invited hither by Heinrich II., Ja somirgott, first Duke of Austria , in 1158 , but were gradually superseded by German monks. Opposite to it is the almost as spacious Melkerhof,the property of the Abbey of Melk ( p. 240 ). The Starhembergische Frei haus in thesuburb Wieden comprises no fewer than 200 different dwell ings. The Rothe Haus in the Alsergrund is scarcely less extensive.Within the last quarter of a century Vienna has acquired an impor tance as a seat of Art, of which nothing in its previous history gave pro mise. The Austrian capital has, indeed , possessed an Academy of Art since the end of the 17th cent. , but this institution had no share what ever in promoting the modern artistic revival in Germany. The honour of inspiring Viennese painting with new life, and of introducing an elevated and monumental style, is chiefly due to Carl Rahl (d. 1865 ), who settled in Vienna after the revolution of 1848; and with his name we must couple that of Führich (d. 1876), Overbeck's associate, whose powers were not fully unfolded till the closing years of his life. To the success of their efforts , however , various external circ*mstances materially contri buted. While the extension of the city and the erection of numerouspalatial edifices have called forth considerable architectural talent , for the exercise of which there is still abundant scope, the great wealth amassed by many of the citizens has in many cases been laudably dedicated to the formation of private galleries of art. Vienna has thus of late come intonotice as a favourable market for the products of the brush and thechisel, and as the centre of a busy art- life which does not lack external brilliancy .A prominent feature in the street- architecture of Vienna is afforded by the many-storied, palatial dwelling-houses , erected by building- speou lators, and let out in quartiers' to families. The interiors are generally decorated throughout with painting and sculpture , which show the per fection attained by the Viennese in the exercise of art-handicrafts, and at the same time exhibit the peculiarities of their taste. In modern church -building the Romanesque style, which was for a time predominant,latterly gave place, chiefly through the influence of Friedrich Schmidt, to the Gothic. The public buildings, the most important of which are still unfinished , exhibit partly antique , and partly Renaissance forms, accord ing as the influence of Hansen or of Semper has been in the ascendant.The most eminent architects of Vienna, besides those already named , areAInfantr.ƏSS4Kaserne FromSchlickplatzSSeastrasseOSSDKaserneRudolphsestretUnGSchlickLandesAugarteDcod a3LiebGerichtCiim . )SeoGrranFlorianS TulpenGhCzern Pat .Rath SchmidMilito Geograph .histYZDYsnnyLichtentGeargseStadiongagasSMarkthalleBartensteinsgasseDoblhoffsgasseoMrantԵsongPalais Ailersperg LerchenflarStr:JusPa4700009500 400 300 Neustift- G .5-7DBrunWiedneusESpittelbg-G Fasszicka.InstPolytechnis *asysIMühlbach.GhassanBeuSchade 么Eyel|KipchberggasseBTTalespiltelbergationDoblergasse,Broqunung ---issonsFSFPsk.Wien .d SVTtheaterObstmarkt "SchilcurrederASSVIISUT95TheaterShift ebenster- 6lisabeth InfanterKasernHI Friedrichstr.PapagenomarkngasseSUN DELOPfarrSchmelz S2hannis а.TattersalltasseWeintraubeleenSnAdere3.prenente mödieKörner-G.trasseLichtenauergassFrucht-GGARobertTempelSchweiIsrael:TempelG.hausWaschAmschüttel3FranzensAspern.enandssttDonaustrassNorfschiffweissgärberstrspernKA.ybergDiesster-GLöwen-G PrageRadetzlar- Br .assRadetzky gasseRadetzky(aus gasseIdamscolonitz - GUnt.WeissgärberstDianaOSS.Db_2_2pnn?7pvSOD'gasseVordereZollamtsstr.Hetz-G.eMathauHintere Zallamisstr.Hauptzonamt-2011KriegKolosesrberiLorber 9PlBechard.kaSSN1erdoBustozza-629anseIntereKottergasseSassvbodaSkating Rink 5 BlüthensEislauf easspb2018Platz raSophien BadsseusSBahnhof xergasseInvaliden fausCentral rkthalleIsseVerbindungsbaan

OD.1271.129InvalidenstrasseSeidīgas4

aasseGeusaurSSDlassnbrunn$ Geologisch ReichsanstoffskygeuRe-zuurRasumoizamt6zMarktplatzctBeatrixErdbergersta asseThierarznei rpg9-2001Iaupotre InstitutPlareschBlumennoVGSPrartSt. Stephen's. VIENNA . 34. Route. 185Hasenauer, Ferstel, Romano, Van der Nüll, and Von Siccardsburg. Until recently , sculpture has had few opportunities of testing its strength upon heroic monuments. The best native sculptors are Gasser , Fernkorn, Pilz,and Kundtmann , with whom Zumbusch from Munich has recently been associated . -Among the present painters of Vienna the most popular and successful are those who excel in colouring. Many of them have migrated hither from Munich, others have received their training in Paris,and a few only show traces of the influence of earlier Vienna artists.The most distinguished group consists of Griepenkerl, Eisenmenger , Gaul,and other pupils of Rahl, who, in conjunction with Laufberger and others,have carried on the study of monumental painting since the death of their master. Other eminent painters are Makart, Angeli, whose portraits of members of the aristocracy are well known, Pettenkofen, R. Alt, Felix ,Hoffmann , and Lichtenfels .-1I. THE INNER CITY AND THE RING -STRASSE.a. Church of St. Stephen . Graben . Kohlmarkt.The * Church of St. Stephen (Pl . 63; D , 4 ), the most important edifice in Vienna , was erected between 1300 and 1510 , with the exception of the few fragments of the original building dating from the 12th century, to which date some traces of Romanesque work manship on the W. façade belong. The present choir was begun by Duke Albrecht I. , about the year 1300. Duke Rudolph IV. direct ed the architect, Meister Wenzla of Klosterneuburg, to prepare com prehensive plans , and he laid the foundation of the nave and pro bably of the S. tower also , in 1359. The latter was completed in 1433, but no N. tower was erected . The length of the entire edifice is 118 yds . , width of nave 111/2 yds . , that of the aisles 9 yds . ,height of nave 89 ft. The building is of solid limestone , and in the form of a Latin cross . The richly -groined vaulting is supported by 18 massive pillars , which are adorned with upwards of.100 sta tuettes . The roof is covered with variegated tiles. Since 1860 the cathedral has undergone a thorough restoration .Exterior. At the W. end are the Riesenthor, or Giant's Door ( opened only on occasions of great solemnity ) , the two towers called the Heiden thürme, and a number of scalptures of the Romanesque era. On the S. side,near the first entrance ( Singerthor) , is the tombstone of the Meistersänger Nithard Fuchs. Then follows the bay of the tower with the Primthorand the Choir , surrounded by tombstones. The first of the reliefs in stone,representing Christ taking leave of the Holy Women , and dating from the 15th cent. , is worthy of notice. On the N. side is the Pulpit of the Franciscan monk Capistranus (1451) , and near it the entrance to the new crypt. The entrance to the bay of the (unfinished ) N. tower is named the Adlerthor (Eagle's Door) , the second is the Bischofsthor (Bishop's Door ),Interior. The Adlerthor forms the entrance to the CHAPEL OF ST.BARBARA, the bay of the N. tower , containing a votive altar in commemo ration of the escape ofthe Emperor Francis Joseph in 1853. Nextto this is the FRAUENCHOR (N. side choir ), with the monuments of Duke Rudolph IV.and Catharine, his duch*ess. In the HAUPTCHor ( centre -choir ), on the left, is the altar of St. John of Nepomuc; in the centre a high -altar of black marble , an altar- piece representing the Stoning of St. Stephen , by Bock; on the right the altar of St. Carlo Borromeo; richly-carved choir-stalls of the 15th century. Of the stained - glass windows two are ancient , and>2186 Route 34 . VIENNA . St. Stephen's.three modern, after designs by Führich. In front of the steps leading to the vestry is a stone which closes the entrance to the old burial-vault of the sovereigns of Austria; but for the last 200 years the members of the im perial family have been interred in the church of the Capuchins . The TAEKLA Choir contains the * Sarcophagus of the Emp. Frederick 111. ( d. 1493 ),by Lerch , completed in 1513, a most elaborate work in red and white marble,surrounded by 32 coats - of-arms; in 8 sections below are representations from Scripture; at the feet of the figure various animals. In front of the steps of the altar is a Monumental Brass, with three coats-of- arms, and aLatin inscription , recording that three counsellors repose here who were executed by Leopold the Proud in 1408 , on account of their adherence to their lawful prince, the infant Albert V. -In the base of the s . tower is the CHAPEL OF ST . CATHARINE , the vestibule of which contains portraits of Austrian dukes and emperors. The Nave contains the * Pulpit , executedin stone in 1512 by the architect Pilgram; on the front four Fathers of the Church; under the stairs the figure of the master, looking through a window; on the landing , toads, lizards , and other animals. – On the N. wall immediately to the W. of the entrance, and forming the termination of a former organ -choir, is the * Stone Figure of the Architect Jörg Oechsel ( beginning of 16th cent.), holding a rule and pair of compasses in his hand, and looking through a small window. By the N.W. Portal is theSavoy CHAPEL , with the tomb of Prince Eugene of Savoy (d. 1736 ).Below the church are extensive CATACOMBS, consisting of three vaults, one below another, filled with bones and skulls . Visitors are admitted to in spect the small portion (on the first and second tiers) which has not fallen utterly into ruin (adm. for 1-8 pers . 4 11. , with fee of 20 kr. for each guide).The * Tower of St. Stephen's (453 ft . ) affords an extensive view , em bracing the battle - fields of Lobau , Wagram , and Essling . It was erected in 1860-64 to replace the former structure, which was twice taken down owing to its unsafe condition. Cards for the ascent of the tower are ob tained at the sacristan's office , Stephans- Platz 3; best time about 3 p.in. ( fee 40 kr. ) .On the N. side of the Stephans- Platz, at the corner of the Rothen thurm-Str . , is the Archiepiscopal Palace, erected in 1632-41; in the court is a tasteful fountain . The S. continuation the StephansPlatz is called the Stock - im - Eisen - Platz.No. 6, at the corner of Graben , is the richly- decorated house (rococo style) of Messrs. Haas & Sons ( p. 180 ). Opposite to it, at the corner of the Graben and Kärntner Str. , is the Stock im Eisen ', the stump of a pine tree secured by cramps and a lock with the date 1575 , and full of nails,which have been driven into it , in accordance with an ancient national custom , on account of some supposed sanctity once attached to the tree .It is once to have marked the extremity of the Wiener Wald .The GRABEN ( Pl . D, 4 ), with its attractive shops , now the principal business -street in Vienna , was the moat of the fortifi cations in the 12th cent., and the houses on the N. side occupy thesite of the ancient wall . Its appearance has been entirely changed of late years by the erection of new buildings.On the right, No. 31 , is the Aziendahof, an arcade in the Italian Re naissance style , by Hasenauer; beyond it is the Trattnerhof. The Leich leitner'sche Haus (on the left , No. 14) has a rich façade by Wagner and Thienemann . In the centre rises the Trinity Column (Pl. 28 ), a confusedgroup of figures among clouds, erected by order of Emp. Leopold I. in 1694 , on the cessation of the plague. The figures of Ss . Joseph and Leo pold on the Fountains are the work of J. M. Fischer ( 1804 ).The Jungferngasse leads N. from the Graben to the Peters-Platz. The Church of St. Peter here ( Pl. 60a), with its handsome dome , was erected in 1702 and restored in 1839-44. It is adorned with ceiling-paintings by Rothmayer and Bibiena , and altar- pieces by Altomonte , Kupelwieser, and2>Burg .VIENNA . 34. Route. 187others. In the Graben to the right , beyond the Jungferngasse , is theFirst Austrian Savings Bank; on the left is the Grabenhof.The KOHLMARKT (PI . D 3, 4), another busy street, leads to the left to the Burg. To the left in the Michaeler Platz is situated the Church of St. Michael ( Pl . 59), frequented principally by the higher classes , founded in 1221 , but greatly altered in the 17th century .The choir is 14th cent . Gothic . The church is adorned with modern paintings by Schnorr and others . Over the high- altar, the Fall of the Angels in stucco. Several monuments of the 16th- 18th centuries. -In a straight direction hence the Burgtheater (p. 179) may be reached .។b . The Imperial Hofburg and its Collections.The imperial Hofburg (Pl . 13; D, 4) , usually termed the Burg,has been the residence of the Austrian princes since the 13th century .It is an extensive , irregular pile, dating from several different periods .Approaching it from the Michaeler - Platz, the visitor first enters the Innere Burghof, or Franzens - Platz, in the centre of which rises the Monument of Emp. Francis I. (d . 1835; Pl . 31 ), in bronze ,by Marchesi of Milan; the Emperor in the robe of the Order of the Golden Fleece; the other figures represent Religion , Peace, Justice,and Bravery; the figures in relief at the corners are Science , Com merce , Agriculture, &c .On the S. side of the Burghof, in the Leopoldinische Tract ( built by Leopold I. after the fire of 1668), is situated the old Residence,containing the magnificent ‘ Rittersaal' , the long ‘ Controlor' corridor in which Joseph II . granted audience to all comers , the apartments occupied by Maria Theresa and Joseph II . (adm . , see p. 181 ) , and the Military Office of the emperor. On the right, by the passage to the outer Burg - Platz is the Hauptwache, or Guard House (parade with military music daily , except Sunday, at 12.30 p.m. ). To the N. is the Reichs- Kanzlei- Palast, containing the state-archives , and the apartments of Emp. Francis Joseph (on the first floor ). At the N. entrances are four Hercules groups ( Antæus, Busiris , Nemean Lion ,Cretan Bull) by Lorenzo Mathielli .Adjoining the Franzens-Platz on the N.W. is the small Amalien hof, erected at the end of the 17th cent . , and now occupied by the Empress Elizabeth . It also contains the office of the Oberstallmeister ( tickets for the stables are obtained from 9 to 12 at the office to the right in the passage , p. 181). The exit to the left in the S.E. corner of the Franzens-Platz , with thewell-preserved coloured and gilded armorial bearings ( restored in 1854), leads to the Schweizerhof. On the bridge over the fosse are two small lions in stone with armorial bearings, on the left those of Hapsburg, on the right five larks (or rather dwarf eagles), the ancient crest of the Archduchy . To the left in the corner of the Schweizerhof is the entrance to the Trea sury . On the right is the Burgkapelle; the end of the choir is the only remnant of the original Gothic building of 1449 (church-mu188 Route 34.VIENNA. Volksgarten .2-sic , see p . 182 ). On the right side of the Augustinergang , which leads hence to the Josephs-Platz and the Augustinian church , is the entrance to the cabinets of minerals , coins , and antiquities (on the second floor ). On the first floor tickets for the Treasury are issued (p . 191 ). In the Josephs- Platz are the Imperial Library and the Natural History Cabinet (entrance in the corner to the right). On the left are the Ball Rooms and the Winter Riding School, erected in 1735, with a gallery borne by 46 columns . Adjacent are the Summer Riding School and a passage leading to the office of the Hofburg-Theater (p. 179) . In the centre rises the * Equestrian Statue of Emp. Joseph II. ( d . 1790; Pl . 32) by Zauner, in bronze;two large reliefs at the sides contain allusions to agriculture and commerce; on the granite columns at the corners , 16 small reliefs in bronze representing events in the emperor's life . The Augustinian Church, etc. , see p. 192.On the right, in the large open space between the Burg and the Ring-Strasse , called the Outer Burgplatz, rises the equestrian * Sta tue of Archduke Charles (d . 1847; Pl . 33), represented in the act of waving a flag, in allusion to the victory of Aspern (designed by Fernkorn ). To the left is the equestrian * Statue of Prince Eugene of Savoy (d . 1736; Pl . 34) , in the costume of a general of last cen tury , also designed by Fernkorn .The outer Burgthor (Pl . 14) , with five passages , and adorned with twelve Doric columns, was erected by Nobile in 1822. On the side towards the town is the motto of Emp. Francis II . , ' JustitiaRegnorum Fundamentum '.The Volksgarten (Pl . 107; C, 4), to the N.W. of the Burgplatz , laid out by Emp. Francis in 1824, contains pleasant grounds and acafé which attract numerous visitors (concerts every afternoon in summer, see p. 177) . In the centre of the grounds is the Temple of Theseus, containing Canova's fine marble group of the Victory of Theseus over the Centaur, originally destined by Napoleon I. for Milan; custodian in the hut to the right of the entrance.The Hofgarten , to the S. of the Outer Burgplatz, is adorned with an equestrian Statue of Francis I. ( d . 1765) , husband of Maria Theresa . The hot -house contains a handsome Blumensaal ('flower saloon' ), embellished with eight Corinthian columns. Admission,>see p. 181 .Collections in the Imperial Burg .1. * Imperial Library (adm . see p. 181). The building , erected in 1722, occupies the entire S.W. side of the Josephs-Platz . Roman antiquities on the walls of the staircase . In the centre of the great hall , statues of Charles VI. and other princes of the House of Haps burg . Ceiling-paintings by Daniel Gran. The saloons are richly de corated with gilding, painting , and marble. The library contains upwards of 400,000 vols. and 20,000 MSS. , among which are val uable Oriental documents , collected by Baron v . Hammer- Purgstall>Imperial Library . VIENNA. 34. Route. 189(a . 1857) , and 12,000 vols. of music. Among the 6500 ‘ In cunabula (i.e. books printed prior to 1500) are a Psalter of 1457 by Schöffer and Fust, and the oldest edition of the Biblia Pauperum,of 1430. Some of the principal treasures of the library are exhibited in glass-cases . The following are perhaps the most interesting.CASE A. Materials used for MSS.: purple parchment with silver and gold letters of the 6th cent., being fragments of the Gospels; cotton , linen,and mulberry paper; palm- leaves. – B. Greek MSS: Fragments of the Book of Genesis of the 4th cent. on purple parchment; a work on medicinal herbs, with illustrations, of the 5th century. -- C. Latin MSS: Fragments of the Roman history of Livy, the only MS. which contains the 5th Decade,brought by St. Suitbert from Scotland in the 7th century. -D. German MSS:Harmony of the Gospels, by Otfried , of 885; Tristan and Isolt, byGodfrey of Strassburg, of the 14th century. -E. Other Western Languages; Illustrat ed French Bible with miniatures on gold ground , of the 14th cent.;Dante's Divine Comedy , beautifully written, with marginal illustrations,of the 14th cent.; same of the 16th cent. , very minute , hardly legible to the unaided eye. – F. Oriental Languages: Small octagonal Koran of 1545,worn as an amulet; Chinese MS. on paper with golden letters on an azure ground, with illustrations on fig -leaves. - G. and H. MSS. with beautifulminiatures of the 8th- 16th cent.; Hortulus Animæ by Seb. Brant, with 66 exquisite illustrations , scenes from the life of the Saviour and saints,by a Flemish artist; well-thumbed prayer-book of Charles V. , with the names of several of his relations; the mark made where theemperor used to deposit his spectacles is distinctly recognisable. - I. The Peutinger Map (so called from its former proprietor, an antiquarian at Augsburg , from whom it was purchased by Prince Eugene; after the death of the latter it cameinto the possession of the library ), date A. D. 160-180, showing the roads of the Roman Empire; England , France, and a part of Africa are wanting. K. Curiosities and Rare Bindings: Mexican hieroglyphics on leather; Tasso's Gerusalemme Conquistata, in the poet's own handwriting.Connected with the Imperial Library is a collection , founded by Prince Eugene, of Engravings and Wood -cuts, comprising about 300,000 specimens, and embracing artists from the earliest to the latest period (about 1000 vols . ) . On the completion of the new imperial museums this collection is to be transferred thither.2. * Natural History Cabinet (adm. see p. 182) , adjoining the library on the left, admirably arranged . The coloured lines roundthe labels denote the quarters of the globe whence the specimens were brought: yellow, Asia; blue, Africa; green , America; red , Au stralia and the S. Sea islands . European specimens have no distinc tive mark; Austrian, a black line.3. * Mineral Cabinet (adm. see p. 182), a very fine and comprehensive collection, admirably arranged . A few of the most interest ing objects are here enumerated .1. Room . Stalactites from Adelsberg; rock -salt from Wieliczka , Ro naszek, Stassfurt, and Leopoldshall; silver-ore from Przibram; green lead ore from Braubach (in Nassau ); lime-spar from Iceland; aragonite from Eisenerz and Herrengrund; fluor-spar from Cornwall. In the centre of the room is a marble bust of Emp. Joseph II. – II. Room . Rock -crystal from the Tiefengletscher, St. Gotthard, and Madagascar. In the central cabinet,on the side next the window , á bouquet composed of jewels for Maria Theresa; numerous jewels; íarge emerald; magnificent opal , found in Hungary, with exquisite prismatic colours , 18 oz. in weight. II. Room.Pyrites from Spain; amethyst from the Zillerthal; felspar from the St. Gotthard; graphite from Siberia; skeleton of the Irish elk (cervus mega73190 Route 34. VIENNA.Treasury.ceros); malachites, etc. – IV. Room. In the three central cabinets a great number of " Meteoric Stones: the largest in the first cabinet, which fell near Knyahinya in Hungary, weighs 600 lbs .; another, found ' at Elbogen in Bohemia ( p . 283 ), weighs 110 lbs. , another of 70 lbs. , found near Agram in 1751, is said to have been taken up hot immediately after its fall; the piece of meteoric iron from Mexico weighs 435 lbs . The cabinets along the wall on the right contain fossils. On the back- wall a bust of Haidinger the mineralogist, in bronze.4. ** Treasury ( adm . see p. 181) , very rich and historically in teresting . Catalogue 30 kr.Entrance -Chamber. On the long walls the heralds' robes, comprising some beautiful specimens of heraldic embroidery , the Austrian stan dard , and the shield of the Grand Marshal . In the two niches of the win dows are silver caskets containing the gifts of the Hungarian Landtag to the emperor on his coronation in 1867. On a pillar an ebony casket contain ing the keys of the coffins of the ancestors of the imperial house. — CasesI - VI . Clocks and automata ( specimen 33, by J. Burgi, beginning of 17th cent., is interesting from the fact that the pendulum is here for the first time employed as a regulator ). VII- XII. Objects in rock- crystal and smoky topaz. Here the development of the art of the lapidary may be traced from the 15th cent . down to modern times. In Case Xil. , * 303 .Crystal goblet richly set with jewels , in the late-Gothic style , from the treasury of Charles the Bold; also * 298. Altar of coloured stones , the summit of the fountain consisting of a single emerald; background of the altar- piece in Florentine mosaic . XIII. Jewellery, including some inter esting portrait - medallions. XIV- XXI. Articles in gold , silver, and precious stones; handsome tankards , vases , drinking - cups of lapis-lazuli and enamelled gold: XIV. * 14, 15. Dish and tankard from Nuremberg;XV. 29-38 . Goblets; 51. Dish from Augsburg, 52. Early Russian ‘ Brother hood ' drinking- cup; XVI. * 66. Ewer, **67. The celebrated salt - cellar of Benvenuto Cellini, executed for Francis I. of France, * 68 . French drink ing-cup ( 16th cent.) , 69. Drinking -cup of Frederick IV. (15th cent. ), * 70 .Dish by Chris. Jamnitzer. – XXII. Private jewels of the Austrian im perial family. 1-4 . The Austrian regalia: crown , sceptre , and imperial globe, of the timeof Rudolph II .; 5. Crown of the empress, reset in 1867.The collection of jewels is of enormous value. 38. The celebrated Floren tine diamond, 133/5 carats in weight, and valued at 57,4491., once the pro perty of Charles the Bold of Burgundy (it is said to have been found by apeasant after the Battle of Morat and sold to a Bernese merchant for 1 fl.;it was subsequently purchased by the Grand Duke of Tuscany, and is now set in a hat- clasp). A collection of the decorations of different orders; e.g. an order of the Golden Fleece composed of 150 brilliants, with the so- called ' Frankfort solitaire (421/2 carats) in the centre; scarf with the Grand Cross of the Maria Theresa order, with 548 brilliants, with a pink diamond in the centre ( 26 carats); star ofJoseph II .; magnificent ornaments with rubies,emeralds, etc. - XXIII . The imperial baptismal vessels. XXIV. Stateswords used at coronations and investitures. --- XXV. Coronation- robes .XXVI. Insignia of Napoleon I. as King of Italy; also the silver -gilt cradle of the King of Rome, weighing 5 cwt. XXVII. Older coronation- robes. XXVIII. Historical curiosities: 1. Staff of the president of the imperial chamber, presented by Maximilian I. to his privy-counsellor and chancellor,Frederick, Count of Hohenzollern on 13th Oct., 1495. 5. Horoscope (talisman)of Wallenstein . 11. Snuff - box of Prince Kaunitz . XXIX. Insignia and memorials of the Holy Roman Empire, once preserved at Aix- la - Chapelle,and afterwards at Nuremberg: the crown of Charlemagne , the sceptre ,imperial globe, dalmatica, alb, stole , girdle, coronation -robe, book of the Gospels; swords of Charlemagne and of St. Mauritius; sabre of Haroun al - Raschid; also the relics which were shown during the coronation (frag ment of the ' true Cross' , lance which pierced the Saviour's side, etc.).5. The * Cabinet of Coins and Antiques (adm . see p . 181 ), ad joining the Mineral Cabinet, contains ancient and modern bronzes,Coins and Antiques . VIENNA. 34. Route. 191gems (cut stones , cameos raised ,7 intaglios receding ) , precious cu riosities , etc. The entrance is in the Augustinergang, p . 188; we ascend from the Josephs-Platz to the second floor by the first stair case to the left , pass through the archway opposite the winding staircase to the third floor , ascend twelve steps , and follow the corridor to the glass- door at the end of it . )I. Room. Collection of Vases. Five cabinets contain Greek and Etrus can vases, the finest of which are in the 4th and 5th . In the centre sixtables with a selection of coins and medals affording a general historical survey. On the 4th table a large gold medal witha genealogical tree of the House of Austria ( 1677 ). II . The Gallery of Bronzes contain ancient flint weapons of Northern Europe , articles in terracotta , etc. Bronzes:2. Division, 532b . Bust of Jupiter; 711. Noric Pannonian standard of weight.3rd Transverse Cabinet: 1107. Grecian hero; 1112. Youthful Bacchus; 1089 1100. Twelve helmets found in Styria; 1103a . Figure of a griffin belong ing to a statue of Apollo. 4th Cabinet , 2nd Division , upper part: 1129,1133. Venus putting on her sandals; 1130, 1132. Water-carriers; 1210. Mer cury reposing; 1213. Mercury with attributes. 3rd Division , upper part:1134. Proserpine; 1135. Hercules reposing. 5th Table: Bronze tabletbearing a Roman Senatus consultum of A. U. C. 567 (B. C. 186 ), prohibiting the Bacchanalia (Livy xxxix. , 8-18 ). 6th -8th Tables. Objects of the flint-period found at Horn in Lower Austria , at Wiener Neustadt, and in the pile -dwellings of the Lake of Garda. 9th and 10th Tables:Objects found in the Celtic graves near Hallstadt , arms, axes , armlets,bronze and gold trinkets, etc. 12th Cabinet, 2nd Division: 5. Lid of ajar in embossed work. ' - III . Cabinet of Coins, numbering 40,768 speci The most valuable portions of this collection re the cabinets of the Emperors Charles VI . and Francis I. and of Duke Alexander of Lor raine; also the sets of ancient Italian medals from Rome , acquired by purchase, and the collection of Russian medals, a bequest by Prince Kau nitz (specimens in the Gallery of Vases , see above) . IV . Cabinet: Ancient classic coins . - * V . Room. Works of art in gold , cut stones, etc. On the right, 1st Case: Antique cameos. 11. Head of Díedusa in onyx; 22.Tiberius; 25. Eagle with a twig of palm , a large onyx (8 in. wide); 33.Mercury. - 2nd: 2. Augustus and Roma; 3. Jupiter; 4. Tiberius; 6. Clau dius and Agrippina; 19. " Apotheosis of Augustus, a celebrated cameo cut in an onyx 9 in. in diameter, with 20 figures: Augustus as Jupiter on earth, enthroned with the goddess Roma; then Tiberius, Germanicus, and allegorical figures ( it was found in Jerusalem at the time of the crusades,and afterwards sold to Emp. Rudolph II . for 12,000 ducats); 21. Ptolemy Philadelphus and Arsinoe; 35. Livia; 36. Vespasian. - 3rd and 4th: Intaglios ( stones for rings and seals). 360. Pallas. 5th: 14-17. Diptychs ( ivory tablets); 18-21 . Necklaces from Herculaneum; 36. Juno; 56. Vase of agate , 291/2 in. in diameter , from the bridal treasure of Mary of Bur:gundy; 59. Roman glass; in the transverse case is an ivory bust of Au gustus. 7th: Objects in silver. 41. Votive shield; 42. Centaur. 8th:Objects in gold, of the period of the barbarian migrations; those inthe 1st and 2nd sections were found at Gross Szt. Miklos in the Banat. 17. Sealof Alaric, King of the Goths; 23. The largest known vessel of solid gold ,weighing 614 ducats. — 9th: Objects in gold, of Roman and Etruscan work manship. – 10th: Show-utensils, in agate and crystal ( 16th and 17th cent. ),37. Sword-hilt chased in silverí 45a . Vessel of gold with 127 cameos and numerous precious stones (belonging to No. 68 ); 47. Vase of onyx; 68. Large gilded dish ( "Cleopatra's '); 69. Rosary . - 12th: 24. Bust of the Saviour.At the sides of TableNo.13, busts of Maria Theresa and the Emp. Francis,by Donner. 14th: Necklace of the Order of the Golden Fleece, consisting of 49 shells with portraits of the sovereigns of Austria from Rudolph I. to Ferdinand III .; 126. Maximilian I. , in marble; 130. Charles V. , a bust in marble. – 15th: 22. Queen Elizabeth of England; *29. Leda and the swan, ascribed to Benvenuto Cellini; 33. Hadrian . Table No. 16. Bronze figures of the 16th and 17th centuries.mens.7192 Route 34 .VIENNA.Albertina ,9urns.c . The S.E. Part of the Inner City.In the Josephs-Platz (p . 171 ) , opposite the statue , is the Pa lais Palavicini (Pl. 74a) , built in 1784; the colossal double Carya tides at the entrance are by Zauner. In the Augustinergasse, which leads hence S. to the Opera - house , stands the Augustiner-Kirche (Pl. 47; court- church ), begun in 1330, a Gothic building with an unusually long choir (nave 60 ft. , choir 75 ft. high).Opposite the entrance stands the beautiful marble Monument of the Archduch*ess Maria Christina (d. 1793, daughter of the Empress Maria The resa) , by Canova. In a vault nearly adjacent, closed by a gate , is the monument of Emp. Leopold II . (d . 1792) , in marble by Zauner. By the wall is the monument of Marshal Daun ( d. 1766 ) , erected by Maria The resa to this 'patriae liberator '. Van Swieten (d . 1772) , the physician of the Empress, alsoreposes here. The Loretto Chapel, added in 1627, con tains the hearts of deceased members of the imperial family, preserved in Abraham a Sancta Clara (d . 1709) was preacher at this church .Nearly opposite the church is the small Lobkowitz - Platz with the Palais of Prince Lobkowitz , now occupied by the French ambassador. To the right is the large Bürger -Hospital, which has be come the property of a building-society and been in part replaced by other edifices. The handsomest part of this group of buildings is called the Kärntnerhof , and encloses a bazaar with a glass roof.Farther to the right , at the corner of the Augustiner- Strasse and the Augustinerbastei, rises the handsome Albrechts -Brunnen , occupying the site of the old Kärntner Thor, erected by the Emp. Francis Jo seph in 1869 , adorned with marble statues by Meixner. In the centre the Danube with Vindobona; on the right the Theiss , Raab,Enns, Traun, and Inn; on the left the Save, March , Salzach, Mur,and Drave.On the Augustinerbastei stands the old Palace of Archduke Al bert ( Pl . 82) , built in 1801-4, and containing the * Albertina, or library of the archduke , together with a celebrated collection of en gravings and drawings (adm. see p . 181 ) .This collection, one of the most valuable in Europe, is chiefly remark able for its Drawings ( 150 by Raphael, 160 by Dürer, 150 by Rubens ). Among the most interesting are the portrait of Emp. Max I. , the so- called ' Green Passion' , the hare, the flowers, etc. , by Dürer , and the numerous etchings and sketches by Rembrandt. The number of Engravings exceeds 200,000,the older masters being copiously represented ( Coronation of Mary, aniello by Finiguerra, the works of Marc- Antonio Raimondi in beautiful specimens,etc. ) . The finest plates are framed and exposed to view on the pressesto the left. The Library contains 40,000 vols., many of them magnificentillustrated works; also a collection of Maps and Plans.Opera House, Ring-Strasse , etc. , see p. 199 et seq .The Klostergasse leads to the E. from the Lobkowitz - Platz to theNew MARKET, or Mehlmarkt ( Pl. D, 4) . The * Fountain in the centre ,by Raph . Donner ( 1739 ), represents the chief rivers of the Arch duchy ( Enns, Ips, Traun, and March ) which fall into the Danube .On the W. side of the market-place is the Capuchin Church ( Pl. 49), a rococo edifice of 1622, containing the Imperial Vault .The latter is open to the public on All Souls' Day (2nd Nov. ) , andCapuchin Church. VIENNA . 34. Route . 193to strangers daily 9-12 and 1-4 o'clock . Application is made to the Father Treasurer, and a monk will be found in the sacristy to act as guido (a donation for the poor expected). A passage leads downthe middle of the long vault, between numerous coffins (about 90) ,most of them of copper.In front is the large double sarcophagus of Maria Theresa (d. 1780 )and her husband Francis I. (d. 1765 ); then Joseph II. (d. 1790 ); Francis II.(d. 1835 ); Marie Louise , Empress of the French ( d . 1897 ), and her son the Duke of Reichstadt ( d. 1832 ); Emp. Maximilian of Mexico (d . 1867), with two silver wreaths (that of palm- leaves placed here by his widow) .In the side- vault on the left Archduke Charles (d. 1847); Leopold II . (d .1792). In the side- vault to the right ( dark) the older sarcophagi , most of them richly decorated: Charles VI. (d . 1740 ) , Leopold I. (d. 1705 ), Joseph I. (a. 1711), Matthias ( d. 1619). The last-named, with his empress, were the first members of the imperial family buried here , while Ferdinand I. (d. 1875 ) is the last.The short Schwanengasse leads hence to the busy Kärntner Strasse , one of the chief arteries of traffic in the inner city. Opposite ,at the corner of the Johannisgasse, is situated the Maltese Church ( Pl. 55) , or St. John the Baptisťs, attended by the Hungarian community. It contains an honorary monument in plaster to the Grand Master Lavalette, representing the fortress of Malta. —The Church of St. Anna (Pl . 46), in the adjacent Annagasse, rebuilt in the rococo style after its destruction by fire in 1747, was formerly a church of the Jesuits and is now used by a French congregation ( French sermon on Sundays). Adjacent is the St. Anna Gebäude , formerly occupied by the Academy of Arts (p. 200) and now by the Engineering School , the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, etc. A little to the N. , in the Himmelpfortgasse ,is the Office of the Minister of Finance , an edifice in a rich rococo style erected by Hildebrand and Fischer von Erlach in 1803; it was originally the palace of Prince Eugene of Savoy , who died here in 1736.The Annagasse, like the parallel Johannesgasse, Himmelpfort gasse , and Weihburggasse , debouches at its E. end on the Seilerstätte. Here stands the Stadt- Theater (Pl . 100; E, 4) . From the N. end of the Seilerstätte we return past the palace of the Duke of Co burg, and through the Singer- Strasse, to the Graben. The Imperial Printing Office (Pl. 40; adm ., see p. 181), on the left side of the Singer- Strasse , comprehends every kind of graphic reproduction ,by means of printing - presses, stereotyping, lithography, etc. The roof commands a good survey of the city.>- From the Stephans - Platz the animated Rothenthurm - Strasse runs N.E. to the Leopoldstadt. The second cross - street to the right ( Bäcker - Str . ) leads to the small Universitäts- Platz, in which rises the University Church (the property of the Jesuits ), erectedin 1628-31 in the rococo style.The University , founded in 1365, reorganised under Maria The resa by the celebrated physician Van Swieten , and now attendedBAEDEKER'S S. Germany. 5th Edit. 13194 Route 34 . VIENNA . Old Rathhaus.by about 2500 students , has a staff of 130 professors and lecturers .The lectures on law and philosophy are delivered in a building in the Universitäts - Platz . The medical faculty enjoys a Europeanreputation. The following establishments are also connected with the University: philological and historical seminary; an admirable observatory (Academy Buildings, N.E. of St. Stephen's); physical institution ( Landstrasse , Erdberger- Str . 15); agricultural (in the Academy Buildings ); botanical garden with herbaria ( Rennweg 14);natural history and geological museum (Bäcker- Str. 1 ); chemical laboratory ( p. 222); anatomical museum (in the Josephinum ,p. 222); pathological museum ( in the general hospital) . There is also a Protestant Theological Faculty ( Alser suburb , Mariannen gasse 25) . A new building , in which all these branches of the University are to be united , is being erected in the Franzens Ring (p. 198) . The Greek Church (Pl . 52; E, 3) , Fleischmarkt 13 , a short way from the University, nearer the Danube, was built in 1804.The interior was restored in 1856 and adorned with frescoes byThiersch. The new Byzantine façade , designed by Hansen , was added in 1858 at the expense of Baron Sina ( d. 1876); the frescoes on gold ground are by Rahl . The vestibule contains some paintings by Bitterlich and Eisenmenger. The Church of St. Barbara (Pl . 48), in the Postgasse , carefully restored in 1852 , belongs to the ‘ United Greek’ congregation. In the same street are the Office of the Minister of Commerce ( No.8), the University Library (No. 9 ,with over 200,000 vols. ), and the General Post Office ( Nos. 10 & 12).d. The N.W. Purt of the Inner City.From the W. end of the Graben the Naglergasse and Bogner gasse lead in a straight direction to the Hof and the Freiung, while the Tuchluuben to the right ( No. 8 the Austrian Kunstverein , p . 182)leads to the HoHB MARKT (Pl . D, 3), the centre of the old town of Vienna and of the ancient Roman settlement. The Sina Palace (No. 8) , restored by Hansen and decorated by Rahl , is part of the Berghof, the oldest house in Vienna , where the Roman Prætorium is once said to have stood . In the centre rises a Votive Monument designed by Erlach , representing the marriage of the Virgin , erected in 1732, and restored in 1852. On each side of it is a fountain .Between the Hohe Markt and the Danube lies the old Jews' Quarter.No. 8 Wipplinger Str. , a short distance to the W. , is the old Rathhaus (Pl . 80) , known as ' Der Magistrat’, the oldest part of which , next to the Salvatorgasse , dates from the beginning of the 15th cent., while the façade in front dates from the 18th . The in terior, containing the municipal library and archives , portraits of Austrian sovereigns, statues , etc. , may be seen on application . In the court a Fountain with Perseus and Andromeda by Donner. Op posite the Rath haus , at the corner of the Judenplatz , are the ofCivic Arsenal. VIENNA . 34. Route . 1957fices of the Minister of the Interior, erected by Fischer von Erlach in 1716. New Rathhaus, see p. 198 .Adjoining the old Rathhaus is the Salvator - Capelle , or Chapel of the Rathhaus (Pl . 61) , consisting of two chapels united by an archway , the older dating from the 13th , the other, and the fine Renaissance portal, from the 16th century . The tower was added in 1867. The chapel is used by an Old - Catholic congregation . Ser mons in Polish are preached here during Lent.The fine church of Maria - Stiegen ( “ Maria am Gestade; P1.58 )in the Salvatorgasse , attended by a Bohemian congregation , dates from the end of the 14th cent . , when the Gothic style had attained its highest perfection . It was restored in 1820, and possesses hand some altars and old and modern stained glass . For some unex plained reason the narrow and lofty nave , which is without aisles,joins the choir in a slightly oblique direction . The heptagonal tower (187 ft .) terminates in an open -work dome .We now return to the Wipplinger- Str., whence the Färbergasse leads to the Hof, the largest square in the interior of the city . In the centre rises the Mariensäule , or Column of St. Mary , erected by Leopold I. in 1664 in honour of the Immaculate Conception . In the S.E. corner of the Platz is the War Office. Adjoining it is the Church am Hof (Pl. 45) , formerly belonging to the Jesuits , of the 15th cent. , with a façade in the rococo style added in 1662. The handsome building opposite is the Austrian Credit - Anstalt (Pl . 25) ,adorned with six statues by Gasser. In the N.W. corner of the Platz is situated the

• Civic Arsonal (Pl. 109; adm . , see p. 181), visitors to which apply to the superintendent of the firemen , to the right in the

court. The facade is embellished with figures by Mathielli. The Waffen -Museum is on the first floor, on the left side of the passage .Most of the arms on the walls date from 1848, and are the property of the city.The following are a few of the objects of historical interest. Thesword of Marshal Clerfait; busts of Archduke Charles (with French flags above it), Count Wrbna, Emp. Francis, Count Saurau , and Marshal Lau don (with Prussian flags above it on the left and Turkish on the right);Laudon's hat and orders; flag of the Tyrolese riflemen who fought against the Italians in 1848; Turkish flags, arms, and horse- tails; hat and sword worn by Emp. Francis in 1813; rustic weapons from the War of the Pea santry in Upper Austria (p . 170 ); Hofer's Alpenstock; a large red banner captured from the Turks in 1683; the skull of the Grand Vizier Kara Mustapha , with the silken cord with which he was strangled after his unsuccessful expedition against Vienna ( p. 183 ); his grave-clothes with Arabic inscriptions, chiefly from the Koran. (The body was exhumed after the taking of Belgrade, and the head separated from it, and brought to Vienna. ) Most of the Oriental weapons are of the last and the present century. The oldest is a Turkish sabre of 1550. Observe also the sword of a janizary of 1685, and the silver -mounted knife of Osman Pasha.The Freiung, the adjoining Platz on the W. , is adorned with a

• Fountain by Schwanthaler, a column wreathed with oak-leaves ,

representing Austria, with the rivers Danube, Elbe , Vistula, and Po .713 *196 Route 34 . VIENNA. Harrach's Gallery .7On the left side of the Freiung (No. 3) is Count Harrach's Palace (Pl . 87), containing the Harrach Picture Gallery (adm . see p . 182)on the second floor. It contains about 400 pictures, well arranged,and lighted from above . Entrance by the door to the left.1. Room . 1st wall on the right: 23 , 24. Griffier (the 'Gentilhomme d'Ul recht ) , Views of Greenwich and Windsor Castle; 25. W. van de Velde,View of Malta . 2nd wall: 36 , 37 , 38 , 40 , 41 , 48. Landscapes by Joseph Vernet ( the finest, 40. Storm at sea; No. 41 was injured by a ball during the bombardment of 1849); * 45. Claude Lorrain , Sunset; 52. Ruysdael,Dutch landscape; 53. Everdingen , Rocky landscape. 3rd wall: 76, 77. Salv.Rosa, Rock scenery . 4th wall: 98. Potter (?) , Cows; 103. Cuyp , Cowherd with cattle; 115. Canaletto , The Freiung at Vienna with the Harrach Palace. II . Room. 1st wall: 123. Peter Brueghel, Seven Works of Mercy;132. Ryckaert, Plundering; 142 , 143. Teniers, Peasants smoking; 149. Albrecht Dürer (?), Portrait; 150. Weenix, Abraham's departure; 151. Holbein (?) , Portrait of Moritz von Ellen; 154. Ciro Ferri , Adoration of the shepherds. 2nd wall: 160. Ryckaert, Three musicians; * 165. Schalcken, Peter denies Christ;

• 169. Netherlands School, Three female musicians; 175. De Vos, Entombment;

177. Fra Bartolommeo (?) , Virgin and Child; 178. And. del Sarto (?) , Holy Fa mily; 179. Daniel da Volterra , Jesus in the Temple; 180. Florentine School,Madonna and Child with St. Joseph and angels; * 181. Leonardo da Vinci (?),Christ bearing his Cross , Mary, and St. John; 184, 189. Luini, Madonna and Child; 191. Maratta , Holy Family reposing; 196. Caravaggio, Lucretia;

• 217. P. da Cortona, Sacrifice of Isaac; 222. Cima da Conegliano, Madonna;

223. After G. Reni, Beatrice Cenci; 224. Seb . del Piombo, Ecce hom*o; 227.Battoni, Susanna in the bath; 235. After Perugino, Madonna enthroned;Palma Vecchio , Pietà; Paul Veronese , 240. The widow of Darius before Alexander , 243. Washing of the feet; 245. Titian , Madonna and Childwith a saint . III. Room . 255. Tintoretto , Temptation of St. Anthony;256. Titian , St. Sebastian; * 259. Rembrandt (?), Portrait of the niece of the Duc de Nivernois; 267. Pordenone, 268. Basaiti, Madonnas; 271. Luca Gior dano , Isaac blessing Jacob; 282. Correggio (?) , Christ on the Mt. of Olives;Rubens, 285 286. , Head of a Moor, and a sketch; 296. Albani, Repose during the flight; 301. An. Carracci, St. Francis; Domenichino, 362. Judith , 312.St. Cecilia, 317. St. Jerome; 330. Coello, Madonna and Child , with St.'Anna and St. Cajetan; * 337. Murillo (?) , Esau selling his birthright; * 338.Velazquez, Infanta of Spain; * 339. Juan Carenno, Portrait of a nun; 340.Velazquez, Philip IV . in the robes of the Golden Fleece; Spagnoletto, 343. St. Bartholomew, 344. St. Jerome , 350. Queen of Heaven . The adjacent Cabinet contains thirty -six small Modern Pictures; among them: 6. Amer ling , Croatian boy selling onions; 7. Foltz, Procession to a cross; 9. Pollak,Roman shepherd -boy; 91 Adam , Sheep; 35. F. Voltz, Cows.The adjoining house ( No. 4) is the Palace of Prince Kinsky, with a richly -decorated façade , built by Hildebrand in 1710 for Count Daun. Opposite , between the Freiung, Schottengasse, and Schottenring , lies the spacious Schottenhof (p . 184) . The Schotten kirche (Pl . 62) , adorned with paintings by Sandrart , contains the tomb of Count Starhemberg (d . 1701) , the brave defender of the city against the Turks in 1683.At the N.E. corner of the Platz (Renngasse 4 ) is the Palace of Count Schönborn (Pl . 91 ) , with the Schönborn Picture Gallery on the first floor ( adm ., see p . 182; door to the right in the entrance ).I. Room. 1. Rugendas, Combat of horsem*n; 9. J. Brueghel, A village fair; 15. Mignon , Bust of the Madonna surrounded by flowers; 19. Griffier,Rhenish scene; 22. Brouwer , The village- leech; 24. Teniers, The temp tation; 34. Adr. van Ostade, Rustic entertainment; 38. Van der Neer,Winter-landscape; 40-42. Cranach, Portraits of men; 41. Van Eyck, Ado ration of the Magi; 47. Steen , Chiaroscuro; 48 , 54. Cranach , Adam andRing-Strasse . VIENNA , 34. Route , 197Eve . II. Room. 1. Domenichino, Portrait of a general; 2. Cignani, VenusandCupid; 3. Van Dyck, Cupid; 4. Guido Reni, Diana; 5. Hondekoeter, Poultry;8. Metsu , The letter -writer; *9. Holbein , Portrait ofa man; 15. Guido Reni,Ecce hom*o; 16. Van Goyen , Landscape; 21, 23. Weenix , Dead poultry;24. Teniers, A savant; 27. Rembrandt, Jacob's dream. III. Room. Rembrandt, * 2 . The blinding of Samson ,' 5. Descent from the Cross; 8. Van Goyen , Landscape; 10. Van Dyck, Virgin and Child; 12. Verschurig, Sea port-town; 16. Wynants, Landscape; 18. Caravaggio , Lute - player; 20. Rem brandt, Hagar and the angel; 22. G. Dou, Man with a globe; 31. Weenix ,Dead poultry; 38. Ruysdael, Landscape.Adjoining the Harrach Palace on the left is the National Bank (Pl . 10), a building erected by Ferstel in 1856-60 in the Italian style. The façade is adorned with figures by H. Gasser , and the passage ( bazaar) contains a handsome fountain in bronze with an allegorical figure of the Danube by Fernkorn. - The court of theMontenuovo Palace , Strauchgasse No. 1 , is embellished with afountain - group of *St . George and the Dragon by Fernkorn . The Herrengasse leads to the left to the Michaeler- Platz (p . 187) .No. 13 is the Niederösterreichisches Landhaus, or assembly -hall of the diet of Lower Austria, with a good façade, containing the col lections of theAgricultural Society (adm . , see p . 181). On the right,farther on (No. 11 ), is the Statthalterei, or government-buildings . The back of the Landhaus adjoins the Minoriten - Platz The Minorite Church (Pl . 60), that of the Italians, built in the 14th cent . , with a handsome E. portal, contains an excellent copy in mosaic of Leo nardo da Vinci's Last Supper, by Raffaeli (1816). On the right is the monument of the poet Metastasio (d . 1712) , a marble figure in a sitting posture . A little to the s . , on the N. side of theBurg , is the Ballhaus - Platz with the Foreign and Crown Office.By the Löwel -Str. and the Bankgasse (No. 9 in which is the imposing Palace of Prince Liechtenstein ) we may now return to the Herrengasse. The Schottengasse, the N. prolongation of the latter,passes between the Mölkerhof and the Schottenhof (see above) and leads to the Schotten - Ring (see below ).a-e . The Ring - Strasse.The * Ring - Strasse, which in conjunction with the Franz - Josephs Quai(see p . 205) encircles the entire inner city, has been constructed on the site of the old ramparts and glacis, and averages 55 yds, in width . Its length from the Aspern Bridge to the end of the Schot tenring is 2 M, The handsomeness of its architecture is perhaps unsurpassed in any other European capital, but many of the buildings are more showy than tasteful.In the SCHOTTEN - Ring (P1, D , 3) , to the left, at the corner of the Währinger- Str ., stands the Hôtel de France (p. 175) . Farther on, at the corner of the Hessgasse, is the site of the Ring Theatre,which was burned to the ground , with terrible loss of life,in Dec., 1881. Beyond it is the Police Office (Pl. 76), formerly the Hôtel Austria. On the right rises the Exchange ( Pl. 11a) ,7198 Route 34.VIENNA. Franzens- Riny.built in the Renaissance style by Hansen and Tietz at a cost of 5,000,000 fl. , and consisting of a rectangular block of buildings 300 ft. in length and 325 ft. in depth . The handsome façade is lavishly adorned with marble, terracotta, and reliefs. In the centre is a portico of five arches with two rows of columns. The magni ficent vestibule and the large business-hall are worth inspection .On the first floor (entrance from the Börsengasse) is the * Oriental Museum (adm . see p. 182) , which contains an extensive collection of Oriental articles, chiefly from E. Asia (natural products, manu factures , models , etc. ). It includes a Reading Room with a se lection of Oriental journals. Behind the Exchange , at the corner of the Börsen -Platz and Wipplinger-Str. , is the Central Telegraph Office (Pl . 97a).At the N. end the Schottenring is bounded by the Danube Canal, on the bank of which, to the right, extends the Franz Josephs- Quai, flanked with handsome modern buildings (comp.p. 205 ). - On the left is the extensive Rudolfs- Caserne ( Pl. 20;D, 2) , opposite which the new Augartenbrücke crosses the canal to the Leopoldstadt. The four bronze figures on the pillars at the ends of the bridge represent Painting, Poetry , Commerce, and Astronomy.The Schottenring is adjoined on the S. by the *FRANZBNS-RING ( Pl. C, 3 , 4), where a number of magnificent New Buildings have been erected, which make this section of the Ringstrasse one of the finest parts of Vienna. To the right, at the corner of the Universitäts- Str. and opposite the Votivkirche (p . 221 ), rises the * University, a large quadrangular structure in the style of the early Tuscan Renaissance , built by Ferstel. It contains accommodationfor the university collections, the library (in the middle , at the back), and most of the lecture - rooms. A large flight of steps ascends to the portico, which is adorned with numerous sculptures, and opens on the vestibule of the lofty aula. In the UniversitätsStr. , beyond the University, are the Offices of the Commander- in Chief (Pl. 35a), an imposing rectangle in the style of the Renais sance , by Doderer, completed in 1875. The doorway is embellished with Atlantes by Pilz.The next large building in the Franzens-Ring, but lying about 165 yds. back from the street , is the * New Rathhaus, built by Schmidt in the Italian palatial style of the 13-14th cent. and lav ishly adorned with statues . The building encloses seven courts ,the largest of which is surrounded with arcades , and besides the council-chambers , committee - rooms , and offices , contains three large halls for festive occasions. Below the tower, which dominates the principal façade, is a large reception -hall. The space in front of the Rathhaus is tastefully laid out with flower -beds. Opposite,on the left side of the Ring- Str. , is the new * Court Theatre ( Hof schauspielhaus ), a handsome Renaissance edifice with numerous columns, designed by Semper and Hasenauer.7Opera House. VIENNA . 34. Route. 199Farther on, on the right side of the Ring- Str. , facing the Volks garten, is the imposing * Reichsrathsgebäude, or Houses of Par liament, in the Greek style, by Hansen. The pediment above the colonnade contains a group of statuary by Hellmer, representing the Emp: Francis Joseph granting the constitution . The portico adjoinsthe atrium , from which we enter the magnificent peristyle, borne by 24 monolithic columns. The Chamber of Deputies on the left and the Senate on the right form two independent buildings , adorned with basreliefs and surmounted at the corners with quadrigæ . The lower wings uniting these buildings contain the offices, committeerooms, etc. Beyond the Houses of Parliament, to the left, in the Volksgarten - Str., is the new * Palace of Justice, built in the German Renaissance style by Wielemanns in 1875-81 and containing thesupreme courts of the Austrian empire. In the magnificent hall in the centre is a marble statue of Justice by Pendl, 10 ft in height .The vaults contain the archives.In the BURG -RING (Pl. D, C, 5), opposite the Burg -Platz, are the new * Imperial Museums, extending from the Bellaria - Str. to the Babenberger- Str. The two buildings, which are exact counterparts of each other , were erected in a Renaissance style by Semper and Hasenauer. That on the W. is to contain the natural history collections , while the other is destined for the art collections now in the Belvedere (p. 207) . The exteriors, which are lavishly adorned with sculpture, were completed in 1879. On the domes are colossal statues of Helios and Athena , while round the cornices are statues of celebrated artists and naturalists (34 of each) . The figures of Architecture and Artistic Industry, by Kundmann , at the chief portal of the E. museum , are two of the most successful statues in the whole building. The space between the two museums is to be occupied by a monument to the Empress Maria Theresa, designed by Zumbusch in the style of that of Frederick the Great at Berlin .In the Hofstall - Str., behind the museums, are situated the exten sive buildings of the Imperial Stables (adm. , see p. 181) , which contain a gan -room, saddle-room, riding-school , etc. , all worthy of inspection.The Burgring is continued to the E. by the OPERN-RING ( P1 . D,4 ). To the left, at the corner of the Albrechtgasse, is the palatial residence of Baron Schey, a banker. Adjoining it in the Albrecht gasse is the handsome new Palace of Archduke Albert (Pl. 69), con nected by a covered passage with that prince's older palace ( p. 192)on the Augustinerbastei. Farther on , between the Operngasse and the Kärntner - Str., rises the * Imperial Opera House (Pl. 99 ), a magnificent Renaissance edi fice designed by Van der Nüll and Siccardsburg , and completed in 1861-69 by their pupils Storck and Guggits. The sumptuous deco rations of the interior were executed by Schwind, Engerth, Rahl,and others. On the handsome staircase are medallion-portraits of-200 Route 34 . Academy. VIENNA .the architects; the parapet is adorned with marble statues of the seven liberal arts (Architecture , Sculpture, Poetry, Dancing, Music,the Drama, and Painting), by Gasser . Adjoining the ‘ foyer', which is richly embellished with operatic scenes by Schwind and busts of celebrated composers , is an open ' loggia' or balcony towards the street, also decorated with frescoes by Schwind (scenes from the ‘Zauberflöte') and bronze figures of Heroism , Tragedy, Fantasy,Comedy, and Love by Hähnel. The winged horses on the pedestals to the right and left above the balcony , erected in 1876 , are also by Hähnel. The interior, with seats for 3000 spectators, is richly gilded and painted; the ceiling - paintings are by Rahl. On the principal curtain is a representation of the legend of Orpheus,designed by Rahl , The fronts of the boxes are embellished with thirty medallions of distinguished members of the Viennese opera during the last hundred years . Admission to inspect the interior,see p . 182.– In front of the lateral façades towards the Operngasse and Kärntner - Strasse rise two handsome fountains with marblefigures by Gasser.In the Opernring, opposite the Opera House, stands the * Hein richshof ( Pl. 39) , an imposing edifice by Hansen , the property of Herr von Drasche. The upper part of the front is decorated with frescoes on a gold ground by Rahl and Eisenmenger.The Elisabeth- Str. , at the back of the Heinrichshof, leads to the Schiller- Platz (Pl . D, 4 , 5), which is adorned with the *Schil ler Monument ( Pl. 34b) by Schilling , unveiled in 1876. The bronze statue of the poet stands upon a lofty, richly-articulated granite pedestal , at the corners of which are sitting figures re presenting the four ages. At the sides are figures of Genius (in front) , Poetry, Science, and Human Love ( behind). On the pedestal are medallion - reliefs of Pegasus, the pelican , the tragic mask, and the head of Minerva . On the 8. side of the square isthe new Academy of Art (Pl. 1 ), a Renaissance edifice built by Hansen in 1872-76. The windows in the richly-decorated façade alternate with niches containing terracotta copies of celebrated ancient sta tues; between the windows of the upper floor are allegorical figures al fresco on a gold ground .The Academy, founded at the close of the 17th cent. , in the reign of Leopold I. , and frequently re-organised , has occupied its present position as a school or college of art since 1872 . In 1876 the institution andits extensive collections were transferred from the St. Annagasse (p. 193)to the new building in the Schiller- Platz.Adjoining the vestibule is the Aula , forming the chief room of the Museum of Casts (adm. , see p . 181 ), which contains a rich collection of copies of ancient, mediæval , and modern sculptures , and also several interesting original works. Of these the finest are a "Torso of Hera , of the best period of Greek workmanship , the leaden model of Fischer's Ana tomy, and reliefs, busts, and statues by Raphael Donner, Beyer, Zauner, etc. The Entresol on the S. side (entrance by the w. corridor) contains the Library and the collection of Engravings and Drawings (open daily 3-7 , in summer 3-6 ). The most interesting of the drawings are the works of Koch (landscapes from Italy, illustrations of Dante , etc.) , Führich'sAcademy. VIENNA. 34. Route . 201scenes from the Prodigal Son , those by Genelli, and admirable works by Schnorr, Steinle, Schwind , Wächter, Schwanthaler, and others. Among themostimportant engravings are those comprised in the Hüsgen collection of Dürer's works (with lock of Dürer's hair ).The * Picture Gallery (adm. , see p. 181 ) is on the first floor ( entrance by the W. corridor ). The greater part of this valuable collection was presented by CountAnton Lamberg in 1812. Almost every school of painting is represented , but the glory of the collection consists in its specimens of the Netherlandish masters of the 17th cent . , e.g. Van der Meer of Delft,Van Goyen , Ruysdael , Willem van de Velde , and the architectural and flower-painters. The Graces by Rubens deserve special mention. - In 1835 the Emp. Ferdinand presented 84 pictures, mostly of the Venetian school , which were never adequately exhibited until the completion of the new building. The remainder of the collection consists of modern works purchased by government, and a few portraits and compositions by H. Füger, bequeathed by his son .The gallery consists of a hall facing the S. , a corridor parallel to the hall and lighted from the N., two large corner- pavilions, and several side- rooms. As a new catalogue'is now in preparation, it will suffice to mention here a selection of the most meritorious works without adding the old numbers. Lampi, Portrait of Canova; Kollonitsch, Portrait of Count Lamberg, founder of the gallery; Bonifacio, Finding of Moses; Titian, Cupid sitting on a wall; * Paul Veronese , Annunciation; Mazzolino, Virgin and Child; *F. Francia , Virgin enthroned; Bonifacio , Gentlemen and ladies at a rustic repast; * Velazquez, Consort of Philip IV . of Spain; Murillo ,Two street-boys playing with dice; Herri met de Bles, Procession of the Cross , Prayer of John the Baptist; Pourbus , Portraits; Fries, Portrait of a man with a skeleton to the right; * Old German School, Death of the irgin; Van Acken , Creation , Fall of man, Expulsion from Paradise, Last Judgment, Tortures of the damned; * Rembrandt, Dutch girl; De Heem ,Still - life; Cuyp , Portrait of a woman; Hondekoeter, Poultry; * Rubens,Boreas carrying off Orithyia; Rubens, Designs for painted ceilings; Weenix,Poultry; Fabritius , Bust of a shepherd; Rubens , * The Graces, Mary Magdalene anointing the feet of Christ; Van Dyck, Souls in purgatory,Lady at the piano , *Man in armour; Rubens, Esther before Ahasuerus;Huysum , Flowers; Rachel Ruysch , Flowers; Ede Witte , Interior of achurch; Neefs, Interiors; D. Hals, Aristocratic party; * Netscher, A blonde;Teniers, Bust of a priest; Pynacker , Landscape; Le Duc, Duet; Ghering,Interior of a church; * Heyden , Bridges in a city, with accessories by Adr. van de Velde; Berchem , Cliffs by a lake; Le Duc, Lulled to sleep;Van der Meer, Dutch family - picture; Ostade, Two peasants; Elzheimer,Woodland - scene with mythological figures; Potter, Sheep; Ostade , Acomic recitation; Jan Fyt, Still life; Hondecoeter, Ducks; Du Jardin , 0x and goats; Backhuyzen , Landing - place with boats; Roos , Italian land scape; Asselyn , Landscapes; Van Goyen , Dordrecht'; Craesbeke, Peasants outside a tavern; Teniers, The five sensés; * Everdingen , Mountain water fall; Greuze , Girl with a dog; * Claude Lorrain , Landscapes; Teniers,Witches' sabbath; Berchem , Landscape in winter; W. van de Velde, Port in Holland; Both, Sunset; *A. van de Velde, Cattle-market at Haarlem;

• Ruysdael, Landscapes; Wouwerman, Travelling-adventure; J. Vernet, Land scapes; Greuze, Heads; Greuze, Girl in morning -attire.

In the vicinity, Eschenbachgasse 9 and 11 , is the handsome Renaissance building of the Engineering and Industrial Societies ,erected by Thienemann in 1870-72, and containing magnificent rooms. The entresol of No. 9 is occupied by the Scientific Club,founded in 1876 , which possesses a reading-room , lecture -hall,and restaurant, all well appointed. The parterre of No. 11 contains the Industrial Museum( section for works in wood), containing up wards of 6000 objects ( adm ., see p. 182).The Kärtner- Strasse leads N. from the Opera to the Stephans202 Route 34. VIENNA . Kärntner - Ring.9Platz (No. 51 , the Palais Todesco, in a Renaissance style , adorned with frescoes by Rahl) . The prolongation of the same street towards the S. ends at the Wien , over which the * Elisabeth - Brücke leads to Wieden (p. 219).The bridge, a Renaissance structure built by Förster in 1850-54, is 90 ft. wide and 140 ft . long. On the parapet are eight marble statues:Duke Henry Jasomirgott, by Melnitzky; Leopold the Glorious, by Pre leuthner; Duke Rudolf II . , the founder, by Gasser; Rüdiger von Starhem berg , by Fessler; Bishop Kollonits, by Pilz; Niklas Salm , by Purckershofer;Joseph von Sonnenfels, by Gasser: Fischer von Erlach , by Cesar.We now return to the Ringstrasse . In the KÄRNTNBR-RING (Pl . D, 4, 5) are a number of handsome dwelling - houses . No. 9on the left is the Grand Hôtel ( p . 175) . To the right in the Acad emie- Str. is situated the Commercial Academy (Pl. 37b) , erected by Fellner in 1862. Façade adorned with statues of Columbus and Adam Smith . The detached building opposite , facing the Loth ringer -Strasse on the Wien , is the Künstlerhaus ( Pl. 65a), built in the Italian Renaissance style by A. Weber in 1865-68 and en larged by Schachner and Streit in 1881 (exhibitions of pictures , see p . 182). Beyond it , in the Künstler-Gasse, is the Musikvereins gebäude (Pl . 37 ) , in the Renaissance style, erected by Hansen in 1867-70 for the ‘ Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde'. Façade richlyembellished with statues . In the tympanum the myth of Orpheus in terracotta , designed by Rahl. Handsome concert - rooms in the interior , the chief of which is decorated with ceiling-paintings of Apollo and the Muses, by Eisenmenger. The society possesses alibrary of 20,000 musical works , and a valuable collection of old instruments, portraits of composers , MSS. , busts , medals , etc. (adm . , see p. 182; concerts, see p. 179).The Kärntner- Ring is regained hence by the Canovagasse . Tothe left , at the corner of the Schwarzenberg - Platz , is the old Pa lace of Duke Philip of Wurtemberg , now the Hôtel Impérial (p .175) . To the right , in the Schwarzenberg - Platz, rises the eques trian Statue of Prince Schwarzenberg (Pl. 34b), the victorious leader of the Allies in the wars of 1813 and 1814' , designed by Hähnel, and erected in 1867. On the left side of the Platz is the Palace of Archduke Ludwig Victor ( Pl. 69a) , erected by Ferstel in the Italian Renaissance style in 1865 (rich façade ). Adjoining it are the offices of the Austrian ' Staatsbahn' Company. The Schwar cenberg Bridge, 90 ft. long, built in 1864, crosses the Wien to Landstrasse (p . 206); at the farther end is the Summer Palace of Prince Schwarzenberg ( Pl. 75) with a pleasant garden ( open to the public). In front of the palace is a large basin and a fountain with a jet 100 ft. high.The KOLOWRAT-RING ( Pl. E, 4,5) begins at the Schwarzenberg Platz. To the right in the Christinengasse is the Academic Gym nasium (Pl . 37a) , with its handsome Gothic façade. The Beet hoven- Platz, in front of the gymnasium , is embellished with a-Stadtpark . VIENNA. 34. Route. 203>7

• Monument to Beethoven, by Zumbusch, unveiled in 1880. On a

lofty granite pedestal is the sitting figure of the great composer in bronze, 81/2 ft. high , while to the left is Prometheus Bound, to the right Victory with a wreath of laurels; at the front and back are figures of child-genii (total height 23 ft.). To the right in the Ring, farther on , is the Adelige Casino (or club of the noblesse), alarge building with a long balcony . Near the Stadtpark is the elegant iron Tegethoffbrücke over the Wien . To the right , at the corner of the Johannesgasse and the Lothringer -Strasse, stands the Palais Larisch , an imposing French Renaissance building by Van der Nüll.The * Stadtpark (Pl . E, 4), with its pleasant grounds and shady walks , is a favourite lounge on summer-evenings . The elegant Cursalon , in the Italian Renaissance style , was built in 1865-67 from designs by Garben (concerts , etc. , see p . 177) . A little to the N.E. is the Carolinenbrücke, leading to part of the garden on the right bank of the Wien (large play -ground for children) . To the left, before it is crossed , is a fountain with a figure of the Danube by Gasser. A pavilion beyond the pond (crowded with skaters in winter) affords a good survey of the grounds. Farther on , in the direction of the Ring -Str. , are * Schubert's Monument (d . 1828) by Kundtmann , erected in 1872 , and a colossal bronze bust of Bürgermeister Zelinka (d . 1868), by Pönninger.In the PARK - RING , opposite the Stadtpark , is the building of the Gartenbau -Gesellschaft, or Horticultural Society ( Pl. 35) , which contains spacious saloons for flower- shows, concerts, etc. ( p. 179) .The colonnades on both sides are occupied by shops . Behind it is the extensive Palace of Duke Augustusof Coburg (Pl. 72), with its long balcony, and columns of the Ionic and Corinthian orders . Farther on rises the * Palace of Archduke William ( Pl. 69b) , erected by Hansen in the Renaissance style in 1865-67. Handsome façade with Ionic columns , adorned with statues and trophies above; and afinestaircase. At theback of the palace ( Liebenberggasse ) is the Detailmarkthalle , or Retail Market ( Pl. 65 c; p . 181). At theend of the Stadtpark the Stubenbrücke, one of the oldest bridges in Vienna, leads to the right to Landstrasse (p. 206).In the STUBEN -RING , on the right, are the * Austrian Museum of Art and Industry (Pl . 90) and the School for Art- Industry, two Italian Renaissance edifices in brick, erected in 1868-71 and 1875 1877 from designs by Ferstel. The articulation of the museum is ofstone , that of the school is in terracotta. The museum is embel lished with two friezes decorated in sgraffito by Laufberger, and with majolica medallion - portraits of 33 celebrated artists and art-workers.The two buildings are united by a corridor , adjoining which is acolossal statue of Pallas Athene by Laufberger, rising above afountain. In the interior of the museum is a quadrangle surrounded by a colonnade , on each side of which are four exhibition-rooms,204 Route 34 .VIENNA . Austrian Museum .On the first floor are the library , reading ,1 designing , business,and additional exhibition-rooms; the second floor is occupied by working - rooms. The Austrian Museum of Art and Industry, founded in 1863 on the plan of the S. Kensington Museum, has for its object the encouragement of the industrial arts by means of oral andwritten instruction , practical training, and the exhibition of good models . Herr Eitelberger is the Director. The collections arearranged with a view, as far as possible , to show the steps of the development of technical perfection and style . Adm ., see p . 182.The Court and COLONNADE contain sculptures, chiefly casts of ancient and modern works. The different objects are labelled. ( ' Wegweiser' , or guide-book , 20 kr. ) . - Right: Room I. Specimens of the Goldsmith's Art and kindred branches. On the wall: Objects from the treasury of the Teu tonic Order ( drinking-vessels, weapons, etc.), ecclesiastical vessels, * Trea sures of the Guelphs (reliquaries, book -boards, etc. , of Byzantine and early- German workmanship ), specimens of Spanish damaskeening, Arabian ,Cologne, Limoges, Venetian, and transparent enamels (Crucifix with trans parent enamel by Finiguerra, 15th cent.). The large show -cases in the middle of the room contain Japanese, Chinese, Indian , and other Oriental goldsmith's work and enamels, enamels of the 18th cent. , and reproductions of gold trinkets in electroplate. In the small cases are ornaments of every age and people, including an ancient *Gold ornament from Timbuctoo,probably of Carthaginian origin , Chinese gold filigree-work , and char acteristic national ornaments from Austria, Bavaria, India, Egypt, etc.Room II . Pottery and China . The wall - cases ( beginning with the E.window -wall ) contain specimens of Mexican , Peruvian. Egyptian, Spanish,Portuguese, Morocco, Turkish, South -Slavonic, and Magyar pottery, smaller antique terracottas, (N. side) Italian rustic majolica , Moorish and Rho.dian faience, Persian tiles , stoneware, Delft-ware, Rouen -ware , German and Austrian pottery, Wedgwood - china , biscuit- china , Dresden - china,Sèvres - china , china from Copenhagen , Stockholm , and St. Petersburg,Chinese and Japanese porcelain . The cases in the middle contain early Viennese china , antique painted terracotta - vessels, Italian majolica (16th cent. ) , Palissy- ware and imitations of it , large show -pieces from various manufactories, modern faience. Not in cases: Early Italian and modern terracotta-busts , huge antique and Renaissance vessels. Room III .Glass. Antique glass vessels and pieces of glass; glass pastes; Venetian,painted German , Oriental, and Bohemian cut glass ( two Persian bottles of the time of the Crusades, old Arabian lamp); modern Austrian ,English , French , Russian , etc., glass wares, glass mosaics, window -panes.Room IV. Specimens of Furniture, Weaving, Ivory Carving, etc. Thefurniture , vessels , stoves , etc., of the various styles are grouped to gether in separate cabinets: Oriental, Renaissance , Gothic , Rococo, and Baroque' (*Wood -mosaics by Röntgen of Neuwied ). The wall-cabinets contain a collection of woven products , embroideries, laces, costumes,and so forth , which are frequently changed. Above them are specimens of tapestry. Cabinets with carvings in ivory, wood, stone, and other ma terials (Spanish ivory figure). Chests; cabinets; * Coffer covered with embroidery bearing ihe initials ofHenri II . of France and Diana of Poi tiers (16th cent. ) . Room V. Articles in the Base Metals. In the middleof the room: railings of wrought and cast iron , leaden figures , *Chande liers of steel and rock -crystal, cases containing Persian vessels of brass and tin , etc. By the wall: Bronzes from the barbaric and Etruscan periods down to the present day, tin and copper vessels , locks and keys,metal-mountings, etc. (* Antique bronze mask , relief in lead by Raphael Donner ). Room VI. Varying collection of modern articles of Austrian and foreign manufacture. - Room VII. Book - Decoration and Mural Paint ing. Book - covers, miniatures, specimens of printing, leatherwork, lacquer work , wicker-work , carpets , etc. Room VIII. Plaster Casts of archi tectural details , ornamental works , small figures , and vessels . FIRST-7Leopoldstadt. VIENNA. 34. Route. 205។FLOOR. Room IX. Pictorial and Plastic Art ( objects frequently changed ).Opposite: arrangements representing rooms furnished in different styles.TheLibrary contains 16,000 vols. of works on pure and applied art, and a collection of 15,000 drawings, photographs , engravings , and so forth .The Reading and Designing Roomis open daily to all comers (in winter during the evening also ), and visitors are most liberally permitted to make use of the collections.The TECHNICAL School , founded in 1868 , consists of apreparatory school, and departments for instruction in architecture , sculpture , and painting in their industrial relations, chasing, wood-carving, enamelling,painting on porcelain , etc. Those who intend to become teachers of drawing have a special course provided for them . There is also a chemical laboratory. The school produces a constant succession of skilled artisans, foremen, designers, modellers, etc. The various technical schools and educational work -shops throughout the Austrian Empire are generally managed by former pupils of the Vienna Technical School.On the left lie the spacious drilling -grounds , beyond which is the Franz - Josephs - Thor , flanked by two large barracks (Pl . 17) .To the right , immediately above the influx of the Wien into the Danube Canal, is the Radetzky Bridge ( Pl. E , 3) , built in 1854,which leads to the Landstrasse suburb (p. 206).The Ringstrasse terminates with the Aspern Bridge, constructed in 1863-64. The buttresses are adorned with allegorical statues byMelnitzky (War, Peace, Fame, Prosperity) . The Franz-Josephs-Quai leads hence to the left along the canal, passing the Ferdinands Brücke, the Carls - Brücke, and the Kaiserbad , and ending at the Schottenring (p . 197).>-29II. THE OUTER DISTRICTS.Leopoldstadt, the second of the municipal districts of Vienna,lies on the N. side of the Danube Canal . The chief artery of traffic is the Prater- Strasse (also called the Jägerzeile; Pl. E, F , 2, 3) ,which is traversed by tramways to the Prater - Stern (p . 224 ), the new municipal Baths (p . 225), and the large stations of the Ń . and N. W. Railways (p . 178 ). The principal buildings in this street are the Carl Theatre (Pl. 102) and the Church of St. John ( Pl. 56),built by Rösner in 1842-45, and decorated with frescoes by Führich ,Schulz , and Kupelwieser. In the neighbouring Tempelgasse is the Jewish Synagogue (Pl . 96) , a brick edifice in a Moorish style by Förster ( 1853-58 ); the atrium is tastefully decorated with mosaics.On the E. the Leopoldstadt is bounded by the Prater (p. 224 ).On the N.W. lies the Augarten (Pl. D, E , 1 , 2) , a park of 125 acres laid out in the French style , and opened to the public by Emp. Joseph II. in 1775. The small Augarten Palace is now the official residence of the Obersthofmeister, or Lord High Chamber lain , Prince Hohenlohe - Schillingsfürst. ( Café -Restaurant, see pp. 176 and 179. )The Augarten is bounded on the N. by the Brigittenau (Pl. D , 1) , which contains extensive manufactories and a handsome modern * Church in the early- Gothic style, with two towers , built by Schmidt in 1867-73. Thei2 7 > >>206 Route 34. VIENNA, Geological Institution .7interior is adorned with polychrome painting, and frescoes by C. and F. Jobst. The altar -sculptures are by Erler, the stained glass by Geyling.The Kaiser-Franz- Joseph- Brücke , constructed in 1872-76 , crosses the main arm of the Danube from Brigittenau to Floridsdorf (p . 303 ).The third district , Landstrasse , lies on the right bank of the Wien and the Danube Canal, and extends on the W. to the Heu gasse and on the S. to the Belvedere -Linie. To the right beyond the Radetzky - Bridge (p. 205) is the Custom House (Pl. 66) , to the left the Steamboat Offices ( Pl. 27). By proceeding straight through the Radetzky - Str. and the Löwengasse we reach the * Weissgärberkirche (St. Margaret's, Pl. 63 a ), which was erected by Schmidt, in the early -Gothic style (1866-73), and possesses ahandsome tower, 250 ft . high.On the Wien , to the S. of the Custom House and above the Stubenbrücke (p. 203) , are the grounds of the Vienna Skating Club , including a large skating- rink (adm . 50 kr. ). Opposite stands the Grossmarkthalle , or Wholesale Market Hall ( Pl. 65b),built in 1865. In the Invalidengasse , a little to the E. , beyond the railway-viaducts, is situated the Hospital for Pensioners (Pl .41 ), adorned with two large paintings by Krafft , representing the battles of Aspern and Leipsic . At Heumarkt No. 1 , a littleto the S. , is the Imperial Mint (Pl. 68) , erected from designs by Sprenger in 1836. Adjacent, in the Linke Bahngasse , is the Vet erinary Institution ( Pl. 105 ), attended by upwards of 1000 stu dents , which professional men or persons interested in farming are recommended to visit .The Geological Institution ( Pl. 36; F, 4; adm. , see p. 181) in the Liechtenstein Palace , in the Rasumoffskygasse, was founded in 1849 with a view to promote geological enquiry in every part of the empire . It possesses considerable collections, which are open to the public . The society also contributes materially to the advancement of the art of mining , and issues many valuable maps and scientific works . Adjoining it is a Garden containingmany rare plants, also open to the public. - At the E. end of the Rasumoffskygasse is the Sophien - Brücke, leading across the Danube Canal to the Prater.More to the S. stands the Rudolf Hospital (Pl . 75), built by Horky in 1862-65, admirably fitted up , and containing accommo dation for 860 patients. A short way to the S.E. are the ex tensive Artillery Barracks (Pl. 15) , which are adjoined by the Slaughter Houses (Pl . 92) , and the Central Cattle Market, covering 20 acres of ground, andcapable of containing 37,000 head of cattle.From this point the Rennweg leads N.W. to the Schwarzenberg Brücke ( p. 202), passing the well-arranged Botanical Garden ( left ),the Palais Metternich ( right), built by Romano in 1840, the Lower Belvedere, and large Barracks. The old Metternich park (Pl. E, 5)is now covered with numerous handsome streets and houses, in cluding the palaces of the German embassy and of the Duke of Nassau .>Belvedere. VIENNA. 34. Route. 20777The Belvedere, an imperial château , once the residence of Prince Eugene of Savoy (d . 1736), by whom it was erected in 1693-1724 ,consists of two buildings, the Lower Belvedere, containing the Am bras collection and the antiquities , and the Upper Belvedere , or château proper, with the picture-gallery . Between them extends alarge garden with terraces , in the French style , the lower part of which is traversed by shady avenues, while the upper part, laid out in grass -plots and flower - beds, is adorned with fountains andtwelve figures of children by Gasser. The Upper Belvedere ismore than 1 M. from the Stephans-Platz . Omnibuses to the S. station pass near the Belvedere , passengers for which should alight at the end of one of the streets (Belvedere-Str. or Karolinen -Gasse ) leading from the Favoriten - Str. to the Upper Belvedere, whence they may descend through the garden to the Lower (better than in the reverse direction, which is uphill).The**Picture Gallery (adm. see p. 182 ) in the Upper Bel vedere (Pl. 86; entrance from the s . ) is arranged in schools: on the first floor, divided by the marble-saloon into two parts , on the right (E. wing) the Italian, on the left (W. wing) the Flemish and Dutch schools , with a few Spanish and French pictures . On the second floor four rooms on the E. side contain the old German and old Netherlands schools; four on the W. the modern German school .Every picture is furnished with the name of the artist and the date .This collection of pictures (numbering about 1500 works), which has occupied the Belvedere since 1777, attained its present dimen sions during last century by the amalgamation of various smaller collections. In it the most widely divergent schools of by-gone art are represented by masterpieces , so that the historical student and the amateur alike will be rewarded by an inspection of the galleries .The chief strength of the collection , however, lies in its examples of the Venetian School, Rubens, and Dürer, in which it is unsur passed by any other gallery in the world . Among the most striking of the works by EARLY ITALIAN MASTERS are the two by Perugino (III . 12, 31 ); Fra Bartolommeo's Presentation in the Temple (IV. 29), painted in 1506 , notable for its elevated simplicity of grouping and mild dignity of character; Andrea del Sarto's Pietà (IV, 23), characterised by its robustness of expression . Raphael's Madonna al Verde ( III. 55) , an example of his Florentine period ( 1505 or 1506?) , while it does not quite attain the attractive liveli ness of composition and expression which mark the similarly - com posed Madonnas in the Louvre and at Florence ( La Belle Jardinière and the Madonna del Cardinello ), is yet of great importance for the study of the master owing to the obvious indications it ex hibits of the influence of Leonardo da Vinci. Of the MASTERS OF UPPER ITALY Correggio, and Mazzuola or Parmeggianino, who,though not actually Correggio's pupil, yet stands in close relation to him , have the strongest claims on our attention . Correggio7208 Route 34 . VIENNA . Belvedere Gallery.reveals himself here , not only as an impressive delineator of scriptural types ( VI. 25 ), but also as a fascinating narrator of pleasing myths (VI . 19 , 21 ) . Parmeggianino is best represented by his Cupid cutting his bow ( VI. 20) and the portrait of Malatesta Baglioni (VI . 22 ). Among the numerous excellent works by VENETIAN Masters in the gallery, it is difficult to single out the most attractive . The far- reaching fancy of Titian , which enabled him to clothe themes the most diverse each in its appropriate garb,is perhaps nowhere studied to so great advantage as here . What ahost of different emotions the mind experiences in passing from the Ecce hom*o (II . 19) to the Callisto or Danae (II . , 17 , 36) , from the Entombment (11. 32) to the mysterious allegories of love (I. 6,II . 59) , from the sweetness of his Madonnas (II . 64) to the austerity of his portraits of Italian savants , a Vesal , a Varchi, a Strada, or the physician Parma ( II . 24, 27, 37, 40)! In portraits generally the Vienna gallery is particularly rich , and a comparison of the Venetian works with those of Velazquez , the greatest Spanish portrait-painter, or with those of Van Dyck , will prove of great interest in enabling the student to appreciate the peculiarities of the different masters . The most striking work of Giorgione is the so- called ' Geometricians' (II . 57) . Among the finest Italian works may also be mentioned the Visitation and Madonna (II . 2, 6) of Palma Vecchio, the Madonna with saints (I. 50) of Paolo Veronese,the Madonna (11. 47) of Lorenzo Lotto of Bergamo, and the St. Justina (II . 7 ) of Alessandro Buonvicino of Brescia , surnamed Moretto (à. after 1560), which is justly regarded as one of the gems of the collection .Turning now to the NORTHERN Schools, we find that Jan van Eyck's Portrait of a man (II . 42) , the sketch for which is pre served at Dresden , is by far the most striking example of early Netherlandish art . Gerhardt van Haarlem is represented by a Pietà and the Burning of the bones of John the Baptist ( II. 58, 60), Roger van der Weyden by a Crucifixion (I. 81), and Memling by altar pieces with the Virgin Mary (II. 6 , 10, 61 ) . Dürer's masterpiece, and the most finished composition he ever produced, is the Trinity ( I. 18) in this gallery, painted in 1511 for the chapel of the Fraternity at Nuremberg ( p . 86 ). The best of the portraits by Holbein the Younger are those of Jane Seymour (I. 61 ) ,Derick Tybis , a London merchant (1. 83), and John Chambers, the physician (I. 62) . In spite of their unpleasing subjects, the two paintings of the miracles of St. Ignatius and St. Francis Xavier,in the first Rubens room (IV. ), rivet the attention by the dramatic vigour of their expression and the skill of their colouring. The finest of the other works in the same room are the Boar Hunt ( 7),St. Ambrose denying the Emp. Theodosius entrance to the church ( 8 ), and the allegorical picture of the four quarters of the globe (10). The masterpieces in Room V. are the Madonna with St.Belvedere Gallery. VIENNA. 34. Route. 209Ildephons and the Festival of Venus. A not unpleasing contrastto the exuberant spirit of this master is formed by the refined ,though at times somewhat frigid , repose of Van Dyck , who is admirably represented here by his two Madonnas ( III . 2, 33),his Delilah ( III. 32) , and the portrait of Francesco de Moncade (III. 19). The portraits by Rembrandt, of various dates, admirably illustrate his change of manner: the portrait of a lady (I. 40) and its pendant (I. 38 ) are painted luminously and minutely , theportrait of himself in a fur -cap (I. 42) belongs to his middle period,while the portrait of himself in a und hat ( I. 45) is suffused with the deep golden tone which characterised his later years.Some of the finest works are generally to be found on the easels of the copyists (chiefly on the ground- floor).Plan of the First Floor .Netherl. Schools. ( North . )3 2 1Italian School.1 2 3Marble SaloonStaircase.5 6 7 7 6 514( South . )(N. , S. , E. , W. denote the N. , S. , E. , and W. walls. )>First Floor. E. Wing: ITALIAN SCHOOL. Room I. VENETIANS.(W.) 2. Palma Giovane, Mourning for Christ; 9. Jac. da Ponte ( Bassano ), Tamar and Judah; 10. Palma Vecchio (or Lor. Lotto),Portrait of Gaston de Foix (? ); 11. Tintoretto , Portrait; 12. Jac.Bassano, The good Samaritan; *6. Titian , Allegory; (S. ) 21 , 22.Tintoretto , Procurators of S. Marco; Paolo Veronese , 23. Annun ciation , 15. Christ and the adulteress; 24, 25, 26. Tintoretto ,Portraits of men; 35. Palma Vecchio , John the Baptist; *16, 18 .P. Bordone, Portraits; 37. Tintoretto , Old man and boy; P. Ve ronese, 29. Portrait of the Venetian ambassador Barbaro, * 19 . Christ and the Samaritan woman.

• 38. Tintoretto, The Doge Niccolò da Ponte.

" The grandeur of conception, the tone of the flesh -tints, and the breadth of handling combine to make this a historical work. The great colourist is seen at his best in the depth and harmony of the cap, chair, and cur tain .' Die Kunstdenkmäler in Wien ( “ Art Treasures of Vienna ') , byProf. G. F. Waagen .32. Tintoretto , The Doge Venier. –(E. ) *50. P. Veronese, Ma donna with St. Catharine and St. Barbara .' Seldom do we find in this master such well- ordered composition, and such fine feeling in the heads ( especially the nuns), coupled with his own peculiar cool and silvery harmony.' Waagen .

• 52. P. Veronese, Christ and the Woman with an issue of blood .

" The best small picture by this master known to me , and the best example of his power in this collection .' Waagen .

• 48 . Titian , Venetian lady.

Room II. , also VENETIANS. (W. ) * 2. Palma Vecchio, The ConBAEDEKER’S S, Germany. 5th Edit.14210 Route 34 .VIENNA . Belvedere Gallery .>ception (marked by ' rich - toned landscape and a large cast of form ');4. Jac. Bassano , Portrait of himself; * 6 . PalmaVecchio, Madonna.9 , * 11 , * 12. Palma Vecchio, Venetian ladies." The blending and enamel of the skin (of No. 11), the pure and finely outlined features are lovely.'— ' The grand ease of her pose (No. 12) is in admirable contrast with the toning and exquisite finish of the flesh .'Crowe and Cavalcaselle.13. Palma Vecchio, Lucretia. - *7. Moretto, St. Justina.Majestic beauty dwells in her face , and melody of silvery colours combines with soft and highly blended modelling to produce an impression of great freshness and brilliancy . C. & C.

• 8. Bonifacio, Madonna; 5. Titian, St. Catharine; 3. Giorgione,

St. John; ( S. ) Titian , 27. The antiquary Strada , 23. Portrait,

• 39. Madonna and saints, 17. Diana and Callisto .
• 40. Titian, Portrait of his physician Parma.

“ This masterly portrait is one of the noblest of its kind , finished with a delicacy quite surprising, and modelled with the finest insight into the modulations of human flesh .' C. & C.Titian, 41. Madonna (small picture of his earliest period), 48.Portrait of himself, 18. Št. James the Elder , 29. Isabella d'Este ,30. Jesuit praying , 32. Entombment, 45. Pope Paul III. ( copy ),46. Elector John Frederick the Magnanimous of Saxony , 37. The Florentine historian Varchi , 22. Filippo Strozzi, 35. Young girl in furs, 36. Danae.

• 19 . Titian, Ecce hom*o.

This great painting, completed in 1543, was purchased in 1620 by Villiers, Duke of Buckingham , after whose death it passed into the hands of Emp. Ferdinand III. It contains portraits of Sultan Solyman and of Are tino (as Pilate). The picture is handled with great freedom and facility,and coloured with richly contrasted tones ( C. & C. ).43. Giovanni Bellini , Young lady , with a mirror; 47. Lor.Lotto, Madonna; Padovanino, 21. Christ and the adulteress , 26.Judith; (E. ) 60. Titian, The Woman taken in adultery .

• 64. Titian, Virgin with the cherries .

' It is impossible to conceive a more glossy finish united to more sub tile modelling, or greater purity in colours of the richest tinge and most dazzling brightness. The treatment, still reminiscent of Palma , re veals the lasting influence which that great master wielded upon Titian .'C. & C. *57. Giorgione, “Geometricians from the East. 'This picture is said to have been finished by Sebastian del Piombo after Giorgione's death , but of this there is no trace. It is characterised by plump form , soft blending , pure drawing, and spare impast in flesh bathed in vapour and made transparent by delicate glazes. We must ad mire the spirited and easy reproduction of instant motion , the lightness of touch , and the subtle feeling for colour.' – C. & C. 58. Vivarino, Altar - piece; *62. Basaiti, Call of the sons of Zebedee; 59. Titian , Allegory ( a variation of No. 6 in Room I. ); 56. Bonifacio, John the Baptist; 66. Bordone, Allegory.Room III. Romans. (W.) Maratta, 1. Death of St. Joseph, 23.Flight into Egypt; 9. Sassoferrato, Madonna; * 12. Perugino, Ma donna and saints (“ the colour is bright and powerful' ); 6. Raphael Mengs, Madonna; (S. ) 28. Pomp. Battoni, The Prodigal Son; 31 .Belvedere Gallery. VIENNA. 34. Route. 2111Perugino , Madonna with saints; 33. Pietro da Cortona , Hagar;Caravaggio , 25. Tobias, 27. Madonna of the rosary.( E.) * 55. Raphael, ‘ Madonna al Verde' .The 'Madonna al Verde ', the “Madonna del Cardinello' at Florence,and ‘ La belle Jardinière' in' the Louvre form a group nearly allied in point of conception. To the earlier and simpler representations of the Madonna , in which Mary and her Son alone appear, the child John the Baptist has been added. This not only admits of the delineation of additional features of child -life , but also enables the master to construct a regularly - arranged group . The two children , standing at the feet of the Madonna , form a broad base for the composition , which tapers up wards easily and naturally to the head of the Virgin. This arrangement first found expression within the realms of sculpture , whence it was eagerly adopted by the Florentine painters . - Springer . See also p. 207 .

• 49. Albani, Venus; *54. Raphael's School, Holy Family; 56,

57. Salvator Rosa , Battle-pieces; *51 . Giulio Romano , St. Mar garet (one of the artist's finest works). The adjoining circular room contains a bust of Emp. Francis and an Apotheosis by Füger,dedicated 'patriae et ecclesiae liberatori' (1814); also an album in a richly - adorned iron case, presented by the city of Vienna to Emp.Francis Joseph in 1873, on the 25th anniversary of his accession .Room IV. FLORENTINES. (N. ) 3. Andrea del Sarto , Madonna;10. School of L. da Vinci , Christ bearing the Cross; 5. Angelo Bronzino, Holy Family; 9. Carlo Dolci , Madonna and Child; 12.Luini, Herodias; (w. ) 19. A. del Sarto (or Pontormo?) , Old woman; 17. Fra Bartolommeo (? ), Madonna.

• 23 . And. del Sarto , Pietà (Madonna mourning over the body of Christ).

" There is nothing ideally select in the shape of the Redeemer or in the face of his mother; but the naturalism of the nude , the correctness of the drawing and modelling , and the intensity given to the expression of grief , are so genuine . that we still find much to admire and topraise, the more as the colour is still brilliant and powerful.' — C. & C. 15. Franc. Furini, Magdalene; * 20 . Crist. Allori , Judith; 24.Cesare da Sesto (?) , The Daughter of Herodias; 18. Sodoma, Holy Family; (E. ) 35. Furini, Magdalene.

• 29. Fra Bartolommeo, Presentation in the Temple.

This ‘magnificent conception sins by shortness of stature in the per sonages, and has been deprived of harmony by the removal of glazes; but there are few subjects due to Fra Bartolommeo in which there is a softer gravity or a more melancholy beauty' . C. & c .30. A. del Sarto (?), Holy Family; (S . ) 42. Fra Paolo da Pistoja,Madonna and saints;36. Franciabigio (?), Portrait of a man; *43 .Benozzo Gozzoli, Virgin and Child worshipped by saints.Room V. BOLOGNESB . (E. ) 1. G. Reni, Baptism of Christ; 3.Cignani, Madonna; 6. G. Reni, Ecce hom*o; 4. Marcantonio Fran ceschini, Magdalene; 5. Cignani, Cimon deriving sustenance from his daughter; 9. An . Carracci, Pietà; (N. ) 13. An. Carracci, Ve nus and Adonis. - * 17. Agostino Carracci, St. Francis.An admirable example of this rare master , who surpasses the other Carracci in purityof drawing and taste. The composition is well considered,the drapery carefully executed , and the colouring unusually clear and harmonious. Waagen ,714 *212 Route 34 . VIENNA. Belvedere Gallery.G. Reni, 21. Madonna, 23. David , 24. Magdalene; 18. Fran cesco Francia , Madonna with St. Francis and St. Catharine; 19.Guercino, John the Baptist; ( W. ) 30. Guercino , The Prodigal Son;G. Reni , 31. Ecce hom*o, 27. Presentation in the Temple.Room VI . BOLOGNESE, LOMBARDS, etc. (E. ) * 10 . Correggio, Por trait; An. Carracci , *12 . Christ and the Samaritan woman , 13 .Entombment; 2. Lod. Carracci, Venus and Cupid; (N. ) *22. Par meggianino , Portrait of the Florentine General Malatesta Baglioni ( 'nobly conceived , finely drawn , and executed in a careful and masterly style' ); * 19 . Correggio, Jupiter and Io ( replica in Ber lin; “ the expression of the well-individualised head is extraordi narily attractive' ); Correggio, * 21. Ganymede carried off by the eagle (companion to No. 19 ), 25. Christ crowned with thorns; 20.Parmeggianino, Cupid cutting his bow; 27. Murillo (?) , John the Baptist, with a cross; *28. Seb . Bombelli, Duke Francesco de' Medici at the age of twelve; (W. ) 33. Dosso Dossi, Duke Alphonso II.of Ferrara; 39. Bolognese School , Madonna; 41. Parmeggianino,Portrait; 34. Procaccini, Pietà; *46. Mantegna, St. Sebastian .Room VII. VENETIANS, SPANIARDS, etc. (E. ) 17. Schiavone,Holy Family; * 12 . Palma Vecchio, Venetian lady; Velazquez, *13.The Infanta Marg. Theresa, * 14 . His own family ( one of the best of the artist's pieces out of Spain), 15. The Infanta Maria Theresa ,

• 6 . The Infant Don Balthasar, 8. Philip IV. of Spain; 7. School of Luca Signorelli, Nativity; 2, 3. Tintoretto, Portraits; 16. A. Bronzino, Cosimo de' Medici; (N). Bonifacio, 24. St. Francis and St. Andrew, 26. St. Jerome and St. John; Spagnoletto , 20. The Boy Christ among the doctors , 22. Christ bearing his Cross; 38.

Salvator Rosa, Portrait of a warrior; *40. Velazquez, Idiot .(W. ) *44. L. Giordano , Fall of the angels .The works of Luca Giordano (1632-1705 ) are of such varying merit that the Italians say he sometimes used a golden , sometimes a silver, and sometimes a leaden pencil , - the last unfortunately oftenest. This picture,however, is one of the few which may be assigned to his golden brush;the composition shows a powerful imagination , and the attitudes are very effective.49. Palma Vecchio, Venetian lady; 47. Velazquez, The Infanta Maria Theresa. On the ceiling, * Paolo Veronese, Curtius leaping into the gulf.W. Wing: NETHERLANDS SCHOOLS. I. (REMBRANDT) Room,( E. ) 2. Ph . de Champaigne, Adam and Eve mourning for Abel; 9 .Sam. van Hoogstraeten, Portrait of an old Jew looking out at a win dow; 11. Govaert Flinck , Portrait of an old man; (S.) 14, 15. Jac.van Es, Fish- markets, the figures by Jordaens; 20. Jan Fyt, Ani mal and fruit-piece; * 21 . Hondecoeter, Poultry. Most of the pictures on the following (E. ) wall are by Rembrandt; the finest are, 38. Portrait, 39. Portrait of his mother, 40. Portrait of a lady,41. Youth singing , *42, *45. Portraits of himself, 28. St. Paul .Room II . LANDSCAPBS. (E.) 9. Van der Neer; * 6 . Ruysdael;W.Belvedere Gallery. VIENNA. 34. Route. 2137. Saftleven; (8. ) 37. Backhuysen; 29 , 36. Ruysdael; ( W.) 48.Artois , Large wild landscape; 53. Backhuysen, Amsterdam; * 58.Vlieger, Sea- piece.III . (VANDYCK) Room. (E. ) *2. Madonna and saints (one of the finest altar-pieces ever produced by Van Dyck); *4, 5. Rupert and Charles Lewis, sons of Count Palatine Frederick V.; 8. Joseph Hermann; 10. Portrait of a general ('reveals the influence of Ti tian in its grandeur of conception, simplicity of form , and warmth of harmony'); ( S.) 16. The Infanta Clara Isabella Eugenia; 19.Count Ossuna; 21. Portrait of a gentleman; 22. Christ on the Cross; 24. Countess Emilie von Solms; 25. Portrait of John de Montfort; (W.) 31. Christ mocked; 32. Samson and Delilah; 33.Holy Family; 30. St. Francis Seraphicus; 28. The Jesuit Scribani.27. Crayer, Virgin enthroned; 35. Rubens , Pietà.IV. (RUBENS) Room . (E. ) * 1 . Ignatius Loyola curing possessedpersons; 2. Assumption; * 3Preaching . of St. Francis Xavier (three very large pictures); 4. St. Jerome; 5. Pepin of Brabant with his daughter St. Bega; (W.) *7. Meleager and Atalante slaying the Calydonian boar; *8. St. Ambrose prohibiting the Emp. Theodo sius from entering the church of St. Ambrogio at Milan ( 'in every respect one of the very best of the artist's historical scenes' ); * 10.The four quarters of the globe, represented by the river- gods of the Danube, the Nile , the Amazon, and the Ganges (the tigress in the latter remarkably good); 11. Portrait of himself; 13. Pietà; 16 .Scene from the Decameron of Boccaccio.The adjacent WHITE CABINET contains twenty-nine flower and fruit - pieces, and the GREEN CABINET a number of Dutch cabinet pictures: 9. Metsu , Lace-maker; Mieris, * 14. Scene in a shop,

• 18. Sick lady; 16. Terburg, Young girl; 20, 52. Gerard Dou,

Urine doctor and old woman; * 11. Schalken, Girl with a candle;51. Berchem, Pastoral scene; * 103 , *104. Balth. Denner, Old man and old woman , two excellent portraits, of remarkably minute exe cution; 62. Roos, Animal- piece; 63, 97. Wouwerman, Landscapes;87. Van de Velde, Landscape.V. (RUBENS) Room. (W. ) *The Virgin with four women and St. Ildephons; left, Archduke Albert, Stadtholder of the Netherlands; right, his wife kneeling.This masterpiece, the finest work of Rubens in the gallery, was painted for the church of St. Jaques sur Caudenberg at Brussels , soon after his return from Italy ( 1610 ). He is here seen at the apex of his excellence,and never subsequently produced so perfect a work in so lofty a style '.( Springer ).3. Naked children playing; ( N. ) 6. Magdalene; 7. Festival of Venus; 15. From Ariosto's Orlando Furioso; 11. Portrait of Helena Fourment, the artist's second wife; ( E. ) 20. Emp. Ferdinand III.when Archduke, in Hungarian costume; 21. Holy Family; 23 . Maximilian I.; 27. Philip le Bon of Burgundy.VI. ( TENIERS) Room . ( W.) D. Teniers the Younger, 3. Rustic214 Route 34.VIENNA Belvedere Gallery. .77wedding, 5. Abraham's sacrifice; 9. Jan Steen , Rustic wedding;13. Pet. van Elst, Interior of a cottage; *16 . Teniers, Village festi val; 17. Ryckaert, Female treasure - digger; (N. ) 24. Ryckaert, Vil lage- festival; 34. Teniers , Picture -gallery of Archduke Leopold William , Stadtholder of the Netherlands, as it existed at Brussels in 1656, when Teniers was overseer of the gallery; most of the pictures here copied are now in the Belvedere; 22. Corn . Schut,Hero and Leander; 37. Teniers, Dancing peasants; 28. Ryckaert,Plundering of a village; (E.) 53. Teniers, Cow - house; *51 . Teniers,Prize-shooting at Brussels , Arch. Leopold William receives an honorary cross -bow; 46. Honthorst, Christ before Pilate.Room VII. ( W. ) 4. De Vos, Portrait of himself; 15, 18. Bour guignon , Cavalry -engagements; 16. Pauditz, Old man; *27. Jor daens, ' Bean-King' , a Twelfth -Night game ('nil similius insano quam ebrius' is the motto above the chimney); 23. Seghers, Madonna; 32.Steen, Dissolute life; (E. ) 47. Jordaens, Jupiter and Mercury at table with Philemon and Baucis; 56. Brueghel and Rottenhammer,The four elements; 51. Craesbecke, Interior of a tavern; 48. Van der Helst, Portrait.Second Floor. To the right (E. ): EARLY GERMAN & NETHER LANDS Schools . Room I. ( W.) Thomas of Mutina, Altar-piece on gold ground; *5. A. Dürer, Emp. Maximilian I. * 15 . Dürer,Martyrdom of the 10,000 Christians under Sapor II . , King of Persia, in the centre Pirkheimer and Dürer himself , the latter with astick in his hand , and on it a paper with an inscription recording that he was the painter.A subject of this kind, representing the most excruciating details of torture and death , is certainly alien to modern taste , but was chosen by Dürer for the opportunity it afforded of depicting nude forms in various attitudes and bold foreshortening. The admirable drawing, the fine, even delicate execution, and the strength and depth of the colouring, make us almost forget the ghastly nature of the work as a whole. Dürer' , by Prof. Thausing.

• 27. Holbein, Portrait; Dürer, 26. Madonna, * 28. Madonna with the pear ( 'one of the most carefully executed and effective of Dürer's

paintings”), 29. Portrait, 30. Johann Kleberger; 23. M. Schön (?),Holy Family.

• 18 . Dürer, The Holy Trinity, or All Saints ('Allerheiligen bild' ) , painted in 1511 .

No work of the painter surpasses this in wealth and magnificence of composition. The harmony of colouring is so fine and spiritual, that it seems as if Dürer had been aiming at the pictorial embodiment of the music of the spheres. ( Thausing. )12. Grünewald, Maximilian I. and his wife Mary of Burgundy,their son Philip le Bel , Charles V. and Ferdinand I. , sons of the latter, and Lewis II. of Hungary; 4. Holbein (?), Portrait of a man;(N. ) 58. G. Pencz , Crucifixion, with the donors , a small winged picture; 47. Westphalian School, Altar-piece with four wings , on which are apostles, church- fathers, saints , and the donors; Hol bein, *61 . Jane Seymour, third wife of Henry VIII. ( ' one of theBelvedere Gallery. VIENNA. 34. Route. 215best examples of Holbein's English period'), *62. John Chambers,physician of Henry VIII.; 41. Cranach the Elder, Adam and Eve;37, 43. Theodorich of Prague, St. Augustine and St. Ambrose; 50.Burgkmair , Altar- piece; Crunach, 63. Frederick the Wise , 64.Portrait; (E.) 71. L. Cranach, Appearance of Christ; 78. Amber ger, Herodias; 67, 68. Holbein (?), Man and wife; *81. Roger van der Weyden , Crucifixion, with wings (considered a school-piece by Mr. Crowe); 82. H. Memling, Bearing the Cross and Resurrection;H. Holbein , *83, 85. Portraits; 88. Amberger, Portrait of a man.Room II. (W.) 5. Master of the Death of Mary, Altar- piece with wings; 6 , 10 ,61. Memling, Madonnas with angels and donors;12. Old DutchSchool, Pietà; * 18 . School of John van Eyck, Virgin and Child, almost a miniature; 22. School of Van Eyck , St. Catha rine; 13. J. van Eyck , Portrait of a young man; 9. Mabuse, Ma donna; ( N. ) 32. O. Massys, St. Jerome; * 42. J. v. Eyck , Portrait of an old man; 43. Pourbus the Younger, Portrait; ( E.) Gerhardt van Haarlem , 58. Pietà , 60. Julian the Apostate burning the re mains of John the Baptist; 59. B. van Orley, Altar- piece; 66, 67.Joh . Schoreel , Portraits. The windows of this room afford a view of the railway - stations and the Arsenal.Room III. ( W.) François and Pierre Pourbus, 13, 14 , 19, 23,24, 27, 28. Por aits; A. Moor, * 20 . Cardinal Granvella, 29. Por trait of a young man; F. Floris, 16 , 17. Adam and Eve, Expulsion from Paradise; 34. Francken, Cræsus showing Solon his treasures;( E.) 65. After Callot, Fair at Impruneta near Florence . Room IV. German Pictures of 1530-1780, comparatively unin teresting . ( * Survey of the city and environs from the windows . )A longpassage leads into the four rooms on the right , which contain about 150 MODERN PICTURES , chiefly by Austrian artists; names on the frames. These works are frequently changed.The Ground Floor , containing the less important pictures of the Ita lian and Flemish Schools and also a number of modern sculptures , is at present closed . To the right of the egress are the Copying and Restoration Rooms, under the management of Herr Schellein .The LOWER BELVEDERE (entered from the Renngasse) contains the collection of antiques and Egyptian antiquities, and the Ambras Collection . The visitor first enters the large saloon of the * Collection of Antiquities (Pl. 83; adm. see p . 181 ), which consists of statues,busts, reliefs, inscriptions, and mosaics, most of them from differentparts of the Austrian dominions.ENTRANCE HALL: On 10 platforms are the smaller objects (busts, &c . ) ,in the centre the larger. 1st Platf. (left) No. 1. Silenus, 3. Double bust of the poetesses Sappho and Erinna, 10. Germanicus, 11. Sappho, 25a. Marcus Aurelius Commodus, 26a. Commodus. 2nd. 31. Comic mask , 36. Greek hero, * 38. Vitellius, 39. Hadrian , 40. Venus , 41. Diana. – 3rd. 48. Her cules, 49. Rom . Eagle, 51.Mithras monument, foundat Mauls in the Tyrol (Mithras, god of the sun , stabs a bull in the neck, a symbol of the power of the sun when it enters the sign of the bull; below are a dog, serpent,and scorpion; above are the sun and moon) . 4th . *55. Faun , 59. Her cules, 60. Augustus, 64. Taurobolium ( sacrifice of a bull ) in relief, ' 64a. Bust of Marcus Aurelius , 65. Sphynx , reconstructed , with 4 heads. 5th . 69.Genius of Sleep , 70. Pan and a Bacchante , 76. Roman bust. 6th . 88a .216 Route 34 . VIENNA Antiquities. ,Augustus, 93. Julia Domna , with removable hair , 94. Sibyl , a statuette ,95. Julia Mæsa , 97. Faustina junr. , consort of M. Aurelius ( d. at Vienna A. D.180 ); 100. Three Horæ , a modern mosaic , 101a. Centaur, a torso,102a. Trajan . 7th . 105. Marcellinus, 106. Greek basrelief, 107. Augustus as a youth , 108. Sept. Severus, 112. Lúc. Verus , 115. Offering sacrifice ( amosaic), 115a . Greek tombstone. 8th. * 117. Jupiter Ammon (mask ), 119.Girl offering a grasshopper to Ceres (mosaic ) , * 120a . Pallas. 9th . 124 .Faustina senr. , consort of Anton . Pius , 126. Scipio Africanus, 130. Genius of sleep (a statuette), 131. Vitellius ( bust in porphyry), 133. Ścipio Africa nus, 137. Diana of Ephesus , 137a . Anton . Pius , 138. Discobolus (after Myron ), 138a. Luc. Verus. 10th . (right, by the door). 142. Matidia, niece of Hadrian, 143. Julia Domna (with removable hair ) , * 146. Julia, daughter of Augustus, 148. Galba (bust in porphyry) , 150. Hygeia .IN THE CENTRE: 154. Marcellus, a portrait -bust; * 155. Mercury as an orator, a bronze statue, 6 ft. in height, found in the Zollfeld in Carinthia in 1502; * 156. Euterpe; * 157. Isis , in black marble, with face , hands,and feet in white; * 158. Fragment of a Cupid, 159. Geta, 160. Vase with Bacchanalians , 161. Vespasian, * 162. Amazon (a fragment, archaic style ),163. Paris, 166. Head of the goddess Roma; ** 167-170. Sarcophagus with reliefs representing the battle of the Amazons , found by Count Fugger near Ephesus, and known as the 'Fugger Sarcophagus '; 171a . and b. Egyp tian sarcophagus of blackish limestone; 171e. Large vase ( used as a fish tank , found in the harbour of Lissa ).SECOND Room . (left) Above the busts: 176a. Sept. Severus, 180a. Apollo ( in relief) , 195a. Marcus Aurelius; on the platform , cinerary urns and small tombstones. 3rd R. In the centre, 199a. and 200. Two Egyptian sarcophagi , between them a glass case containing Mexican antiquities. 211. Head of Venus; 212b. Silenus mask; 215. Votive stone. By the wall , 230. Mithras monument (comp. No. 51, above) . 4th R. Cabinet with busts, statuettes,vases, &c .; in the centre, under glass, the mummy of an Egyptian sacred bull (Apis); by the wall to the left, Roman bricks; 235. Sabina. 5th R. Antiquities from Cyprus , Persepolis , etc. 6th R. Indian and Mexicanantiquities .The Egyptian Collection, arranged in three saloons on the rightof the entrance -hall, consists of mummies of human beings and ani mals, figures of gods and sacred animals in stone , clay, and bronze ,various utensils , coffins, etc. The second door to the right leadsto the celebrated

• Ambras Collection ( Pl. 82; adm . p . 181 ) of ancient armour

and curiosities, founded at the château of Ambras near Innsbruckby Archduke Ferdinand of the Tyrol (d . 1696) , and transferred to Vienna in 1806 .Room I. EQUESTRIAN ARMOUR . A. That of Maximilian I. (d . 1519) ,B. That of Archd. Ferdinand, founder of the collection. By the window wall, C. The gigantic (71/2 ft.) life- guardsman of the Archduke. Also armour of Austrian and other princes; in the centre Nos. 17, 18. The gala -suit of Archd. Ferdinand; 34. That of Stephan Bathory , Prince of Transylvania and King of Poland ( d. 1586 ), in steel and gold. Room II. Armour of German princes and others: right , D. Polished accoutrements of Rupert of the Palatinate ( d. 1410); left, F. Those of Count Fugger ( d. 1615 ). By the wall:48. Margrave Albert Achilles of Brandenburg; 64. Sigmund v. Königsfeld ( d. 1539) , entirely gilded; 74. Duke of Oliva (d. 1616) , in enamel. By the window, 2nd pillar, xvii . Sword and casque of Skanderbeg, Prince of Albania (d. 1466 , avigorous opponent of the Turks); xviii.Glove of Sultan Soliman (d. 1566 ), who besieged Vienna in 1529; on the 3rd pillar , xx.Quiver, bow , and pusikan of the Grand Vizier Kara Mustapha, who was strangled 25th Dec. , 1683, for having raised the siege of Vienna; 21. Battle axe of Montezuma (a. 1520); on the 4th pillar, xxii. Flag and club of Stephan Fadinger (d . 1626 ), leader of the Upper Austrian insurrection of the peasantry (p . 170) . In the corner a Turkish flag and horse's tail-->2Ambras Collection . VIENNA. 34. Route. 217captured in 1683. Room III. Gun CHAMBER. Fire-arms of various kinds, sabres, swords , etc. Room IV. ITALIAN and SPANISH ARMOUR. G. Mi lanese suit of Archd. Ferdinand; H. State - suit of Duke Alex. Farnese ( d. 1592 ), general of Philip II. in the Netherlands. On the pillars red suits of Venetian Doges. Room V. The three large cabinets in the middle of the room contain the BURGUNDIAN SACERDOTAL VESTMENTS from the Im perial Treasury, which are supposed to have belonged to the Order of the Golden Fleece, and are valuable specimens of embroidery of the Van Eyck School. On the walls are portraits of celebrities ( 141 in number) of the 15th - 16th cent., chiefly of the House of Hapsburg, and of historical value only. (Also 15 busts . ) 1. Rudolph of Hapsburg, copied from the tombstone at Speyer; 2. Genealogical tree ( dating from 1502) of the House of Hapsburg, from Rudolph (d. 1291) down to Philip le Bel and Margaret , children of Maximilian 1.; 4. Emp. Matthias; 5. Philip II . of Spain; 6. Don John of Austria; 9. Philippine Welser, the beautiful daughter of a citizen of Augs burg , wife of Archd. Ferdinand; 10. Archd. Ferdinand; 22. Mary of Bur gundy; 23. Maximilian I.; 41. Elizabeth of England; 42. Mary, Queen of Scots; * 47. Charles the Bold of Burgundy; 49. Duke Frederick of the Tyrol, ' with the empty pockets'; 53, 54. Maximilian I.; *57. Philip II. of Spain (by Moroni); * 63 . Charles IX . of Francé ( by Clouet); 72. Emp. Charles V.; 86, 87. John Fred. and Maurice , Electors of Saxony; 88, 89. Ulrich and Christopher, Dukes of Wurtemberg; 90 , 91. Albert Achilles and Joachim Hector, Electors of Brandenburg; 92. Philip the Generous, Landgrave of Hessen; 126. Stephan Bathory, King of Poland; 127. Francis I. of France. Busts: 1. and 2. Leopold I.; 10. and 12. Medallion- portraits of Matthew Corvinus, King of Hungary, and his consort. – Room VI. WORKS OF ART. 1st Cabinet: Glass of the 16th century . 2nd: Reliefs in ivory. 3rd: An tiquities, chiefly from the Tyrol; 92. Huge bronze nail from the Pantheon at Rome. 4th: Bronze steps, mostly of the 16th century. 5th: Ancient vases, metallic vessels, rings, knives, most of them found near Innsbruck , bronze figures, & c. 6th: Sculptures in stone, reliefs; 5-8. Augustus, Vitellius, Vespa sian , and Titus. Transverse Cabinet A. Admirable sculptures in stone . ASwedish soldier stabbing a nudewoman in the back; 21. The Presentation of Christ in the Temple; 28. Charles V; 28 a. H. Dollinger, The Annuncia tion; 20. Four reliefs in Kelheim stone by G. Schweigger (d. 1690 ) represent ing biblical scenes. Between the transverse cabinets A. and B.: St. Eliza beth in Kelheim stone ( 14th cent. ); Bust of a duch*ess d'Este ( 15th cent.). Transverse Cabinet B. Wood-carving: 1. St. Eligius shoeing à horse; . Adam , a statuette; 11. Casket (15th cent.); 12. Head of John the Baptist; 18 , 19. The Virgin and St. John; 37. Dead Christ ( 17th cent. ); 42. Perfo rated ornament; * 43. Rape of the Sabines , and 44, 45. Battle- scenes, by Al. Colin; 46. Dead bird, suspended by a cord. Between the transverse cabinets B. and C.: Draught-board of box -wood ( 1535 ); *Group of three figures, back to back (15th cent. ) . Case vii. Wood -carving , crosses, etc. , by the monks of Mo Athos in Macedonia. C vi lief inivory; 5. Adoration of the Magi; 7. Judgment of Solomon; 8. Madonna in the clouds ( 17th cent. ) . Case ix . Figures in ivory , chiefly mythological(17th and 18th cent. ); below , Chinese work .Case x. Carved ivory work . Transverse Cabinet C. Carved work in ivory and horn. Hand some drinking -cups , goblets, and lids , each carved in the solid . Case xi.Mosaics. 38. Clock -dial of agate in relief, Florentine; Utensils of a syna gogue in silver. 12th Cabinet: Wax -works, enamel, inlaid wood; 2 , 3 .Ovid's Metamorphoses in wax. 13th: Stained glass, goblets, vases. At the fourth window the Descent from the Cross, designed on glass by A. Dürer.By the window - post , in Case E., Susannah in the Bath , à ‘ paillon ’.Transverse Case F. Enamels. 14th: Vases of terracotta . 15th: Watches,mathematical instruments, tools as playthings for the children of the prince.16th: Implements, hawks hoods , Indian feather - ornaments. 17th and 18th: Musical Instruments. In the centre of the saloon; 12, 46. Casketswith embroidery and beads. By the window-pillars sumptuous saddles.Room VII. GOBLETs and WEAPONS; * Silver vessels, rock - crystal, consecrated swords, costly weapons and accoutrements. In the 4th case , Janizary and Hungarian caparisons; below is a crossbow inlaid with ivory , bearing218 Route 34. VIENNA .Arsenal.Dürer's monogram and the date 1521. By the window a handsome table and two caskets in Florentine mosaic; three old Russian images of saints,small ornaments. -- Room VIII. * Carved altar from Pfalzel near Trèves ( end of 15th cent. ). Several pictures: 4. Salv. Rosa , Sea - piece; 12. Low Ger man altar-piece; 37. Cranach , Madonna; 44. é. Veronese , Madonna with St. Catharine.The valuable Collection of MSS. and Engravings includes the 'Kunst buch ' of Albrecht Dürer ( with 12 priceless drawings by that master), the " Turnierbuch' of Emp. Maximilian , and numerous objects of great interest.Near the Belvedere, beyond the Lines, is the * Arsenal (Pl . 2;F, 7; adm . , see p . 181 ), erected in 1849-55, enclosed within a spa cious quadrangle, more than 1/3 M. in length , and 1/4 M. in breadth,at the corners and on the sides of which are barracks . Entrance infront, through the residence of the commandant; over the entranceare the different handicrafts connected with war , in the centreAustria , statues in sandstone by Gasser. In the rear, on the side opposite to the entrance , is the Romanesque church , containing aMadonna over the altar, which remained uninjured when the arsenal was stormed in 1848. The buildings comprise a Museum of Weapons , a gun -manufactory, iron-works, wood- yards, a cannon foundry, and boring-works . Visitors interested in the manufacture of weapons are conducted through the various establishments ( in 11/2 hr. ).The * Museum of Weapons ( Waffen -Museum ), erected by Han sen in a rich combination of the Romanesque and Moorish styles ,contains on the first floor the ' Ruhmeshalle' , and on each side of it the collection of weapons. On the ground - floor are the cannon -hall,the model-gun-room , and part of the extensive depôt of fire- arms.Magnificent vestibule , borne by twelve pillars , and adorned with 52 marble statues of Austrian heroes . The staircase , supported by four massive clustered columns, is decorated with allegorical frescoes by Rahl , and a group in marble of Austria protecting her children by Benk .The * Ruhmeshalle ( ' Hall of Fame') consists of a central hall covered with a dome, 75 ft . in height, and two smaller saloons adjoining it . Fres coes by Blaas: in the central hall, on the left, the Battle of Nördlingen 1634, St. Gotthard 1664 , Zenta 1697, Turin 1700. In the dome are scenes from the earlier history of Austria; in the corners statues of Radetzky,Haynau, Windischgrätz, and Jellachich. The glass -cases contain the piece of plate (Neptunebearing a man-of-war) presented by the town of Trieste to Admiral Tegetthof after the battle of Lissa, the marshal's baton of Ra detzky, and a cup presented to the poet Grillparzer by the Austrian army.In the saloon on the left the central picture is the Foundation of the Maria Theresa order; on the left Piacenza 1746 , Kolin 1756 , Hochkirch 1758 , Belgrade 1781 . Below are six trophies of Prussian weapons and flags captured during the Seven Years' War. In the saloon on the right the central picture represents the Entry of Francis II. into Vienna in 1815; on the left Caldiero 1805, Aspern 1809, Leipsic 1813, Novara 1849.Six trophies of French and Italian weapons. The gallery of the central hall (ascent in the corner to the left ) affords a good survey of the fres coes in the dome and the twelve smaller scenes in the corners. Above are twelve trophies of Turkish weapons.The imperial Collection of Weapons is one of the most extensive and valuable of its kind. Room I. ( to the left of the entrance to the Ruhmeshalle). On the left , 2. Arms of Emp. Maximilian I. – 1st Table: 39. SevenMuseum of Weapons. VIENNA. 34. Route . 219German swords of the 12th and 13th cent.; 42. Sabre of Skanderbeg ( d. 1466 ); six groups of pikes and lances of the 15th and 16th centuries.2nd Table: 120. Sword of Philip the Handsome of Castile (15th cent.);121. German dagger with inscriptions (2nd half of 16th cent.); 124 , 125.Swords of Maximilian 1. By the wall, * 131. Armour of Maximilian I. 3rd Table: 221. Almanac-sword; 222. Śword of George v. Frundsberg;227. Sword of Charles V. By the wall, Milanese armour. 234. Burgundian helmet (end of 15th cent.). 4th Table: 321. Sword of Italian workman ship (2nd half of 16th cent.); 323. Sword of German workmanship (same period ). By the wall, 327. Armour of Lewis II., last king of Hungary;330. Armour of Ferdinand I.; 404. Tournament suit for combatants on foot;405, 406. Armour, shield , and morion of Charles V. In the glass - case at the end of the room: * 409. Steel -cap of Charles V. By the wall, 411-413,526 , 527. Suits of armour of Ferdinand I. 5th Table: *517. Ornamental shield (by H. Mielich ). 6th Table: *613. Sabre (late Renaissance ). 8th Table: 784. Hungarian sabre. By the wall , 791 - 796. Gala - suits of ar mour of Maximilian II . ( d. 1576). Room II . ( to the right of the Ruhmes halle). On the left ofthe entrance: 1003. Armour of a Margr. of Bran denburg (d. 1624 ); 1055, * 1056, 1057, 1061. Half and whole suits of ar mour. 2nd Table:_1148. Sabre of the Grand Vizier Kara Mustapha; 1150 .Indian sabre. 3rd Table: Turkish weapons; 1242.Battle-axe . By thewall, 1250 , 1251. Armour; *1255 . Gala -armour of Emp. Rudolph II. 4thTable:Turkish weapons. 1339. Persian sabre . By the wall , 1355. Armour of Archduke Albert, Stadtholder of the Netherlands (d. 1621); 1357,1359, 1438.Gala- armour of Emp. Matthias ( d. 1619); 1444 , 1446. Armour with black devices. 5th Table: Oriental weapons; 1561. Pistols, a gift from the Bey of Tunis. By the wall, 1566. Collar , shirt of mail , spear, and sabre of Steph. Fadinger (d . 1626 ); armour of the Thirty Years' War; rustic wea pons. 6th Table: 1636. Sword; 1634. Halbert of Prince George Rakoczy II.(d. 1643 ); 1646. Sword of General Sporck (d . 1679) , with mottoes; 1647.Hat of Marshal Aldringer (d. 1643); 1658. Sword with 'pater-noster blade.By the wall, 1649. Collar of Gustavus Adolphus (d. 1632), worn by him at Lützen, with bullet- holes; 1655. Armour of General Sporck . 7th Table:Polish and Hungarian sabres; 1752. 1760. By the wall cuirasses and coats of mail; 1767, 1770 , 1771, 1712. 8th Table: 1849. Artillery -equipment of Emp. Charles VI. ( d . 1740 ); 1853. Sword of Archduke Charles. By the walî, 1875. Flag of the rebel Francis Rakoczy (d. 1671). 1877. Armour of Prince Eugene ( d . 1736 ).7The Elizabeth Bridge ( p. 202) forms the chief approach to Wieden , the fourth of the municipal districts of Vienna, in which,on the right, beyond the deep channel of the Wien, lies the princi pal fruit-market (p. 181 ) . Immediately to the left , at the corner of the Techniker - Str ., is the Protestant School (Pl. 93), built in the Renaissance style by Hansen in 1861. Adjacent is the Polytechnic Institution (Pl . 77; adm. see p . 182), for practical science , in dustry, and commerce, containing collections of products of Austrianindustry, models of machinery, mathematical and mechanical instru ments, large laboratory, botanical , zoological, and mineralogical collections, &c . In front of the building is the Statue of Ressel (Pl .34a ), inventor of the screw - propeller, cast from a model by Fern korn and erected in 1863. The Technological Museum (adm. seep . 182 ), connected with the Polytechnic , is divided into four sections: 1. Tools and machinery; 2. Raw materials and manu factures at various stages of their production; 3. Finished manu factures; 4. Models . There are in all upwards of 100,000 objects.-220 Route 34. VIENNA . Karlskirche.7The Carlskirche (Pl. 50) was erected in 1716-37 during the reign of Emp. Charles VI. , after the cessation of the plague, by Fischer von Erlach. It is a lofty structure with a dome, in the Italian rococo style , and is preceded by a hexastyle Corinthian portico .The effects of the plague are pourtrayed in relief in the tympanum .On each side of the portal rises a colossal column, 145 ft . in height,and 13 ft. in diameter, with reliefs from the life of St. Carlo Borromeo by Mader, in the style of the Roman triumphal columns,and surmounted by a clock - tower. To the left in the church is amonument of the poet H. v . Collin (d . 1811 ).In the Favoriten -Strasse, farther to the S. , are the Deaf and Dumb Asylum (Pl . 97; D, 6), founded by Maria Theresa in 1779,and the Theresianische Ritter-Akademie (Pl . 104) , an institution for the training of officers , standing within a spacious garden. The Church of St. Elizabeth (Pl . 50a; E, 6) , in the Carolinen Platz , is a Gothic edifice in brick, built by Bergmann in 1860-66.Beyond the Favoriten-Linie lies the new suburb of Favoriten ( Xth DISTRICT) , which contains the stations of the Südbahn and the Staatsbahn (Pl . E, 7).On the Gumpendorfer- Strasse, in Mariahilf, the Vith DISTRICT,on the left bank of the Wien, lies the Esterhazy, or Kaunitz Garden ( Pl . C, 5) , the property of the city. It contains the municipal Real Gymnasium , or commercial school. Nearer the Gumpendorf Line stands the * Protestant Church (Pl. 53; B , 6 ), a Romanesque struc ture, built by Förster and Hansen in 1846-49. Adjacent, on the S. , is the large Gumpendorf Slaughter House, built in 1861 .The Church of Fünfhaus, Gärtner- Strasse , outside the Mariahilf Line,is an octagonal Gothic edifice with two towers and a lofty dome, built in 1864-74 by Schmidt; fine polychrome painting in the interior. - In the vicinity is the station of the Kaiserin -Elisabeth - Westbahn , the vestibule of which contains a marble statue of the Empress Elizabeth by Gasser.Within the Mariahilf Line , in the Kaiser- Strasse, in Neubau,the VIIth DISTRICT, stands the * Lazaristenkirche, built in the Gothic style by Schmidt in 1860-62. In the Lerchenfeld - Strasse , on the N. side of the district, is the * Altlerchenfeld Church ( P1, 44;B, 4 ), a finely -proportioned brick structure in the Italian mediæval style, with two towers and an octagonal dome above the cross , built by Müller in 1848-61. It is tastefully decorated with frescoes by Binder, Führich, Kupelwieser, and others . In Josephstadt, theVIIIth DISTRICT, at the corner of the Lerchen felder - Strasse and the Auersperg- Strasse , rises the handsome Palace of PrinceAuersperg (Pl . 71; C, 4) , built in 1724 by Fischer von Erlach. Farther to the N. , in the Rathhaus - Str. (No. 7), isthe Military Geographical Institute (Pl . 67; C, 3) , a handsome building surmounted by a globe . - Adjacent, Rath haus- Str. 9, isCount Czernin's Palace (Pl. 85) , containing the Czernin Picture Gallery ( adm . see p . 182), exhibited in three rooms and an ante room . Catalogue 30 kr.Czernin's Palace. VIENNA . 34. Route. 2211st Room (the last of the three). (1.) 1. Maratta , Holy Family; 5.Sassoferrato , Holy Family; 10. Luini , Madonna and Child; 22. Giusto di Padova, Altar- piece in 24 sections (1344); 29. Palma Vecchio , Holy Fa mily; 36. ' Carracci, Christ before Pilate; 38. Titian , Portrait of the DogeVenieri; * 48 . Murillo , Christ on the Cross; 50. Guercino, St. Sebastian;53. Titian , Magdalene; 54. Tintoretto , Doge; 56. Ricchi , The wounded Tancred; 57. Spagnoletto , Philosopher; 65. Van Dyck (?), Ecce hom*o.On the easels: 230. Brouwer , Village- leech; 231. Ostade, Smoker; 232.Rembrandt, Portrait of his mother; 234. Teniers, Bagpiper; 243. Van Dyck ,Portrait; * Paul Potter , Cows coming out of their stable. 2nd Room (tothe left of the last). 72. Snyders, Vulture fighting with snakes; ** 96 . Vander Meer, His own studio; 97. Wouwerman , Return from the chase; 98. Cuyp,Cattle reposing; 107. Van Dyck , Cupid; 111. Rembrandt (?), His own family at an evening -entertainment; 120. Caravaggio, Dædalusand Icarus; 125. Claude Lorrain , Landscape; 126. Ruysdael, Storm at sea; 131. Mierevelt, Portrait;133. Van Dyck, Portrait; 139, 140. Callot, Bambocciade; 141. Baroccio, Por trait of himself; 143. Dürer , Portrait; 149. Weenix , Game; 151. Honde coeter , Poultry; 159. Snyders, Fox hunted by dogs; 249. Titian , Alphonso of Ferrara; 255. Fra Bartolommeo , Portrait of himself; 260. C.* Dolci,Artemisia; 261. Van der Neer , Conflagration at night; Ruysdael, 265. Land scape , 272. Portrait of himself; * 273. Dou, Players. 3rd Room (the firston the right of the entrance) . 188. Le Brun, Venus; 195, 196. Ruthard , Bear hunt , Stag - hunt; 198. Van Dyck , Portrait; 202. Rubens , Portrait; 206.Ryckaert, Musical party; 207. Ryckaert, Peasants in a tavern; 209. Lampi,Portrait of the founder of the gallery; $217, 218. Helst , Portraits; 221.Velazquez , Portrait of Philip IV. of Spain . In the centre a statue of Archduke Charles (see p. 188 ). - The private apartments, which containa number of other pictures , are accessible only during the absence of the family (usually in summer ).Farther on, Rathhaus-Str. 19, is the Criminal Court (Pl . 26) ,a large building with two towers, erected in 1830-34, and recently much enlarged by an addition fronting the Alser-Str. The court room for trials by jury is very handsome (adm . during the assizes).The Alser- Strasse separates the Josephstadt from Alsergrund,the IXth DISTRICT. Immediately to the right, near the Schotten Ring, and between the Alser- Str. and Währinger- Str., rises the * Votive Church (or Heilandskirche, Pl . 54), erected in 1856-79 to commemorate the Emperor's escape from assassination in 1853, afine structure in the best Gothic style , designed by Ferstel. Handsome façade, with two slender open towers (345 ft. high), and richly embellished with statues . The interior, which is elaborately decorated in excellent taste, is open to visitors 6-11 and 4-6. It possesses no fewer than seventy-eight fine stained-glass windows. A chapel near the 8. entrance contains the tomb of Field-Marshal Salm ( d. 1530 ),who defended Vienna against Soliman II . in 1529, brought hither from Raitz near Brünn by the Vienna Society of Antiquaries.Farther to the W. , in the Alser-Str. , is a large Barrack ( P1 . 23) ,and beyond it the vast and admirably -organised Public Hospital (Allgemeine Krankenhaus, Pl. 64; C, 2, 3), the largest in Europe,capable of accommodating 3000 patients . At the back are the new Anatomical Lecture Rooms. To the W. of the hospital , No. 14 Lazarethgasse, is the Lunatic Asylum (Pl . 42 ), built by Fellner in 1848-52, and much enlarged in 1878, another excellent establish ment, fitted up for 600 inmates , with extensive gardens .222 Route 34 .VIENNA . Liechtenstein Gallery.7To the E. , opposite the Votive Church , and near the Schotten Ring, is the temporary House ofDeputies (Abgeordnetenhaus; P1.38;C, 3), tickets for the sessions of which may be obtained at the office.Beyond it in the Währinger- Str . is the new Chemical Laboratory (Pl . 24 a ) , a handsome Renaissance building by Ferstel. On the left, Währinger- Str . 1 , is the former Imperial Small Arms Factory,now used partly for medical ( clinical) lectures, and containing the University fencing -room and the post -office of District IX . Farther on , the Palaces of Count Chotek (No. 28) and Prince Dietrichstein ( Pl . 73; No. 30), the latter with a large garden. The Josephinum (Pl . 43; C , 2), Währinger - Str. 15, a medical college originally founded in 1784 by Emp. Joseph II . for the edu cation of military physicians , and connected with the hospital of the garrison , possesses extensive collections ( excellent anatomical mo dels in wax; adm . , see p. 182). In the court a Hygeia as a fountain - figure .The * Liechtenstein Picture Gallery ( adm . see p. 182) at theold summer -residence of the prince (Pl . 82; C, 2) , No. 1 Fürstengasse , about 1/2 M. from the Schotten-Ring , contains about 1400 works of celebrated masters , exhibited in 20 rooms and is by farthe most extensive of the private collections at Vienna (catalogue 1 fl. ).The chief value of the gallery consists in its numerous important works by Rubens and Van Dyck. The six pictures illustrating the story of Decius bear witness to Rubens's sympathetic study of the antique,and , though certainly not entirely the work of his own brush, must yet be numbered among the best examples of the master in existence. The Daughters of Cecrops and the Portraits of his sons also deserve special attention . Van Dyck's portrait of Maria Louisa de Tassis of Antwerp isone of the finest female portraits of the 17th century. The early Nether landish works will also repay careful inspection .1. Room. Large mythological pictures by Franceschini. II. Room.To the left: 14. Cignani, Hercules and Omphale; 22, 23. Guido Reni, Two Magdalenes; 33. Leonardo da Vinci (?), Portrait of a lady; 34. Moretto, Holy Family; 35a. Gentile Bellini, Portrait of a man; * 40. Perugino, Madonna;43. Albani, Venus . – III . Room. (to the left of the 2nd) . (1. ) 47. L. Giordano,Telemachus; 48a. School of Vercelli, Madonna enthroned; 49. Sassoferrato,Madonna; 50. Cotignola ( formerly ascribed to Raphael), Madonna; 52. Guido Reni, Infant Jesus asleep on the Cross; 53. A.del Sarto, Head of John the Baptist; Ribera ( Spagnoletto ), 55. Diogenes, 57. Archimedes; 56. Maratta ,Bathsheba; 60. A. del Sarto, Holy Family'; *61. Caravaggio , Lute -player;62. Guido Reni, Carità; * 65. Correggio (?), Cupid asleep in the lap of Venus;64. School of Leonardo, Christ bearing the Cross; 67. Raphael (?), Portrait.Guido Reni, 68. John the Baptist; 75. Adoration of the shepherds; 76.Jupiter and Antiope. 77. Cimada Conegliano , Madonna and Child; 78.Domenichino, Sibyl; 81. After Giorgione, Portrait; 86. Guercino, Abraham's sacrifice . IV. Room. ( to the right of the 2nd) . *Rubens, Story of Decius,six large pictures with numerous figures. Bronzes, statuettes, busts, etc.,after antiques. - V. Room . To the left: 112. A. Moor ( Sir Anthony More) ,Portrait of a man. Van Dyck, 111. De Crayer , the painter; **115. MarieLouise de Tassis of Antwerp; *118. Wallenstein (?); 122, 123. Portraits of men; 124. Virgin Mary; 126. Entombment; 127 , 128. Portraits of a lady and gentleman; 135. Old woman; 137 , 138. Portraits of a gentleman and lady; 142. A divine; 143. Old man; 146. Old lady; 147. Archduke Albert of Austria; 148. Ryckaert the painter; 149. old man; 151. Young lady.Rubens, 117. Christ on the Cross; 129. Entombment. 139. Jordaens,Man at dinner; * 150. F. Hals , Portrait of a man; 152. F. Pourbus theLiechtenstein Gallery. VIENNA. 34. Route. 223Younger , Portrait of a woman. VI. Room. 161 , 163. F. Pourbus the Elder, 164, 166. Miereveld , Portraits; 168. Rubens, Assumption of the Virgin. Rembrandt, 172. Diana and Endymion; * 173, * 174 . Portraits of himself. 176. G. Dou, Portrait of himself; 177. Rubens, Portrait of a man;180. Jordaens, Drunken Silenus; 181. Bockhorst, The foolish Virgins 187. Koning, Old man. Rubens, * 191 . The daughters of Cecrops and the child Erichthonius; 193. Man with a beard; * 194. The artist's two sons;195. Tiberius and Agrippina; 196. St. Anna and the Virgin; 197. Jupiter;

• 204. Half- length portrait of his second wife Helena Fourment before a

mirror, nude. – VII. Room . To the right: 206. Rubens, Ajax and Cassandra;208. E.Quellinus, Solomon and the Queen of Sheba; 216. B. van der Helst,Portrait of a man; 216. N. Berchem, Death of Dido; 218. Coxcye , Christ bearing the Cross; 221. Sandrart, Archimedes; 225. Van Schuppen, Portrait of himself; 231. Rubens , Bacchanalian scene; 237. E. Quellinus, 238. F. Pourbus the Elder, 241. D. Barentsen , Portraits. – On the Upper Floor .I. Room: 252, 253, 283-286 . Canaletto, Views of Venice; 255. Guido Reni,Annunciation; 257. An. Carracci, Madonna; 272. Procaccini , Marriage of St. Catharine; 275. R. Ghirlandajo, Same subject; 277. Daniel da Volterra,Holy Family; 278. Pol. Caravaggio, Holy Family; 279. Baroccio , Repose in Egypt; 287. Fr. (or Jac.? ) Francia ,Madonna; 291. Spagnoletto, Allegorical representation of time. – II . Room. 301. Trevisani, Marriage of St. Joseph;304. Murillo (?), St. Michael; 306. Titian , Madonna; 307. N. Poussin , Flight into Egypt;312. Domenichino, Venus; 314. Jac. Bassano, Shepherds; 315.N. Poussin , Holy Family; 317. Paolo Veronese, Alexander and the family of Darius (sketch for the large picture in the London National Gallery);322. Bonifacio , Virgin enthroned; 323. Tempesta , Landscape; 329. Solimena,Madonna; 330. N. Poussin , Noah's sacrifice; 331 , 335. Fran. Bassano,Water and Air; 340. After Raphael, John the Baptist; 343. Palma Giovane,St. Jerome. III. Room. 363. Parmeggianino, Ho amily; 364. Cignani,Hercules and Omphale; 365. Pordenone, Ecce hom*o; 371. Spagnoletto,Crucifixion of St. Peter. An . Carracci, 384. Diana; 387. Madonna. 389 .Perino del Vaga , Madonna; 399. Garofalo, HolyFamily; 400. Jac. Bassano,Bearing of the Cross; 412. Innocenzo da Imola, Marriage of St. Catharine.IV . Room. Guercino, 421. Lot and his daughters; 423. St. John. 8. Ricci,420. Rape of the Sabine women; 422. Battle between the Romans and Sabines. 424. Pietro da Cortona , Baptism of Constantine the Great; 429.Schidone, John the Baptist in the wilderness. V. Room. 470. Perinodel Vaga , Holy Family; 477. In the manner of Van der Meer of Delft, Aparty at table; 486. Molenaer, Cottage- interior; 485. Metsu , Lovers; 491.Ryckaert, Nativity; 497. Raphael Mengs, Nativity; 501. N. Poussin , Land scape; 511. Rubens, Apollo ( sketch) . VI . ROOM. 524. F. van Mieris,Harp - player; 535. Dirk Hals, Conversation-piece; 553. J. van Es, Still-life;557-560 . Chardin, Genre-pieces; * 562, * 563. Terburg, Man and wife; 573.Cuyp , Landscape. VII. Room. 580, 610, 624. Paolo Veronese , Marriage St. Catharine; 588. Salvator Rosa Sea - coast; 591, 596, 598, 602, 620 ,622. Canaletto , Views of Venice; 597. Brescianino, Madonna with Jesus and John the Baptist; 605. Palma Vecchio, Holy Family; 625, 632. Sasso ferrato, Madonnas; *638. N. Poussin , Holy Family; 649. Venetian School,The Magdalene. VIII. Room. 661, 663. J. Vernet, Sea -pieces. Ph. Wou werman , 670. Attack byrobbers; 672. Landscape. 671. Berchem , Judgment of Paris; 683. Molenaer , ' Bean- King' (French ' le Roi boit' ); 705. Ange lica Kaufmann , Princess Esterhazy; 706. Tilborch , Peasants brawling;717. A. van de Velde , Ruin; 721. E. van der Neer, Lady in a silk dress;725. A. van der Neer, Moon- light scene; 720, 727. Teniers , Boors; 733.Brouwer , Dentist; 758. Slingelandt, Money -changer; 759. Hamilton , Imperial riding- school: *761 . Ruysdael, Landscape; 762. A. le Duc, Officers gaming;764. D. Hals , Backgammon - players; 766. Van Dyck , Crucifixion; 779.Craesbeke, 780. Teniers , Peasant-scenes; 781. Berchem, Landscape. —IX. Room. 810. Geeraerts , Children and Cupids (grisaille); *814. Ph. Wouwerman,Battle; 820. Palamedes, Guard-room; 821. 824. Huysum , Flowers. Teniers the Younger, 822 , 823. Rustic interiors; 831. Temptation of St. Anthony;

• 832. Stable; 835. Monkeys. 827. A. le Duc, ‘ Une affaire de cour'; 829,

837. Backhuysen, Sea- pieces; * 833. Ryckaert, A musical entertainment; 854,224 Route 34. VIENNA.Prater .859. P. Neefs the Elder 3 , Church - interiors; 860, 864. Schalcken , Man and woman; 862, 883. A. Ostade, Peasants dancing; 878, 880. Rachael Ruysch,Flowers; 888. Saftleven , River- scene; 890. Molenaer, Winter-scene; 891.Mignon , Fruit. -X. Room . * 932. Rembrandt, Calm sea; 949, 951. Moucheron ,Landscapes; 960. De Bloot, Christ at the home of Martha; 961. P. Grebber,A musical entertainment; 962. Rigaud, Prince William Liechtenstein; 984 .F. Bol, Virgin Mary; 988. C. Dusaert, Tavern; 1003, 1005. Ruysdael, Land scapes . XI . Room . 1024. Franconian School , Circumcision of Christ;1043. Holbein (?) , Man with a beard; 1045. Altdorfer, Coronation of the Virgin; 1047. School of Van Eyck, Virgin Mary; 1052. Brueghel, Landscape with Tobias; 1054. Lucas Cranach , St. Helena; 1055. Lucas van Leyden , A hermit in the desert; 1053, 1057. Zeitblom , Portraits; 1059. Holbein, Portrait of aman; 1061. Memling, Virgin Mary; 1062. M. Schaffner, Virgin Mary enthroned;1069. Cranach, Venus and Cupid; 1081. Antonello da Messina, Man and woman (miniature); 1082. Patinir , Crucifixion; 1087-89. Hugo van der Goes (?) ,Triptych; 1091. L. Cranach, Abraham's sacrifice; 1102-1104. Early Flemish School, Winged altar- piece, with the execution of St. Barbara; 1107, 1108.A. Moor, Man and wife; 1112, 1114. B. van Orley , Winged altar-piece, with the donor. XII. Room (to the right of the 11th ) . Animal and fruitpieces by Fyt, Hondecoeter, Van Es, Snyders, De Heem , Tamm , and Wee nix. XIII. Room. 1212. Fr. Floris, Nativity; 1213 , 1214. Rubens, Studiesfor portraits; 1216, 1217. Hugtenburg, Battle-pieces; 1220. De Vlieger, 1221,1222. Van Looten, ' 1223. Vries, Landscapes; 1225, 1229. Fyt, Foxand roe deer hunts; 1257. L. Backhuysen , Storm at sea; 1258. Karel Dujardin ,Mountain- scene; 1269. Hamilton , Fox. XIV. Room. 1286. Gonzales Coques,Family in their garden; 1296 , 1298. Snyders, Stag - hunt; 1297. Artois,Landscape; 1301. L. Backhuysen, 1303. De Vlieger, Sea-pieces. – XV. Room.1343. Hobbema , Landscape; 1361. Lampi , Canova; 1364. Amerling, Thor valdsen . XVI. Room . 1394. Ph . de Champaigne, Pietà; 1405. Palamedesz,Guard-room; 1407. J. van der Meer ( of Haarlem), Landscape.On the N. side of the beautiful park , which is generally closed,stands the new palace of the dowager princess, a handsome edifice by Ferstel in the style of the First French Empire. A little tothe N. is the Station of the Franz -Josefs- Bahn ( p. 178) , whence the Brigitta Bridge leads to the Brigittenau (p. 205) on the E.The suburb of Währing, which lies to the W. of Alsergrund, outside the Währinger Line, contains the tasteful villas and handsome casino of the Wiener Cottage - Verein , charmingly situated at the S.E. base of the Türkenschanze. On the top of the Türkenschanze is the new Observatory.To the E., in the Gürtel-Str ., is the Jewish Hospital, founded by the late Baron Anselm von Rothschild, and admirably fitted up.-7The * Prater, a park and forest on the E. side of the city, ad joining the Leopoldstadt, 4270 acres in extent, became the property of the imperial family in 1570, and was used as a hunting - ground till 1766, when Emp. Joseph II . opened it as a public park . From the Prater-Stern (Pl. F, 2), a circular space at the end of the busy Prater Strasse ( formerly the Jägerzeile , p . 205), radiate two spacious ave nues , the Haupt - Allee, and the Feuerwerk- or Ausstellungs-Allee,which divide the Prater into three fan - shaped sections. The Haupt ALLEB, or principal avenue, to the right, with a quadruple row of fine chestnut-trees , is a favourite resort of the fashionable world in May , when many fine horses , elegant toilettes , and handsome faces will be observed. The usual drive is as far as the (11/2 M.)Rondeau, or to the Lusthaus (Restaurant), 19/2 M. farther. There are three Cafés (military bands daily in summer) in the park; opPrater. VIENNA . 34. Route . 22529posite the third is the Constantinshügel ( Sacher's Restaurant), an artificial mound, with miniature waterfalls and lake . Nearer the en trance (Haupt-Allee No. 1 ) is the Aquarium (adm . , see p. 181 ) .The part of the Prater between the two main avenues and beyond the Feuerwerk -Allee, known as the VOLKS- or WURSTEL PRATER , is the favourite haunt of the lower classes , especially on Sunday and holiday - afternoons, and abounds in attractions adapted to their taste ( 'Wurstel' = buffoon ). Volkstheater, see p . 179. Fire works are exhibited here occasionally in summer, e.g. on St. Anna's Day, 26th July .In the course of the Danube Improvement Works, which have been going on for some years, a broad new channel has been cut forthe river on the N.E. side of the Prater; handsome quays have also been formed , and new suburbs are rapidly springing up. At the end of the Schwimmschul- Allee ( tramway), which leads from the Prater-Stern to the Danube , tothe left, is the magnificent new * Städtische Badeanstalt (p . 180), which includes alarge swim ming -bath , 250 ft. long by 145 ft. broad (9-1 o'clock reserved for ladies), four smaller basins for non - swimmers, and an ample sup ply of private baths, accommodating in all 1200 persons . There is a café -restaurant in connection with the establishment , and theterrace affords an admirable *View of the new channel of the Danube as far as the Kahlenberg . The * Kronprinz- Rudolf - Brücke,built by Fischer in 1872-76 at an outlay of about 140,0001. , here crosses the Danube. Below it , on the right bank, are several very extensive warehouses and magazines, connected by rails with the N. station and the junction -line. About 1/2 M. farther down, also on the right bank , are the Military Swimming Baths (p . 180).The International Exhibition held at Vienna in 1873 was situated in the Prater, where the large Rotunda , the Art Hall, and the ‘ Pavillon des Amateurs' have been left standing , and are now used for annual exhibitions , large concerts , and similar purposes.The roof of the rotunda (adm . 20 kr. ) commands a very extensive prospect. In the neighbourhood are the new Trotting Course and the dairy of the Krieau ( * Restaurant). At the end of the Prateris the Freudenau , with the Race Course (grand stand 2 fl. ).The older Cemeteries of Vienna, with the exception of the Protestant,which contains a pretty church by Hansen, are unattractive, and contain few good monuments. In the ‘Orts - Friedhof' at WÄHRING, 11/2 M. to the N.W. of Vienna (comp. Pl . B, 2), Franck, the celebrated physician ( d. 1822),the composers Beethoven ( d . 1827) and Schubert (d. 1828), and the poet Grillparzer (d. 1872) , are interred. The omnibus from the Stephans - Platz to Währing passes near this cemetery. The cemetery of St. MARX, 3/4 M. to the E. ofthe S. Railway Station , contains a monument to Mozart ( d. 1791 ),erected on the supposed spot of his interment. In the cemetery of Matz LEINSDORF, 3/4 M.to the S.W. of the S. Station , is the grave of the com poser Gluck (d. 1787 ). The poet Lenau (d. 1850) is buried in the cemetery of Weidling (p. 232). None of these cemeteries are now used, all inter ments taking place in the extensive new CENTRAL CEMETERY at Kaiser-Ebers dorf, which contains numerous handsome monuments (tramway, see p. 178) .BAEDEKER'S S. Germany. 5th Edit. 15>22635. Environs of Vienna.The LEFT Bank of the Danube below Vienna is uninteresting, ex cepting historically as the scene of the battles of Aspern and Wagram in 1809, which were fought on the Marchfeld (p. 302 ), a flat agricultural tract bounded on the E. by the March. The environs on the RIGHT BANK,however, are attractive , such as Schönbrunn , Laxenburg, the Brühl, Baden ,etc., which are easily reached by omnibus or railway. The paths to the various points of interest are almost always indicated by coloured marks and signs, a printed list of which , with their significance , may be obtained at the railway-stations.SCHÖNBRUNN . HIETZING . PENZING.

• Schönbrunn (an excursion of 3-4 hrs .; tramway and omnibus,

see p . 178; the former passes close by the Schönbrunn - bridge ), an Imperial château on the Wien , 11/2 M. to the S.W. of the Mariahilf Line , was begun as a hunting-lodge for the Emp. Matthias, and completed under Maria Theresa in 1775. Napoleon I. established his head -quarters here in 1804 and 1809, and his son the Duke of Reichstadt afterwards expired ( 22nd July , 1832 ) in the room once occupied by his father .The extensive garden , in the French style of the 18th cent . , is open to the public . On the parterre, with its well- kept flower - beds,are 32 marble statues by Beyer; farther on , a large basin with two fountains, and Neptune with sea-horses and Tritons in the centre .On an eminence (777 ft.) is the Gloriette, a colonnade commanding a fine view of Vienna (ascent to the right in the arcade, or by the lift in the corner - pavilion to the left; fee 30 kr . ). To the left of the principal avenue are the Roman ruin , the Obelisk , and the 'Schöne Brunnen '( beautiful fountain; the Nymph Egeria by Beyer),whence the château derives its name. The Menagerie, in the corner to the right, contains a good collection of animals . The adjacent Botanic Garden is well stocked with palms and exotic plants (large hot-houses). Statues, vases , and other objects in the taste of the period are scattered about the grounds. Immediately to the W. of the gardens of Schönbrunn (exit by the conservatories , just behind the menagerie) is situated the beau tiful village of Hietzing (tramway , see p. 178 ) , consisting almost exclusively of villas and restaurants ( Dommayer's Casino, the Engel,and Schwender's Neue Welt are much frequented , see p . 179) . In the principal Platz a bronze Statue of Emp. Maximilian of Mexico (Archduke Ferdinand Max , d . 1867) was erected in 1871. Asuspension-bridge connects Hietzing with the village of Penzing,situated on the opposite bank of the Wien ( tramway- station by the bridge; see p . 178) . The upper church contains the * Monumentof a Frau v . Rottmann by the Florentine sculptor Finelli.27BRÜHL, LAXBNBURG, BADEN.S. RAILWAY to (10 M.) Mödling in 40 min. ( fares 74 , 56 , 37 kr.; return ,1 fl. 40, 1 fl. 10, 70 kr.); to Laxenburg in 1 hr. (return, 1 fl. 80 , 1 fl. 30,1Heubers Unter BirambergObersbisdorf Wor?Stat Aigen0bKritzendaris Uut Patender Scauer)(Langenlebar Asse . VranHagenbromettsbg . Bisambog FreybergTESyAndhra EmpfingWolfpassin Nützing Guggmes Heng Wagd ichernof Bizersdorf Rurlio!Start Frauenhofen RIVIT Köngstetten Hinterstart VRDOSTERNEUBURG , klosterneuburgerTulbing Hoheca Strebersdorlong hüzde Chørheten Lamichbakh10 Katzels Gr.JedlersdorfKahu Leopo asbg . Artifersdorf ) berudordis KahlenbadetJedlersee 2 VollernFloridsdontSauer Jedlers doréLeiligenstadyLobe ent Scheibung ObPoachRussberg Selutselberg Homeco SalinnGrcoberg Alpes in Neustift Steinbach ExelbgSeatOb curs asosor Potlemisdi .bacht Hochrecken NeuwaldeggHeuberg Dornbadly Kolheur .falhainbTaborKlosterberg tror frers DominTPS OberU MSchaars BrigittenaubersMemlaasliWelliusNA StageBaderFoppberg beteg andTheoldderes inden satzbg mas Hadersdorf eidlaganLotund Neuterchenfelds Pearsonporenensee Auf der Schonete IN bergelarter tangEmdetto Penzing IL1809cu Hietzing DiezVansel Tenshinum Artiller thin NamaCell WLTILO72

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Wiener WietzendorfCAUTA AltmannsdorfBerg Ziegelen ZiebetorenSteenBet KentotumdskerLongSuksestendurtaMasterErlad fos A Aeustift Atzgersdorf StrassenhäuserNeurlanina unter Radureusiede SW LiesingOber Sieben urtenTadsm ,demym Ist . YosendorfDIOS Aulodu Vahan AskogHaldGravuriketbe Kalte Wandberg Johannes BergPRONTOLERE LeopoldsdarKeitelsby in Stand SchlossCanal SulzeSilberg Gissa Hensteins Nearia anz wyersdorf ichka LOKOdohitectoNA KonsW Rudskog Euchbg Biedermans Stenstean ODLING[Papierfalk dorf RiedenkoSSS bergarten ndorf isketball Achau Dornbas NeudorfKöarigaGr.BuLAXENBURG FranzensburgHeitig Boothed Eichskog Marettore vette , Unter Mittet Gaatin terjockage Berg kuninger SIGUXTRAMSDORFPremsfeting Siegenféle Guap SKIRENE JágerhaineheceuZINA Thierberg RaasenmarktStatenPfaftstellerrollersdorfMünchendorfVIENNAAND ITS ENVIRON. VAC byRoto theilsstadtReuterna PRATSKIRCHEN 180.000 1:SetelbareLISLichteichevon .Anstalt graph BADEN Debes Wagua &,LeipzigthteMÖDLING. 35. Route: 227790 kr. ); to Baden in 1 hr. ( fares 1 fl. 29, 97, 65 kr.; return , 2 fl. 20, 1 A. 70, 1 fl. 10 kr. ) . Extra-trains on Sundays and holidays. The railway passes through very pleasing scenery (best views on the right ). The train runs at a considerable height, affording an ex tensive view to the E. as far as the Leitha Mts . , and to the W. over the city, numerous villas, and populous villages at the base of a beau tiful range of hills . The train skirts the cemetery of Matzleinsdorf ( p. 225 ). Farther on , on the summit of the Wiener Berg to the left , rises a Gothic column, erected in 1542, termed Spinuskreuz from the statues of SS. Crispinus and Crispinianus, now corrupted to Spinnerin am Kreuz. The suburbs of the city extend as far as stat. Meidling. To the right, beyond the avenue from Schönbrunn to Laxenburg, is the Gloriette ( p. 226 ). 3 M. Hetzendorf, with an imperial château. About 1/2 M. to the W. , on the Rosenhügel near Speising (800 ft.) , is the principal reservoir of the Vienna Water Company. 5 M. Atzgersdorf, near which is Mauer, with the extensive barracks and shooting- ranges of the Austrian rifle bri gade ( Feldjäger); 6 M. Liesing ( * Waldbauer), with a large brewery and restaurant ( fine view from the pavilion in the garden ). 7 M. Perchtholdsdorf (*Schwarzer Adler, good wine) , with an old church destroyed by the Turks in 1683 and lately restored.From Perchtholdsdorf a diligence plies twice daily in 1 hr. to (51/2 M.)Kaltenleutgeben , a village with numerous villas and two hydropathic establishments , charmingly situated in the valley of the Dürre Liesing.A pleasant excursion may be made thence to the ( 11/4 hr. ) Höllenstein (2120 ft. ), on the top of which is a tower commanding a beautiful view.9 M. Brunn , a prosperous place , with foundries. On the hillsto the right are several castles , above them the Husarentempel.The poet Zacharias Werner (d. 1823) is interred in the cemetery of Maria - Enzersdorf, the neighbouring village.10 M. Mödling ( Hôtel zum Cursalon; Hôt. Mödling; Hirsch;

• Goldnes Lamm, good wine), is an old market - town with 7500 in habitants . At the W. end of the town (which is nearly 1 M. long),

at the entrance to the Brühl, is the new Park, containing a ' Cursalon'and an open-air theatre. To the right, on a rock, rises the early Gothic Church of St. Othmar, with a crypt, and a Byzantine baptistery adjacent. Branch -line to Laxenburg, see p . 228 .The * Brühl (omnibus from stat. Mödling to the Raben Inn ,20 kr . ) , a ravine in the limestone- rock, abounding in natural beau ties, is the property of Prince Liechtenstein , whose father caused it to be adorned with pleasure -grounds and artificial ruins . At the entrance to the valley is the aqueduct of the new works by which Vienna is supplied with water from the foot of the Schneeberg.The dusty road follows the left bank of the brook as far as ( 2 M.)Vorderbrühl. The new path on the right bank of the brook (which is crossed before the aqueduct is reached) is far preferable. It passes an inscription on the rock to the left in honour of Prince JohnLiechtenstein . As far as Vorderbrühl the valley is called the Klause, at the end of which on the hill to the left rises the ruin>15 *228 Route 35 . LAXENBURG.Environsof Mödling . The pleasant dale of the Vorderbrühl now opens (*Zwei Raben , much frequented; farther on , beyond the large meadow,is the farm of the prince, with a café ).Another very attractive path leads to the Vorderbrühl over the top of the hills bounding the Brühl on the N. From the back of the churchtheSchwarze Thurm on the Kalenderberg is reached in 10 min.; the path beyond it is well- constructed and protected by railings , and finally descends into the Brühl by a flight of steps cut in the rock . Or the traveller mayfollow a path to the right upon the hill, passing some artificial ruins , to (1/4 hr.)the extensive ruins of the castle of Liechtenstein , which was destroyed by the Turks. Adjoining it is a modern Chateau with a garden in the English style, from which a road descends to (3/4 M. ) Vorderbrüh ]. - From stat.Brunn to Vorderbrühl by the castle of Liechtenstein is a walk of 1 hr.One of the highest hills in the neighbourhood is crowned by the HUSARBNTBMPEL, erected by Prince John Liechtenstein in 1813 .Seven Austrians who fell at Aspern and Wagram are interred in the vault below . Extensive view to the N. as far as Schönbrunnand Vienna, and to the S. to the Schneeberg. The road leading to it is bad at first, but afterwards improves. The footpath (3/4 hr . ) is preferable. We follow the high - road , passing the Raben and Stern inns, and then ascend by the second lane to the left (‘Husaren tempelgasse') beyond the latter inn .The valley beyond Vorderbrühl is less interesting. The road leads by Hinterbrühl (* Restaurant Höldrichsmühle) and Gaden to the ancient abbey of (71/2 M.) Heiligenkreuz and its Romanesque church with fine cloisters and the tombs of Frederick der Streitbare ' and other members of the Babenberg family; then through the Sattelbachthal and the beautiful Helenenthal to Baden. A shorter path leads from Gaden by Siegenfeld tothe Helenenthal, the latter part of the way very rugged . Another direct path from Gaden to Baden descends in 11/2 hr. If time be limited , the traveller is recommended to return from the Husaren -Tempel to Mödling,and proceed thence by railway to Baden , from which the Helenenthal is more conveniently visited .The ascent ofthe Hochanninger ( 2215 ft . ) , accomplished from Mödling in 2-21/ 2 hrs., is interesting . The path crosses the 'Goldne Stiege', passes the 'Breite Föhre' and the ‘Krauste Linde' , and leads to the Wilhelmswarte on the highest point of the Anninger plateau (magnificent view ). The view from the Eschenkogel (2130 ft.), the second summit of the Anuinger,is more extensive towards the N. and W. At the Buchbrunnen , a little below the two summits, is the Anningerhaus, which is open as a restaurant in summer. The Anninger may also be ascended from Gumpoldskirchen,Baden, Hinterbrühl, and Gaden (shortest and easiest). The paths are all provided with finger-posts.Branch - line from Mödling to (7 min . ) Laxenburg ( * Stern;

• Hartmann's Restaurant at the station) , an imperial château and park , on the Schwechat and the Vienna and Neustadt Canal . It consists of a building erected in 1377 , and another in 1600 , con

taining little to interest the traveller . The flower- gardens are closed,but the * Park is open to the public. The principal points are gener ally visited in the following order (guide, useful to hurried visi tors, 1 fl.).Monument of Francis II . , a colossal bust in marble by Marchesi; Lust haus im Eichenhain (“ summer-house in the oak- grove' ), a saloon with eight views of the park; Rittergruft ( vault of the knights) , a Gothic chapel;Meierei (farm ); Rittersäule (knight's column). In thevicinity of the latter is the FRANZENSBURG , erected in 1801 , on an island in the lake ( ferryofPark and Château LAXENBURGIran ensureumschule,1.Altes Schloss2.Neues Schloſs Blaues (Haus ) 3.SchlolspfarrkircheTheater 4.5.Vhlfeld .I6.Esterharz 1. Schwarzenberg 7.I. 8.Post rappenka S. Rittersille opluenthalDoubr hitonganftesWord Listhaus hain Papillion ,inGoldfisch feit BiimVristingCray Temp.d. EintraCommen an Forsthaus.BrörpenRI5. N.dehauChaiseevonir9 021 - Hans Pigteback wat1235 Carl;E.L.Fran BU NaurtenV ਲ * *StallurgenBudenn.Gundramsdort Bahnhof

of Vienna. BADEN, 35. Route . 22910 kr.) , a château containing a valuable collection of mediæval curiosities.The Hapsburg Saloon contains 7 statues of sovereigns, from Rudolph I. to Charles vi. and Maria Theresa; in the Reception Room 6 portraits of Bohemian kings, ceiling in wood -work of 1580; in the next room Wallen stein's cabinet; in the Dining Room a fine inlaid table, old glass, etc.; in the Drawing Room two large pictures by Höchle , marriage of Francis II.to his third wife ( 1808 ), and the banquet on that occasion; in the Bed Room , copy of a picture by Dürer; in the Throne Room , coronation of Francis II. and banquet in the Römer at Frankfurt; in the Chapel the monstrance raised by the priest when the Emp. Max was in a perilous position on the Martinswand; in the Dungeon an automaton which shakes its chains; from the Tower a magnificent view of the Alps of Styria and the Schneeberg to the S. , and of the Leitha Mts . to the S.E.; in the Coronation Saloon the * Coronation of Emp. Ferdinand(1830 ) , painted by Höchle, Coronation of the Empress Carolina ( 1825 ), by Bucher; in the Hall the interview of Leopold with Sobieski, the Emp. Max on the Martins wand , and three other pictures by Höchle and Bucher; in the * Lothringer saal (Lorraine Room) 20 portraits of princes of this family , the finest those of Archd. Charles and Archd. John ( fee 35-50 kr. ). The visitornow recrosses the bridge at the back of the Franzensburg , turns to the right , and follows the bank of the lake past the Turnier-Platz (or 'tourna ment- ground' ) to the Grotto; then crosses the Gothic bridge and ascends to the gold - fish pond; small waterfall; temple of Diana; finally back by the Prater to the railway- station. (Small café near the waterfall.) — Those whose time permits may also visit the Mariannen - Insel ( by boat), beyond the Franzensburg , an island with a pavilion containing a fine Roman mosaic pavement.A walk through the park by the above route , allowing 1/2 hr . for a visit to the Franzensburg, may be accomplished in 2 hrs . A delay sometimes occurs at the Franzensburg, as a limited number of per sons only are admitted at one time. Pleasant excursions by boat may be taken among the numerous arms of the lake (through the grotto to the Mariannen-Insel and back 1-11/2 fl.) .The excursions to the Brühl , Schönbrunn , and Laxenburg may be combined thus. By first morning train to Mödling , visit the Husaren Tempel; then by train to Laxenburg , stay of 2-3 hrs.; back by train to stat. Hetzendorf( p . 227), on foot to Schönbrunn ( 1/4 hr.), through the gar den to the Gloriette ( 1/2 hr. ) , Menagerie (1/2 hr. ); tramway (p. 178 ) back to Vienna in 1/2 hr.The railway from Mödling to Baden passes stations Guntrams dorf and Gumpoldskirchen, the latter famous for its wine .16 M. Baden (695 ft.; Goldener Löwe; *Stadt Wien; * Grüner Baum; * Schwarzer Adler; Passegger's Restaurant; Café Michel ,Schopf, etc.), a town with 10,000 inhab . , is celebrated for its warm baths ( 720-970 Fahr. ), which were known to the Romans ( Thermae Pannonicae ). Sulphate of lime is the principal ingredient of the waters . The chief spring ( Römerquelle, or Ursprung) rises copiously in a cavern at the base of the Calvarienberg , in the dolomite limestone, through which it is reached by a passage , 40 yds. long ( fee 25 kr. ) . The entrance is in the left corner of the shady Stadt park, which contains the Cursaal, a Trinkhalle, and the Arena, an open - air theatre. In the park is also a bronze bust of the poet Franz Grillparzer (d . 1872), erected in 1874. Most of the baths are fitted up for bathing in common , costumes being provided for the purpose. The Herzogsbad is capable of containing 150 persons; the230 Route 35. HELENENTHAL.EnvironsAntonsbad was very handsomely restored in 1878. In the Berg Strasse, near the park ,is a large * Swimming Bath with water from a thermal spring (75° Fahr.; adm. 30 kr. ) . A path hence ascends the barren Calvarienberg (1070 ft.) in 1/4 hr. The Moritzruh, a pavilion at the top , was built by the poet Moritz Saphir (d. 1858 ) . Extensive * View of the populous plain ,in the background S.E. the Leitha Mts. , in the foreground Baden,right the Weilburg, above it the ruin of Rauheneck . Then a descent of 1/4 hr. by pleasantwalks to the Stadtpark.The *Helenenthal is the favourite promenade in the environs.The entrance to the valley is crossed by the aqueduct of the Vienna waterworks (p . 227). The road (tramway from the S. Station to the Rauhenstein Brewery , 15 kr . ) ascends on the left bank of the Schwechat; on the right bank there is a road as far as Weilburg only,where it descends to the left bank. On the right bank at the entrance to the valley stands the Weilburg , the château of Archduke Albert with a handsome Gothic chapel. The hill above is crowned with the ruin of Rauheneck . Above the Weilburg are pleasant grounds ex tending up the valley to the Urtheilsbrücke and beyond it (* Restau rant on the side next Baden) . On the precipitous rocks on the op posite bank is perched the considerable ruin of Rauhenstein ( worthy a visit , good path to it through the Alexandrowicz grounds,ascent from the Bergstrasse in Baden , 1/2 hr . ) . Then, on the right bank , the ruin of Scharfeneck , a little way back from the valley.The Urthelstein (3 M. from Baden) , a rock which formerly termi nated the valley , is now penetrated by a tunnel . Paths on both sides ascend to the top , which affords a survey of the picturesque wooded valley. Farther distant (41/2 M. from the tramway-terminus)are the Krainerhütten ( * Inn ). Fiacre from the station to this point in 1 hr . (whole excursion 3-4 fl. ).The * Eiserne Thor (2825 ft .), the highest hill in the neighbourhood,may be ascended hence in 11/2 br.; beautiful view from the tower erected by Baron Sina. A footpath descends in 3/4 hr. to Merkenstein ( p. 250)The abbey of Heiligenkreuz (p. 228 ) lies 3 M. farther up the Sattelbachthal.KAHLENBERG and LEOPOLDSBBRG.Very pleasant excursion. RAILWAY (Franz- Josephsbahn ) in 10 min.or STEAMBOAT (starting from the Karlssteg at 2, 3, 4, 4.30, and 5p.m.) in 40 min. to NUSSDORF (railway - fares 37, 28, 19 kr., return 60, 50 , 30 kr.; steamboat 20 , return 35kr. ) . From Nussdorf to the top of the Kahlenberg by the Zahnradbahn (" Toothed -wheel Railway ') in 32 min. (fare 60, return 80 kr.; Sundays and holidays 40 and 60 kr. ) . Trains start daily at 3 and 6p.m., and at other times when there are at least ten persons waiting to ascend.Railway to stat . Nussdorf, see p. 294. The station of the Zahn radbahn lies a few hundred yards to the left (Berger's Restaurant,in the vicinity, shady garden and good wine). The “ Zahnradbahn ',which is 31/4 M. long, is constructed, like that on the Rigi, on the ‘rack -and -pinion' system , with a cog-wheel working into a toothed rail , and ascends at a gentle gradient ( 1: 20 to 1:10), reaching theof Vienna . LEOPOLDSBERG. 35. Route, 231>top in 32 minutes. Station Grinzing, above the charmingly -situated viſlage of that name, with its numerous villas, among which that of Herr Ferstel, in the Gothic style, is the most striking; 2M. Krapfen waldl ( restaurant), a favourite resort of theViennese. The line now curves round the Wildgrube, and reaches (31/4 M.) the terminus on the Kahlenberg (1404 ft.). Adjacent are the château of Josephsdorf and the large Hôtel Kahlenberg, in an open situation on the plateau, affording an extensive *View of Vienna and the Marchfeld (p . 302), the spurs of the Carpathians on the frontier of Moravia and Hungary, and the Styrian Alps to the S. (military music on Wednesdays).

The best route for pedestrians to the Kahlenberg is also from Nuss dorf (1 hr.'s easy walking) . The Zahnradbahn (see above) is crossed above the station , and the course of the Schreiberbach ascended by a shady path called the Beethoven -Gang, with a bronze bust of the great composer,who made this a frequent resort. We then follow the road (not to be mistaken ) , passing the Inn Zur Eisernen Hand (* View) , to the hotel .A picturesque walk , recommended to active pedestrians, may be taken from Kahlenberg to the S.W. , viâ the Kobenzī (with château and park of Baron Sothen ), the Hermannskogel, and the Holländer.Dörfel (see below )to the (31/2-4 hrs.) Sophienalpe (route indicated by red marks) . From the Kahlenberg to Weidling , see p. 232.A pleasant forest- path , passing the terminus of the disusedwire - rope railway, leads from the hotel to the * Leopoldsberg,the last eminence of the Wienerwald , 1/2 hr. from the Kahlen berg, rising 886 ft. immediately above the Danube ( 1378 ft. above the sea-level). In the church here , built on the site of an old castle , John Sobieski , Charles of Lorraine , and other generals ofthe allied army , offered prayers for success in their approaching conflict with the Turks (3rd Sept. , 1683) . Near the church isan inn . The ** View is much more extensive than from the Kahlenberg, embracing the whole of the hilly region from the heights at Meissau on the N.W. to the Pohlaugebirge on the N.; to the E. ,the Wetterling, Plassenstein , and the Lesser Carpathians with the Ballenstein and the Thebenerkogel; to the S.E., the Leithagebirge;to the 8. , the Styrian Alps and the Wienerwald; also the Danube for many miles, with its beautiful wooded islands;and lastly, the central-point of the extensive landscape (900 sq . M.), the imperial city of Vienna, with the new channel of the Danube and its five bridges. From the Leopoldsberg a path constructed by the Austrian Tourist Club descends in easy zigzags to Kahlenbergerdorf (railway and steamboat -station , p. 294), at the N.E. base of the hill , in 1/2 hr. ( ascent 1 hr. ) .A good survey of Vienna is obtained by ascending the hill to the left of Grinzing (see above) as far as the (20 min. ) beautifully -situated " Bellevue Inn; and in 10 min. more (way indicated by a notice) to the still higher

• Himmel Inn ( finest view from the steps of the Elisabethcapelle ). Thence a rapid descent through a shady valley to (1/4 hr. ) Sievering, whence om nibuses run every hour to Vienna (p. 178 ).

>232 Route 35 . DORNBACH .KLOSTERNBUBURG , DORNBACH, NBU-WALDBGG.At Klosterneuburg (Schiff; Herzogshut), 51/2 M. to the N.W. of Vienna (a station of the Franz - Joseph Railway, p. 294) , a small town on the right bank of the Danube, 3 M. above Nussdorf (p . 230), is situated the oldest and wealthiest Augustinian Monastery in Austria,to which upwards of two - thirds of the immediate environs of Vienna belong . The palatial abbey-buildings were erected in 1750.The valuable Treasury ( apply to the treasurer, best at 10.30 a.m.; 1 11. to the attendant) and the "Kaiserzimmer with their handsome tapestry (5 kr. to the attendant) are well worthy of a visit . The Leopoldscapelle contain the celebrated Al of Verdun , consisting of 51 plates of metalwith rude representations of biblical subjects ( “ niello' work ), dating from 1181, and perhaps the first attempts in the art of engraving, ofwhich Maso Finiguerra (1450 ) is usually considered to have been theinventor. Thewindows of the old chapter-room are filled with stained glass, dating from the end of the 13th century. The abbey also possesses the ancient arch ducal hat , which was formerly used at the ceremony of vowing fealty and homage.The column in the Kirchenplatz was erected in 1381 on the cessation of the plague . Large Pioneer Barracks. Good wines at the * Stiftskeller, Albrechtsbergergasse 3 , and fine view from the terrace .The monster - cask , in a small house adjacent to the church on the left, is noteworthy. The admirably -arranged Lunatic Asylum ( abranch of the State Asylum ) and the Enological and Pomological Institute deserve the attention of specialists.In the Weidlinger- Thal , about 2 M. to the S.W. of Klosterneuburg ,lies the pleasant village of Weidling ( Strauss; Zum Tiroler) . Farther up the valley are Unter- Weidlingbach and (41/2 M.) Ober- Weidlingbach ( * Wall ner's Restaurant) . The Kahlenberg or the Hermannskogel (see below) may be ascended from Weidling in 3/4 hr. From t'nter-Weidlingbach to the Hermannskogel 3/4 br., to the Holländer. Dörfel ( see below) 3/4 hr.; from Ober-Weidling bach viâ Toift to the Sophienalpe 3/4 hr. , see below . Nu merous finger-posts and way -marks.From ( 1/2 hr.) Kierling (whey -cure; pension 30 fl. per week), situated in the valley of that name, 3 M. to the W. of Klosterneuburg , pleasant wood- paths lead by the Gsängerhütte, the Eichenhain inn , the Kanzelhütte, and the Windischhütte to (2 hrs.) Weidlingbach ( see above) .Dornbach and Neu -Waldegg , two adjoining villages to the W.of Vienna (tramway and omnibus, see p . 178), are also frequently visited . The principal attraction here is the Park of Prince Schwarzenberg , through which a road (one-horse carr . 11/2-2 fl.) ascends from the halting - place of the tramway to the (3 M.) Hameau, or Holländer Dörfel (1515 ft .; * Inn ), a fine point of view: E. , a part of Vienna , the Marchfeld , and the spurs of the Carpathians, theDanube down to Hainburg (p . 312) with its white château; S. , amountain -landscape, the Schneeberg conspicuous in the background.From the Holländer Dörfel a pleasant path leads in 3/4 hr. to the * Sophien -Alpe (1595 ft.; Inn) , another fine point of view . Wemay then descend through the Hartelthal or past the ‘Knödelhütte Inn ( wire - rope railway now disused) to ( 11/4 hr.) Hütteldorf ( p. 233).The return - route from the Sophienalpe by Hinter- Haimbach (p . 233)is picturesque, and the longer route by the charming village of Steinbach is recommended to good walkers. The descent may also be made to Ober- Weidlingbach (see above )..HADERSDORF. 36. Route. 233A steep path leads to the N. from the Holländer Dörfel to Unter Weidlingbach (see above) . A wider prospect , more extensive towards the E. than that from the Leopoldsberg , may be enjoyed from the HER MANNSKOGEL (1778 ft. ), a lofty wooded hill with a belvedere, ascended from the Holländer Dörfel, Weidling, Weidlingbach , or Sievering in 3/4-1 hr.(with guide). At the Jägerwiese (refreshments), halfway up, is the Virgin Fountain (Jungfern - Brindl ) , which is much' frequented on Fridays by intending purchasers of lottery- tickets , who hope to decipher the winning numbers in the figures made by the water as it falls into the basin!A tolerable path , easily found, leads from the Hermannskogel to the Kah lenberg viâ the Kobenzl (comp . p. 231). The Galizinberg ( 1273 ft . ), to the S.W. of Dornbach , with the park and château of Prince Galizin, is another excellent point of view. It is reached from Ottakring, which is connected with Vienna by tramway, by a pleasant path about 11/2 M. in length ( Matuschka's restaurant).36. From Vienna to Linz.117 M. WESTERN Railway in 41/2-71/2 hrs. ( express fares 9 fl. 60, 711.70 kr.; ordinary , 7 fl. 70, 5 fl. 80 , 3 fl . 90 kr.). Travellers in the reversedirection ( Linz to Vienna) will find the steamboat preferable (8-9 hrs. );comp . p . 238 .W. Station (Restaurant) , outside the Mariahilf Line , see p . 178.Soon after starting, Schönbrunn ( p . 226) appears on the left. 2 M. Penzing , see p . 226. On the hill to the left rises the archiepiscopal château of Ober St. Veit; right, the Kahlenberg with achâteau. 31/2 M. Hütteldorf (Restaurant Cordon, 11/2 M. from the railway , reached by a pretty wood-path) , with numerous villas;to the left the walls of an extensive deer-park enclosed by Charles VI .and Joseph II . (A road leads hence to the N, through the Halter thal to the Sophien - Alpe; p . 232) . On the left, Mariabrunn with its pilgrimage - church; the monastery , erected by Ferdinand III .in 1636, is now a school for foresters . Near (51/2 M.) Weidlingau is a château of Prince Dietrichstein .In the vicinity , to the N.E., is Hadersdorf, once presented by Maria Theresa to Marshal Laudon (d . 1790 ) , who is interred in the park.Farther on in the picturesque Mauerbach - Thal lies ( 3 M.) Vorder -Haim bach ( * Café-Restaurant Lohner ), whence a road to the right leads through a narrow wooded valley to (1 M.) Hinter - Haimbach (ascent to the Sophien Alpe, 3/4 hr. , see p. 232). About 1/2 M. above Vorder -Haimbach is another lateral valley containing the pretty little village of Steinbach ( p . 232) In the main valley , about 11/2 M. farther on , is the old Carthusian monas tery of Mauerbach, founded by Frederick ' the Handsome' (d . 1322), the rival of Lewis the Bavarian ( p. 162 ). A good path leads hence in 11/4 hr. to the Tul binger Kogel ( 1614 ft. ) , a fine point of view, frequently visited from Vienna. 71/2 M. Purkersdorf, with numerous villas.To the N.W. rises the (2 hrs.) Troppberg ( 1770 ft .) , a good point of view. A shady path leads to the N. over the Eichberg (1375 ft.) to ( 1 hr. ) Vorder-Haimbach (see above) . From the Rudolfshöhe ( 1550 ft.),1 hr. to the S. , which also commands a beautiful view, we may return by the Schöffelwarte (1415 ft. ) to ( 11/2 hr. ) Purkersdorf.The line now quits the old high- road , turns to the left, and pro ceeds through the Wolfsgraben and the Pfalzau towards the heights of the Wiener Wald , or Forest of Vienna. To the S.W. of ( 121/2 M. )Presbaum are the sources of the Wien . The scenery is wild and picturesque as far as ( 151/2 M.) Rekawinkel (* Ertl's Restaurant),234 Route 36. ST. PÖLTEN. From Viennawith numerous villas , on the watershed ( 1157 ft. ). Farther on,two long tunnels are passed through and the Aichgraben is traversed by means of a viaduct. 231/2 M. Neulengbach, prettily situated on a hill, with a château of Prince Liechtenstein above it . The Buch berg (1522 ft . ), 3 M. to the N. , commands a beautiful view . To the N.W. is the long ridge of the Haspelwald .27 M. Kirchstetten; 30 M. Böheimkirchen , on the Perschling bach. Beyond (331/2 M.) Pottenbrunn the line quits the mountains and crosses the Traisen , on which lies the well - built town of (38 M.) St. Pölten ( Kaiserin von Oesterreich; Krebs, at the station;Railway Restaurant), an episcopal see , with 10,105 inhabitants.The Abbey Church, founded in 1030, re-erected in the transition style in 1266 after a fire, and restored in the degraded style of last cent . , contains some good stained glass in the S. aisle . The largebuilding near the station is the imperial school for engineers.EXCURSIONS. To the s. to the château of Ochsenburg, at the end ofthe Steinfeld , with fine view (1/2 hr. ); also to the châteaux of Viehhofen ( 3/4 hr. ) , Goldegg ( 1/2 hr. ) , and Friedau ( 11/2 hr. ) , with gardens and art collections .From St. PÖLTEN TO LEOBERSDORF , 50 M. , railway in 5 hrs. ( fares 3 fl. 89, 2 f. 92, 1 fl . 94 kr. ) . The line follows the left bank of the Trai sen , and traverses the Steinfeld towards the S.; on the left stands the châ teau of Ochsenburg(see above) . 71/2 M. Wilhelmsburg, a thriving village;12 M. Scheibmühl- Traisen ( branch - line to Schrambach ); 15 M. St. Veit an der Gölsen, a small manufacturing town, from which the Reisalpe (4590 ft.),a fine point of view, is ascended in 5 hrs. 19 M. Hainfeld (1380 ft.; Wein traube; Krone; Rail. Restaurant), a manufacturing town , picturesquely situated at the influx of the Ramsau into the Gölsen. In the vicinity are numerous small iron- works. Pleasant excursions may be made to ( 3 M.)Ramsau and to (64/2 M.) Kleinzell in the Halbachthal, from which the Reis alpe ( see above) may be ascended in 3 hrs . – Thé train now crosses the culminating point of the line (1886 ft.) and descends to (27 M.) Kaumberg.30 M. Altenmarkt, on the Triestingbach; 35 M. Weissenbach; 38 M. Potten stein -Berndorf, with an extensive electroplate -manufactory; 40 M. Trie stinghof, 1/2 M. to the E. of which is the large village of St. Veit; 431/2 M. Enzesfeld , with the château of the same name on the hill to the right.Then (47 M.) Leobersdorf (p. 250 ).43 M. Prinzersdorf, on the rapid Pielach; on the hills to the right are the ruins of Hoheneck. The train now passes Markersdorf,and reaches (46 M. ) Gross - Sierning and ( 481/2 M.) Loosdorf, sur rounded by vineyards and saffron-gardens; near it are the interest ing châteaux of Schallaburg, Albrechtsberg , and Osterburg. Beyond a tunnel we reach ( 53 M.) Melk (p . 240), with its church and mon astery , the finest point on the line . The train crosses the Melk,and then skirts the Danube. On the opposite bank is the ruin ofWeiteneck ( p . 240 ). On the hill farther on, Artstetten , the handsome residence of Archduke Lewis Victor. Beyond (58 M.) Pöchlarn(p . 240) the Erlaf is crossed; to the right Marbach; on the hill above it , the pilgrimage- church of Maria - Taferl (p . 240).From POCHLARN TO KIENBERG-GAMING , 231/2 M., railway in 24/2 hrs.( fares 1 fl . 60, 1 fl. 20 , 80 kr.). Stations Erlauf, Wieselburg; 13 M. Purg stall , with a château . 17 M. Scheibbs ( 1050 ft.; Hirsch; Rose ), prettily situated amid wooded hills, with the Etscher in the background . 19 M. Neubruck , at the mouth of the Jessnitz. 231/2 M. Kienberg-Gaming, the1to Linz. AMSTETTEN . 36. Route . 235station for ( 2 M.; omn. 20 kr. ) Gaming ( 1410 ft.; Höllriegel; * Pascher ), apleasantly- situated little town, with the interesting ruins of a Carthusian convent.EXCURSIONS FROM GAMING (for fuller details , see Baedeker's Eastern Alps). Through the romantic Erlafthal to the (51/2 hrs.) Lassing Fall and the * Etschergraben, very attractive . * Ascent of the Etscher . Wefollow the Lunz road ( see below ) to the Grubberg ( 2470 ft . ), and then proceed to the left to the ( 3 hrs. ) Lackenhof ( 2740 ft.; * Jagersberger);thence ( guide necessary, 30 kr. per hr.; Anton or Matt. Reiter recom mended ) to the Riffelsattel in 11/2 hr. and to the Etscher - Hütte in 1/2 hr.more; lastly across the Kreuzboden to the ( 11/2 hr.) top of the Grosse Etscher (6210 ft. ), which commands an extensive view .FROM GAMING TO GÖSTLING, 13 M. , diligence daily in 3 hrs. The half way station is (6 M.) Lunz (1950 ft.; Schadensteiner; Dieminger ), prettily situated on the Ybbs and a pleasant point for a prolonged stay. Thelake of the same name (2025 ft.) lies 374 M. to the E. Göstling (1745 ft.; * Reichenpfader"; Berger ), 7M. farther up the valley, is picturesquely situated at the confluence of the Ybbs and the Göstlingbach. The Calvarienberg commands a fine view . Pleasant walk through the * Steinbachthal; another through the ' Noth ', a romantic gorge, to the ( 2 hrs .) Meisterhaus in the Wintersbachau ( Inn). A road leads to the S. from Göstling to ( 5 M.)Lassing and then throughthe Mendlingthalto Palfau and Reifling ( see below ).FROM GÖSTLING TO WEYER, 181/2 M. The road leads through the valley of the Ybbs to ( 5 M.) St. Georgen am Reith, where the Waidhofen road (see below) diverges to the N. , and to (6 M.) Hollenstein ( 1600 ft.; * Dietrich ),prettily situated at the confluence of the Ybbs and Lassing; then by Klein Hollenstein to (71/2 M.) Weyer (see below).611/2 M. Krummnussbaum; in the distance on the left bank,beyond the wide curve which the Danube here describes, lie Persen beug (p. 239) and Ybbs, with a large poor-house and lunatic asylum (p. 239).Near (66 M.) Kemmelbach - Ybbs the line quits the Danube and crosses the Ips , or Ybbs, the valley of which it then follows.721/2 M. Blindenmarkt; 771/2 M. Amstetten ( Schmiedt; Railway Restaurant, with beds), where Murat defeated the Austrians, 5th Nov. , 1805.From AMSTETTEN TO KLEIN -REIFLING, 29 M., railway in 11/ 4-21/2 hrs.( fares 1 fl. 90 , 1 f . 40, 95 kr. ) . The line at first runs parallel with the Linz railway and then turns towards the S. into the valley of the Ybbs.Stations Ulmerfeld ,Hilm - Kematen , Rosenau (where the Ybbs is crossed ), and ( 14 M.) Waidhofen (1168 ft.; Hotel Infür; Schif'; Stern ), a pleasantly -situated place in the valley of the Ybbs . Interesting excursions in the neigh bourhood: to the Sonntagberg (2310 ft .),14/2 hr., with a pilgrimage-church and an extensive view; to (41/2 M.) Yübsitz , and (9 M.) Opponitz in the Ybbsthal; and to (12 M.) Göstling ( see above).The line here leaves the Ybbsthal and enters the lateral valley ( See berger Graben ) which ascends towardsthe S.; at (20 M.) Oberland it crosses the watershed between the Ybbs and Enns , the boundary -line between Austria ' Unter der Enns' and ' Ob der Enns', and marked by some old fortifications. The railway then descends past Gaflenz and Weyer , a long village situated in a narrow valley, to Kastenreith and (29 M. ) Klein - Reifling,a station on the Rudolfbahn (see Baedeker's Eastern Alps).84 M. Aschbach; 89 M. St. Peter; 94 M. Haag (to the left Schloss Salaberg); 102 M. St. Valentin . ( Railway to St. Michael,see Baedeker's E. Alps; to Budweis, see p . 293. ) The Enns, the boundary between Lower and Upper Austria, is now crossed .106 M. Enns (920 ft.; Krone; Ochs) is a picturesquely-situated town , the fortifications of which were constructed with the ransom236 Route 36 .LINZ.From Vienna7paid by England for Richard Cæur de Lion . The lofty watch-tower in the market- place was erected by Emp. Maximilian II . in 1565.Schloss Ennseck on an eminence, the property of Prince Auersperg,contains a collection of Roman antiquities. 109 M. Asten .About 3 M. to the S.W. lies the extensive Augustinian abbey of St. Florian, one of the most ancient in Austria . The present edifice is of the 18th cent. , the low crypt of the 13th . The library, with 40,000 vols. , con tains some valuable MSS . The pictures are chiefly copies. The collection of coins is valuable and admirably arranged .About 21/4 M. to the E. of St. Florian rises the Tillysburg , a squarebuilding with towers at the corners . In 1623 the castle of Volkersdorf waspresented to Tilly, the Imperial general in the Thirty Years' War , by Emp. Ferdinand II. It was subsequently taken down by Tilly's nephew ,who caused the present castle to be erected, nearly on the same site , in 1636. It is now the property of the abbey.The line crosses the Traun, at the thriving little town of Klein münchen, and reaches117 M. Linz. Hotels. On the Danube, below the bridge, near thesteamboat- pier: " ERZHERZOG CARL, R. from 1 fl., L. 25 , B. 48, A. 35 kr.;"GOLDNER ADLER, R. from 80, L. 20, B. from 30 kr. Above the bridge:

• ROTHER KREBS, R. 191.; LAMM; BAYRISCHER HOF. - In the town: * LÖWE and * STADT FRANKFURT, in the Franz-Josephs-Platz; * KANONE, in the Land strasse, opposite the post- office , nearest the railway -station, R. 1 fl., L. 18,

B. 33 kr.; *GOLDENES SCHIFF , HERRENHAUS , both in the Landstrasse,with gardens; " Rose.Cafés. Seitz, Reith , both on the Danube; Traxlmayer, in the Prome nade; Steinböck , Franz -Josephs-Platz. — * Railway Restaurant.Theatre, in the Promenade; performances daily ( parterre 50 kr. ).Volksgarten , with restaurant , near the station , a favourite resort , where concerts are frequently given in the evening.Swimming Bath , at the lower end of the town.Post Office, Landstrasse, corner of the Bethlehem- Str. Telegraph Office, between the Pfarrplatz and the Donaulände.Tramway from the Central West Station through the Landstrasse and across the Franz- Josephs-Platz to Urfahr ( see below ) .Cab from the station into the town, with one horse 60 kr. , with two horses 1 fl .; from the steamboat- quay 50 or 80 kr.; drive by time , first 1/4 hr. 50 or 70, each additional 1/2 hr. 30 or 50 kr.Popular Festival , with agricultural show, in September , much fre quented by peasants from the environs.Linz (813 ft. ), on the right bank of the Danube, and connected with Urfahr on the opposite bank by an iron bridge constructed in 1872, supported by buttresses of granite , is the capital of Upper Austria, with 41,687 inhab . and a considerable garrison. In the centre of the spacious Franz-Josephs-Platz , ascending from the Danube, rises the lofty Trinity Column, erected by Emp. Charles IV . in 1723 , to commemorate the happy termination of hostile invasions and the ravages of pestilence . The Klostergasse leads hence to the right to the old Minorite Monastery and to the House of the Estates , built in 1562 , which lies at the lower end of the PROMBNADB, the busiest street in the town. Fartheron are the Theatre, Redouten- Säle ( ' Assembly Rooms'),and the Casino, while at the upper end stands a simple Monument,raised by the 3rd Rifle Battalion to their comrades who fell at Mon:tebello in 1859 .to Linz . LINZ. 36, Route . 2372The * Landes - Museum , or Museum Francisco - Carolinum , in the House of the Estates, adjoining the theatre , open daily 10-12 and 3-5 (gratis) , contains a collection of provincial curiosities: in the court and vestibule , Roman antiquities; on the first floor alibrary, carved wood , musical instruments ( among them a piano once presented by the city of Paris to Beethoven ), old weapons,portraits ( including those of Stephan Fadinger , leader of the in surgent peasantry in 1626, and his opponent Count Herberstein ),coins, seals, Celtie antiquities from Hallstatt, etc. The Herren - Str ., diverging from the upper end of the Promenade,passes the Spitalwiese with the handsome Gymnasium , and thenleads to the right to the new Gothic Cathedral, built from the designs of Statz of Cologne, and dedicated to the Virgin Mary.The votive chapel behind the high-altar is finished and used for divine service.The Capuchin Church, adjoining the upper suburb, contains the tombstone of Montecuccoli (d . 1680) , the well-known Imperial general in the wars of the Thirty Years and those against Louis XIV.The road in the same direction next passes extensive deposits of sand, and ascends the ( 11/2 M.) * Freinberg, the tower on which,erected by Archduke Maximilian by way of experiment, previousto the construction of the old fortifications of Linz, was afterwards connected with a church and presented to the Jesuits. Fine * View from the platform ( not accessible after 7 p . m.; ladies not admitted) .Adjacent is the episcopal Boys' Seminary.A good , level road leads hence towards the N. to the (1/4 hr . )

• Jägermayr ( Restaurant; cab from Linz 11/2 fl .) and the new grounds of the ' society for the embellishment of the environs', where there

are several fine points of view . Direction - boards indicate the way to the * Donau - Aussicht , one of the finest points in the vicinity , the Türkenschanze, the Calvarienberg, and the Zauberthal . To the S. stretches the chain of the Alps of Salzburg and Styria . The Traun stein is particularly conspicuous. The Jägermayr is about 11/2 M. in a straight direction to the W. from the bridge over the Danube . The pleasantest route is to follow the road for 1 M. along the bank of the river, as far as the Calvarienberg, and then to ascend . The view from the * Pöstlingberg (1765 ft.) on the left bank, to wards the N. W. , 1 hr. from the bridge , is still more extensive ,and , especially by evening-light, very picturesque. Edlbacher’s Pan orama shows all the points visible hence. On the summit is a pil grimage - church (and tavern), surrounded by fortifications . The way to it from the bridge leads in a straight direction through the inn * Zum Goldenen Löwen ' ( or by the street to the right, then to the left by the ' Stadt Budweis ), and by the Auberg-Gässchen. Turning the corner to the left at the top of the lane , the traveller reaches the inn Zum Auberg, beyond which the main route must be fol lowed , and the diverging paths avoided .238 Route 37. MAUTHHAUSEN. The Danube from

• St. Magdalena, a pilgrimage -church ( Inn) , 3/4 hr. to the N. of Urfahr,

is another admirable point of view (one-horse carr. 5 fl.). Pleasant excursion hence through the Haselgraben , passing the partly - preserved castle of Wildberg, to (13/4 hr. ) Kirchschlag ( 2933 ft.), a small bath with picturesque wooded environs , and the (3/4 hr.) * Giselawarte ( 3133 ft . ) , abelvedere commanding a most extensive view (plain refreshments).From Linz to KREMSMÜNSTER, 229/2 M., narrow -gauge railway ( Krems thalbahn ) in 2 hrs. 10 min. (2nd cl . 11. 84 kr. , 3rd cl. 1 fl. 7 kr.). Near( 1/2 M. ) Traun the line crosses the river of that name (p. 243) by a handsome iron bridge, and at (10 M. ) Nettingsdorf it enters the smiling Kremsthal.In the background rises the Grosse Priel and other Styrian Alps. 14 M. Neuhofen; 16 M. Kematen; 20 M. Rohr - Bad Hall ( see below ), at the mouth of the Sulzbach . 221/2 M. Kremsmünster ( 1085 ft.; * Kaiser Max; Post;Sonne), a prettily -situated little town, with an ancient and celebrated Ben edictine abbey , founded in 777 by Tassilo , Duke of Bavaria .sent palatial structure dates from the 18th century. The valuable library contains 70,000 vols. , 1700 MSS. , and 837 incunabula. The cabinet of antiques contains several rare curiosities. In the lower floors of the lofty observatory, which is admirably fitted up, is an extensive natural history collection . The fish - pond should not be overlooked . Good wine at theconvent- tavern .From station Rohr (see above) an omnibus (railway in progress) plies in 1/2 hr. to Bad Hall ( 1230 ft.; Hotel Elisabeth; Budapest; Erzherzog Karl;Stadt Triest ), a watering- place with springs strongly impregnated with iodine. A new Curhaus , baths , and colonnade have recently been built and a fine park laid out. Visitors' tax 4-6 fl. – From Hall a road leadsto the E, to Sierning and (101/2 M.) Steyr; see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.The pre37. The Danube from Linz to Vienna.STEAMBOAT daily in 81/2 (ascent 17) hrs.; fares for the descent 6 n. 30 and4 fl . 20 kr., for the ascent 3 and 2 11. Good restaurant on board; table d'hôte 1 n. 60 kr. The usual hours of arrival at the principal places are given, assuming that the boat starts from Linz at 71/2 a.m.; r. denotes the right, 1. the left bank . - RAILWAY, see R. 36 . Down the stream the steamer is far preferable, as the railway touches the river between Kem melbach and Melk only .Below Linz the right bank of the Danube is flat. Fine retrospectof the town and its environs . The steamer passes under the Linz and Prague railway -bridge ( p . 293) . R. Zizelau, at the influx of the Traun ( p. 236). Opposite to it .L. Steyregg, partly concealed behind a wooded island. Above it rises Schloss Steyregg, the seat of Count Weissenwolf. The steamer threads its way among numerous islands . 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Linz to Vienna . GREIN. 37. Route. 2397L. Ober -Sebing; to the right the distant Alps. On the right, far ther on, Erlakloster, with a dissolved nunnery.(9 a.m.) R. Nieder -Wallsee, a village on a hill surrounded with fruit- trees. The handsome Schloss Wallsee, with its lofty tower commanding a fine view , once the property of Marshal Daun, is now the seat of the Duke of Saxe- Coburg.L. On an eminence, a little inland , Schloss Clam. Near R. Ardagger the Danube suddenly turns to the N. The channel contracts, and is confined between lofty, wooded hills .(9.35) L. Grein (715 ft .; * Herndl) , a prettily-situated little town , is commanded by the extensive Greinburg , the property of the Duke of Coburg. On the hill above Grein lies the spacious hydropa thic establishment of Kreuzen (1570 ft . ), finely situated (on foot or by carr. , 1 hr .; omn . 30 kr. ).Ridges of rock projecting far into the stream here form the " Greiner Schwall (i . e . surging water ). The stream is divided by the large island of Wörth, on the N. side of which the main arm de scends in rapids termed the * Strudel (i . e . turbulent or gurgling water ), 300 yds . long, and 10-15 yds . in width , once verydanger ous to vessels. The rocks were blasted for the last time in 1853, and the passage is now safe . The steamer steers along the rocky bank of the Werth , at the N. end of which rises a mass of rock, crowned with the ruin of Werfenstein . Near the village of Struden on the left bank,opposite the Werfenstein , rises the ruin of a robber - stronghold of that name. A little lower the Hausstein , a lofty rock , surmounted by a ruined tower, forms a new obstacle to the stream as it descends from the Strudel . The eddy thus caused constitutes the once danger ous Wirbel (i . e . whirlpool), which is now merely a swift rapid .The passage of the Strudel and Wirbel occupies a few minutes only .At the lower extremity of this defile liesL. St. Nicolai , with picturesque rocky scenery in the environs ,frequently visited by artists .L. Sarmingstein , with an ancient wateh-tower. Below the ruins ofR. Freienstein , the Isperbach falls into the Danube on the left .R. Donaudorf, with a small château . Opposite , on a rock projecting into the river, risesL. Persenbeug, a château belonging to Archduke Charles Lewis .(10.20) R. Ybbs ( Lamm; Ochs), the Roman Pons 1sidis. One of the two most conspicuous buildings is a lunatic asylum , the other a poor-house, connected with that of Vienna. The river describes a wide curve. To the right is the mouth of the Ybbs (p. 235 ). Adistant view is obtained of the Austrian Alps, with the Detscher,to the S. At Sarling, on the right, the railway approaches the river (p. 235 ).R. Säusenstein , with the ruins of the Cistercian abbey of Gottes thal, burned down by the French in 1809.2.10 Route 37 .MELK . The Danube from( 10. 42) L. Marbach ( Sonne; Ochs) , a considerable market town . On the hill above it , 1450 ft. in height (ascent 1 hr .), rises the large pilgrimage-church of Maria - Taferl, visited by 100,000 devotees annually. The summit ( Inn) commands a fine view of the valley of the Danube, a great part of Lower Austria , the Styrian Alps ,and the mountain - range from the Schneeberg near Vienna to the Ba varian frontier. Opposite Marbach is the railway-stat . Krummnuss baum(p . 235). A little farther on the Erlaf flows into the Danube.( 10.54) R. Pöchlarn (rail. stat .; Pleiner ), the Roman Arelape, the traditional residence of Rüdiger of Pechlarn , one of the heroes of the Nibelungen - Lied, who accorded a brilliant reception to Chriem hilde on her journey to the land of the Huns . On the oppositebank is Klein - Pöchlarn , with an ancient church , on the hill above which is the château of Artstetten ( p. 234 ). Farther down , the church of Ebersdorf on the left. The valley now expands. Near( 11.8) L. Weiteneck rises a picturesque old pinnacled castle with towers , said to have been erected by Rüdiger of Pechlarn , and re stored by the Emp. Francis . Below it is the modest little château of Lubereck, where the Emperor spent some months every summer.( 11.20 ) R. Melk, orMölk (rail . stat .; Lamm; * Ochs; Hirsch ), is asmall town at the base of the rock on which stands a celebrated Benedictine Abbey, 188 ft . above the river , founded in 1089 , re-erected in 1701-38 , resembling a large palace rather than a monastery . Achâteau of the Margraves of Babenberg , some of whom are interredin the church , once occupied this site . The abbey has been besieged several times. Two strong bastions with embrasures , which are still seen at the E. entrance , were strengthened by Napoleon after the battle of Aspern . The church , sumptuously fitted up with gilding and red marble, contains a remarkably fine organ . The library ( 30,000 vols . ), comprising incunabula and MSS. in a handsome sa loon , as well as the picture - gallery , deserve a visit . The private chapel of the abbot contains the ‘ Melker Kreuz', admirably executed in embossed gold , 2 ft . in height, dating from 1363. The back is adorned with pearls and precious stones; the foot is of silver . Melk and Mautern, situated farther down the river, are also mentioned in the Nibelungen - Lied . — The landing- place is 1 M. below the town.Below Melk the Danube enters the Wachau , a picturesque , nar row defile, many miles in length , remarkable for its fine scenery and the curious old legends associated with it .L. Emmersdorf, opposite the influx of the Pielach ( p. 234), with a church and monastery .R. Schönbichl , with a château of Count Beroldingen and a Ser vite monastery .L. Aggsbach.R. Aggstein , once a dreaded robber's castle . 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Linz to Vienna. STEIN. 37. Route. 241->L. Schwallenbach, the Teufelsmauer (devil's wall ), a rocky ridge,extends from the river to the summit of the hill above.(12 noon) L. Spitz, a market- town with an ancient church and ruined castle, built around a vine- clad hill.L. St. Michael. On the roof of the old church are placed six haresmade of clay , quaintly commemorative of a snow - drift which socompletely covered the church that the hares ran over the roof.L. Wösendorf; then Weissenkirchen . On the opposite bank another indented rocky wall ascends the hill . The river turns E.R. Rossatz , a market-town and château . Below it, on a rocky eminence, rise the picturesque ruins of the castle of ( 12.30 p.m. ) L. * Dürnstein . In 1192-93 Duke Leopold Vi .kept Richard Cæur de Lion a prisoner here for 15 months , andhere the faithful Blondel is said to have discovered his lost master.The village has a very picturesque appearance when seen from the river; the modern Schloss , the old abbey, and the church are the most prominent buildings . In the ruins of a nunnery of St. Clara ,dissolved in 1769, an inn has been established .R. Mautern, the Roman Mutinum . A wooden bridge, 1/3 M. in length , dating from 1463, connects Mautern with (12.50) L. Stein (Bittermann's Hotel; Elephant) , a well - built town, with three churches . Near the bridge are the ruins of a castle destroyed by Matthew Corvinus in 1486 , and on the Frauenberg the remnants of another stronghold . The old borough of Krems is sepa rated from Stein by the suppressed Capuchin monastery of Und .From the river they present the appearance of a single long town .A monument to Marshal Schmidt, who fell here in a skirmish with the French in 1805, was erected on the Promenade in 1820 .FROM KREMS TO ABSDORF by railway in 14/4 hr. ( fares 1 fl. 51 , 1 f .13, 76kr.). Stations Gedersdorf, Hadersdorf, Wagram (* Schloss Grafenegg,the property of Count Breuer, 1 m. distant, possesses à park , hot-houses,and stables worthy of inspection) , Kirchberg on the Wagram, Absdorf ( p. 294) .The extensive and wealthy Benedictine abbey of Göttweih, which has already been visible from the steamboat for some time , situated on a hill 726 ft. high, about 4 M. from the Danube, was founded in 1072. The present building was erected in 1719. The portal of the church and the great staircase are very imposing. The abbey possesses a library with numerous incunabula and MSS. , a physical cabinet, and collections of coins , antiquities, engravings, etc. The left bank is now flat, and numerous islands again divide the stream . To the right in the distance the solitary church of Wetter kreuz (1207 ft.) rises on the crest of the hill . On the Danube lies the small town of Hollenburg (772 ft. ); above it a ruined castle and a villa with pleasure - grounds. The right bank also now becomes flat, and the scenery is uninteresting until Vienna is approached .(1.25 .) R. Traismauer, a very old village , not visible from the river, is mentioned in the Nibelungen-Lied . Near it the Traisen falls into the Danube.BAEDEKER's S. Germany. 5th Edit, 16242 Route 38. WELS.(2.25) R. Tulln ( Brenner; Hirsch; Löwe) , one of the oldest towns on the Danube , the Comagena of the Romans, and the station of one of their fleets which guarded the river , is also men tioned in the Nibelungen . In the extensive plain here , the Tullner Feld , an army of 60,000 men assembled in 1683 for the purpose of aiding the distressed Viennese against their Turkish besiegers . The Danube is here crossed by the Franz - Joseph Railway ( p. 294).Below Tulln , as the Wiener Wald is approached, the scenery becomes more attractive.( 2.57) R. Greifenstein , a castle of Prince Liechtenstein , with a handsome tower , attracts numerous visitors from Vienna (station on the Franz-Joseph Line, which here skirts the bank) . Hadersfeld,on the bill , from which pleasant forest- paths lead to Klosterneuburg,Kierling, etc. , commands a fine survey of the valley of the Danube.L. Kreuzenstein , an old castle at some distance inland, concealed by trees .R. Höflein , below which the river suddenly turns S. In the distance the Kahlenberg (p . 231) becomes visible .(3.15) L. Korneuburg (548 ft.; Hirsch; Strauss ), formerly afortress, frequently mentioned in the history of the war between Matthew Corvinus and Emp. Frederick III . , and in that of the Thirty Years' War , is situated in the plain , a considerable way inland, on the railway from Vienna to Znaim ( p. 298 ). The Bisam berg ( 1180 ft. ), a vine- clad hill , extends along thebank . The domesof the Augustinian abbey of Klosterneuburg are now seen glitter ing in the distance .R. Klosterneuburg (p . 232) . Lower down, the Kahlenberg (p .231 ) lies so close to the river as scarcely to leave space for the railway and the road . To the right, upon a projecting spur, is the church of the Leopoldsberg ( p . 231), at the foot of which , embo somed in vineyards, lies the Kahlenberger Dorf.( 3.35) R. Nussdorf (p. 230) . The broader arm of the Danube does not touch the capital . Passengers are conveyed by a smaller vessel through the Danube Canal from Nussdorf to the Franz - Jo sephs- Quai by the Carlsbrücke .(4 p.m. ) R. Vienna, p. 175.38. From Linz to Salzburg.7812 M. Railway in 3-41/2 hrs. (express fares 6 fl. 40, 5 f . 10 kr.; Ordinary, 5 f . 10, 3 f . 80 , 2 fi . 50 kr.).Linz, see p. 236. Soon after starting, a number of the forts of Linz are seen on the low hills to the right; above them in the distance rises the Pöstlingberg with its church . Stations Hörsching,Marchtrenk. 17 M. Wels (1026 ft.; * Adler; * Post; Kaiserin von Oesterreich , at the station) , the Ovilabis of the Romans, is a hand some village with a modern Gothic church . Emp. Maximilian I. died here in the old castle of Prince Auersperg .VÖCKLABRUCK. 38. Route. 243Beyond Wels the line traverses a wooded district . Stat. Guns kirchen; then (24 M. ) Lambach (1100 ft.; * Railway Restaurant;Rössl) , the junction for the Gmunden line, a small town with several important-looking buildings. Among these is a Benedictine Abbey ( founded in 1032), which contains a collection of engravings,specimens of early printing, MSS. , and nine large altar- pieces by Sandrart. • To Gmunden (with visit to the Traunfall ), see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.The line now quits the Traunthal and enters the valley of the Ager. On the left are seen the Traunstein and the Höllengebirge.From ( 28 M.) Breitenschützing a coal-railway runs to the right to Wolfsegg. 301/2 M. Schwanenstadt. 341/2 M. Attnang (1322 ft.;Railway Restaurant; Hôtel Augustin, at the station) , the junction for the Salzkammergut Railway (see Baedeker's Eastern Alps ).FROM ATTNANG TO SCHĀRDING , 42 M. , railway in 4 hrs. ( fares 3 fl. 16,2 f . 38, 1 fl. 53 kr. ). About 2 M. to the E. of (7 M.) Manning - Wolfsegg lies the small town of Wolfsegg (* Kölblinger , with view; Post) , charm ingly situated on the slope of the Hausruck. The park and the "Schanze'command beautiful views of the hilly environs. 10/2 M. Holzleithen ,whence a branch- line runs to Thomasroith, in a coal- mining district. The train penetrates the Hausruck by a tunnel 770 yds. long, and descends by Hausruck and Eberschwang to (201/2 M.) Ried (p . 163 ). 251/2 M. Aurolz münster; 28 M. St. Martin, with a château and brewery; 32 M. Andiesen hofen . The train now approaches the Inn , crosses the Andiesenbach, and beyond ( 364/2 M.) Suben the Prambach , and reaches (42 M.) Schärding ( Bauer ), an old town , picturesquely situated on the right bank of theInn . From Schärding to Passau ( Ratisbon, etc. ), see p. 169.To the left the old château of Puchheim; in the background the Höllengebirge. 371/2 M. Vöcklabruck (* Mohr; Post) is a pleasant little town on the Ager, with old gate-towers and remains of walls .Route to the Attersee, see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.The train crosses the Ager twice . On the right are the château and ruins of Wartenburg. At (40 M.) Timelkam the line enters the valley of the Vöckla , which falls into the Ager here. 45 M. Redl- Zipf, with a large brewery; 471/2 M. Vöcklamarkt; 50/2 M. Frankenmarkt ( 1758 ft .). The railway now quits the Vöckla , and winds through the hilly wooded district forming the watershed between the Traun and the Inn . Just before reaching ( 601/2 M.)Strasswalchen , the overhanging summit of the Schafberg and the Schober are seen on the left (route to the Mondsee , see Baedeker's Eastern Alps ). 62 M. Steindorf, junction for Braunau (p . 163) . 63M.Köstendorf- Neumarkt. The ascent of the Tannberg (2572 ft .),11/4 hr . to the N.W. of the railway-station, is recommended . Beau tiful view of the Alps (*Inn at the top),Near (691/2 M. ) Seekirchen the line skirts the Wallersee, or Lake of Seekirchen , 21/2 M. in length , which is bounded on the N. and W. by moorlands . It then enters a wooded tract, crosses theFischach (outflow of the Wallersee) several times, and turns to the left into the valley of the Salzach (to the left the rounded Gaisberg,to the right the Untersberg and Watzmann; then Mariaplain , and>16 *244 Route 38.SALZBURG .Hotels.

beyond it the Stauffen ). We now reach the station of (781/2 M. )Salzburg , which is about 3/4 M. from the town.Salzburg Hotels. * HÔTEL DE L'EUROPE (Pl. a) , opposite the station , with extensive grounds; *HÔTEL D'AUTRICHE (Pl . b ), Schwarz- Str. , R. from 1 fl., L. 50 , B. 50, A. 30 kr.; * Hotel NELBÖCK (Pl. c) , near the sta tion, R. 2 fl ., A. 30, B. 60, L. 30 kr., pension from 4f. In the town , onthe left bank: * ERZHERZOG CARL (Pl. d) , Mozart-Platz; * GOLDNES Schiff (Pl . e) , Residenz - Platz. *ILLERSBERGER, Markt- Platz; GOLDNE KRONE (Pl . f.; opposite the house in which Mozart was born) , HIRSCH, MÖDLHAM MERBRÄU , HORN, all in the Getreidegasse; * Haas, in the market-place;

• Mohr (Pl . g) , Judengasse. On the right bank: * Zum Stein , by the bridge,

with view , unpretending; *GABLERBRÄU , * TRAUBE , REGENBOGEN , and Tiger, for moderate requirements; Hofmann's GASTHAUS , at the railway station . Pension JUNG, near the station.Cafés and Restaurants. Tomaselli , in the market- place; Wiesenberger, Judengasse; * Koller , Linzergasse, ' near the bridge; Grabner, Makart Platz; * Curhaus (see p. 248 ), with café -restaurant (concertsfive or six times weekly in summer, 30 kr. ). Wine in the Stiftskeller of St. Peter (Pl. h ,p. 226 ); also at Glockner's and Keller's, in the Getreidegasse; at the Illers berger Hotel, etc. - Stehle's restaurant, Bahn - Str. Beer at the Stieglbräu; in summer at the Stieglkeller (Pl. i) , on the way to the fortress, afavourite resort; Sternbräugarten , Getreidegasse; Mirabellgarten , Makart Platz ( concerts frequently in summer); Bergerbräu , near the station;Schanzlkeller , outside the Cajetanerthor; Mödlhammerkeller, outside the Klausenthor, these two with fine views.Baths. * Neue Bade- Anstalt, Bahn - Str ., admirably fitted up, withbaths of every description . Swimming Baths near Schloss Leopoldskron,11/2 M. to the S.W. ( p. 249); Mud, Pine-cone , and Peat Baths at the Lud wigsbad and the Marienbad , 11/2 M. from the town ( p. 249; omnibus from the 'Goldene Hirsch' and ' Goldene Horn' several times daily).Cabs. From the station into the town, without luggage, one- horse 50 ,two- horse 80 kr.; with luggage 60 kr, or 1 fl.; at night, without luggage,70 or 1 fl. 30 kr. , with luggage 90 or 1 fl. 60 kr. –By time: half- a -day 3 fl. 20 kr. or 5 fl .; whole day 6 or 9 f. To Berchtesgaden 5 or 8 A.,Mondsee 6 or 10 A. To the following places and back: Berchtesgaden6 or 10 fl.; Königssee 8 or 12 fl. (visit to the salt-mine included in both cases);Mondsee 9 or 15 f . Excursions with stay of 1 hr.: Aigen , Marienbad,Hellbrunn , or Klesheim 2 or 3 fl. – Tolls and fees included in all cases.Omnibus to Hellbrunn and Aigen , daily in good weather, starting from the Café Koller at 10a.m. and 2.30 p.m., stopping 1 hr. at each place, and returning at 2 and 7 p.m. ( return - fare 75 pf.). To Berchtesgaden , see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.Porters ( Dienstmänner ) may be hired at 5 kr. per 1/4 hr.; to carry lug.gage not exceeding 25 lbs. in weight to the station , 20 kr. Guides, 25 kr.Post and Telegraph Office in the Government Buildings , in the Re sidenz- Platz, entrance to the right of the guard- house ( Pl . 5 ).English Church Service in the German Protestant Church at 11 a.m. and 4 p.m.Salzburg ( 1352 ft. ), the Roman Juvavia, was once the capital of the wealthiest and most powerful ecclesiastical principality in S. Germany, which was secularised in 1802 and converted into a tem poral Electorate . It afterwards became Austrian, then Bavarian,and finally, in 1814 , Austrian again . The town ( 25,000 inhab .; 350 Prot . ) is now the seat of an archbishop and of the government authorities and law - courts of the district . Few German towns can vie with Salzburg in the beauty of its situation and environs . The town , the new part of which is clean and well built, is situatedper hour.1|A B Dn.Lehely EKachenhazvon2013JohannSpital Mülln F.2 VorstadtAiglhofGasthöfe:a de l'Europe b Oesterreich . Tor ELo Nolböck iaErzherzog Carl ESe Goldnes Schirr DESf Krone . D. & Motor 1.5 Restaurationen:b . Stitiskeller zu St. Peter 1.3 i . Stiegelkeller 1.61 Weg z. Monchberg D.2I. T=Minchberg D.51Weg z.Festung 1.6I1.6 stiege -Nonnberg 2I g*Honenberg 1.2 I Weg z Kannzinerberg, E41almbadlamikajosRiellenburg SeadoRlatsen SpathGlenloch GasthiayeWeimoBürgerike Söderdories.PlatzSEEcuaciibePalaroldPLBASAMonchsbergAlicitnera ThumResidenzaPlatachalela AlmbootherOblittkapitelP1muptasScharten 16NOTarten leta Th . eopoldsbron Reynoegm . LeopolderSagmühle2ahntorte Vorstadt Nonnthal 1FürstenwegTilla TrautmansB с Deograph Anstalt vonIL KSalzburg MariaPlainsTroschheim TIETOSSchicchethode WhendeBahnhofEuropeFlinthausHotel DU Nelbeck.Casernen1. Capallerie (as. ( Ehem Erzbisch. Residenz) D42. Franz Josephs Cas.. F.3 .3.Tiinisor Cas. D.2 .4. lur u -Badhaus. E 25. Hartmache 1.56. Jrrenhans DIKirchen2. Aagastinerk .. D.28. BürgerspitalE. 9. Dom D510. Dreifaltigkeitsk . E.4 .IL SErhardsK. u Spital . DE 712. Franziskaner:K .. D.5.13.Kajetanerk .E.614.Böllegium Ki D.415. S Margarethen lap . 15 316. SPeterskalarchhof D.5 17. S + SebastianshaKirchhof E.418. Ursuliner: Zoster D.3189 Protest.Kirche E3,Klöster .19. Kapuziner Kl. E420.Loretto Kl. E.3421.Nonnberg kl.(Benedict Nommenstift E6 22.Innstausstellung E523. Magistrut E424 Mirabell 25. Moxarts Geburtshaus. 14126 . > Wombats Et 127 Standbild E.28. Mozarteum . ' E.629. Museum 1330. Potizei DE63L Post ESSchrannenGatterburgVillaCeconi2 .Gansthor E.3.4.Stembran Keller .......... .Ketler .:hacStadtmussteSetOntemheim

Gausberg32.Residenz KE 33.Bitzerboyen 34.Seminar 35. Sommer Reitschule36 Telegraphenamt 37. Theater 38. ParacelsusWohnhaus39. StudiengebändeD.5 .15E4C.D.4DE52 E3E.41.4...... ...1 .......... S:...... . ... ZellerhofGH I KWagner & Debes,Leipzig

Mozart's Statue. SALZBURG . 38. Route. 245on both banks of the Salzach , bounded by the abrupt castle-hill and the Mönchsberg on the left bank, and by the Capuzinerberg on the right bank . Frequent conflagrations have left few works of med iæval architecture at Salzburg. Most of the principal buildings are due to the magnificent taste of the archbishops in the 17th and 18th centuries . The houses with their flat roofs, the numerous fountains, and the marble façades remind the traveller of Italy ,whence the archbishops generally procured their architects . Oflate much has been done for the embellishment of the town , parti cularly in the laying out of ornamental grounds planted with trees on the broad quays, which form charming promenades on both banks of the Salzach , from the railway-embankment as far as the Caro linen - Brücke. On the right bank , towards the railway - station ,extends a new and handsome quarter, in which the town - park and Curhaus (p . 248) form the most attractive point for strangers .The older quarter of the town is on the left bank ofthe Salzach .The principal part of it is the Residenz - Platz, with the spacious Residenz-Schloss ( Pl . 32), or Palace , erected in 1592-1725 , and at present occupied by the Grand - Duke of Tuscany. Opposite to it is the Neubau (Government Buildings and Law Courts, and the Post and Telegraph offices ), begun in 1588. On the S. side is the Cathedral (P1.9), erected in 1614-28 by Solari, in imitation of St. Peter's at Rome , containing some worthless pictures and stucco work . A chapel to the left of the entrance contains a * Font in bronze, dating from 1321. The frescoes on the ceiling, now being restored , were injured in 1859 by a fire, which destroyed the dome and roof. A Mariensäule adorns the Domplatz on the W. side of the cathedral.The * Hofbrunnen , executed in 1664 by Ant . Dario , 46 ft , in height, occupies the centre of the Residenz-Platz . Each of the hip popotami and the figures of Atlas is hewn out of a single block of marble. At the summit a Triton spouts water out of a horn .

• Mozart's Statue (P1 . 27) , in bronze, by Schwanthaler , erected in 1842 , adorns the adjacent Mozart- Platz . The house where the great composer ( 1756-91) was born (Pl . 25), in the Getreidegasse ,

is indicated by an inscription . The room in which he first saw the light, on the third floor , is now fitted up as a Mozart Museum ( adm . on week-days, 8-11 and 1-4, 50 kr.; on Sun , 10-12, 1 11. )and contains his piano and spinet, a collection of his letters, the MSS. of several of his compositions, and numerous other reminiscences. The Mozart Album, which contains autographs and photographs of distinguished modern musicians , is shown only to those provided with special tickets , to be obtained at Sigmund - Hafner gasse 2, first floor ( 20 kr. ).On the S. side of the cathedral is the Capitel - Platz, with its handsome marble horse-trough . On the left side of this Platz is situated the recently -restored Archiepiscopal Palace ,>246 Route 38. SALZBURG Church of St. Peter . .To the right in the vicinity is the entrance to the * Burial Ground of St. Peter ( Pl. 16) , the oldest in Salzburg . The vaults hewn in the rock and the chapels attached , dating from the period of the consecration of the ground by St. Rupert about 582, are very inter esting. The late- Gothic Church of St.Margaret in the middle of the burial- ground, erected in 1481 and restored in 1864, contains tomb stones of the 15th century . The burial - ground is bounded on the N. by the Church of St. Peter (Pl . 16), a Romanesque edifice of 1127, restored in 1745 in the tasteless style of the period . By apillar in the N. aisle is the very ancient tombstone of St. Rupert. The Benedictine Abbey of St. Peter contains a library of some value (40,000 vols . ) , an interesting treasury , and extensive archives (visitors admitted , generally at 1 p.m. , by permission obtained at the Stiftspforte, to the left of the church - door ). At the N. en trance to the burial-ground is the Stiftskeller (p . 244) . In the court to the right is the Exhibition of the Salzburg Art Union .In the vicinity is the Franciscan Church (P1 . 12 ) , of the 13th cent . , with a fine Romanesque S. portal , and an elegant Gothic tower, erected in 1866. The interior is in the transition-style,disfigured with modern additions . The peculiar hexagonal choir supported by columns , with its net -work vaulting and radiating chapels, dates from the 15th century On the high-altar stands a

• Madonna, carved in wood by M. Pacher ( 1480 ).

The stables of the former prince - bishops, now a cavalry-barrack ,contain the Summer Riding School (Pl . 35, adm . 10 kr .), an am phitheatre hewn in the rocks of the Mönchsberg in 1693, and the Winter Riding School, with a painting of a tournament on the ceiling ( date 1690) . On one side of the riding- school are the steps ascending to the Mönchsberg (see below); on the other a horse -trough with marble enclosure and a group of horse-tamers by Mandl(1670 ).The * Neuthor, a tunnel 150 yds . in length, hewn in 1767 through the conglomerate rock (breccia) of the Mönchsberg , leads out of the town by the barracks. Beyond it stands a statue of St. Sigismund , by Hagenauer , erected in honour of Archduke Sigis mund , in whose reign the tunnel was constructed, and of whom amedallion may be seen at the end of the tunnel next the town .Near the Convent of St. Ursula (Pl . 18) is the extensive and valuable * Museum Carolino-Augusteum (Pſ . 29) , entered from the Franz-Joseph- Quai ( adm . 9-1 and 2-5; daily in summer; Sun , and Thurs. in winter; 50 kr . ) .Hall of Antiquities. Celtic and Roman antiquities of Salzburg , the Pinzgau , etc. - The Vestibule contains a large relief-map of the Salzburg Alps and the Hohe Tauern , by Keil. - Cabinet of Coins , with about 2000 coins of Salzburg , dating from 996 to 1800 . - Music Hall , with a large collection of musical instruments of the last three centuries. CostumeSaloon , with costumes of the 18th century . Weapon Saloon , withweapons of the 17-19th centuries . Romanesque Chapel and Sacristy , with furniture in the Gothic style . The following rooms are fitted up in the mediæval and rococo styles: Dining Room, 16th cent.; Bedroom , beginning>Mönchsberg. SALZBURG. 38. Route , 247< ܙof the 17th cent.; Hunting Room , end of the 16th cent.; Sitting Rooms, end of the 17th and middle of the 16th cent.; mediæval Kitchen . The lastroom contains a collection of miscellaneous antiquities .The houses of the adjacent Gstättengasse cling like swallows'nests to the steep face of the Mönchsberg , with rooms and cellars hewn in the conglomerate rock . Landslips have frequently taken place here , involving men and houses in one common ruin . The Klausen - Thor was formerly the termination of this part of the town,lying between the hill and the river. The latter is now bordered by the Franz - Joseph - Quai, shaded with trees . Beyond the gate is the Franz - Carl- Brücke, for foot -passengers (toll 1 kr.). To the N., below the suburb of Mülln, the river is crossed by the Railway Bridge.Above the town, on the S.E. point of the Mönchsberg, rises the fortress of * Hohen -Salzburg (1778 ft.), the pinnacled towers of which are 400 ft , above the Capitel- Platz. The Folter - Thurm (80 ft.high) commands a remarkably fine *Panorama . The direct route from the town to the fortress, indicated by several notice-boards ,leads from the Capitel-Platz through the Festungsgasse . Therestaurant Zur Katz , at the entrance to the fortress , commands afine view. The fortifications (ticket of admission to the interiorand the tower 20 kr. ) were founded in the 9th cent . , and ex tended at subsequent periods; the greater part of the present im posing pile dates from 1496-1519. The Church of St. George in the castle-yard , erected in 1502 , contains statues of the Twelve Apostles in red marble . On the exterior is a relief, representing the founder Archbishop Leonhard (d . 1519) . The Fürstenzimmer, re cently restored in the old style, are worthy of inspection . The Rittersaal contains a fine Gothic stove .The * Mönchsberg (1646 ft . ), a wooded hill upwards of 2 M. in length, bounding the town on the W. and S. sides , affords charming walks with beautiful views .The finest point of view is Achleitner's Tower ( adm . 10 kr. ): to the left rises the fortress of Hohen -Salzburg, beyond it the Gaisberg, at the foot of which is the Aignerthal; beyondSchloss Hellbrunn are seen the long Tän nengebirge, the narrow defile of Pass Lueg, with the Hohe-Göll adjoining it to the S. , and above Schloss Leupoldskron the dark Untersberg; then the Lattenberg , Müllnerhorn , Ristfeuchthorn , Sonntagshorn , and finally the Staufen,rising beyondthe spire of the village of Maxglan; in the plain,Schloss Klesheim . In the foreground the Reinberg, a rocky eminence with quarries of conglomerate. To theW.the Bavarian plain; N. Maria - Plain;N.E., adjoining the Gaisberg, is the Capuzinerberg, at the base of which lies the town , on the Salzach. A good view of the town is obtained from the Bürgerwehrsöller (restaurant) .The direct route from the town to the Mönchsberg is by a flight of283 steps near the barracks; another leads from the suburb of Mülln , past the Augustinian Church and through the Monica - Pforte; a third from thesuburb of Nonnthal ( Zum Rothen Hahn ) , through the new Schartenthor.The road from the fortress (see above) to the Mönchsberg leads througha gateway under the Katz , and passes the Ludwigs-Fernsicht and the castellated Villa Freyburg.The E. spur of the hill , below the fortress, is the Nonnberg ,so called from the Ursuline convent situated on it , which was248 Route 38. SALZBURG. Schloss Mirabell.founded in 1009 and restored during the 15th century . The Gothic convent-church, with Romanesque portal, possesses a fine altar with wings , a crypt with handsome columns , and in the tower frescoes of very early date . Charming view from the parapet.The Salzach is crossed in the middle of the town by an iron Bridge , 300 ft . long and 36 ft. broad , In the ' Platzl' , near the bridge , on the right bank of the Salzach , is the House of Paracel sus ( Pl . 38), the celebrated physician and empiric (d . 1541 ), indi cated by his effigy.His monument is in the vestibule of the church which adjoins the Cemetery of St. Sebastian (Pl . 17), at the end of the Linzer-Strasse. To the left of the path leading to the Chapel in the centre of the cemetery (erected in 1597, recently restored; walls in mosaic by Castello ) is the grave of Mozart's Widow (d. 1842).To the N. of the Platzl is the Dreifaltigkeitsgasse, leading to thelong Mirabell - Platz. Here on the left stands Schloss Mirabell( Pl. 24), rebuilt after a fire in 1818, formerly the archiepiscopal residence, and now the property of the town . Behind it lies theMirabell Garden , laid out in the old French fashion , embellished with marble statues , and containing an Aviary of European and foreign birds , the property of the Ornithological Society (adm . 10 kr. ) .On the S. side (passage to the Makart-Platz) is the restaurant men tioned at p . 244 .Schloss Mirabell is adjoined on the N. by the well-kept Muni cipal Park, containing a handsome Curhaus and Bath -House (con certs , see p. 244) . — To the left , on the Elisabeth- Quai , is situated the Protestant Church ( P1. 18a), a modern Romanesque edifice by Götz (1867) .In the Linzergasse on the right bank , about 200 paces from the bridge, and recognisable by its large stone portal , is the entrance to the * Capuzinerberg ( 2132 ft. ). The Capuchin Monastery (Pl . 19)is reached by means of 250 stone steps (visitors ring; 3 kr.); thence to the top of the hill 400 steps more . On the left stands the 'Mozart häuschen' , in which Mozart completed his “ Zauberflöte ' in 1791 .After 10 min . a direction-post on the left indicates the way to the Aussicht nach Bayern ', a point which commands a fine view of the plains of Bavaria. About 2 min . farther another direction - postshows the way to the ( 5 min. ) ' Obere Stadt-Aussichť , affording an admirable *View of the town and fortress, and the Hochstaufen ,Untersberg, and Berchtesgaden mountains . In 5 min. more we reach the Francisci Schlössl ( or Capuziner Schlössl), an old bastion on the E. side of the hill, 683 ft. above the Salzach, and also commanding a very extensive prospect (restaurant). Those who do not care to climb so high may enjoy the view from the monastery - garden (menonly admitted) , or from the ' Erste Stadt- Aussicht', reached by descending to the right immediately within the gate .The château and park of Aigen , the property of Prince Schwar zenberg, at the foot of the Gaisberg , 3 M, to the S.E. of Salzburg,Environs, SALZBURG . 38. Route. 249are also worth visiting. Morning - light best for the view; the finest point is the Kanzel. At the entrance to the grounds (3/4 M. from the station) is a * Restaurant, where a guide (30 kr.) may beprocured.The *Gaisberg (4220 ft.; a walk of 21/2 hrs.; horse 5, there and back 9 fl.) is the finest point of view near Salzburg. The most direct and easiest ascent is by ( 1/2 hr. ) the Apothekerhöfe, at the N.W. foot of the hill. The path then ascends to the left to (3/4 hr. ) the Gersberg or Zeisbery Alpe ( * Inn ), and proceeds thence in zigzags through wood on the N. side to the ( 1 hr. ) summit (*Hotel; adm .to the tower 20 kr. ) , a grassy plateau with two eminences, com manding a charming view of the Salzburg Alps and of the plain ,in which seven different lakes may be descried . - The path which was formerly most used diverges to the right at the Apotheker höfe , and leads past the Judenbergerhöfe to ( 1 '/2 hr. ) the Zistel Alp (3230 ft.; Restaurant), whence the summit may be reached in 3/4 hr.The imperial château of Hellbrunn, 3 M. to the S. of Salzburg ,with gardens and fountains in the style of the 17th and 18th centuries, is a very popular resort on Sundays and holidays. * Restau rant. The fountains play on Sundays gratis; fee on other days 50 kr.About 3/4 M. to the S.W. of Salzburg is the château of Leopoldskron ,with a large fish - pond and Swimming Bath (p . 244). From this point the extensive Leopoldskroner Moos stretches southwards to the base of the Untersberg . On the ' Moos- Strasse' , which runs through the moor to Glaneck, are a group of 200 houses inhabited by peat- cutters , and the ' Moog- Bäder' or peat-baths mentioned at p. 244.To the N. , on the right bank of the Salzach, rises the conspicuouspilgrimage-church of Maria -Plain ( 13/4 hr. ), commanding the most exten sive * View near Salzburg; evening-light most advantageous ( poor restaurant). Klesheim , a château of Archduke Charles Lewis, with a beautiful park, situated in the plain towards the N.W. , near the Saalach ,commands a good survey of the environs (road through the suburb of Mülln , passing Maxglan , 3 M. ) .The Untersberg, the most conspicuous mountain in the environs of Salzburg, culminates in three peaks, the Geiereck ( 5909 ft . ), the Salz burger Hohethron (6073 ft.), and the Berchtesgadener Hohethron ( 6480 ft . ) .Ascent, see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.From Salzburg to Berchtesgaden ( Königssee ), Hallein and Golling,the Salzburg and Tyrol Railway, etc. , see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.39. From Vienna to Gratz .141 M. RAILWAY. Express trains in 51/2-61/4 hrs. ( fares 15 d . 9, 71 .60 kr.) , ordinary in 9 hrs . ( fares 12 fl. 62, 9 fl . 50, 6 f. 34 kr.). Sleeping compartments, 50 per cent dearer than 1st cl., must be ordered 1 hr. be fore the train starts . Views generally to the left.A glimpse at this remarkable railway may be obtained by proceeding as far as Mürzzuschlag, and returning the same day ( return -tickets issued in summer), but an excursion of three days will be found far more in teresting: 1st. Railway to stat. Semmeriný, ascend the Sonnenwendstein,proceed to Mürzzuschlag in the evening; 2nd . By Neuberg to Mürzstey,walk to the Todte Weib, return to Neuberg in the evening; 3rd, Carriage250 Route 39.NEUSTADT. From Viennato the Nassbauer, and by Nassberg and Nasswald to the Singerin; walk in the afternoon through the Höllenthal to Reichenau and Payerbach; return to Vienna by express train in the evening. See Baedeker's Eastern Alps.From Vienna to (16 M. ) Baden , see R. 35. A little beyondBaden the ruins of Rauhenstein and Rauheneck are visible on the hills to the right, with the château of Weilburg and the Helenen thal between them (see p . 230). The broad plain to the left, sprinkled with villages , is bounded by the Leitha Mts. Near ( 181/2 M.)Vöslau (800 ft.; * Hôtel Back ) the best Austrian wine is produced.A large pond in the park of Count Fries, fed by a thermal spring,contains water at a constant temperature of 75º Fahr. The swim ming and other baths here are much frequented .Excursion to (11/2 hr.) *Merkenstein , with a ruined castle, a château,and a belvedere in the park. Small * Inn kept by the forester (good Vöslauer' ) . Thence to the Eiserne Thor ( 2785 ft. ) , an admirable point of view , 2 hrs. (see p . 230 ).Near (21 M.) Leobersdorf ( 870 ft.; * Adler), the barren Schnee berg is conspicuous on the right. About 1 M. to the E. is Schönau ,with a beautiful park. Branch -lines to (461/2 M.) St. Pölten (p . 234)and to ( 231/2 M.) Gutenstein ( see Baedeker's Eastern Alps).26 . Felixdorf. Near Theresienfeld ( a home for invalid officers founded by Maria Theresa in 1763) are extensive fields of maize.31 M. Wiener - Neustadt (930 ft.; Hirsch, Kreuz, Rössl) , the birthplace of the Emperor Maximilian I. , was almost entirely de stroyed by fire in 1834, and is now an important manufacturing town with 23,468 inhabitants.The Parish Church, with two lofty spires, is partly Romanesque (nave , 13th cent.) and partly Gothic ( choir and transept , 1455 ).On the E. side of the town stands the ancient ducal Castle of the Babenberg family, built in 1192, and altered by Emp.Frederick III .in 1457. Over the entrance is a statue (of 1453) of Frederick III . , whose favourite motto A. E. I. O. U. (“Austria erit in orbe ultima',or " Austriæ est imperare orbi universo' ) is inscribed on different parts of the walls. The building was converted into a military academy (400 pupils ) by Maria Theresa in 1752. — The Rathhaus contains à magnificent silver tankard, 2 ft. in height, executed to commemorate the reconciliation of Frederick III . and Matthew Corvinus of Hungary; other mementoes of the same period are alsoshown.From Neustadt to Oedenburg, Steinamanger, and Mohács, see R. 57.To the right beyond Neustadt the Schneeberg is visible from the summit nearly to the base; to the left the Leitha Mts. Large fields of maize, and then pine-woods are passed. On the hills to the left in the distance stands the well -preserved château of * Sebenstein ,the property of Prince Liechtenstein , which contains a collection of weapons, and commands a fine view. 35 M. St. Egyden; 39 M. Neunkirchen ( 1200 ft.; Hirsch ), a manufacturing place . Scenery picturesque and varied . At (421/2 M. ) Ternitz, with a large steel foundry , the train crosses the Sirning bach. The next station isto Gratz . SEMMERING. 39. Route. 251

Pottschach , with manufactories . 47 M. Gloggnitz (1426 ft.; * Alpenhorn; * Adler; Rössl), at the base of the Semmering. To the left on the height is the castle of Wartenstein . Schloss Gloggnits on a hill, a Benedictine abbey down to 1803, is now the seat of the district - authorities.The * Semmering Railway, which begins at Gloggnitz ,theoldest of the continental mountain - railways, was constructed by Herr von Ghega in 1848-53, and is remarkable for the boldness of its engineering and the grandeur of the scenery it traverses. Between Gloggnitz and Mürzzuschlag, a distance of 35 M., there are 15 tun nels and 16 viaducts . The maximum gradient is 1:40. The line reaches its highest point(2950 ft.)in the long tunnel. The construc tion of this part of the line cost about 59,0001. per English mile.The train now ascends . Schloss Gloggnitz presents a handsome appearance; in the valley flows the green Schwarzau, near which is the extensive paper-manufactory of Schlöglmühl. On the left rises the Sonnenwendstein with its three peaks; to the W. in the back ground the Raxalp. The line then describes a wide circuit round the N. slope of the mountain to (541/2 M.) Payerbach ( 1512 ft .; *Mader; Railway Restaurant, with beds) .To Reichenau and the Höllenthal, with ascents of the Schneeberg andthe Raxalp , see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.Beyond Payerbach the train crosses the valley of Reichenau by aviaduct of thirteen arches, 300 yds. long and 60 ft. high, and then ascends (gradient 1:40) the S. slope of the valley. The paper manufactory again becomes visible far below, while the Raxalp still forms the background to the W. Two short tunnels; to the left an ex tensive view over the plain . Gloggnitz now lies 558ft. below the line.The train next skirts the Gotschakogl (two tunnels) . On a rocky pinnacle at stat. Klamm ( 2254 ft.) rises an old castle of Prince Liechtenstein , once the key of Styria , but now half destroyed .Far below runs the old Semmering road , with several manufactoriesand the white houses of Schottwien in a ravine. Beyond the next tunnel a picturesque retrospect of the castle of Klamm. Farther on,a fine view is obtained of the deep valley with its rocky walls .The train traverses a long gallery, with apertures for light, and abridge, skirting the Weinzettelwand, and reaches stat . Breitenstein ( 2540 ft.). Two more tunnels . It then crosses the Kalte Rinne by a viaduct 310 yds. long and 150 ft. high , and ascends in awide sweep ( fine retrospect) to the last large viaduct ( 175 yds . long,90 ft. high ), which spans the Untere Adlitzgraben .After three more tunnels the train stops at ( 701/2 M.) Sem mering (2840 ft.; Semmering - Bauer ), reached in 11/ 4-13/4 hr . from Gloggnitz . A inonument to Karl von Ghega , the constructor of the railway (see above ), has been erected on the rocks to the right.About 3/4 M. to the E., in a fine situation , is the new * Südbahn Hôtel Semmering (3280 ft . ). On the high -road , 3/4 M. from the>7252 Route 39. BRUCK . From Vienna>station , is the * Erzherzog Johann Inn , situated at the highest point of the road (3216 ft. ). Near it is a monument to Emperor Charles VI. , the maker of the road .The line now avoids a farther ascent of 276 ft . by means of astraight tunnel , 1570 yds. in length , which penetrates the Sem mering, the boundary between Austria and Styria. The middle of the tunnel is the culminating point (2950 ft.) , whence the train descends rapidly. From Steinhaus onwards the line is carried high up along the N. side of the picturesque Fröschnitzthal by means of embankments and cuttings. 78 M. Spital (2520 ft.; Schwan;Hirsch ).821/2 M. Mürzzuschlag (2200 ft.; * Erzherzog Johann; *Adler;Post; * Rail. Restaurant, R. 1 fl . 20 kr . ) , an old town with iron works, picturesquely situated on the Mürz, is now frequented as asummer - resort ( Kurhaus ). Excursion to Mariazell, see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.The line follows the pleasant, pine - clad valley of the Mürz,which contains a number of iron- forges . Near (87 M.) Langenwang (2113 ft. ), the ruin of Hohenwang or Scherfenburg is seen on aheight to the left , and to the right is the château of Neu - Hohen wang. 89 M. Krieglach; 911/2 M. Mitterdorf, with a manufactory of small arms . To the right , at the mouth of the Veitschthal, isthe château of Püchl, with its four towers , and farther on , near Wartberg , the ruin of Lichtenegg. The train makes a wide sweep round the Wartberg -Kogel, crossing the Mürz twice , and reaches (961/2 M.) Kindberg ( 1820 ft. ) , commanded by the handsome châ teau of Oberkindberg. 1011/2 M. Marein. 1051/2 M. Kapfenberg (1580 ft.; Ramsauer), with Schloss Unterkapfenberg, and to the left, high above us , the picturesque ruin of Oberkapfenberg (2313 ft . ) . At the entrance to the Thörlthal, 3/4 M. to the W. , lies Bad Stei nerhof (pine- cone baths). Near Bruck rises the ancient castle of Landskron .1081/2 M. Bruck (1585 ft.; * Bernauer, at the station; Lamm;Adler), at the confluence of the Mürz and the Mur, is the junction for St. Michael, Villach, and Udine; see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.The train now enters the narrow valley of the Mur. At (115 M.)Pernegg ( *Linde) is a large château of the Princess of Oettingen Wallerstein ( 1532 ), and above it an interesting castle of earlier date . Near ( 118 M.) Mixnitz ( *Schartner) is an extensive stalactitecavern . 125 M. Frohnleiten (Stadt Strassburg) , with its forgesand a hydropathic establishment . To the right of the railway is the château of Pfannberg, and on an eminence to the left are the ruins of the castle of the same name. The castle of Rabenstein , recently restored and containing some interesting antiquities, rises on arock to the right. The valley now expands for a short distance, and then contracts to a narrow defile, through which the line is carried along the Badelwand by means of a gallery of 35 arches (440 yds.>>1BD Taner gutenMCNES22TOTAGütershupObethed谢 尊Jnstitzhl.Vinceps3senstLendPlatz2018SüdBahnkpool1.03BalmMAGEEggenbergersttachoMITIMIT5 KollacherBahnhofдецаPl. TitedtaUnger Steinfelder Friedhof 1053minNeuthoremet3751 ideememerGriesG. KornAND OLER Truiest StemanHoferA BGeograph. Anstalt vonFCRAZ .GMaassstab 1:21, 900100 200 300 600 500 600 700MeterN MMGAZEERAN6.Physikalisch . Instshiversitate2Clins .lathozTORTOCcheSUTStadtbezirke.Stadt: Farbenränder der Tafeln roth

• Jakorini , gelb - Geidorf: Blau

D Lend: braunstrin Karlan: grünBahnhöfe.2 1. Süd Bahnhof A.412.Koflacher Bahnhof A.5.3.4.Bury E.4( 5.Casernen C.3.2.C.5 Denkmäler .6 , ErzherzogJohann E.5.7. Franz I. E.48. Schiller F. 4.5 39.Waden , Feldzaugm . (vord.Schweizerhaus)K3 10 , Gemäldegallerie E. 511.Glockenthurm D.312 Joanneum E. 5 .Kirchen .13.BarmherzigerK. 1.4.14.Dominikaner K. C.5 15. Dom K E.416.Evangelischek . F. 5 .17. Franziskaner K. D.4 18.Graben K. E.119.Laborer K. B.3 20.Lech K F.3 31.Mariahilfer K. 1.4.22. PantasK. E.44 23. Stadtpfarrk .. E. 524.Ursuliner K D.4,| 25,Krankenhaus,allgem . 1.3,26 Jandhans E.527.Mansoleam 1.4 28. Patholog Institut E.3.29,Physiolog Institut 1.2.330 Post 1.5.31. Rathhaus 6.4 Theater6 32 Landschaftl.The E.33.Stadt Th . F. 5 .34 / htrihaum E.4 35.Universität 1.4)EXEBurgRingRingbeTernoLudwigHolzP.LaPosteut.109eel"CarlJakomin VIAGersdorf 3862 30 kerischatassenorkottfosomiaGasseAtosterwierGOTICWinleeHôtels .a.ElefantErzherz. Johann c . Drei Rabena Floriane . Kaiserkronef.Stadt Friest1.4.D.E.4 C.41.5.1.4 9:F.5GWagner &Deben, Leipzig

to Gratz. GRATZ . 39. Route. 2537។long ). Above the railway runs the high - road. At ( 129 M.) Peggau ,the Schöckel is seen to the left . Opposite, at the mouth of the Uebelbach , lies the small town of Feistritz, with lead and copper smelting-works . The train now crosses the Mur. 132 M. Klein - Stübing, with ahandsome modern château; 1341/2 M. Gratwein (1295 ft.; Fischer wirth ). Near ( 136 M.) Judendorf, on an eminence to the right, lies Maria - Strassengel, a picturesque Gothic pilgrimage - church of 1355,with an open tower. The castle of Gösting on the right, the pro perty of Count Attems, is a favourite resort of the Gratzers . Theline now enters a fertile basin, where the isolated Schlossberg , or castle - hill , of Gratz rises on the left , with the capital of Styria at its base .141 M. Gratz. ) - Hotels. On the right bank of the Mur, near the suspension -bridge, 3/4 M. from the station: *ELEPHANT ( Pl. a), R. 1 fl.20, A. 35 , L. 40 kr.; *OESTERREICHISCHER Hof, Annenstrasse; FLORIAN (Pl. d );

• GOLDNES Ross and Sonne, Mariahilf-Str.; DANIEL, at the station; GOLD NER ENGEL, in the Gries; Drei RABEN (Pl.c), Annenstrasse, near the station;
• GOLDNER Löwe . On the left bank: * ERZHERZOG JOHANN (Pl. b) , R.

from 1 fl. , L. 20, A. 45 kr., also a restaurant; *RIES ( Stadt Triest , Pl. f ),Jakomini-Platz; KAISER-KRONE (Pl. e) , Färbergasse; UNGARISCHE KRONE,Landhausgasse; Goldne Birn, Leonhard -Str .Cafés . Europa and Pöll, Herrengasse; Nordstern, Sporgasse; Mercur,Hauptplatz; Schuster, Carl-Ludwigsring, by the theatre, and many others.Confectioners ( ices): Grünzweig, Sporgasse; Hasserück, atthe theatre.Restaurants (beer). * Rail. Restaurant; Pastete ,Sporgasse; * Neu -Graz, Real schulgasse; Bierjackl, Sackstrasse; Pilsner Keller, Ballhausgasse; Sand wirth , in the Gries. Military music several times weekly at the Punti gamer Bierhalle, in the Georgigasse,and at Japl's, in the Gries. Wine.Admonterhof, near the Paradies; * Kleinoscheg (room in the old German style) , Herrengasse; Bacchus Keller , Römischer König, Sporgasse. The best wines of Styria are Luttenberger , Pickerer, Kerschbacher, Sandberger, and Nachtigaller. The turkeys and capons of Styria are highly esteemed. Gratz biscuits ( " Gratzer Zwieback") at Sorger's, Mur-Platz, etc. Baths. Military Swimming Bath , above the upper suspension -bridge( 10 kr.; towels extra ); Wastian, Tegetthoffgasse 11; Förster , Brandhofgasse.Military Music twice weekly , either in the Stadtpark, on the Hilm teich , or on the Schlossberg .Post Office , Jakomini-Platz. Telegraph Office, Paradiesgasse, near the suspension -bridge,Theatres . Landes- Theater (Pl. 32 ), Franzensplatz, daily; Stadt- Theater ( Pl . 33), Carl-Ludwigs-Ring, well fitted up (operettas, etc. , thrice a week) .Cabs. Two-horse 60 kr. for the first 1/2 hr., 1 fl . for 1 hr., 50 kr. for each additional 1/2 hr.; one -horse 30 kr. for the first 1/4 hr., 50 kr. for the first "/2 hr., 80 kr. for 1 hr. , 20 kr. for each additional 1/4 hr. To orfrom the station: middle of the town , one -horse 70 kr. , two- horse 1 fl .; Mursuburb (right bank) 50 or 80 kr.Tramway (10 kr. per drive) from the principal station (Südbahnhof)to the Hauptplatz , and thence to the Jakomini-Platz and the Geidorf-Platz.Branches diverge to the Industrie-Halle and through the Leonhard- Str. to the vicinity of the Hilmteich .Gratz ( 1168 ft. ), the capital of Styria, with about 100,000 in hab. , picturesquely situated on both banks of the Mur, which iscrossed by five bridges, is one of the pleasantest and least expen sive of the Austrian provincial capitals, and is the residence of1) For a fuller account of Grata, see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.254 Route 39. GRATZ.2numerous retired officers , including no fewer than sixty generals.The old fortifications have recently been removed to make way for the handsome Ringstrasse ( Burg - Ring, Carl - Ludwigs - Ring) with its avenues, adorned with a Bust of Schiller, by Gasser. Adjoining the Ring- Strasse is the * Stadtpark , charmingly laid out in the Eng lish style , and embellished with two handsome fountains. In the vicinity are the extensive new Anatomical & Physiological Insti tute and the Physical and Chemical Institutions.The * Schlossberg , 400 ft. above the Mur, towers above the town. The fortifications, constructed in the 15th cent. to protect the town against the Turks, were blown up by the French in 1809.The noble prospect from this height is justly celebrated . The val ley of the Mur and the populous basin , surrounded by mountains of the most beautiful forms, present a highly picturesque scene .On the S. side of the Schlossberg stands the handsome Clock Tower. The plateau in front of the Swiss house is adorned with a Statue of General Welden (d . 1853) in bronze . On the upper terrace are a belfry and two boards indicating the principal points in the view (restaurant ). The Schlossberg is ascended on the E. side , from the Carmeliter- Platz: the road passes through an arch way under the house No. 1 (with the inscription ' Am Fuss des Schlossbergs' ), and passes the clock-tower. On the N. side the hill is ascended from the Wickenburg- Strasse (Pl. D, 2 ).The Cathedral (Pl. 15), a Gothic structure of 1446 (the copper roof of the tower added in 1663) , has an interesting W. Portal;the interior contains little of special interest, The Mausoleum( Pl . 27), adjoining the Cathedral, was erected for himself by Emp.Ferdinand II (d. 1637).In the neighbouring Franzens - Platz is the Landes - Theater (Pl. 32) , in front of which rises a bronze Statue of Francis I. ( Pl. 7), in the robe of the Golden Fleece, designed by Marchesi.The Parish Church (Pl . 23) , in the Herrengasse, a building of the 15th cent. , with an interior in the Gothic style, contains a high altar -piece by Tintoretto , representing the Assumption and Coronation of the Virgin. The Marienkirche ( Pl. 19) , in the Mariengasse , a handsome Gothic church, was completed in 1862. The Leechkirche (Pl. 20) , a small but tasteful Gothic structure ( 13th cent. ),contains ancient stained glass .The Landhaus (Pl . 26) , or Hall of the Estates, in the Herren gasse , the busiest street in the town , with the best shops , was erected in 1569, and is now the seat of the provincial authorities.Interesting portal with two balconies , to the right of which is acurious painted notice , dating from 1588, cautioning those who enter against quarrelling or 'drawing their daggers or bread - knives'.The first court , with the arcades and a finely - executed bronze foun tain of the 16th cent. , is particularly pleasing. The interesting old Arsenal (1644) , adjoining the Landhaus on the S. , is kept in72GRATZ, 39. Route. 255the same condition as it was 200 years ago , so that an army of8000 men might be equipped from its stores with weapons and armour of the 17th century . (Apply to the custodian of the Land haus. )The HAUPTPLATZ is embellished with a bronze Statue of Archduke John (d . 1859) , by Pönninger, erected in 1878. On the 8.side of the Platz is the Rathhaus (Pl . 31), erected in 1807.The * Joanneum (Pl. 12) , founded in 1811 by Archduke John for the promotion of agriculture and scientific education in Styria,is now the property of the state , and used as a technical college (Polytechnikum ).The Natural History Museum ( admission gratis on Tues. 2-4 , Thurs. 10-12 , and Sun. 11-1 o'clock; at other times for a fee of 70 kr. ) , espe cially the mineralogical department, is valuable and admirably arranged.The Cabinet of Coins and Antiquities contains a rich collection of coins and medals, and a numberof interesting Celtic antiquities, Roman tomh stones , mile-stones, etc. TheBotanical Garden contains a bust of the botanist Mohs ( d. 1839). The Library consists of about 80,000 vols.The Picture Gallery (Pl. 10) of the Estates (Sun. 11-1 o'clock;on other days 50 kr. ) contains little to detain the traveller.ENVIRONS. The following short excursion is recommended: Ascendthe Rosenberg (1570 ft.), as far as the (1 hr.) Stoffbauer; thence ascend the (3/4 hr. ) Platte (2135 ft.) , an admirable point of view; then descend to (1/2 hr.) Maria -Grün ( 1460 ft. ), ascend the ( 1/2 hr. ) Hilmteich , and return to Gratz in '/2 hr. more. Other favourite points: the Rainerkogi ( 1645 ft.;1 hr.) , affording the best survey of Gratz; Andritz- Ursprung (2 hrs.);Maria - Trost (1540 ft.; 11/2 hr. ) , a pilgrimage-church; château and hydro pathic establishment of Eggenberg (3/4 hr. ); by the ruin of Gösting (1 hr.;near the ruin the Jungfernsprung, rising abruptly from theMur) to ( 2 hrs.)Thal. Longer excursions ( Schöckel , Toblbad , Buchkogl, Schwanberg Alps,etc.) , see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.FROM GRATZ TO RAAB AND STUHLWEISSENBURG ( Buda -Pest), railway viâ St. Gotthard (as far as Steinamanger in 6 hrs .; fares 7 fl. 13 , 5 fl. 35 , 3 fi ,56 kr. ) . From the sixth station , (33 M.) Feldbach , a diligence ( 80 kr.;carr. 4fl .) runs in 11/2 hr. to (61/2 M.) Bad Gleichenberg (3-4000 visitors annually) , the watersof which were known to the Romans (800,000 bottles exported annually ). The broad valley in which the baths are situated is laid out in pleasure - grounds, and contains numerous hotels ( Vereinshaus;Villa Höflinger; Stadt Mailand; Stadt Venedig; Stadt Würzburg) and villas ( good survey from the ‘ Paraplui'). The Constantinsquelle, a saline water,free from iron , is beneficial in pulmonary complaints. The Klausenbrun nen and Johannisbrunnen , 3 M. distant , are both chalybeate springs. On a rock, inaccessible on three sides, rises the ancient castle of Gleichenberg,where witches were tried and burned in the middle ages. To the N. issituated ( 2 hrs. ) the conspicuous Riegersburg , 400 ft. above the Raab, astronghold which bade defiance to repeated attacks of the Turks. A wind ing path hewn in the rock ascends to the castle , which is entered by seven different gates . The chapel contains the vaults of the Counts of Purgstall and an altar- piece by Krafft. Superb view.40. From Gratz to Trieste.228 M. RAILWAY. Express trains in 9 hrs. (fares 23 fl.38, 17 fl. 87, 12 f .15 kr. ); ordinary trains in 14 hrs. ( fares 20 fl. 48 , 15 fl. 12, '10 f. 16 kr. ) . Gratz , see p . 253. The train proceeds through the broad valley of the Mur, at some distance from the river. 4M. Puntigam;on a hill to the right rises the castle of Premstätten; on the left,256 Route 40.MARBURG. From Gratzbeyond (8 M. ) Kalsdorf, the castle of Weissenegg. Near ( 15 M.)Wildon ( 1030 ft .) the Kainach is crossed; on the height above rise the ruins of Ober - Wildon ( 1480 ft. ); to the right is the Sausal-Gebirge. 161/2 M. Lebring. To the right, near ( 221/2 M.)Leibnitz , is the archiepiscopal château of Seckau. The train next crosses the Sulm and approaches the Mur. 27 M. Ehrenhausen ,with the château of that name, and the mausoleum of the princes of Eggenberg on a wooded height to the right. At Gamlitz, 11/2 M. to the W. , are the interesting library and museum of Prof. Ferk.281/2 M. Spielfeld , with a handsome château of Count Attems.The line now enters the mountainous district separating the Mur from the Drave, penetrating the watershed by the Egidi Tun nel (200 yds .; station ). Near (36 M.) Pössnitz it crosses the Pöss nitzthal by a viaduct 700 yds, in length. It then pierces the Pos ruck by means of a tunnel (660 yds. ), and descends to 401/2 M. Marburg (880 ft.; * Stadt Wien; * Erzherzog Johann;

• Mohr; Stadt Meran) , an important town with 17,628 inhab .,

the second in Styria, picturesquely situated on the Drave, and the junction of the lines to Villach and Franzensfeste (see Baedeker's Eastern Alps). To the S.W. extends the long vine and forest - clad Bacher-Gebirge.A pleasing view is obtained from the train as it crosses the Drave; on the right bank are the extensive locomotive-works of the S. Railway. Traversing a broad plain, with the slopes of the Bacher Mts. on the right , we next reach (481/2 M. ) Kranichsfeld , with an old château , and ( 52 M.) Pragerhof.FROM PRAGERHOF TO KANIZSA, 71 M. , railway in 3 hrs. ( fares 6 fl . 74,5 f . 8, 3 fl. 38 kr. ) . The line crosses the broad plain of the Drave ( to the right the Donatiberg, see below) towards the E., and then the river itself near ( 131/2 M.) Pettau, a small town with a handsome church of St. George of the 14th cent. (containing some good sculptures and wood-carving).The train then follows the left bank of the Drave . Stations Moschganzen ,Gross- Sonntag, Friedau (on the Drave) , Polstrau . 40 M. Csákathurn is asmall town belonging to Count Festetics; the once strongly -fortified châ teau of Count Zrinyi is now a sugar-manufactory.(About 71/2 M. to the S. of Csákathurn is Warasdin, a Croatian fron tier- town with 9000 inhab. on the right bank of the Drave , with an old château of Count Erdödi . The popular sulphur-baths of Teplitz, or Constantinsbad, the Thermae Constantinianae of the Romans, lie 9 M.to the S.E. of Warasdin (one-horse carriage from Csákathurn station in 21/2 hrs., 2 fl .) .]The line traverses the Mur- Insel, a fertile plain between the Mur and the Drave. Stations Kraljevecz, Kottori, where the Mur is crossed;then (61 M.) Mura Keresztúr and (71 ' M.) Kanizsa (p . 329).The train now enters a region of lower hills , and traverses two tunnels. 61 M. Pöltschach (Hôtel Baumann; Post), at the foot of the Wotsch (3218 ft. ).Diligence severaltimes daily to ( 91/2 M.) the Baths of Rohitsch , or Sauerbrunn -Rohitsch ( Kurhaus; apartments procurable), the water of which ,impregnated with carbonic acid gas, resembles that of Selters (500,000 bottles annually exported) . About 5 ' m. farther to the E. , on the Sottla or Sattlbach, which here forms the frontier of Croatia , lies MarktRohitsch ( Post ), at the foot of the conical Donatiberg (2900 ft.), the Mons Claudius of the Romans ( ascended by St. Georgen in 21/2 hrs .; splendid view ) .to Trieste . LAIBACH. 40. Route. 257

From Rohitsch the diligence goes on to (261/2 M.) \ rapina - Töplitz, in the Hungarian county of Warasdin , a watering-place with powerful mineral springe, specially efficacious in cases of gout and rheumatism . The water,of which there is a most copious supply ( 1,360,000 gals. per 24 hrs. ) , is almost entirely free from mineral ingredients.The German language is now replaced by a Slavonic or Wend dialect. The train winds through a sparsely -peopled district, inter sected by narrow valleys, and richly wooded . Several small stations and foundries are passed , and an extensive view of the Sannthal,a hilly, populous, and undulating plain , bounded by the Sulzbach Alps, is at length suddenly disclosed .821/2 M. Cilli (790 ft.; * Erzherzog Johann; Kaiserkrone; Löwe),an ancient town of some importance (5400 inhab . ), founded by Emp. Claudius ( Claudia Celeja ), attracts visitors by the pictur esqueness of its environs and its river-baths in the tepid Sann. The Josefiberg (985 ft.) commands a charming view, and the Nicolaiberg is a still finer point. On the wooded Schlossberg stands the ruin of Obercilli ( 1350 ft. ). Excursion to the Sulzbach or SannthalAlps, see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.The Baths of Neuhaus (1210 ft .;. * Kurhaus), frequented chiefly by ladies, lie 10/2 M. to the N.W. of Cilli, on the spurs of the Sulzbach Alps ( diligence twice daily in 2 hrs ., viâ Hohenegg and Neukirchen ). The thermal water resembles that of Pfäffers in Switzerland. Charming environs, and beautiful walks in every direction , particularly to the ruined Schlangen burg, with a picturesque and extensive view.The train crosses the green Sann twice, and enters the narrow and wooded valley of that stream . The most picturesque part of the whole line is between Cilli and Sava. 89 M. Markt - Tüffer (930 ft .), with the Franz - Josephs- Bad and a ruined castle . 94M. Römerbad (690 ft. ), Slav. Teplitza (i. e. ' warm bath'; 97°), the thermal springs of which are proved by inscriptions to have been known to the Romans, is a beautifully -situatedwatering - place with a good Kurhaus.971/2 M. Steinbrück (*Rail. Restaurant) is a thriving village on the Save or Sau, which here unites with the Sann.FROM STEINBRÜCK TO AGRAM , 47 M. , railway in 3 hrs. ( fares 4 fl. 33,3 A , 27, 2 1. 17 kr. ). Stations Lichtenwald , Reichenburg, Videm - Gurkfeld ,and Rann. Agram , and railway thence to Buda - Pest and Fiume, see p . 329.The train now follows the narrow valley of the Save, enclosed by lofty limestone cliffs , which often barely afford space for the river and railway Stations Hrastnig, Trifail (with a very exten sive coal-mine), Sagor (the first place in Carniola ), and Sava The valley now expands. At (118 M.) Littai the Save is crossed .Scenery still very picturesque. Štations Kressnitz, Laase. At the influx of the Laibach into the Save , the line quits the latter and enters the valley of the former. The lofty mountains to the N.W. are the Julian or Carnian Alps. 132 M, Salloch.137 M. Laibach (940 ft .; * Stadt Wien; Europa; * Elephant; * Rail.Restaurant), Slav. Ljubljana, on the Laibach, the capital of Car niola, with 26,284 inhab ., is situated in an extensive plain enBAEDEKER'S S. Germany. 5th Edit. 17258 Route 40. TRIESTE .From Gratz>closed by mountains of various heights . An old Castle, now used as a prison , rises above the town. The Cathedral, an edifice in the Italian style, is decorated with stucco mouldings and frescoes of the 18th century. Railway to Villach , see Baedeker's EasternAlps.The line now traverses the marshy Laibacher Moos by meansof an embankment, 11/2 M. in length , and crosses the Laibach,which becomes navigable here , although hardly 3 M. below the point where it issues from the rocks near Oberlaibach. Near( 151 M. ) Franzdorf the line crosses a lofty viaduct , and enters amore mountainous district. 160 M. Loitsch (1555 ft .; Post orStadt Triest). About 21 M. to the N.W. of Loitsch are the rich quicksilver-mines of Idria . 168 M. Rakek , 31/2 M, to the S.E.of which is the Zirknitzer See , enclosed by lofty mountains. Then ( 176 M.) Adelsberg (1798 ft.; * Hôtel Adelsberg; * Krone), Slav.Postójna, a summer - resort of the Triesters .The celebrated *STALACTITE CAVERNS , known in the middle ages, and accidentally re- discovered in 1816, are 344 M. to the W. of Adelsberg. The fees are fixed by tariff, and are somewhat high for a single visitor (from 3 fl. to 21 fl . , according to the illumination ) , but less when shared by aparty. Brilliant illumination is necessary in order to produce a satis factory effect. A visit to the grotto occupies 2-21/ 2 hrs. Temperature 48 °Fahr. Entrance 1 M. from the station. Fuller particulars, see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.The train now traverses a dreary , inhospitable plain , strewn with blocks of limestone, called the Karst ( Ital. Carso, Slav. Kras ),extending from Fiume to Gorizia. The train ( 2 hrs. by express from Adelsberg to Trieste) threads its way through this wilderness of stones, crosses the Poik at ( 179 M.) Prestranek , and beyond ( 184 M.) St. Peter (branch-line to Fiume) passes through six tun nels. Stations Lesece, Divazza ( branch - line to Pola ), Sessana( 1627 ft . ) . The train descends to Prosecco and (216 M.) Nabresīna (* Rail . Restaurant, with rooms; Hôtel Böswirth), where the line to Venice by Udine diverges (see Baedeker's Northern Italy ), and affords a magnificent *View of the blue Adriatic, Trieste, and the Istrian coast (views to the right). The slopes are planted with olives, fig - trees, and trellised vines. - 221 M. Grignano, the last station , is not more than 11/2 M. below Prosecco in a straight di rection . On the Punta Grignana , which here projects into the sea , stands the handsome château of Miramar (p. 262; station ).Before reaching (228 M.) Trieste the train enters a tunnel, 906 ft.in length, which terminates at the station.Trieste . Arrival. The handsome RAILWAY STATION lies to the N.of the town, about 2 M. from the Exchange. Hôtel Omnibuses 30-40 kr.; Cab 50, with two horses 1 fl . 20 kr. ( from midnight to 6 a.m. 80 or 1 f .60 kr. ). Each trunk 10-15 kr.; small packages free.Hotels. * HÔTEL DE LA VILLE (Pl. a; E, 4 ), Riva Carciotti 3, on the quay, R. 11/2-5 fl.; *HÔTEL DELORME , Via al Teatro 2 , opposite the ex change, R. 11/2 fl. , L. & A. 60 kr.; Europa (Pl. c; C , 3), Piazza della Ca / M. from the station, R. 1-11/2 fl .; AQUILA NERA, Via S. Spiridione germa23 713?2E.iBETRIESTE .Rossi300 100 OspitalecipileKECLBaseAmalia8pirateTETERSTONEWatasCON COMASRALegna1: 16,700100 200MotorLAccademia reale di Nauticacon Biblioteca civica civico MuseoFerdinandoMaximiliano 6.5 2.Arco di Ricardo F.4 3.Arsenale del Lloyd d'aust Tico.. H.64.Borsa E"5.Canale grande D34 6.Cabinetto Letterario di liner -DQ con propria biblioteca ELChiese,7. LAntonio nuovo 1.38. Cattedrale S.Giusto E.39. SMaria Maggiore F.410.Sficolo dei Greci 11. Municipio12. Dogana nuova CD4 13. EdeficiodellaSanità 15 314 Lazzaretto nuovo A625. vecchio H616. Museo municipale d'antichita Montumenlo Winkelmann F.3 17. Ospeciale cwile . D 118. Pritarro turciotto D. 19. Peschierce E5 20. Stazione della strada ferrata B5ИтаWHENAMILAPiazzaa'ArmiATorrenteCasermadetW Wascoma 7 1.2 tonoPiazgaldella cucamnizaCasema VETUTE Spirit( OTSDogana (Torials Pontehossd pudi DrömRiva della Posta ロロロロ BoscopeStazionedellaStradaferrataStradalukadataAPA621.គឺ៖7PORTONU OVOincostruzioneА BD EGeograph . Anstalt vonPer Gorinis TuanG ILodPERLULure glerAZ GECaraKropecceppenPovier VUNNITTanTabor Dirazza OrlangMatreyma TILAMLormig TootaySoonico S. 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CA 900 MolositeDJAndreaTeatri:ondeo Comune..uroner D.2odramatico E.3monia 1.2igesteum E.Picio da postat 1.3 Potinia4EllaLippona . 11.6RuraHWagner Debes, Leipzig

to Trieste. TRIESTE. 40. Route. 25942, with good restaurant; ALBERGO DANIEL ( Pl. e;E, 4 ), with a good restau rant on the ground floor;STADT WIEN ( Città di Vienna ), Via S. Niccolò 11 .

• HÔTEL GARNI, Piazza Grande 5 , with baths, R. 1-3 A. The Sardone,

Branzino, Tonina, and Barbone are good sea-fish. Prosecco is a half- effer vescing wine like that of Asti; Refosco, a dark sweet wine; the ordinary wines are Terrano and Istriano, usually drunk mixed with water .Cafós. * Litke and Degli Specchi, Piazza Grande; Al Vecchio Tommaso,near the Hôtel de la Ville; Tergesteo and Teatro, in the Tergesteo, Piazza del Teatro; Stella Polare; Caffè Adriatico , near the post-office. Restaurants. * Puntigamer Bierhalie , Via S. Niccolò 5; Steinfelder Bierhalle ,Piazza della Borsa 12; Berger', Via S. Niccolò 15; Cervo d'Oro , Corsia Stadion 21; Belvedere, in the old town below the castle (approached by the Vicolo S. Chiara ), with good view from the garden . - Osterie in the Italian style: All Adriatico, Via di Vienna 918; Bissaldi, on the Canal Grande .Cabs. From the station to the town , see above; from the town to the station 40 or 80 kr. Per 1/4 hr., one - horse 30, two - horse 45 kr. ,1/2 hr. 60 or 80 kr., 3/4 hr. 75 or 1 f . 10 kr ., 1 hr. 1 fl. or 1 fl. 40 kr. , each additional 1/4 hr. 20 ‘or 30 kr., at night 10 kr. more per 1/4 hr.; luggage 15 kr. Tramway from the station, past the Tergesteo , andthrough theCorso to the Giardino Pubblico , the Boschetto , and the Campo Marzo ( fare 5-10 kr. ).Porters . Luggage not exceeding 110 lbs. , within the city, 20 kr.Steamboats to Muggia , Capo d'Istria, and Pirano, several times daily;small steamers to Parenzo, Rovigno , and Pola , daily. Steamboats of the Austrian Lloyd to Venice thrice, to Istria and Dalmatia thrice , to Fiume twice weekly; to Greece , Constantinople and the Levant, once weekly;direct to Alexandria every Friday; to Bombay monthly.Post Office , Pl. 26 ( D , 3 ), on the Canal Piccolo. Telegraph Office,Via dena Dogana, No. 926.Baths. Warm Baths at Oesterreicher's , Via Lazzaretto Vecchio 7,near the Artillery Arsenal, and at the Hôtel de la Ville , the Hotel Garni,Vapour Baths at Rikli's, in the street leading to the Boschetto.Sea - baths at the Bagno Maria, opposite the Hôtel de la Ville; Bagno Buch ler; Military Swimming Bath , below the lighthouse, to the left. Ferry to or from the baths 3 kr. (a single person 6 kr. ) . - Boats 1-11/ 2 fl. (per ora '.Theatres. Teatro Comunale ( Pl. 21) , opposite the Tergesteo; Teatro Filodrammatico ( Pl. 23 ), French and German plays sometimes performed;Armonia (Pl. 24 ), dramas and operas; Politeama Rossetti, on the Acquedotto.British Consul , Capt. Richard Burton , Piazza Barbacan (office - hours 9.30-12.30 and 2-4.30 ). American Consul, Col. J. E. Montgomery .English Church Service in the Via S. Michele at 11 a.m. and 6 p.m. Chaplain , Rev. Robi . O'Callaghan , Vicolo Sta. Lucia , Via Massimiliana .Trieste, the Tergeste of the Romans, and the principal seaport of Austria, with 72,000 inhab . ( or including the suburbs 133,383 ),lies at the N.E. end of the Adriatic Sea. It was made a free harbour by Emp. Charles VI. in 1719, and may be termed the Ham burg of S. Germany. About 14,000 vessels, of an aggregate burden of 21/4 million tons , enter and clear the harbour annually. The annual value of the imports is about 160 million florins, that of the exports 135 million florins. The population is very heterogeneous,but the Italian element predominates. About one - sixth of the inhabitants are Slavs , and there are only 4800 Germans.The Harbour is the centre of business, and the extensive new quays are approaching completion. The Lighthouse ( Fanale Marit timo; Pl. G, 7) on the S.W. Molo Teresa is 108 ft. high . On theetc. -17 *260 Route 40.TRIESTE.8. side of the Hôtel de la Ville is the "Greek Church (S. Niccold dei Greci, Pl. 10, E 4; divine service 6-8.30 a.m. and 5-7 p.m.),sumptuously fitted up in the interior. To the left of the Hôtel de la Ville is the Palazzo Carciotti, with a green dome . To the N.is the mouth of the Canal Grande ( P1. D, 3, 4 ) , completed in 1756 , which penetrates into the new town or Theresienstadt (354yds. long, 48 ft. wide) and is always filled with shipping. At the E. end of the canal rises the church of S. Antonio Nuovo (P1.7),erected by Nobile in 1830 in the Greek style.Adjoining the Molo S. Carlo, a pier begun in 1751 on the site of an ancient Roman mole , rises the Teatro Comunale (Pl . 21) .Opposite, in an open piazza, is the * Tergesteo (P1 . 25) , an exten sive block of buildings , on the outside of which are shops and offices, and in the interior a cruciform arcade roofed with glass.This arcade, with the adjoining rooms on the ground -floor, is used as an Exchange (principal business -hours 12-2). Visitors are ad mitted to the well - stocked Reading Room of the Exchange. The Tergesteo also contains the offices of the ' Austrian Lloyd ', a steam boat-company established in 1833, which carries on the postal ser vice and passenger -traffic between Austria and the E. Mediterra nean and India .Near the Tergesteo are the two busiest squares in Trieste, the Piazza della Borsa and the Piazza Grande. The Piazza della Borsa (Pl . E, 4), with the old Exchange, is embellished with a Groupof Neptune, in marble, and a Statue of Leopold I., erected in 1660.In the Piazza Grande (Pl . C, 4 ) is the new Municipio (Pl. 11),with the handsome hall of the Provincial Diet. In front of the Municipio is the Maria Theresa Fountain , erected in 1751 .The Via del Corso, the principal street of Trieste, which leads inland from these piazzas, separates the New Town, with its wide streets and handsome houses , from the Old Town. The latter ,nestling round the hill on which the castle rises , consists of narrow and steep streets , some of which are inaccessible to carriages . On the way from the Piazza Grande to the cathedral, to the left, is situated the Jesuits' Church (S. Maria Maggiore; Pl. 9,F, 4) , containing a large modern fresco by Sante. To the W.,few paces higher up, is the Piazzetta di Riccardo, named after Richard Cæur de Lion , who is said to have been imprisoned here after his return from Palestine . The Arco di Riccardo ( Pl. 2 ) is be lieved by some to be a Roman triumphal arch , but probably belonged to an aqueduct.Ascending the Via della Cattedrale, we soon reach on the right the entrance to the Museo Lapidario ( PI. 16; F, 3; custodian op posite, No. 16 , fee 16 kr. ) , an open - air collection of Roman anti quities from Trieste and Aquileia, in a disused burial- ground .Winckelmann , the famous German archæologist, who was murdered at Trieste in 1768, is buried here . A small temple contains a Monua7TRIESTE. 40. Route. 261ment to him , erected in 1832 , with an allegorical relief, and agenius with a medallion - portrait above . On each side of the mon ument are fragments of an Amazonian sarcophagus. At the lower end is the 'Glyptothek ’, containing an inscription from the pedestal of Fabius Severus , a decurio of Trieste , and a number of heads and other fragments of statues.The loftily - situated Cathedral of S. Giusto ( Pl.8; F, 3) occupies the site of an ancient Roman temple , part of the foundations and some of the columns of which are still visible by the tower. The present building was formed in the 14th cent. by the union of threecontiguous edifices of the 6th cent. , an early - Christian basilica, abaptistery, and a small Byzantine church with a dome. The façade is adorned with three busts of bishops in bronze . To the right and left of the portal are six busts in relief from Roman tombs. The interior is almost entirely whitewashed. In the altar - recess on the right is Christ between Ss. Justus and Servatius. In that to theleft is the Madonna between Gabriel and Michael, with the Apostles below (7th cent. ). Some of the capitals are antique , others Romanesque .Beneath a stone slab in front of the church is interred Fouché,Duc d'Otranto, the powerful minister of police of Napoleon I. (d.at Trieste in 1820) . The projecting terrace commands a fineview of the town and the sea.The hill above the cathedral is crowned by the Castle (Pl. F, 3),originally built in 1680 and frequently restored ( not accessible).In the Piazza Lipsia, which is laid out in promenades, is the Nautical Academy ( Pl. 1; G, 5) , on the second floor of which is the Ferdinand -Maximilian -Museum , containing a complete col lection of the fauna of the Adriatic (Sun. , Wed. , and Sat. 10-1) .On the opposite side of the court, also on the second floor, is the Municipal Museum (daily 9-1; fee 30 kr . ) , which contains terra cottas, vases, and other small antiquities, chiefly from Aquileia and Rudiæ , and a number of Egyptian and Cyprian relics. It also comprises a cabinet of ancient and modern coins, a collection of weapons, and various objects relating to the town of Trieste.At the corner of the Via della Sanità and the Piazza Giuseppina is the Palazzo Revoltella (Pl . G , 6) , handsomely fitted up and embellished with pictures and sculptures, which was bequeathed to the town by Baron Revoltella , together with a sum of money for its maintenance (admission daily, 11-2). The principal façade of the building, which was erected in 1857 from designs by Hitzig,looks towards the Piazza Giuseppina, which is embellished with a

• Monumentto Emperor Maximilian of Mexico ( d. 1867), in bronze,

designed by Schilling , and erected in 1875. The unfortunate prince , who was a rear - admiral in the Austrian navy, generally resided at Trieste before he undertook his ill - starred expedition to Mexico.>>262 Route 40. CAPO D'ISTRIA .7The Passeggio di 8. Andrea, an avenue 31/2 M. long , skirting the coast and commanding a series of fine views , leads on the E. side of the town , past the Villa Murat, the Lloyd Arsenal, and the Gas - Works, to Servõla (comp. Plan , I, 7-4). The extensive

• Wharves of the Lloyd Co. , opposite Servola (41/2 M. ) , may be visited daily , except holidays , Sundays , and between 11 and 1

o'clock (tickets obtained in the office at the Tergesteo) . On theroad to Zaule , famous for its oyster-beds , are the handsome Cemeteries.Another favourite resort is the Boschetto to the E. of the town,which is reached by the tramway traversing the Corso , the Piazza della Legna , and the Corsia Stadion , and passing the shady Giar dino Pubblico (10 kr. ). Shady walks ascend hence to the Villa Ferdinandea ( Restaurant al Cacciatore ), situated on a plateau 750 ft. above the sea. Adjacent is the Villa Revoltella , now the property of the town , with its park and chapel , commanding acharming view of the town, the sea, and the coast.EXCURSIONS. A very pleasant excursion (railway-station , see p. 258; carr. and pair 3 fl., boat 2 fl. ) may be made to the château of * Miramar, formerly the property of Emp. Maximilian of Mexico ( see above) , charmingly situated near Grignano, 5 M. to the N.W. of Trieste , and commanding a fine view of Trieste, the sea , and thecoast . The beautiful park is always open to the public. Thesumptuously - furnished château is shown to visitors (Sundays ex cepted ) on application to the steward . — Barcola ( Restaurant) is afavourite resort, halfway between Trieste and the château.Other excursions may be made to " Optschina ( 1035 ft.; Hôtel all’ Obe lisco) , 3 M. to the N. , with a beautiful view of the town and the sea; to Servola (see above); to the grotto of Corniale , 8 M. to the E.; and to Lipizza ( imperial stables ). A very interesting excursion , occupying awhole day (starting early in the morning ) , is by steamer (p. 259) to Mug gia; over the hill on foot (beautiful view from the top) to Oltre (1 hr .),thence by boat ( 15 kr. ) to Capo d'Istria (Città di Trieste; Radetzky; Caffè in the principal piazza ), an ancient town ( 7539 inhab .), the Roman Justi nopolis, on an island connected with the mainland by a stone embank ment. The chief objects of interest are the Cathedral , the Palazzo Pubblico , occupying the site of a temple of Cybele , and the extensive Salt Works. We now proceed by the road on the shore, passing Semedella, to ( 3 M.) Isola (good Refosco wine; p . 258 ) , and ( 6 m. farther) Pirano, and return to Trieste by steamer in the evening. About 2 M. from Pirano lies the sea - bathing place of S. Lorenzo , a handsome building in an ex tensive park.From Trieste to Venice, see Baedeker's Northern Italy; to Pola,Fiume, and Dalmatia, see Baedeker's Eastern Alps.IstaWwtonotoleaus .cGO RadlicgassenoHITELHorimir GtiehraderBahnhofPalia9Sis7Budliegasse分Platenice21.5.can.8-4p4KaiserPalatkaWieseRe Pferde - Westbahn Barvirka hor bahn 0D CFurth , Pilsen " Eger , Komotau 9Steinb5Stra A PICStrahowReichsthorBahnhof СBubentschDPohorelKaseriJoseph BubentschiFrangTriedne.spraakMDOiwemTandordwestbahnZaimWienuuPoděbradgstrsseBasenthalHer Nordwest BahnholkPergasseSchuffer.KAROLÍVEJCENTI-ALEk Yatayan MetinKFerddsKaserneuc1sseWienPar!Variété Theat.Staats-BahnŽ i žkabergA14.Juli1420Neratowitzer BahnProutkovas B ŽižkaPL.PIusgassekumus,GtimburkgaspokopProkopKRingBahnhof5MiminkapaternaRingNGS Basil enerst Platz Unter Casanstalt Reis .Paradies mankagarten Sklenarka SkalkaOberHl.Kreux Wyschinko Israelit .Wendelinka Friedh:PITumelPalackystrasseld.GEMEINDEtanka 6sspbkanka 1yassLetre's Gårter Canalscher Garten Tarukostetetzerstrasse geschkys RGEKukstuRingNigrinka 7Wrschowitzerstr;KomenskiengasseyWrschowic2: 28MINBOHEMIA.41. Prague.Hotels. * ENGLISCHER HOF , Porschitscher- Str . (Pl . G, H, 4 ), R. from 80 kr.; *HÔTEL DE SAXE, Hybernergasse ( PI. G , H , 4); Schwarzes Ross ,in the Graben; * BLAUER STERN , corner of the Graben and Hyberner- Str.(Pl. G, 4) , R. from 1 fl. These four are all near the main railway -station,and have a table- d'hôte. * BELGISCHER HOF , Breitegasse ( Pl. F , 5 , 6) .Second -class: * KAISER V. OESTERREICH , Porschitscher- Str. ( Pl. G , H , 4);

• GOLDNER ENGEL, Zeltnergasse (Pl . F , 4 ) , R. and L. 1 fl. 25 , A. 35 kr.;
• ERZHERZOG STEPHAN, Wenzels - Platz ( Pl. F, G, 5, 6 ), R. 90 , L. & A. 60 kr.

RAILWAY Hotel , opposite the exit from the railway -station ( Pl . G, 4);GOLDNE GANS, Wenzels- Platz (Pl. F , G, 5, 6); STADT CARLSBAD, Fisch markt. Most of the remarks about the hotels , fees , porters , etc., of Vienna apply equally to those of Prague (see pp. 175-180 ).Restaurants, etc. At the above hotels, and at all the stations. Also:

• Petzold , Zeltnergasse; Geissler , Regnemer (see below ) , in the Graben;

Urban , opposite the S. end of the Stadt-Park, near the Wenzels- Platz. --- * Schwertasek , Martinsgasse 6 , with an entrance from the Ferdinand- Str.at the back; Menninger, Eisengasse; Müller, Ferdinand- Str. , near the sus pension - bridge; Schwab, Obstmarkt. Wine: " Binder , Grosser Ring, op posite the old Rath haus; Gürtler, Wenzels- Platz; Petrschik, Bethlehems Platz; Czarda , corner of the Carlsgasse and the Seminariumgasse.Cafés. * Anger's Café Central, near the German theatre, Café Kronprinz ( Carmasini), Café Français, all in the Ferdinand - Str.; Stadt Wien , Obst gasse; Adler, Lorenz, Zeltnergasse; Urban, see above; National, Wasser gasse; Slovanska Kavarna (i.e. Slavonic coffee-house ), on the Franzens Quai. Beer , generally good , at all the hotels, restaurants, and cafés.Good Pilsner beer also at Donat's , Brenntegasse; Moschny's , Herrengasse;Regnemer, Lötzsch , in the Graben; Petzold , Zeltnergasse; Wohlrath's, Ca rolinenthal. -- Confectioners. Herrmann, W. Stutzig ,Wenzels-Platz; Juppa,Köpf- Jäger, Zeltnergasse; Schourek, F. Stutzig , Ferdinand-Str.German Casino, Kolowrat-Str., with a large garden; numerous concerts in summer; introduction by a member (restaurant on the ground floor open to the public ). – Deutscher Verein Austria , in the Kleinseite.Slavonic Bürger-Ressource, in the Sonnengasse.Bohemian Glass: Hofmann, next door to the Blaue Stern; Harrach, in the Graben . - PRAGUE GLOVES at Fraese's. BOHEMIAN GARNET WARES:M. Kersch , Graben 33 .Baths. * Elisabethbad ,Elisabeth - Str. 30; Piering &Donat (vapour-baths),König -Str. 94, Carolinenthal; New Baths, at the Sophieninsel; Königsbad,Postgasse 35 , ' in the Altstadt; river -baths at the Sophieninsel. Also Swim ming-baths on the left bank of the Moldau, below the chain -bridge (p. 267) .Post Office ( Pl. 62; F , 5) , Heinrichsgasse; numerous branch - offices.Telegraph Office , at the post- office. The office at the station transmits messagesin connection with the railway only, that in the Government Offices official telegrams.Cabs. Tariff of 1875: One- horse carriage ( for 2-3 pers.) per drive within the Altstadt, Neustadt, and Josephstadt 40 kr.; two- horse carr. ( for 4 pers .) 70 kr. To the Untere Kleinseite as far as the Sp*rnergasse 50 or 80 kr.;beyond the Sp*rnergasse 60 kr. or 1 fl .; Wyssehrad or Caro linenthal 70 kr. or 1 f . 20 kr.; Neustädter Theater 55 or 90 kr.; Smichow Station 80 kr, or 1 f . 40 kr.; Sandthor Station, Bubentsch, or Hradschin264 Route 41 . PRAGUE.Theatres .1 1. or 1 f . 60 kr.; Baumgarten or Bubentsch Station 1 fl. 20 or 1 fl.80 kr. By time. For each 1/4 hr. after the first drive 15 or 25 kr.; half a- day (5 hrs . ) 21/2 or 4, whole day (12 hrs. ) 5 or 7 n . To balls and evening- parties in the Altstadt, Neustadt, and Untere Kleinseite 80 kr. or 1 fl . 40 kr.; Sp*rnergasse , Hradschin, oř Wyssehrad 1 fl. or 1 fl . 60 kr. The driver is entitled to demand prepayment of his fare. At night ( 10 p.m. to 6 a.m.) one - half more than the above fares is charged , ex cept for the drives to the railway-stations and balls. Return - fare or wait.ing, 15 or 25 kr. per 1/4 hr. – Small articles of luggage free; each trunk 20 kr. Porter from the station to the cab 10 kr.; into the town, for60lbs. of luggage, 20 kr.; for each 201bs. additional , 4 kr.Omnibus from the station into the town, passing the principal hotels,15 kr. , luggage 15 kr.; between Carolinenthal and Kleinseite, and Carolinenthal and Smichow 10 kr.; between the Staats - Bahnhof and West Bahnhof 15 kr.Tramway from Carolinenthal to Smichow (terminus near the station )5-10 kr. The chain - bridge has to be crossed on foot.Railway Stations. 1. Staats- Bahnhof (station of the government- railway;Pl. G , H , 4) , Hybernergasse , for Dresden ( R. 42), Vienna viâ Brünn (R. 49 a ), the Buschtiehrad line ( Carlsbad, Eger, etc. , R. 44). - 2. West- Bahnhof ( Pl . D, 9) , in the suburb of Smichow, for Pilsen and Furth ( R. 46 ),Schlan , Brüx , and Dux ( p. 282), Prschibram and Protiwin (p . 289).3. Franz- Josephs-Bahnhof ( Pi. H , 5 ), by the new park , outside the town, on the E. , for Gmünd and Vienna ( R. 49 b ), and for the Neratowitz and Turnau Railway (p . 306 ). This station is connected with the Dresden station by a loop-line skirting the N. side of the Ziskaberg and then joining the Staatsbahn; it is also connected with the West Station by a line crossing the Moldau by a stone bridge, and hitherto used for goods-traffic only.4. Nord -West- Bahnhof ( Pl . H , 3 ) , on the Moldau , between Prague and Carolinenthal , for the line to Vienna viâ Znaim (R. 49c) , and the branch- lines to Bidschow, Trautenau, and Leitmeritz. 5. Buschtiehrader Bahnhof ( Pl . C, 8) , in Smichow , beyond the West-Bahnhof, for the line to Komotau, Carlsbad, and Eger.Theatres. German ( Pl . F, 5) , performances daily. Bohemian (Pl.E, 6 ), the Bohemian language (Czechish ) only used. - Neustädter (Pl. G, 6 ),a large wooden structure , near the new public park; performances in summer in German . New Bohemian Theatre (Pl. G , 6 ), near the last;operas and Czechish dramas. Variété Theatre, in the Carolinenthal (Pl .I , 4) , with circus, etc. - Bohemian Summer Theatre, near the Neustädter Theatre. There are also German and Bohemian summer - theatres in theHeine'sche Garten ( Pl. 1 , 6 ), and a small Bohemian summer- theatre in the Kuhstall ( Bohemian Kravina; Pl. J, 7) .Public Resorts. * Baumgarten (p. 270), a park belonging to the Bohemian Estates, with café, etc., outside the Sandthor, a favourite resort in spring.Special trains run in 10 min. from the Staats- Bahnhof to station Bubentsch ( Pl. C , D , 1 ) , at the end of the park , on Sundays and Thursdays, when amilitary band plays. — * Sophien - Insel (Pl . D, E, 6 ), near the chain -bridge,a favourite resort in summer, when a military band plays almost daily .Concerts and balls are given in the hall of the restaurant. - Belvedere (Pl.E, F , 3) , above the Franz - Josephs-Brücke, commanding a fine view of the lower part of the town. The Heine'sche Garten, near the Wenzels-Platz ,with a summer-theatre, and the Canal'sche Garten (Pl.I, 6), both with re staurants. Paradies -Garten (Pl . H, I, 5) , near the Franz - Joseph - Bahnhof. – The Schützen - Insel (Pl. D, 5, 6 ), opposite the Sophien -Insel, with restaurant and the shooting-range of the Prague Rifle Club.United States Consul, Mr. C. Phelps, Heuwags-Platz 2.Divine Service in English (Free Church of Scotland ) at 11 a.m., at Postgasse 8.Points of View: Hradschin (p. 269 ), evening light (best point the bal cony of the Fräuleinstift, fee 20 kr.). The Villa Kinsky ( p. 273; Pl. C , 6 )in. Kleinseite (adm . on Mon., Wed. and Frid. by cards, obtainable at the Kinsky Palace; best survey of the town ).Teynkirche. PRAGUE. 41. Route. 265Prague (614 ft. ), Bohemian Praha ( nearly 9 M. in circum ference ), the ancient capital of Bohemia, with 162,318 inhab. ( incl.suburbs 250,000; 4 /4ths Bohemian , 3 /4ths German) , and a garri son of 8-10,000 men, founded by Libussa, the first duch*ess of Bo hemia, occupies astrikingly picturesque and imposing situation in the valley of the Moldau and on the adjoining hills . It possesses manyhandsome and interesting medieval buildings and towers , and rising above them all the grand and venerable Hradschin , with the cathedral and a series of palaces. The historical associations con nected with Prague are also deeply interesting, but the collections it contains are comparatively insignificant.The town is divided into five districts: the Altstadt, the centre of the town and the focus of traffic; the Josephstadt on the N.W. , known down to 1860 as the Judenstadt; the Neustadt, encircling the Altstadt, on the right bank of the Moldau; the Kleinseite, on the left bank of the Moldau, partly in the valley and partly on the slopes of the Hradschin and Laurenzberg; and lastly the Hradschin ,with the imperial palace , on the heights of the left bank.The principal streets radiate from the Josephs - Platz, near the Staats - Bahnhof (Pl. G, 4): the Zeltnergasse , Grosse and Kleine Ring , and Carlsgasse lead hence to the W. to the Carls - Brücke,while the Graben and the Ferdinand - Strasse lead S.W. to the Fran zens-Brücke. We first follow the Zeltnergasse and visit the ALT STADT, at the entrance to which rises the Pulverthurm , erected in the 15th cent. , and tastefully decorated in the late - Gothic style; it formed the tower of a gateway at the period when the Altstadt was separated by walls from the Neustadt. Adjoining it on the N. is the Königshof (Pl . G, 4 ), once a palace of the Bohemian kings ,now a barrack. Opposite the Goldne Engel, in the Zeltnergasse, are the Civil Courts, formerly the seat of the commandant (Pl . F , 4).Here on 12th June, 1848, at the beginning of the revolution , thePrincess Windischgrätz , sister of Prince Schwarzenberg, who was afterwards prime-minister, was killed by a bullet.At the end of the Zeltnergasse is the GROSSE RING ( P1. F, 4), with the Teynkirche, the old church of the Hussites , erected in the 15th cent. by German merchants . On the last pillar on the S. is the tombstone (a relief in red marble) of the celebrated Danish astro nomer Tycho Brahe (a. 1601), who was invited to the university of Prague by Emp. Rudolph II. in 1599. The adjacent Mariencapelle contains statues of Cyril and Methodius, the apostles of Bohemia,with reliefs in bronze representing the baptism and communion of the first Slavonic Christians , presented by the Emp. Ferdinand in 1845. On the opposite side is an ancient font, restored in 1846.George Podiebrad , who was crowned King of Bohemia in this church in 1458, caused the facade to be surmounted with a large gilded chalice ( as an emblem of the Hussite doctrine that the communion should be administered to the people in both kinds), and beneath it>7266 Route 41 . PRAGUE. Rathhaus.>7a statue of himself with uplifted sword . After the battle of the White Hill ( p . 274) the chalice was superseded by an image of the Vir gin , which still occupies the same position. The Kinsky Palace,the largest in the Altstadt, adjoins the Teynkirche on the N.The Mariensäule in the Grosse Ring was erected by Emp. Fer dinand III . to commemorate the liberation of Prague from the Swedes .The Rathhaus, on the W. side of the Grosse Ring, was erected in 1838-41 in the Gothic style on the site of an older building, of which the chapel, the great tower of 1474 ( with a curious clock ),and the S , side with the and the old council - chamber aloneremain . The statues which adorn the second floor represent two Bo hemian kings , two German , and two Austrian emperors , to whom Prague is particularly indebted . In front of the Rathhaus, on 21st June, 1621 , after the disastrous battle of the White Hill (p . 274),twenty-seven of the leaders of the Protestant party , most of them Bohemian nobles, were executed . On the same spot, in Feb. , 1633,eleven officers of high rank were executed by Wallenstein's com mand , on the ground of alleged cowardice at the battle of Lützen .In the Hussgasse, not far from the Rathhaus , is the handsome Re naissance palace of Count Clam Gallas (Pl . E, 4 , 5) , erected in 1701-12 .To the right of the Carlsbrücke is an extensive block of buildings,erected in the latter half of the 17th cent . , consisting oftwochurches,two chapels, three gateways , and four towers , which constitute the Jesuit Collegium Clementinum (Pl . E , 4 , 5) , comprising a gymna sium or grammar -school, an archiepiscopal seminary , the university library (130,000 vols . , rich in Bohemian literature), natural history collections, an observatory, lecture-rooms of the theological and phi losophical faculties, an academy of art, &c. The first court contains a *Statue of a student of Prague in the costume of the 17th cent .,erected in 1864 to commemorate the active participation of the students in the defence of the town against the Swedes in 1648 .Near the bridge - tower rises the handsome bronze * Statue of Charles IV . ( Pl . E , 4 , 5), fou of the University , designed byHähnel of Dresden and cast by Burgschmiet of Nuremberg, erected in 1848 on the 500th anniversary of the foundation . The Uni versity of Prague , founded in 1348, and once attended by students from every part of Europe, is the oldest in Germany. Wenzel , thesuccessor of Charles , having proposed to limit the privileges of for eign students, many hundreds quitted Prague and founded the university of Leipsic ( 1409) and others. The university - building for students of law and medicine is the Carolinum (Pl . F, 4, 5) in the Altstadt, next to the theatre . The hall where degrees are con ferred contains portraits of Austrian emperors and archbishops of Prague. The present number of students is about 2000 .The * Carlsbrücke, with 16 arches, 540 yds . in length, erected be tween 1357 and 1507, has an ancient tower of defence at each end.

Carlsbrücke. PRAGUE , 41. Route. 267-The ALTSTADT Tower , towards the Brückenplatz, erected in 1451, is adorned with the armorial bearings ofthe lands once subject to the crown of Bohemia, and the statues of Emp. Charles IV . and his son Wenzel IV.The heads of the Protestant nobles executed in 1621 were barbarously ex posed to view on the gallery of this tower during ten years. In 1648 thetower defended the city against the Swedes , who through the treachery of an Austrian officer had gained possession of the Kleinseite almost with out a blow, and was bombarded by them for 14 weeks without success.When the Prussians were expelled from Prague in 1744, the bridge was the scene of the fiercest struggle.The buttresses of the bridge are adorned with thirty STATUES and GROUPS of saints. The inscription on the crucifix records that it waserected with money exacted from a Jew in 1606 , as a fine for reviling the Cross. The older figures ( 18th cent. ) are St. Ignatius on the right and St. Francis Xavier, the apostle of the Indians, on the left; the newer are St. Norbert, St. Wenzel, St. Sigismund, and St. Joseph, by Jos. Max. The bronze statue of St. John Nepomuc, the patron-saint of Bohemia , and the two reliefs were executed in 1683 at Nuremberg. A slab of marble with a cross on the right, on the coping of the wall, marks the spot where the saint is said to have been flung from the bridge in 1383 by order of Emp.Wenzel , for refusing to betray what the empress had confided to him in the confessional. According to the legend, the body floated for a consid erabletime in the Moldau, with five brilliant stars hovering over the head.In 1728 the holy man was canonised by Pope Benedict XIII., after which many thousands of devotees from Bohemia , Moravia , and Hungary per formed pilgrimagesto the bridge , especially on 16th May, the festival of the saint. The last group on the left is a curious representation of souls in purgatory , erected in commemoration of the expulsion of the French invaders and the cessation the plague.The Kaiser - Franz -Brücke , a suspension - bridge 500 yds. in length, crosses the Moldau at the Schützeninsel, above the old bridge .Between these bridges is the Franzensquai , with the * Monument of Francis I. ( Pl. E, 5) , a Gothic canopy, 75 ft. high, over an eques trian statue of the emperor in bronze (cast at Munich ), serving at the same time as a fountain . Below, at the corners, are represented the sixteen ancient districts of Bohemia and the city; above are figures emblematical of art, science, commerce , and industry . The whole was designed by Kranner , the statues executed by Jos. Max .- Above the Sophieninsel is the Palacky -Brücke, completed in 1878 , which is 750 ft. in length by 30 ft. in width , and rests on eight buttresses; it crosses the river from the new Podkaler Quai,which is 1/2 M. long, to Smichow ( p. 273). Below the Carlsbrücke is the Kettensteg ( a chain - bridge ) , be yond which , on the right bank , is the Rudolfs - Quai. Herestands the new Rudolfinum , an imposing edifice in the Renaissancestyle by Zitek , intended to contain the Academy of Art, the In dustrial Museum , and the Conservatorium of Music. Still lower down is the Franz - Josephs- Brücke, opened in 1868, and leadingto the abrupt left bank of the Moldau, where the new Kronprins Rudolph (or Belvedere) Anlagen are situated (promenades with café,commanding a beautiful view ).The Carlsbrücke leads to the ' Ring' of the Kleinseite, embellished with the * Radetzky Monument (Pl . C , 4), rected in 1858 by theBohemian Art Union . The marshal, with his baton , holding a flag in his hand , stands on a shield borne by eight soldiers; figures in7268 Route 41 . PRAGUE. Cathedral.bronze ,7 cast by Burgschmiet of Nuremberg , the marshal by Em .Max, the soldiers by Jos. Max. The emperor presented 5 tons of the metal of Piedmontese cannon for the execution of the work.The neighbouring Jesuit church of St. Nicholas (Pl . C, 4) , com pleted in 1772 , is richly decorated with gilding and marble. Tworoutes lead hence to the Hradschin , the shorter to the right through the Schlossstiegen -Gasse , and by 203 steps to the entrance to the court of the castle; the longer and easier is in a straight direction ,and then to the right at the end of the Sp*rnergasse .The Hradschin may be termed the Capitol of Prague . The Hrad schiner Platz is a quadrangle bounded on the N. by the archiepisco pal palace and thehouses of the canons, on the S. by that of Prince Schwarzenberg, and on the E. by a palace of the Emperor Francis Joseph. A railing separates the Hradschiner Platz from the en trance- court of the imperial Burg, which with several other buildings encloses the cathedral . Valets-de-place may be dispensed with.The * Cathedral (Pl. C, 4) , open 5-12 and 2-5 o'clock , the Metropolitan Church of St. Vitus, begun in 1344 , consists of little more than the spacious late -Gothic choir completed by Peter Arler of Gmünd (p. 45) in 1385. A plain party -wall, covered with fres coes (now faded ) in 1729 to commemorate the canonisation of St. John Nepomuc, closes the unfinished W. side . The tower, once 520 ft. high, was reduced by a fire in 1541 to its present height of 323 ft. The sacred edifice and its monuments, which were seriously damaged by the Prussian bombardment during the siege of 1757,have since undergone a thorough restoration . The completion of the cathedral is now in progress .The nave (118 ft. in height) contains the fine * MONUMENT OF THE Kings, executed in marble and alabaster by Alex. Colin of Malines in 1589, under Rudolph II . , and erected over the hereditary burial- place of the Bohemian monarchs. Beneath it repose Charles IV. (d . 1378), Wen zel IV. ( d. 1419), Ladislaw Posthumus (d . 1458 ), GeorgePodiebrad ( . 1471),Ferdinand I. (d. 1564 ) , Maximilian II. (d . 1577) , Rudolph II. (d. 1612) ,and several queens and princesses. The * WENZEL CHAPEL, the first on the right, contains the monument of the saint; behind it his helmet and coatof mail, and a large candelabrum with his statue, cast by the celebrat ed Peter Vischer of Nuremberg in 1532. The chapel ' is inlaid with Bohe mian precious stones , and decorated with very ancient, half-obliterated frescoes of the early Prague school ( Thomas of Mutina , Theodoric of Prague ), A small picture by Cranach , of 1543 , represents the murder of St. Wenzel. The ring on the door is said to be one which wasgraspedby the saint when he was slain at Altbunzlau in 936 by his brother Boleslav. Adjoining the Wenzel Chapel is a handsome modern * Altarby Achtermann of Rome. The 2ND CHAPEL contains the tomb of the coun sellor Martinitz (see below) and a Madonna by Cimabue (?). The royal ORA TORIUM is borne by admirably-executed stone vaulting. Opposite, on the wall of the choir, a large representation in carved wood of the devastation of the church by the Protestants. To the right in the choir is the SHRINE OF St. Nepomuc, executed in 1736, of no artistic value, but said to consist of 11/2 tons of silver. To the right behind the high- altar are the very ancient tombs of Ottocar I. and II . and other Slavonic monarchs. A ball suspended by a chain from a pillar is one of those which injured the church in the Seven Years' War; the damage it occasioned to the balustrade is stillBurg.PRAGUE. 41. Route. 269observable. In the chapel behind the High ALTAR is a modern group by Em. Max, representing the strangling of St. Ludmilla , wife of the first Duke of Bohemia . Opposite to it , at the back of the high -altar , is the tomb of St. Vitus, the patron -saint of the church, with amodern statue.The following chapel contains a Crucifixion attributed to Dürer . On the wall of the choir is represented the flight of King Frederick of the Pala tinate from Prague after his defeat on the White Hill . The oppositechapel contains a metal * CANDELABRUM , the foot of which dates from the 12th cent., and the upper part from 1641. Over a prie-Dieu , by the sa cristy , is a Head of Christ on the napkin, revered as a ' vera icon ", copied in 1368 by Thomas of Mutina from an ancient Byzantine picture; the patron saints ofBohemia on the margin are original; the whole admirably exe cuted . Over the N. portal is an Adoration of the Cross , a fresco by M. Mayer, painted in 1631, interesting only on account of the portraits of Ferdinand I. and II . and their queens. - The large Mosaic on the s.external wall represents the Resurrection , the Bohemian patron -saints,Charles IV. (who caused the work to be executed in 1371 by Italian artists ), and his queen Elizabeth . - Adjoining the cathedral is the TREASURY,containing numerous curiosities and objects of value, to inspect which permission must be obtained from the canon Dr. Diettrich.Behind the cathedral rises the Romanesque Church of St. George , a heavy - looking edifice of 1142-50, partly rebuilt after afire in 1541. It contains the monument of St. Ludmilla, dating from the 14th century . To the right of the church is the Adlige Fräuleinstift, an institution for spinsters of noble family, the bal cony of which commands an admirable view (comp. p . 264; en trance in the circular portico ).The Burg ( Pl. C , 4), or Imperial Palace, founded by Charles IV .,subsequently recommenced by Wladislaw and again by Ferdinand I. ,and completed by Maria Theresa , contains little to interest the traveller. The equestrian Statue of St. George, a fountain - figure opposite the portal of the palace , was cast in iron in 1373; the horse , having been injured , was recast in 1562. The interior is exhibited to the public daily between 11 and 1 ( fee of 1 fl. to the attendant). The most interesting rooms in the palace are Ladis law's Hall, or the hall of homage, in which tournaments were once held , the old government- room , the private chapel , and the Ger man and Spanish halls . From the window of the old Council Chamber Count Thurn caused the two imperial counsellors Martinitz and Slawata to be precipitated . This act of violence was the im mediate occasion of the Thirty Years' War. The chamber containstheir portraits. Two small obelisks beneath the windows, bearing their names, commemorate the event. The private apartments of the late Emp. Ferdinand (a. 1875), which contain a few good pictures by Italian and German masters, are not shown .To the W. of the Hradschiner Platz lies the Loretto -Platz,bounded on the W. by the extensive Franz - Joseph Barracks, form erly Count Czernin's Palace (Pl. A, 4) . Opposite , in the corner to the right , is a Capuchin Monastery (Pl . A , B, 4) , into the walls of which Prussian balls are built in commemoration of the siege of 1757. On the E. side of the Platz, adjoining the monastery , is the pilgrimage - chapel of St. Loretto, an exact imitation of the celebrat>97270 Route 41 .PRAGUE.Belvedere .ed Casa Santa of Loretto . The treasury , to which 6 pers . only are admitted at a time, under the guidance of a Capuchin monk ( each pers . 20 kr. ) , contains a few monstrances of the 16th cent. , themost curious of which is in the form of rays , said to be set with 6580 precious stones.Higher up, near the Reichsthor, on the highest site in the town , stands the wealthy Premonstratensian * Abbey of Strahow ( Pl . A, 4, 5) , a very imposing struoture , with spacious halls , and a church containing the tombs of St. Norbert , founder of the order , and Pappenheim , the Imperial general , who fell at Lützen in 1632. The finest work in the picture - gallery is a * Virgin and Child crowned by angels, painted by Dürer at Venice in 1506, con taining portraits of the painter himself, his friend Pirkheimer, Emp.Maximilian , Pope Julius II . , and other princes (much retouched).The admirably -arranged library, with 60,000 vols. and 100 MSS.,contains autographs of Tycho Brahe and a portrait of Ziska, the blind leader of the Hussites . Adjoining it is a small natural history collection , in which the fossils deserve notice . Superb *View, from the windows of the upper floor, of the imposing city and the distant landscape bounded by the Giant Mts . on the N.E. (fee to the guide in the monastery 20 kr .; attendance of the librarian of course gratuitous) . Returning to the imperial palace, we regain the road by the passage on the N. side of the first court , and, passing the Imperial Garden and the Artillery Exercising Ground, reach the * Belvedere ( Pl . C, D, 3), a beautiful villa roofed with copper, in the best Italian Renaissance style , erected in 1536 by Emp. Ferdinand I. for the Empress. It is erroneously termed Tycho Brahe's observatory ,perhaps from the circ*mstance that Rudolph II . sometimes watchedthe stars here in the society of his astronomer. The great hall is adorned with frescoes from the history of Bohemia. * View from the balcony ( fee 15 kr. ). The Sandthor to the N. leads to the left to the station of the Buschtiehrad Railway, and to the right to the Baum garten (* Restaurant ), mentioned at p . 264.The promenades of the Volksgarten descend from the Belvedere to the town. In the Waldsteingasse, to the right (Nos. 10, 11 ), is the Palace of Prince Fürstenberg (Pl. D, 3 , 4) , with a beautiful garden , and a little farther on (No. 12) that of Prince Hanau.We then reach the Waldstein - Platz, where Wallenstein's Palace (Pl. D ), 4) is situated on the left. It was erected in 1623 by the il lustrious general of the Thirty Years' War, and still belongs to the family (Counts of Waldstein ). The old hall with its grotesque carya tides was restored in 1854. An the back , facing the beautiful gar den, is a fine open hall in the Renaissance style.The Thomasgasse leads hence to the Kleinseitner Ring, passing the House of the Provincial Diet (on the right) and the Gover nor's Residence. In the Kleinseitner Ring, on the left, is the PaWenzels - Platz. PRAGUE. 41. Route. 271lace of Count Sternberg (No. 20), which now contains the Picture Gallery of the Bohemian ‘Kunstfreunde' (open free on Sun. and holidays from May to Oct. , 10-3; also on other days on previous application , 10-4; catalogue 60 kr.).The pictures are chiefly by modern masters, and of little value: Bür kel, View of the Zugspitze in the Bavarian Mts.; Gail, Court of the Lions in the Alhambra; Schleich , Thunder-storm; Schirmer , Forest-scene; Füh rich , Raising of the daughter of Jairus. The best of the earlier worksare: Theodoric of Prague, Adoration of the Virgin , with portraits of the emperors Charles IV . and Wenzel , painted in 1375; Holbein the Elder,Two altar-wings (grisaille ); Rubens, Portrait of his second wife; Van Dyck,William of Orange when a child; Luini, St. Catharine; Schidone, St. Fran cis; Carlo Dolci, Madonna. The portraits attributed to Titian are copies.The gallery also contains a valuable collection of engravings by Wenzel Hollar ( d . 1677), who was a native of Prague.The Palace of Count Nostitz (Pl . D, 5), in the Kleinseite, contains a choice collection of marble statues and casts , and about 300 pictures ( fee ).2nd Room: Mostaert , Fair. 3rd R.: Brueghel and Rottenhammer,Banquet of the gods; Hackert, Landscape. 4th R.: Wilson WindsorCastle. 5th R.: Holbein , Portrait of his wife; Van Dyck,St. Bruno;Potter , Cattle; G. Reni, St. Francis; Steen , A scholar; Mieris, A scholar smoking; Van Dyck, William of Orange; Titian , Portrait; Ostade, Fish woman. - In the private apartments: * Rembrandt, Counsellor; * Rubens,Portrait of Spinola; Velazquez, Portrait; Holbein, Three portraits; Terburg,Fruit-dealer; Mieris, Domestic scene; * Rubens , Columbus; Morgenstern ,Landscape.>On the land-side the Altstadt is entirely surrounded by the Neustadt, from which it was formerly separated by a wall and moat.The GRABBN (Pl. F, 5, G, 4) is now the finest and busiest street in the town, containing the handsomest shops and the most popu lar cafés. On the left , No. 26 , is the German Casino (p. 263).Adjacent (No. 24 ) is the * Bohemian Museum ( Pl. G , 5; open to the public on Tues, and Frid . 9-1 , on other days 10-1; fee 1 fl.for 1-4 pers .).It comprises a library, collections of MSS. (of Huss , Ziska , &c . ) and coins, andethnographical, botanical, and geognostic cabinets, founded by Count Sternberg. In the 2nd Room on the upper floor: carved wood and ivory, and ethnographical curiosities. 3rd and 4th R.: Bohemian anti quities, bronzes, ancient weapons, flails used in the Hussite wars, sword of Gustavus Adolphus, the sword with which the Protestant nobles were beheaded (p. 266), goblets; objects of the stone and bronze periods found at Scharka in Bohemia. 6th R.: Natural history specimens , including alarge meteoric stone. A small out- building contains a collection of fossils .At the S.W. end of the Graben and forming a right angle with it to the left, is the Wenzels- Platz ( formerly the Rossmarkt), amagnificent street, 55-65 yds . in width , and 750 yds . in length ,ascending slightly towards the S.E. and planted with double ave nues of trees. At the upper end is the new building of the Bohe mian National Museum (Pl. G, 6) . The space gained by the re moval of the town -walls between the Neuthor and Kornthor (also removed ), below the Franz- Josephs -Bahnhof, has been laid out as>272 Route 41 .PRAGUE . Carls - Platz.>a large * Public Park . A the entrance to the park, on the right,stands the Neustadt Theatre ( p. 264) .At the E. end of the Ferdinand - Strasse, opposite the church of St. Maria - Schnee (Pl . F, 5) , rises a monument in memory of the lexicographer Joseph Jungmann ( d . 1847) , designed by Simek.Farther on in the same street (No. 24 ), to the left, is the Palais Schlik , containing the Merchants' Club (Pl. F, 5); on the right (No. 15 ) , at the corner of the Postgasse , is the Police Office (Pl.E , 5) , opposite which are the Church and Convent of the Ursuline Nuns ( Pl. E , 6). The Bohemian Savings Bank, also on the right (No. 7), is a handsome building erected by Ullmann in 1861. At the W. end of the street, by the Franzens- Brücke , rises the new Bohemian Theatre, a Renaissance edifice by Zitek, finished in 1881;shortly before its opening the interior was gutted by an unfortunate fire. Franzens-Brücke, see p . 267; Schützen - Insel and So..phien -Insel, see p. 264.The most extensive Platz in Prague is the Carls - Platz, or Vieh markt, now converted into a park, 580 yds . in length , and 165 yds.in width. In the N.E. corner is the Rathhaus of the Neustadt (Pl.F , 6), so altered in 1806 that a tower of the original structure (of 1370)alone remains . It is now occupied by the criminal courts of justice.The Hussite wars began here in 1419. The infuriated populace under Ziska stormed the Rath haus, released the Hussite prisoners,and flung the unpopular counsellors from the windows. On the W. side of the Platz is the new Technical School, a handsome building in the Renaissance style. Half of the S.E, side of the Platz is occu pied by the Military Hospital (Pl . F, 7 ), formerly a Jesuit college.In the Lindengasse, in the vicinity, is the Hospital ( Allgemeine Krankenhaus, Pl. F , 7 ) , and in the same neighbourhood are the Foundling and Lying -in Hospitals and the Lunatic Asylum ( Pl. F,G, 7, 8 ). The Carlshof Church ( Pl. G, 8 ), near the Lunatic Asy lum , a Gothic edifice with a dome, and a masterpiece of technical execution, dates from the 14th century . The new Commercial Hos pital (Pl . G , 8 ) lies a little to the N. At the S. end of the Carls Platz are the Deaf and Dumb Asylum (Pl . E, 7) , the Children's Hospital (Pl. E, 7 ), and the Benedictine Church of Emaus, a Go thic structure of 1371 , the transept of which is embellished with interesting frescoes from the ‘Biblia Pauperum ' (parallel scenes from the Old and New Testament). In the Slupergasse, farther to the S. , stands the Elisabethinerinnen Hospital (Pl. F , 8), to the left of which is the garden of the Gartenbau -Gesellschaft ( PI. F , 8 ),recommended to the notice of horticulturists .The Wyssehrad, or citadel, occupying the site of the castle of Libussa, the foundress of the Bohemian royal family , of whom numerous legends are related, forms the S. extremity of Prague. The approach leads through a house (with a crucifix in front of it) , be yond which steps ascend to a bastion ( fine view ). The original7History. PRAGUE . 41. Route. 2737>Wyssehrad , once a stronghold with numerous towers , was almost entirely destroyed during the Hussite wars. The present fortifications are modern .The Jews' Quarter , or Josephstadt, lies on the Moldau , at the N.W. angle of the Altstadt. It was formerly occupied exclusively by Jews, but one - half of the present population (10,000) consists of Christians of the poorer classes. The tower of the Jewish Rathhaus affords the best survey of these crowded and curious purlieus. The most interesting of the nine synagogues is the Altneuschule (Pl . 1 ),an early-Gothic structure of the beginning of the 13th cent. This singular, gloomy pile, begrimed with the smoke and dust of ages in the interior, was founded , according to tradition , by the first fugi tives from Jerusalem after its destruction . The large flag suspended from the vaulting, and extending across the entire synagogue , waspresented by Ferdinand III . , in recognition of the bravery of the Jews during the siege of Prague by the Swedes in 1648.In the midst of these narrow lanes and densely - peopled houses,near the Altneuschule , is situated the ancient * JEWISH BURIAL GROUND (Pl. E, 4), disused since 1780 , the entrance to which is closed by a door.At thé Altneuschule a number of guides ( 10 kr. ) always proffer theirservices. Thousands of grey, time-worn, moss -grown stones, some of them of great antiquity , bearing Hebrew inscriptions , are interwoven with underwood, creeping plants , alders, etc. Many of them are furnished with the symbol pecul to the tribe to which the deceased belonged; thus , apitcher marks the tribe of Levi , two hands the descendants of Aaron.The small stones piled on the graves and tombstones have been placedthere , according to the Jewish custom , by relatives of the deceased as atoken ' of regard. This interesting spot is now sadly neglected.Carolinenthal, the N.E. suburb of Prague , intersected by the long ( 2/3 M.) railway-viaduct, with 20,000 inhab . , is a busy manu facturing place of entirely modern origin . The large Church of SS.Cyril and Methodius (Pl . I , K, 37 was begun in 1854 from designsby Rösner, and completed in 1863. The small Park ( Pl. H, 4) be tween Carolinenthal and the Neustadt, opposite the station of the N. W. Railway (p . 264) , contains a monument by J. Max erected to the memory of the Bohemian soldiers who fell in 1848 and 1849 .At Smichow , the S.W. suburb (outside the jezde or) , another industrial quarter , with 21,000 inhab . , is situated the ex tensive station of the Bohemian Western Railway (R. 46) , whichis now connected with the stations on the E. side of the town by ajunction - line, crossing the Moldau below the Wyssehrad, skirting the Neustadt, and passing through a long tunnel (comp . p. 264).Above the Aujezderthor, to the right,is the Villa Kinsky ( p. 264).Historical Associations, Prague is celebrated in history as the sphere of action of Huss and Jerome, two of the greatest harbingers of the Refor mation, and as the earliest stronghold of Protestantism in Germany. Huss was born in 1369 ( p. 293), studied for the church , and became a priest and aprofessor at the university. Having read Wickliffe's Bible , he soon began strenuously to inveigh against the errors of the Romish Church. He preached against the confessional, the adoration of images, the practice of compulsory fasting , and the withdrawal from the laity of the cup at the Holy Communion . At the same time his character for piety and integrityBAEDEKER'S S. Germany. 5th Edit.189274 Route 41 .PRAGUE. History.was irreproachable. In 1410 he was summoned to Rome by Pope John XXIII. to answer for his conduct, but declined to appear. In 1412 he was formally excommunicated , and the city of Prague laid under a papal inter dict on account of its adherence to the reformed doctrines . Huss, however,who enjoyed the patronage of King Sigismund and many of the Bohemian nobility, continued zealously to devote himself to the cause of truth , and made numerous converts . In 1414 he was summoned to appear before the Council of Constance , whither he repaired , provided with a safe -conduct from the Emperor. The latter, however, was persuaded that a promise made to a heretic was null and void; he accordingly withdrew his pro tection , and Huss , after a mock trial , was condemned to the stake. He died nobly , on 6th July, 1415, and his ashes were cast into the Rhine.JEROME of Prague, the friend and contemporary of Huss, becameacquaint ed with the dawning Reformation whilst studying at Oxford. On returning to his native country he displayed the utmost zeal in disseminating the new principles. When Huss was cited before the Council, Jerome hastened to repair thither to aid in the defence of his friend, but hesitat ed on finding that a safe -conduct was denied to him. He was, however,arrested by the Duke of Bavaria , handed over to the Council , and thrown into prison in April, 1415. Enervated and reduced to the verge of despair by six months of solitary confinement in a noisome dungeon , he was at length induced to recant by a promise of liberty. The promise having been broken , Jerome retracted shortly afterwards, and on 30th May, 1416,died heroically at the stake. His ashes , like those of his friend Huss,were cast into the Rhine. For upwards of a century a large pro portion of the population of Bohemia continued to adhere to the doctrines of Huss , and the struggles between them and the Romish party were incessant. ZISKA (d. 1424) was the great leader of the more democratic and puritanical party, and, although latterly blind , continued his victori ous career till his death . The cause of the Reformation, however , was afterwards seriously prejudiced by the hostility between the moderate university- party and the fanatical reformers of the lower classes. In the 16th cent. the teaching of Luther , Calvin , and the other great Reformers tended to establish Protestantism in Bohemia on a more stable foundation ,but in 1620 , soon after the beginning of the Thirty Years' War, the Roman Catholic League was finally victorious.On the White Hill (Weisse Berg) , W. of Prague, about 31/2 M. from the Reichsthor (p. 270 ), the fate of Protestantism in Bohemia was decided,8th Nov. , 1620. The Prot. Bohemians under Frederick V. of the Palatinate,the king of their own election , had thrown up intrenchments on the White Hill, but the attacks of Maximilian of Bavaria , chief of the Rom.Cath. League, with his army of Bavarians and Walloons, were so irresist ible that Frederick and his party were speedily routed, and the battle won in less than an hour. A pilgrimage -church was afterwards erected here to commemorate the victory . - On the N.W. slope of the White Hill an extensive and massive structure, erected in the form of a star,rises in the midst of wood . It was originally a royal château, but is nowused as a powder- magazine. It is situated at the extremity of a park which derives its name of Stern (star) from this building , and is favourite resort of the citizens, thousands of whom repair hither on the first Sunday after 13th July. A stone here commemorates the capture of Prague by Frederick the Great in 1744 , purporting to occupy the precise spot whence that monarch directed the operations of the besiegers. On6th May, 1757, Marshal SCHWERIN, Frederick the Great's favourite general ,fell at the battle of Prague. Two monuments mark the spot where he was mortally wounded , near the village of Sterbohol , 41/2 M. to the E. of Prague.Schloss Karlstein , 14 M. to the s.w. of Prague, see p. 289.a27542. From Dresden to Prague:121 M. RAILWAY in 41/ 2-7 hrs. (fares 17 m. 10 , 12 m . 90 , 8 m. 60 pf.; express 18 m . 40, 13 m . 90 pf.). Finest views on the left. STEAMBOAT,five times daily to Pirna in 24/4 hrs. , thrice daily to Schandau in 47/2 hrs. ,twice daily to Aussig in 10hrs. The traveller unacquainted with the picturesque banks of the Elbe may perform part of this route by steamer .The finest scenery terminates at Aussig (fares 3 m . 50, 2m. 40 pf. ).Dresden and the Saxon Switzerland, see Baedeker's N. Germany.The station at Dresden is on the S. side of the town . Soon afterstarting , the Grosse Garten is seen on the left, and part of the battle field of 26th and 27th Aug. , 1813, on the right . The line traverses the plain of the Elbe Valley, bounded on the S. by the gentle slopes of the extreme spurs of the Erzgebirge. The opposite bank of the river is covered with vineyards, and studded with country - seats .Stat. Sedlitz, with a mineral spring , gives its name to the now ar tificially - prepared ' powders' , which however differ materially from those obtained by evaporating the mineral water. On the rightappears the spire of Dohna.The line approaches the Elbe and follows the serpentine course of the river through the picturesque ' Saxon Switzerland (described in the Handbook for N. Germany). The valley is narrow and rocky ,and the railway occasionally hewn through the solid rock . Thechâteau of Sonnenberg at (11 M.) Pirna ( * Rail. Restaurant) is now alunatic asylum . Pötzscha is the station for the small town of Wehlen on the opposite bank. At stat. Rathen (*Inn) rises the *Bastei , aprecipitous rock (640 ft. ) on the opposite bank of the Elbe , the finest point in the Saxon Switzerland, commanding a beautiful view.At (22 M.) Königstein (Kronprinz; Blauer Stern ) is the celebratedfortress of that name , rising 810 ft . above the river , and com manding a noble prospect (admission on application to the governor,4 m . for 1-8 pers.). Opposite the fortress rises the Lilienstein ,177 ft. higher . 24 M. Schandau is the station for the village of the same name on the opposite bank (* Forsthaus; Dampfschiff;Deutsches Haus) . 32 M. Niedergrund is the first Bohemian village on the left bank; Herrnskretschen , a little lower down , the firstBohemian place on the right bank , is the usual termination or starting - point of a tour in the Saxon Switzerland (steamboat to Dresden in 4, from Dresden in 51/2 hrs . ) . The line penetrates the projecting Schäferwand by several short tunnels.381/2 M. Bodenbach (* Post; * Grams; Rail . Restaurant) is the Saxon and Austrian custom-house station . Long halt, and change ofcarriages. Opposite to it lies the pleasant town of Tetschen ( p . 294),which is connected with the left bank by means of a railway and asuspension -bridge. The village of Obergrund (Starck's Hôtel; * Bad Hôtel; Bellevue), on the left bank, below the bridge , is a favourite summer-resort.FROM BODENBACH TO Dux AND KOMOTAU, 50 M. , railway in 33/4 hrs.( fare